Auto merge of #131326 - dingxiangfei2009:issue-130836-attempt-2, r=nikomatsakis

Reduce false positives of tail-expr-drop-order from consumed values (attempt #2)

r? `@nikomatsakis`

Tracked by #123739.

Related to #129864 but not replacing, yet.

Related to #130836.

This is an implementation of the approach suggested in the [Zulip stream](https://rust-lang.zulipchat.com/#narrow/stream/213817-t-lang/topic/temporary.20drop.20order.20changes). A new MIR statement `BackwardsIncompatibleDrop` is added to the MIR syntax. The lint now works by inspecting possibly live move paths before at the `BackwardsIncompatibleDrop` location and the actual drop under the current edition, which should be one before Edition 2024 in practice.

13 files changed, 759 insertions, 5 deletions

diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/messages.ftl b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/messages.ftl
index 9bbfae17fd9..d00bfc66a6a 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/messages.ftl
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/messages.ftl
@@ -25,6 +25,31 @@ mir_transform_must_not_suspend = {$pre}`{$def_path}`{$post} held across a suspen
     .help = consider using a block (`{"{ ... }"}`) to shrink the value's scope, ending before the suspend point
 mir_transform_operation_will_panic = this operation will panic at runtime
 
+mir_transform_tail_expr_drop_order = relative drop order changing in Rust 2024
+    .temporaries = in Rust 2024, this temporary value will be dropped first
+    .observers = in Rust 2024, this local variable or temporary value will be dropped second
+    .note_dtors =
+        dropping the temporary value runs this custom `Drop` impl, which we could not prove to be side-effect free
+    .note_observer_dtors =
+        dropping the local runs this custom `Drop` impl, which we could not prove to be side-effect free
+    .drop_location =
+        now the temporary value is dropped here, before the local variables in the block or statement
+    .note_epilogue = most of the time, changing drop order is harmless; inspect the `impl Drop`s for side effects like releasing locks or sending messages
+    .label_local_epilogue = {$is_dropped_first_edition_2024 ->
+        [true] up until Edition 2021 `{$name}` is dropped last but will be dropped earlier in Edition 2024
+        *[false] `{$name}` will be dropped later as of Edition 2024
+    }
+
+mir_transform_tail_expr_dtor = {$dtor_kind ->
+    [dyn] `{$name}` may invoke a custom destructor because it contains a trait object
+    *[concrete] `{$name}` invokes this custom destructor
+    }
+
+mir_transform_tail_expr_local = {$is_generated_name ->
+        [true] this value will be stored in a temporary; let us call it `{$name}`
+        *[false] `{$name}` calls a custom destructor
+    }
+
 mir_transform_unaligned_packed_ref = reference to packed field is unaligned
     .note = packed structs are only aligned by one byte, and many modern architectures penalize unaligned field accesses
     .note_ub = creating a misaligned reference is undefined behavior (even if that reference is never dereferenced)
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/coroutine.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/coroutine.rs
index d38a1dd11dc..8295a806d71 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/coroutine.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/coroutine.rs
@@ -1772,6 +1772,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for EnsureCoroutineFieldAssignmentsNeverAlias<'_> {
             | StatementKind::Coverage(..)
             | StatementKind::Intrinsic(..)
             | StatementKind::ConstEvalCounter
+            | StatementKind::BackwardIncompatibleDropHint { .. }
             | StatementKind::Nop => {}
         }
     }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/coverage/spans/from_mir.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/coverage/spans/from_mir.rs
index 875db23ce09..824d657e1fc 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/coverage/spans/from_mir.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/coverage/spans/from_mir.rs
@@ -97,6 +97,7 @@ fn filtered_statement_span(statement: &Statement<'_>) -> Option<Span> {
         StatementKind::StorageLive(_)
         | StatementKind::StorageDead(_)
         | StatementKind::ConstEvalCounter
+        | StatementKind::BackwardIncompatibleDropHint { .. }
         | StatementKind::Nop => None,
 
         // FIXME(#78546): MIR InstrumentCoverage - Can the source_info.span for `FakeRead`
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/dataflow_const_prop.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/dataflow_const_prop.rs
index 26480be29f3..d017202f48b 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/dataflow_const_prop.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/dataflow_const_prop.rs
@@ -186,7 +186,8 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> ConstAnalysis<'a, 'tcx> {
             | StatementKind::FakeRead(..)
             | StatementKind::PlaceMention(..)
             | StatementKind::Coverage(..)
