Rollup merge of #115100 - Urgau:invalid_ref_casting-ptr-writes, r=est31

Add support for `ptr::write`s for the `invalid_reference_casting` lint

This PR adds support for `ptr::write` and others for the `invalid_reference_casting` lint.

Detecting instances where instead of using the deref (`*`) operator to assign someone uses `ptr::write`, `ptr::write_unaligned` or `ptr::write_volatile`.

```rust
let data_len = 5u64;

std::ptr::write(
    std::mem::transmute::<*const u64, *mut u64>(&data_len),
    new_data_len,
);
```

r? ``@est31``

5 files changed, 106 insertions, 22 deletions

diff --git a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/reference_casting.rs b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/reference_casting.rs
index 2577cabb3f0..883f6242b56 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/reference_casting.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/reference_casting.rs
@@ -56,20 +56,7 @@ impl<'tcx> LateLintPass<'tcx> for InvalidReferenceCasting {
     }
 
     fn check_expr(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'tcx>, expr: &'tcx Expr<'tcx>) {
-        // &mut <expr>
-        let inner = if let ExprKind::AddrOf(_, Mutability::Mut, expr) = expr.kind {
-            expr
-        // <expr> = ...
-        } else if let ExprKind::Assign(expr, _, _) = expr.kind {
-            expr
-        // <expr> += ...
-        } else if let ExprKind::AssignOp(_, expr, _) = expr.kind {
-            expr
-        } else {
-            return;
-        };
-
-        let ExprKind::Unary(UnOp::Deref, e) = &inner.kind else {
+        let Some((is_assignment, e)) = is_operation_we_care_about(cx, expr) else {
             return;
         };
 
@@ -86,15 +73,58 @@ impl<'tcx> LateLintPass<'tcx> for InvalidReferenceCasting {
         cx.emit_spanned_lint(
             INVALID_REFERENCE_CASTING,
             expr.span,
-            if matches!(expr.kind, ExprKind::AddrOf(..)) {
-                InvalidReferenceCastingDiag::BorrowAsMut { orig_cast }
-            } else {
+            if is_assignment {
                 InvalidReferenceCastingDiag::AssignToRef { orig_cast }
+            } else {
+                InvalidReferenceCastingDiag::BorrowAsMut { orig_cast }
             },
         );
     }
 }
 
+fn is_operation_we_care_about<'tcx>(
+    cx: &LateContext<'tcx>,
+    e: &'tcx Expr<'tcx>,
+) -> Option<(bool, &'tcx Expr<'tcx>)> {
+    fn deref_assign_or_addr_of<'tcx>(expr: &'tcx Expr<'tcx>) -> Option<(bool, &'tcx Expr<'tcx>)> {
+        // &mut <expr>
+        let inner = if let ExprKind::AddrOf(_, Mutability::Mut, expr) = expr.kind {
+            expr
+        // <expr> = ...
+        } else if let ExprKind::Assign(expr, _, _) = expr.kind {
+            expr
+        // <expr> += ...
+        } else if let ExprKind::AssignOp(_, expr, _) = expr.kind {
+            expr
+        } else {
+            return None;
+        };
+
+        if let ExprKind::Unary(UnOp::Deref, e) = &inner.kind {
+            Some((!matches!(expr.kind, ExprKind::AddrOf(..)), e))
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn ptr_write<'tcx>(
+        cx: &LateContext<'tcx>,
+        e: &'tcx Expr<'tcx>,
+    ) -> Option<(bool, &'tcx Expr<'tcx>)> {
+        if let ExprKind::Call(path, [arg_ptr, _arg_val]) = e.kind
+            && let ExprKind::Path(ref qpath) = path.kind
+            && let Some(def_id) = cx.qpath_res(qpath, path.hir_id).opt_def_id()
+            && matches!(cx.tcx.get_diagnostic_name(def_id), Some(sym::ptr_write | sym::ptr_write_volatile | sym::ptr_write_unaligned))
+        {
+            Some((true, arg_ptr))
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+
+    deref_assign_or_addr_of(e).or_else(|| ptr_write(cx, e))
+}
+
 fn is_cast_from_const_to_mut<'tcx>(cx: &LateContext<'tcx>, e: &'tcx Expr<'tcx>) -> bool {
     let e = e.peel_blocks();
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_span/src/symbol.rs b/compiler/rustc_span/src/symbol.rs
index 28a2dfebcfe..8aec12f128e 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_span/src/symbol.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_span/src/symbol.rs
@@ -1179,6 +1179,9 @@ symbols! {
         ptr_offset_from,
         ptr_offset_from_unsigned,
         ptr_unique,
+        ptr_write,
+        ptr_write_unaligned,
+        ptr_write_volatile,
         pub_macro_rules,
         pub_restricted,
         public,
diff --git a/library/core/src/ptr/mod.rs b/library/core/src/ptr/mod.rs
index 5f094ac4e7e..01e36044899 100644
--- a/library/core/src/ptr/mod.rs
+++ b/library/core/src/ptr/mod.rs
@@ -1357,6 +1357,7 @@ pub const unsafe fn read_unaligned<T>(src: *const T) -> T {
 #[inline]
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_ptr_write", issue = "86302")]
+#[rustc_diagnostic_item = "ptr_write"]
 #[cfg_attr(miri, track_caller)] // even without panics, this helps for Miri backtraces
 pub const unsafe fn write<T>(dst: *mut T, src: T) {
     // Semantically, it would be fine for this to be implemented as a
@@ -1459,6 +1460,7 @@ pub const unsafe fn write<T>(dst: *mut T, src: T) {
 #[inline]
 #[stable(feature = "ptr_unaligned", since = "1.17.0")]
 #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_ptr_write", issue = "86302")]
+#[rustc_diagnostic_item = "ptr_write_unaligned"]
 #[cfg_attr(miri, track_caller)] // even without panics, this helps for Miri backtraces
 pub const unsafe fn write_unaligned<T>(dst: *mut T, src: T) {
     // SAFETY: the caller must guarantee that `dst` is valid for writes.
@@ -1607,6 +1609,7 @@ pub unsafe fn read_volatile<T>(src: *const T) -> T {
 /// ```
 #[inline]
 #[stable(feature = "volatile", since = "1.9.0")]
+#[rustc_diagnostic_item = "ptr_write_volatile"]
 #[cfg_attr(miri, track_caller)] // even without panics, this helps for Miri backtraces
 pub unsafe fn write_volatile<T>(dst: *mut T, src: T) {
     // SAFETY: the caller must uphold the safety contract for `volatile_store`.
diff --git a/tests/ui/lint/reference_casting.rs b/tests/ui/lint/reference_casting.rs
index 6c38bca3daa..92d985948ec 100644
--- a/tests/ui/lint/reference_casting.rs
+++ b/tests/ui/lint/reference_casting.rs
@@ -71,6 +71,11 @@ unsafe fn assign_to_ref() {
     //~^ ERROR assigning to `&T` is undefined behavior
     *std::mem::transmute::<_, *mut i32>(num) += 1;
     //~^ ERROR assigning to `&T` is undefined behavior
+    std::ptr::write(
+    //~^ ERROR assigning to `&T` is undefined behavior
+        std::mem::transmute::<*const i32, *mut i32>(num),
+        -1i32,
+    );
 
