Rollup merge of #130555 - hegza:rv32e, r=workingjubilee

 Initial support for riscv32{e|em|emc}_unknown_none_elf

We have a research prototype of an RV32EMC target and have been successfully running the e, em, emc programs on it. I'm hoping upstreaming this configuration would make the target maintenance slightly easier.

Configuration is based on the respective {i, im, imc} variants. As defined in RISC-V Unprivileged Spec. 20191213, the only change in RVE wrt. RVI is to reduce the number of integer registers to 16 (x0-x15), which also implies

- 2 callee saved registers instead of 12
- 32-bit / 4-byte stack alignment instead of 128 bits / 16 bytes

My initial presumption is that this will not impact how the target is defined for the compiler but only becomes relevant at the runtime level. I am willing to investigate, though.

EDIT: LLVM is now told about the presumed 32-bit stack alignment.

`@Disasm` `@romancardenas`

13 files changed, 825 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/mod.rs
index 18ec8ee9476..82e11a3afce 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/mod.rs
@@ -1841,6 +1841,10 @@ supported_targets! {
     ("riscv32imac-esp-espidf", riscv32imac_esp_espidf),
     ("riscv32imafc-esp-espidf", riscv32imafc_esp_espidf),
 
+    ("riscv32e-unknown-none-elf", riscv32e_unknown_none_elf),
+    ("riscv32em-unknown-none-elf", riscv32em_unknown_none_elf),
+    ("riscv32emc-unknown-none-elf", riscv32emc_unknown_none_elf),
+
     ("riscv32imac-unknown-none-elf", riscv32imac_unknown_none_elf),
     ("riscv32imafc-unknown-none-elf", riscv32imafc_unknown_none_elf),
     ("riscv32imac-unknown-xous-elf", riscv32imac_unknown_xous_elf),
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/riscv32e_unknown_none_elf.rs b/compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/riscv32e_unknown_none_elf.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b1f52973c10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/riscv32e_unknown_none_elf.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+use crate::spec::{Cc, LinkerFlavor, Lld, PanicStrategy, RelocModel, Target, TargetOptions};
+
+pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
+    Target {
+        // The below `data_layout` is explicitly specified by the ilp32e ABI in LLVM. See also
+        // `options.llvm_abiname`.
+        data_layout: "e-m:e-p:32:32-i64:64-n32-S32".into(),
+        llvm_target: "riscv32".into(),
+        metadata: crate::spec::TargetMetadata {
+            description: Some("Bare RISC-V (RV32E ISA)".into()),
+            tier: Some(3),
+            host_tools: Some(false),
+            std: Some(false),
+        },
+        pointer_width: 32,
+        arch: "riscv32".into(),
+
+        options: TargetOptions {
+            linker_flavor: LinkerFlavor::Gnu(Cc::No, Lld::Yes),
+            linker: Some("rust-lld".into()),
+            cpu: "generic-rv32".into(),
+            // The ilp32e ABI specifies the `data_layout`
+            llvm_abiname: "ilp32e".into(),
+            max_atomic_width: Some(32),
+            atomic_cas: false,
+            features: "+e,+forced-atomics".into(),
+            panic_strategy: PanicStrategy::Abort,
+            relocation_model: RelocModel::Static,
+            emit_debug_gdb_scripts: false,
+            eh_frame_header: false,
+            ..Default::default()
+        },
+    }
+}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/riscv32em_unknown_none_elf.rs b/compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/riscv32em_unknown_none_elf.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..feeaa48778d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/riscv32em_unknown_none_elf.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+use crate::spec::{Cc, LinkerFlavor, Lld, PanicStrategy, RelocModel, Target, TargetOptions};
+
+pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
+    Target {
+        // The below `data_layout` is explicitly specified by the ilp32e ABI in LLVM. See also
+        // `options.llvm_abiname`.
+        data_layout: "e-m:e-p:32:32-i64:64-n32-S32".into(),
+        llvm_target: "riscv32".into(),
+        metadata: crate::spec::TargetMetadata {
+            description: Some("Bare RISC-V (RV32EM ISA)".into()),
+            tier: Some(3),
+            host_tools: Some(false),
+            std: Some(false),
+        },
+        pointer_width: 32,
+        arch: "riscv32".into(),
+
+        options: TargetOptions {
+            linker_flavor: LinkerFlavor::Gnu(Cc::No, Lld::Yes),
+            linker: Some("rust-lld".into()),
+            cpu: "generic-rv32".into(),
+            // The ilp32e ABI specifies the `data_layout`
+            llvm_abiname: "ilp32e".into(),
+            max_atomic_width: Some(32),
+            atomic_cas: false,
+            features: "+e,+m,+forced-atomics".into(),
+            panic_strategy: PanicStrategy::Abort,
+            relocation_model: RelocModel::Static,
+            emit_debug_gdb_scripts: false,
+            eh_frame_header: false,
+            ..Default::default()
+        },
+    }
+}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/riscv32emc_unknown_none_elf.rs b/compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/riscv32emc_unknown_none_elf.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..45d73c13233
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/riscv32emc_unknown_none_elf.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+use crate::spec::{Cc, LinkerFlavor, Lld, PanicStrategy, RelocModel, Target, TargetOptions};
+
+pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
+    Target {
+        // The below `data_layout` is explicitly specified by the ilp32e ABI in LLVM. See also
+        // `options.llvm_abiname`.
+        data_layout: "e-m:e-p:32:32-i64:64-n32-S32".into(),
+        llvm_target: "riscv32".into(),
+        metadata: crate::spec::TargetMetadata {
+            description: Some("Bare RISC-V (RV32EMC ISA)".into()),
+            tier: Some(3),
+            host_tools: Some(false),
+            std: Some(false),
+        },
+        pointer_width: 32,
+        arch: "riscv32".into(),
+
+        options: TargetOptions {
+            linker_flavor: LinkerFlavor::Gnu(Cc::No, Lld::Yes),
+            linker: Some("rust-lld".into()),
+            cpu: "generic-rv32".into(),
+            // The ilp32e ABI specifies the `data_layout`
+            llvm_abiname: "ilp32e".into(),
+            max_atomic_width: Some(32),
+            atomic_cas: false,
+            features: "+e,+m,+c,+forced-atomics".into(),
+            panic_strategy: PanicStrategy::Abort,
+            relocation_model: RelocModel::Static,
+            emit_debug_gdb_scripts: false,
+            eh_frame_header: false,
+            ..Default::default()
+        },
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/sanity.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/sanity.rs
index 888ba8e2a3f..11260f87d00 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/sanity.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/sanity.rs
@@ -37,6 +37,9 @@ pub struct Finder {
 const STAGE0_MISSING_TARGETS: &[&str] = &[
     // just a dummy comment so the list doesn't get onelined
     "armv7-rtems-eabihf",
+    "riscv32e-unknown-none-elf",
+    "riscv32em-unknown-none-elf",
+    "riscv32emc-unknown-none-elf",
 ];
 