-            | StatementKind::AscribeUserType(..) => (),
+            | StatementKind::BackwardIncompatibleDropHint { .. }
+            | StatementKind::AscribeUserType(..) => {}
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/dead_store_elimination.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/dead_store_elimination.rs
index 2898f82e25c..0c75cdadc92 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/dead_store_elimination.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/dead_store_elimination.rs
@@ -99,7 +99,8 @@ fn eliminate<'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, body: &mut Body<'tcx>) {
                 | StatementKind::Intrinsic(_)
                 | StatementKind::ConstEvalCounter
                 | StatementKind::PlaceMention(_)
-                | StatementKind::Nop => (),
+                | StatementKind::BackwardIncompatibleDropHint { .. }
+                | StatementKind::Nop => {}
 
                 StatementKind::FakeRead(_) | StatementKind::AscribeUserType(_, _) => {
                     bug!("{:?} not found in this MIR phase!", statement.kind)
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/dest_prop.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/dest_prop.rs
index beeab0d4a66..9c74b2f0839 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/dest_prop.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/dest_prop.rs
@@ -581,7 +581,7 @@ impl WriteInfo {
                     | Rvalue::RawPtr(_, _)
                     | Rvalue::Len(_)
                     | Rvalue::Discriminant(_)
-                    | Rvalue::CopyForDeref(_) => (),
+                    | Rvalue::CopyForDeref(_) => {}
                 }
             }
             // Retags are technically also reads, but reporting them as a write suffices
@@ -596,7 +596,8 @@ impl WriteInfo {
             | StatementKind::Coverage(_)
             | StatementKind::StorageLive(_)
             | StatementKind::StorageDead(_)
-            | StatementKind::PlaceMention(_) => (),
+            | StatementKind::BackwardIncompatibleDropHint { .. }
+            | StatementKind::PlaceMention(_) => {}
             StatementKind::FakeRead(_) | StatementKind::AscribeUserType(_, _) => {
                 bug!("{:?} not found in this MIR phase", statement)
             }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/jump_threading.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/jump_threading.rs
index 5c2c36db0f7..beed007589b 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/jump_threading.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/jump_threading.rs
@@ -352,6 +352,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> TOFinder<'a, 'tcx> {
             | StatementKind::FakeRead(..)
             | StatementKind::ConstEvalCounter
             | StatementKind::PlaceMention(..)
+            | StatementKind::BackwardIncompatibleDropHint { .. }
             | StatementKind::Nop => None,
         }
     }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/lib.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/lib.rs
index 5651bf469d5..bfb842e4485 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/lib.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/lib.rs
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ mod deduce_param_attrs;
 mod errors;
 mod ffi_unwind_calls;
 mod lint;
+mod lint_tail_expr_drop_order;
 mod shim;
 mod ssa;
 
@@ -490,6 +491,7 @@ fn mir_drops_elaborated_and_const_checked(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, def: LocalDefId) -> &
     }
 
     let (body, _) = tcx.mir_promoted(def);
+    lint_tail_expr_drop_order::run_lint(tcx, def, &body.borrow());
     let mut body = body.steal();
 
     if let Some(error_reported) = tainted_by_errors {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/lint_tail_expr_drop_order.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/lint_tail_expr_drop_order.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b8502fcbafb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/lint_tail_expr_drop_order.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,701 @@
+use std::cell::RefCell;
+use std::collections::hash_map;