     let value = num as *const i32 as *mut i32;
     *value = 1;
@@ -79,6 +84,12 @@ unsafe fn assign_to_ref() {
     //~^ ERROR assigning to `&T` is undefined behavior
     *(num as *const _ as usize as *mut i32) = 2;
     //~^ ERROR assigning to `&T` is undefined behavior
+    std::ptr::write(value, 2);
+    //~^ ERROR assigning to `&T` is undefined behavior
+    std::ptr::write_unaligned(value, 2);
+    //~^ ERROR assigning to `&T` is undefined behavior
+    std::ptr::write_volatile(value, 2);
+    //~^ ERROR assigning to `&T` is undefined behavior
 
     unsafe fn generic_assign_to_ref<T>(this: &T, a: T) {
         *(this as *const _ as *mut _) = a;
diff --git a/tests/ui/lint/reference_casting.stderr b/tests/ui/lint/reference_casting.stderr
index 7ff9b76a85e..c1589f13835 100644
--- a/tests/ui/lint/reference_casting.stderr
+++ b/tests/ui/lint/reference_casting.stderr
@@ -131,7 +131,17 @@ LL |     *std::mem::transmute::<_, *mut i32>(num) += 1;
    |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 error: assigning to `&T` is undefined behavior, consider using an `UnsafeCell`
-  --> $DIR/reference_casting.rs:76:5
+  --> $DIR/reference_casting.rs:74:5
+   |
+LL | /     std::ptr::write(
+LL | |
+LL | |         std::mem::transmute::<*const i32, *mut i32>(num),
+LL | |         -1i32,
+LL | |     );
+   | |_____^
+
+error: assigning to `&T` is undefined behavior, consider using an `UnsafeCell`
+  --> $DIR/reference_casting.rs:81:5
    |
 LL |     let value = num as *const i32 as *mut i32;
    |                 ----------------------------- casting happend here
@@ -139,22 +149,49 @@ LL |     *value = 1;
    |     ^^^^^^^^^^
 
 error: assigning to `&T` is undefined behavior, consider using an `UnsafeCell`
-  --> $DIR/reference_casting.rs:78:5
+  --> $DIR/reference_casting.rs:83:5
    |
 LL |     *(num as *const i32).cast::<i32>().cast_mut() = 2;
    |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 error: assigning to `&T` is undefined behavior, consider using an `UnsafeCell`
-  --> $DIR/reference_casting.rs:80:5
+  --> $DIR/reference_casting.rs:85:5
    |
 LL |     *(num as *const _ as usize as *mut i32) = 2;
    |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
 error: assigning to `&T` is undefined behavior, consider using an `UnsafeCell`
-  --> $DIR/reference_casting.rs:84:9
+  --> $DIR/reference_casting.rs:87:5
+   |
+LL |     let value = num as *const i32 as *mut i32;
+   |                 ----------------------------- casting happend here
+...
+LL |     std::ptr::write(value, 2);
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+error: assigning to `&T` is undefined behavior, consider using an `UnsafeCell`
+  --> $DIR/reference_casting.rs:89:5
+   |
+LL |     let value = num as *const i32 as *mut i32;
+   |                 ----------------------------- casting happend here
+...
+LL |     std::ptr::write_unaligned(value, 2);
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+error: assigning to `&T` is undefined behavior, consider using an `UnsafeCell`
+  --> $DIR/reference_casting.rs:91:5
+   |
+LL |     let value = num as *const i32 as *mut i32;
+   |                 ----------------------------- casting happend here
+...
+LL |     std::ptr::write_volatile(value, 2);
+   |     ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+error: assigning to `&T` is undefined behavior, consider using an `UnsafeCell`
+  --> $DIR/reference_casting.rs:95:9
    |
 LL |         *(this as *const _ as *mut _) = a;
    |         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 
-error: aborting due to 25 previous errors
+error: aborting due to 29 previous errors