 /// Minimum version threshold for libstdc++ required when using prebuilt LLVM
diff --git a/src/doc/rustc/src/platform-support.md b/src/doc/rustc/src/platform-support.md
index 9d2efc0f6de..0ef95ba64a1 100644
--- a/src/doc/rustc/src/platform-support.md
+++ b/src/doc/rustc/src/platform-support.md
@@ -413,5 +413,8 @@ target | std | host | notes
 [`riscv32imafc-unknown-nuttx-elf`](platform-support/nuttx.md) | * |  | RISC-V 32bit with NuttX
 [`riscv64imac-unknown-nuttx-elf`](platform-support/nuttx.md) | * |  | RISC-V 64bit with NuttX
 [`riscv64gc-unknown-nuttx-elf`](platform-support/nuttx.md) | * |  | RISC-V 64bit with NuttX
+[`riscv32e-unknown-none-elf`](platform-support/riscv32-unknown-none-elf.md) | * |  | Bare RISC-V (RV32E ISA)
+[`riscv32em-unknown-none-elf`](platform-support/riscv32-unknown-none-elf.md) | * |  | Bare RISC-V (RV32EM ISA)
+[`riscv32emc-unknown-none-elf`](platform-support/riscv32-unknown-none-elf.md) | * |  | Bare RISC-V (RV32EMC ISA)
 
 [runs on NVIDIA GPUs]: https://github.com/japaric-archived/nvptx#targets
diff --git a/src/doc/rustc/src/platform-support/riscv32-unknown-none-elf.md b/src/doc/rustc/src/platform-support/riscv32-unknown-none-elf.md
index 9a27a568b57..38742143c4b 100644
--- a/src/doc/rustc/src/platform-support/riscv32-unknown-none-elf.md
+++ b/src/doc/rustc/src/platform-support/riscv32-unknown-none-elf.md
@@ -35,4 +35,4 @@ Rust test-suite on this target.
 ## Cross-compilation toolchains and C code
 