+use std::rc::Rc;
+
+use rustc_data_structures::fx::{FxHashMap, FxHashSet};
+use rustc_data_structures::unord::{UnordMap, UnordSet};
+use rustc_errors::Subdiagnostic;
+use rustc_hir::CRATE_HIR_ID;
+use rustc_hir::def_id::{DefId, LocalDefId};
+use rustc_index::bit_set::ChunkedBitSet;
+use rustc_index::{IndexSlice, IndexVec};
+use rustc_macros::{LintDiagnostic, Subdiagnostic};
+use rustc_middle::bug;
+use rustc_middle::mir::{
+    self, BasicBlock, Body, ClearCrossCrate, Local, Location, Place, StatementKind, TerminatorKind,
+    dump_mir,
+};
+use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Ty, TyCtxt};
+use rustc_mir_dataflow::impls::MaybeInitializedPlaces;
+use rustc_mir_dataflow::move_paths::{LookupResult, MoveData, MovePathIndex};
+use rustc_mir_dataflow::{Analysis, MaybeReachable, ResultsCursor};
+use rustc_session::lint::builtin::TAIL_EXPR_DROP_ORDER;
+use rustc_session::lint::{self};
+use rustc_span::{DUMMY_SP, Span, Symbol};
+use rustc_type_ir::data_structures::IndexMap;
+use smallvec::{SmallVec, smallvec};
+use tracing::{debug, instrument};
+
+fn place_has_common_prefix<'tcx>(left: &Place<'tcx>, right: &Place<'tcx>) -> bool {
+    left.local == right.local
+        && left.projection.iter().zip(right.projection).all(|(left, right)| left == right)
+}
+
+/// Cache entry of `drop` at a `BasicBlock`
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+enum MovePathIndexAtBlock {
+    /// We know nothing yet
+    Unknown,
+    /// We know that the `drop` here has no effect
+    None,
+    /// We know that the `drop` here will invoke a destructor
+    Some(MovePathIndex),
+}
+
+struct DropsReachable<'a, 'mir, 'tcx> {
+    body: &'a Body<'tcx>,
+    place: &'a Place<'tcx>,
+    drop_span: &'a mut Option<Span>,
+    move_data: &'a MoveData<'tcx>,
+    maybe_init: &'a mut ResultsCursor<'mir, 'tcx, MaybeInitializedPlaces<'mir, 'tcx>>,
+    block_drop_value_info: &'a mut IndexSlice<BasicBlock, MovePathIndexAtBlock>,
+    collected_drops: &'a mut ChunkedBitSet<MovePathIndex>,
+    visited: FxHashMap<BasicBlock, Rc<RefCell<ChunkedBitSet<MovePathIndex>>>>,
+}
+
+impl<'a, 'mir, 'tcx> DropsReachable<'a, 'mir, 'tcx> {
+    fn visit(&mut self, block: BasicBlock) {
+        let move_set_size = self.move_data.move_paths.len();
+        let make_new_path_set = || Rc::new(RefCell::new(ChunkedBitSet::new_empty(move_set_size)));
+
+        let data = &self.body.basic_blocks[block];
+        let Some(terminator) = &data.terminator else { return };
+        // Given that we observe these dropped locals here at `block` so far,
+        // we will try to update the successor blocks.
+        // An occupied entry at `block` in `self.visited` signals that we have visited `block` before.
+        let dropped_local_here =
+            Rc::clone(self.visited.entry(block).or_insert_with(make_new_path_set));
+        // We could have invoked reverse lookup for a `MovePathIndex` every time, but unfortunately it is expensive.
+        // Let's cache them in `self.block_drop_value_info`.
+        match self.block_drop_value_info[block] {
+            MovePathIndexAtBlock::Some(dropped) => {
+                dropped_local_here.borrow_mut().insert(dropped);
+            }
+            MovePathIndexAtBlock::Unknown => {
+                if let TerminatorKind::Drop { place, .. } = &terminator.kind
+                    && let LookupResult::Exact(idx) | LookupResult::Parent(Some(idx)) =
+                        self.move_data.rev_lookup.find(place.as_ref())
+                {
+                    // Since we are working with MIRs at a very early stage,
+                    // observing a `drop` terminator is not indicative enough that
+                    // the drop will definitely happen.
+                    // That is decided in the drop elaboration pass instead.
+                    // Therefore, we need to consult with the maybe-initialization information.
+                    self.maybe_init.seek_before_primary_effect(Location {
+                        block,
+                        statement_index: data.statements.len(),
+                    });
+
+                    // Check if the drop of `place` under inspection is really in effect.
+                    // This is true only when `place` may have been initialized along a control flow path from a BID to the drop program point today.
+                    // In other words, this is where the drop of `place` will happen in the future instead.
+                    if let MaybeReachable::Reachable(maybe_init) = self.maybe_init.get()
+                        && maybe_init.contains(idx)
+                    {
+                        // We also cache the drop information, so that we do not need to check on data-flow cursor again
+                        self.block_drop_value_info[block] = MovePathIndexAtBlock::Some(idx);
+                        dropped_local_here.borrow_mut().insert(idx);
+                    } else {
+                        self.block_drop_value_info[block] = MovePathIndexAtBlock::None;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            MovePathIndexAtBlock::None => {}
+        }
+
+        for succ in terminator.successors() {
+            let target = &self.body.basic_blocks[succ];
+            if target.is_cleanup {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            // As long as we are passing through a new block, or new dropped places to propagate,
+            // we will proceed with `succ`
+            let dropped_local_there = match self.visited.entry(succ) {
+                hash_map::Entry::Occupied(occupied_entry) => {
+                    if succ == block
+                        || !occupied_entry.get().borrow_mut().union(&*dropped_local_here.borrow())
+                    {
+                        // `succ` has been visited but no new drops observed so far,
+                        // so we can bail on `succ` until new drop information arrives
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    Rc::clone(occupied_entry.get())
+                }
+                hash_map::Entry::Vacant(vacant_entry) => Rc::clone(
+                    vacant_entry.insert(Rc::new(RefCell::new(dropped_local_here.borrow().clone()))),
+                ),
+            };
+            if let Some(terminator) = &target.terminator
+                && let TerminatorKind::Drop {
+                    place: dropped_place,
+                    target: _,
+                    unwind: _,
+                    replace: _,
+                } = &terminator.kind
+                && place_has_common_prefix(dropped_place, self.place)
+            {
+                // We have now reached the current drop of the `place`.
+                // Let's check the observed dropped places in.
+                self.collected_drops.union(&*dropped_local_there.borrow());
+                if self.drop_span.is_none() {
+                    // FIXME(@dingxiangfei2009): it turns out that `self.body.source_scopes` are still a bit wonky.
+                    // There is a high chance that this span still points to a block rather than a statement semicolon.
+                    *self.drop_span = Some(terminator.source_info.span);
+                }
+                // Now we have discovered a simple control flow path from a future drop point
+                // to the current drop point.
+                // We will not continue from there.
+            } else {
+                self.visit(succ)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// An additional filter to exclude well-known types from the ecosystem
+/// because their drops are trivial.
+/// This returns additional types to check if the drops are delegated to those.
+/// A typical example is `hashbrown::HashMap<K, V>`, whose drop is delegated to `K` and `V`.
+fn true_significant_drop_ty<'tcx>(
+    tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
+    ty: Ty<'tcx>,
+) -> Option<SmallVec<[Ty<'tcx>; 2]>> {
+    if let ty::Adt(def, args) = ty.kind() {
+        let mut did = def.did();
+        let mut name_rev = vec![];
+        loop {
+            let key = tcx.def_key(did);
+
+            match key.disambiguated_data.data {
+                rustc_hir::definitions::DefPathData::CrateRoot => {
+                    name_rev.push(tcx.crate_name(did.krate))
+                }
+                rustc_hir::definitions::DefPathData::TypeNs(symbol) => name_rev.push(symbol),
+                _ => return None,
+            }
+            if let Some(parent) = key.parent {
+                did = DefId { krate: did.krate, index: parent };
+            } else {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        let name_str: Vec<_> = name_rev.iter().rev().map(|x| x.as_str()).collect();
+        debug!(?name_str);
+        match name_str[..] {
+            // These are the types from Rust core ecosystem
+            ["sym" | "proc_macro2", ..]