 This target supports C code. If interlinking with C or C++, you may need to use
-`riscv64-unknown-elf-gcc` as a linker instead of `rust-lld`.
+`riscv32-unknown-elf-gcc` as a linker instead of `rust-lld`.
diff --git a/src/doc/rustc/src/platform-support/riscv32e-unknown-none-elf.md b/src/doc/rustc/src/platform-support/riscv32e-unknown-none-elf.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..69f08774f83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/doc/rustc/src/platform-support/riscv32e-unknown-none-elf.md
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# `riscv32{e,em,emc}-unknown-none-elf`
+
+**Tier: 3**
+
+Bare-metal target for RISC-V CPUs with the RV32E, RV32EM and RV32EMC ISAs.
+
+## Target maintainers
+
+* Henri Lunnikivi, <henri.lunnikivi@gmail.com>, [@hegza](https://github.com/hegza)
+
+## Requirements
+
+The target is cross-compiled, and uses static linking. No external toolchain is
+required and the default `rust-lld` linker works, but you must specify a linker
+script.
+
+## Building the target
+
+This target is included in Rust and can be installed via `rustup`.
+
+## Testing
+
+This is a cross-compiled `no-std` target, which must be run either in a
+simulator or by programming them onto suitable hardware. It is not possible to
+run the Rust test-suite on this target.
+
+## Cross-compilation toolchains and C code
+
+This target supports C code. If interlinking with C or C++, you may need to use
+`riscv32-unknown-elf-gcc` as a linker instead of `rust-lld`.
diff --git a/tests/assembly/targets/targets-elf.rs b/tests/assembly/targets/targets-elf.rs
index e08e6a8b174..f26d06a0ecb 100644
--- a/tests/assembly/targets/targets-elf.rs
+++ b/tests/assembly/targets/targets-elf.rs
@@ -375,6 +375,15 @@
 //@ revisions: riscv32_wrs_vxworks
 //@ [riscv32_wrs_vxworks] compile-flags: --target riscv32-wrs-vxworks
 //@ [riscv32_wrs_vxworks] needs-llvm-components: riscv
+//@ revisions: riscv32e_unknown_none_elf
+//@ [riscv32e_unknown_none_elf] compile-flags: --target riscv32e-unknown-none-elf
+//@ [riscv32e_unknown_none_elf] needs-llvm-components: riscv
+//@ revisions: riscv32em_unknown_none_elf
+//@ [riscv32em_unknown_none_elf] compile-flags: --target riscv32em-unknown-none-elf
+//@ [riscv32em_unknown_none_elf] needs-llvm-components: riscv
+//@ revisions: riscv32emc_unknown_none_elf
+//@ [riscv32emc_unknown_none_elf] compile-flags: --target riscv32emc-unknown-none-elf
+//@ [riscv32emc_unknown_none_elf] needs-llvm-components: riscv
 //@ revisions: riscv32gc_unknown_linux_gnu
 //@ [riscv32gc_unknown_linux_gnu] compile-flags: --target riscv32gc-unknown-linux-gnu
 //@ [riscv32gc_unknown_linux_gnu] needs-llvm-components: riscv
diff --git a/tests/ui/abi/riscv32e-registers.riscv32e.stderr b/tests/ui/abi/riscv32e-registers.riscv32e.stderr
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e3894431eb4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/ui/abi/riscv32e-registers.riscv32e.stderr
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:43:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x16, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x16, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:46:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x17, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x17, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:49:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x18, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x18, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:52:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x19, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x19, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:55:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x20, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x20, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:58:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x21, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x21, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:61:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x22, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x22, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:64:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x23, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x23, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:67:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x24, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x24, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:70:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x25, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x25, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:73:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x26, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x26, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:76:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x27, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x27, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:79:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x28, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x28, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:82:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x29, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x29, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:85:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x30, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x30, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:88:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x31, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x31, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: aborting due to 16 previous errors
+
diff --git a/tests/ui/abi/riscv32e-registers.riscv32em.stderr b/tests/ui/abi/riscv32e-registers.riscv32em.stderr
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e3894431eb4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/ui/abi/riscv32e-registers.riscv32em.stderr
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:43:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x16, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x16, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:46:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x17, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x17, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:49:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x18, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x18, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:52:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x19, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x19, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:55:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x20, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x20, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:58:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x21, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x21, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:61:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x22, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x22, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:64:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x23, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x23, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:67:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x24, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x24, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:70:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x25, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x25, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:73:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x26, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x26, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:76:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x27, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x27, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:79:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x28, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x28, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:82:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x29, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x29, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:85:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x30, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x30, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:88:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x31, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x31, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: aborting due to 16 previous errors