+            | ["core" | "std", "task", "LocalWaker" | "Waker"]
+            | ["core" | "std", "task", "wake", "LocalWaker" | "Waker"] => Some(smallvec![]),
+            // These are important types from Rust ecosystem
+            ["tracing", "instrument", "Instrumented"] | ["bytes", "Bytes"] => Some(smallvec![]),
+            ["hashbrown", "raw", "RawTable" | "RawIntoIter"] => {
+                if let [ty, ..] = &***args
+                    && let Some(ty) = ty.as_type()
+                {
+                    Some(smallvec![ty])
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            }
+            ["hashbrown", "raw", "RawDrain"] => {
+                if let [_, ty, ..] = &***args
+                    && let Some(ty) = ty.as_type()
+                {
+                    Some(smallvec![ty])
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    } else {
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+/// Returns the list of types with a "potentially sigificant" that may be dropped
+/// by dropping a value of type `ty`.
+#[instrument(level = "debug", skip(tcx, param_env))]
+fn extract_component_raw<'tcx>(
+    tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
+    param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
+    ty: Ty<'tcx>,
+    ty_seen: &mut UnordSet<Ty<'tcx>>,
+) -> SmallVec<[Ty<'tcx>; 4]> {
+    // Droppiness does not depend on regions, so let us erase them.
+    let ty = tcx
+        .try_normalize_erasing_regions(
+            ty::TypingEnv { param_env, typing_mode: ty::TypingMode::PostAnalysis },
+            ty,
+        )
+        .unwrap_or(ty);
+
+    let tys = tcx.list_significant_drop_tys(param_env.and(ty));
+    debug!(?ty, "components");
+    let mut out_tys = smallvec![];
+    for ty in tys {
+        if let Some(tys) = true_significant_drop_ty(tcx, ty) {
+            // Some types can be further opened up because the drop is simply delegated
+            for ty in tys {
+                if ty_seen.insert(ty) {
+                    out_tys.extend(extract_component_raw(tcx, param_env, ty, ty_seen));
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            if ty_seen.insert(ty) {
+                out_tys.push(ty);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    out_tys
+}
+
+#[instrument(level = "debug", skip(tcx, param_env))]
+fn extract_component_with_significant_dtor<'tcx>(
+    tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
+    param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
+    ty: Ty<'tcx>,
+) -> SmallVec<[Ty<'tcx>; 4]> {
+    let mut tys = extract_component_raw(tcx, param_env, ty, &mut Default::default());
+    let mut deduplicate = FxHashSet::default();
+    tys.retain(|oty| deduplicate.insert(*oty));
+    tys.into_iter().collect()
+}
+
+/// Extract the span of the custom destructor of a type
+/// especially the span of the `impl Drop` header or its entire block
+/// when we are working with current local crate.
+#[instrument(level = "debug", skip(tcx))]
+fn ty_dtor_span<'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> Option<Span> {
+    match ty.kind() {
+        ty::Bool
+        | ty::Char
+        | ty::Int(_)
+        | ty::Uint(_)
+        | ty::Float(_)
+        | ty::Error(_)
+        | ty::Str
+        | ty::Never
+        | ty::RawPtr(_, _)
+        | ty::Ref(_, _, _)
+        | ty::FnPtr(_, _)
+        | ty::Tuple(_)
+        | ty::Dynamic(_, _, _)
+        | ty::Alias(_, _)
+        | ty::Bound(_, _)
+        | ty::Pat(_, _)
+        | ty::Placeholder(_)
+        | ty::Infer(_)
+        | ty::Slice(_)
+        | ty::Array(_, _) => None,
+        ty::Adt(adt_def, _) => {
+            let did = adt_def.did();
+            let try_local_did_span = |did: DefId| {
+                if let Some(local) = did.as_local() {
+                    tcx.source_span(local)
+                } else {
+                    tcx.def_span(did)
+                }
+            };
+            let dtor = if let Some(dtor) = tcx.adt_destructor(did) {
+                dtor.did
+            } else if let Some(dtor) = tcx.adt_async_destructor(did) {
+                dtor.future
+            } else {
+                return Some(try_local_did_span(did));
+            };
+            let def_key = tcx.def_key(dtor);
+            let Some(parent_index) = def_key.parent else { return Some(try_local_did_span(dtor)) };
+            let parent_did = DefId { index: parent_index, krate: dtor.krate };
+            Some(try_local_did_span(parent_did))
+        }
+        ty::Coroutine(did, _)
+        | ty::CoroutineWitness(did, _)
+        | ty::CoroutineClosure(did, _)
+        | ty::Closure(did, _)
+        | ty::FnDef(did, _)
+        | ty::Foreign(did) => Some(tcx.def_span(did)),
+        ty::Param(_) => None,
+    }
+}
+
+/// Check if a moved place at `idx` is a part of a BID.
+/// The use of this check is that we will consider drops on these
+/// as a drop of the overall BID and, thus, we can exclude it from the diagnosis.
+fn place_descendent_of_bids<'tcx>(
+    mut idx: MovePathIndex,
+    move_data: &MoveData<'tcx>,
+    bids: &UnordSet<&Place<'tcx>>,
+) -> bool {
+    loop {
+        let path = &move_data.move_paths[idx];
+        if bids.contains(&path.place) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if let Some(parent) = path.parent {
+            idx = parent;
+        } else {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// The core of the lint `tail-expr-drop-order`
+pub(crate) fn run_lint<'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, def_id: LocalDefId, body: &Body<'tcx>) {
+    if matches!(tcx.def_kind(def_id), rustc_hir::def::DefKind::SyntheticCoroutineBody) {
+        // A synthetic coroutine has no HIR body and it is enough to just analyse the original body
+        return;
+    }
+    if body.span.edition().at_least_rust_2024()
+        || tcx.lints_that_dont_need_to_run(()).contains(&lint::LintId::of(TAIL_EXPR_DROP_ORDER))
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+    // ## About BIDs in blocks ##
+    // Track the set of blocks that contain a backwards-incompatible drop (BID)
+    // and, for each block, the vector of locations.
+    //
+    // We group them per-block because they tend to scheduled in the same drop ladder block.
+    let mut bid_per_block = IndexMap::default();
+    let mut bid_places = UnordSet::new();
+    let param_env = tcx.param_env(def_id).with_reveal_all_normalized(tcx);
+    let mut ty_dropped_components = UnordMap::default();
+    for (block, data) in body.basic_blocks.iter_enumerated() {
+        for (statement_index, stmt) in data.statements.iter().enumerate() {
+            if let StatementKind::BackwardIncompatibleDropHint { place, reason: _ } = &stmt.kind {
+                let ty = place.ty(body, tcx).ty;
+                if ty_dropped_components
+                    .entry(ty)
+                    .or_insert_with(|| extract_component_with_significant_dtor(tcx, param_env, ty))
+                    .is_empty()
+                {
+                    continue;
+                }
+                bid_per_block
+                    .entry(block)
+                    .or_insert(vec![])
+                    .push((Location { block, statement_index }, &**place));
+                bid_places.insert(&**place);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if bid_per_block.is_empty() {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    dump_mir(tcx, false, "lint_tail_expr_drop_order", &0 as _, body, |_, _| Ok(()));
+    let locals_with_user_names = collect_user_names(body);
+    let is_closure_like = tcx.is_closure_like(def_id.to_def_id());
+
+    // Compute the "maybe initialized" information for this body.
+    // When we encounter a DROP of some place P we only care
+    // about the drop if `P` may be initialized.
+    let move_data = MoveData::gather_moves(body, tcx, |_| true);
+    let maybe_init = MaybeInitializedPlaces::new(tcx, body, &move_data);
+    let mut maybe_init = maybe_init.iterate_to_fixpoint(tcx, body, None).into_results_cursor(body);
+    let mut block_drop_value_info =
+        IndexVec::from_elem_n(MovePathIndexAtBlock::Unknown, body.basic_blocks.len());
+    for (&block, candidates) in &bid_per_block {
+        // We will collect drops on locals on paths between BID points to their actual drop locations
+        // into `all_locals_dropped`.
+        let mut all_locals_dropped = ChunkedBitSet::new_empty(move_data.move_paths.len());
+        let mut drop_span = None;
+        for &(_, place) in candidates.iter() {
+            let mut collected_drops = ChunkedBitSet::new_empty(move_data.move_paths.len());
+            // ## On detecting change in relative drop order ##
+            // Iterate through each BID-containing block `block`.