+
diff --git a/tests/ui/abi/riscv32e-registers.riscv32emc.stderr b/tests/ui/abi/riscv32e-registers.riscv32emc.stderr
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e3894431eb4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/ui/abi/riscv32e-registers.riscv32emc.stderr
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:43:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x16, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x16, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:46:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x17, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x17, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:49:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x18, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x18, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:52:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x19, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x19, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:55:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x20, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x20, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:58:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x21, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x21, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:61:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x22, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x22, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:64:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x23, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x23, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:67:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x24, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x24, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:70:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x25, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x25, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:73:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x26, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x26, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:76:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x27, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x27, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:79:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x28, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x28, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:82:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x29, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x29, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:85:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x30, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x30, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: invalid operand for instruction
+  --> $DIR/riscv32e-registers.rs:88:11
+   |
+LL |     asm!("li x31, 0");
+   |           ^
+   |
+note: instantiated into assembly here
+  --> <inline asm>:1:5
+   |
+LL |     li x31, 0
+   |        ^
+
+error: aborting due to 16 previous errors
+
diff --git a/tests/ui/abi/riscv32e-registers.rs b/tests/ui/abi/riscv32e-registers.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..714b0ee4633
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/ui/abi/riscv32e-registers.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+// Test that loads into registers x16..=x31 are never generated for riscv32{e,em,emc} targets
+//
+//@ build-fail
+//@ revisions: riscv32e riscv32em riscv32emc
+//
+//@ compile-flags: --crate-type=rlib
+//@ [riscv32e] needs-llvm-components: riscv
+//@ [riscv32e] compile-flags: --target=riscv32e-unknown-none-elf
+//@ [riscv32em] needs-llvm-components: riscv
+//@ [riscv32em] compile-flags: --target=riscv32em-unknown-none-elf
+//@ [riscv32emc] needs-llvm-components: riscv
+//@ [riscv32emc] compile-flags: --target=riscv32emc-unknown-none-elf
+
+#![no_core]
+#![feature(no_core, lang_items, rustc_attrs)]
+
+#[rustc_builtin_macro]
+macro_rules! asm {
+    () => {};
+}
+
+#[lang = "sized"]
+trait Sized {}
+
+// Verify registers x1..=x15 are addressable on riscv32e, but registers x16..=x31 are not
+#[no_mangle]
+pub unsafe fn registers() {
+    asm!("li x1, 0");
+    asm!("li x2, 0");
+    asm!("li x3, 0");
+    asm!("li x4, 0");
+    asm!("li x5, 0");
+    asm!("li x6, 0");
+    asm!("li x7, 0");
+    asm!("li x8, 0");
+    asm!("li x9, 0");
+    asm!("li x10, 0");
+    asm!("li x11, 0");
+    asm!("li x12, 0");
+    asm!("li x13, 0");
+    asm!("li x14, 0");
+    asm!("li x15, 0");
+    asm!("li x16, 0");
+    //~^ ERROR invalid operand for instruction
+    //~| NOTE instantiated into assembly here
+    asm!("li x17, 0");
+    //~^ ERROR invalid operand for instruction
+    //~| NOTE instantiated into assembly here
+    asm!("li x18, 0");
+    //~^ ERROR invalid operand for instruction
+    //~| NOTE instantiated into assembly here
+    asm!("li x19, 0");
+    //~^ ERROR invalid operand for instruction
+    //~| NOTE instantiated into assembly here
+    asm!("li x20, 0");
+    //~^ ERROR invalid operand for instruction
+    //~| NOTE instantiated into assembly here
+    asm!("li x21, 0");
+    //~^ ERROR invalid operand for instruction
+    //~| NOTE instantiated into assembly here
+    asm!("li x22, 0");
+    //~^ ERROR invalid operand for instruction
+    //~| NOTE instantiated into assembly here
+    asm!("li x23, 0");
+    //~^ ERROR invalid operand for instruction
+    //~| NOTE instantiated into assembly here
+    asm!("li x24, 0");
+    //~^ ERROR invalid operand for instruction
+    //~| NOTE instantiated into assembly here
+    asm!("li x25, 0");
+    //~^ ERROR invalid operand for instruction
+    //~| NOTE instantiated into assembly here
+    asm!("li x26, 0");
+    //~^ ERROR invalid operand for instruction
+    //~| NOTE instantiated into assembly here
+    asm!("li x27, 0");
+    //~^ ERROR invalid operand for instruction
+    //~| NOTE instantiated into assembly here
+    asm!("li x28, 0");
+    //~^ ERROR invalid operand for instruction
+    //~| NOTE instantiated into assembly here
+    asm!("li x29, 0");
+    //~^ ERROR invalid operand for instruction
+    //~| NOTE instantiated into assembly here
+    asm!("li x30, 0");
+    //~^ ERROR invalid operand for instruction
+    //~| NOTE instantiated into assembly here
+    asm!("li x31, 0");
+    //~^ ERROR invalid operand for instruction
+    //~| NOTE instantiated into assembly here
+}