+            // If the place `P` targeted by the BID is "maybe initialized",
+            // then search forward to find the actual `DROP(P)` point.
+            // Everything dropped between the BID and the actual drop point
+            // is something whose relative drop order will change.
+            DropsReachable {
+                body,
+                place,
+                drop_span: &mut drop_span,
+                move_data: &move_data,
+                maybe_init: &mut maybe_init,
+                block_drop_value_info: &mut block_drop_value_info,
+                collected_drops: &mut collected_drops,
+                visited: Default::default(),
+            }
+            .visit(block);
+            // Compute the set `all_locals_dropped` of local variables that are dropped
+            // after the BID point but before the current drop point.
+            //
+            // These are the variables whose drop impls will be reordered with respect
+            // to `place`.
+            all_locals_dropped.union(&collected_drops);
+        }
+
+        // We shall now exclude some local bindings for the following cases.
+        {
+            let mut to_exclude = ChunkedBitSet::new_empty(all_locals_dropped.domain_size());
+            // We will now do subtraction from the candidate dropped locals, because of the following reasons.
+            for path_idx in all_locals_dropped.iter() {
+                let move_path = &move_data.move_paths[path_idx];
+                let dropped_local = move_path.place.local;
+                // a) A return value _0 will eventually be used
+                // Example:
+                // fn f() -> Droppy {
+                //     let _x = Droppy;
+                //     Droppy
+                // }
+                // _0 holds the literal `Droppy` and rightfully `_x` has to be dropped first
+                if dropped_local == Local::ZERO {
+                    debug!(?dropped_local, "skip return value");
+                    to_exclude.insert(path_idx);
+                    continue;
+                }
+                // b) If we are analysing a closure, the captures are still dropped last.
+                // This is part of the closure capture lifetime contract.
+                // They are similar to the return value _0 with respect to lifetime rules.
+                if is_closure_like && matches!(dropped_local, ty::CAPTURE_STRUCT_LOCAL) {
+                    debug!(?dropped_local, "skip closure captures");
+                    to_exclude.insert(path_idx);
+                    continue;
+                }
+                // c) Sometimes we collect places that are projections into the BID locals,
+                // so they are considered dropped now.
+                // Example:
+                // struct NotVeryDroppy(Droppy);
+                // impl Drop for Droppy {..}
+                // fn f() -> NotVeryDroppy {
+                //    let x = NotVeryDroppy(droppy());
+                //    {
+                //        let y: Droppy = x.0;
+                //        NotVeryDroppy(y)
+                //    }
+                // }
+                // `y` takes `x.0`, which invalidates `x` as a complete `NotVeryDroppy`
+                // so there is no point in linting against `x` any more.
+                if place_descendent_of_bids(path_idx, &move_data, &bid_places) {
+                    debug!(?dropped_local, "skip descendent of bids");
+                    to_exclude.insert(path_idx);
+                    continue;
+                }
+                let observer_ty = move_path.place.ty(body, tcx).ty;
+                // d) The collected local has no custom destructor that passes our ecosystem filter.
+                if ty_dropped_components
+                    .entry(observer_ty)
+                    .or_insert_with(|| {
+                        extract_component_with_significant_dtor(tcx, param_env, observer_ty)
+                    })
+                    .is_empty()
+                {
+                    debug!(?dropped_local, "skip non-droppy types");
+                    to_exclude.insert(path_idx);
+                    continue;
+                }
+            }
+            // Suppose that all BIDs point into the same local,
+            // we can remove the this local from the observed drops,
+            // so that we can focus our diagnosis more on the others.
+            if candidates.iter().all(|&(_, place)| candidates[0].1.local == place.local) {
+                for path_idx in all_locals_dropped.iter() {
+                    if move_data.move_paths[path_idx].place.local == candidates[0].1.local {
+                        to_exclude.insert(path_idx);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            all_locals_dropped.subtract(&to_exclude);
+        }
+        if all_locals_dropped.is_empty() {
+            // No drop effect is observable, so let us move on.
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        // ## The final work to assemble the diagnosis ##
+        // First collect or generate fresh names for local variable bindings and temporary values.
+        let local_names = assign_observables_names(
+            all_locals_dropped
+                .iter()
+                .map(|path_idx| move_data.move_paths[path_idx].place.local)
+                .chain(candidates.iter().map(|(_, place)| place.local)),
+            &locals_with_user_names,
+        );
+
+        let mut lint_root = None;
+        let mut local_labels = vec![];
+        // We now collect the types with custom destructors.
+        for &(_, place) in candidates {
+            let linted_local_decl = &body.local_decls[place.local];
+            let Some(&(ref name, is_generated_name)) = local_names.get(&place.local) else {
+                bug!("a name should have been assigned")
+            };
+            let name = name.as_str();
+
+            if lint_root.is_none()
+                && let ClearCrossCrate::Set(data) =
+                    &body.source_scopes[linted_local_decl.source_info.scope].local_data
+            {
+                lint_root = Some(data.lint_root);
+            }
+
+            // Collect spans of the custom destructors.
+            let mut seen_dyn = false;
+            let destructors = ty_dropped_components
+                .get(&linted_local_decl.ty)
+                .unwrap()
+                .iter()
+                .filter_map(|&ty| {
+                    if let Some(span) = ty_dtor_span(tcx, ty) {
+                        Some(DestructorLabel { span, name, dtor_kind: "concrete" })
+                    } else if matches!(ty.kind(), ty::Dynamic(..)) {
+                        if seen_dyn {
+                            None
+                        } else {
+                            seen_dyn = true;
+                            Some(DestructorLabel { span: DUMMY_SP, name, dtor_kind: "dyn" })
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        None
+                    }
+                })
+                .collect();
+            local_labels.push(LocalLabel {
+                span: linted_local_decl.source_info.span,
+                destructors,
+                name,
+                is_generated_name,
+                is_dropped_first_edition_2024: true,
+            });
+        }
+
+        // Similarly, custom destructors of the observed drops.
+        for path_idx in all_locals_dropped.iter() {
+            let place = &move_data.move_paths[path_idx].place;
+            // We are not using the type of the local because the drop may be partial.
+            let observer_ty = place.ty(body, tcx).ty;
+
+            let observer_local_decl = &body.local_decls[place.local];
+            let Some(&(ref name, is_generated_name)) = local_names.get(&place.local) else {
+                bug!("a name should have been assigned")
+            };
+            let name = name.as_str();
+
+            let mut seen_dyn = false;
+            let destructors = extract_component_with_significant_dtor(tcx, param_env, observer_ty)
+                .into_iter()
+                .filter_map(|ty| {
+                    if let Some(span) = ty_dtor_span(tcx, ty) {
+                        Some(DestructorLabel { span, name, dtor_kind: "concrete" })
+                    } else if matches!(ty.kind(), ty::Dynamic(..)) {
+                        if seen_dyn {
+                            None
+                        } else {
+                            seen_dyn = true;
+                            Some(DestructorLabel { span: DUMMY_SP, name, dtor_kind: "dyn" })
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        None
+                    }
+                })
+                .collect();
+            local_labels.push(LocalLabel {
+                span: observer_local_decl.source_info.span,
+                destructors,
+                name,
+                is_generated_name,
+                is_dropped_first_edition_2024: false,
+            });
+        }
+
+        let span = local_labels[0].span;
+        tcx.emit_node_span_lint(
+            lint::builtin::TAIL_EXPR_DROP_ORDER,
+            lint_root.unwrap_or(CRATE_HIR_ID),
+            span,
+            TailExprDropOrderLint { local_labels, drop_span, _epilogue: () },
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+/// Extract binding names if available for diagnosis
+fn collect_user_names(body: &Body<'_>) -> IndexMap<Local, Symbol> {
+    let mut names = IndexMap::default();
+    for var_debug_info in &body.var_debug_info {
+        if let mir::VarDebugInfoContents::Place(place) = &var_debug_info.value
+            && let Some(local) = place.local_or_deref_local()
+        {
+            names.entry(local).or_insert(var_debug_info.name);
+        }
+    }
+    names
+}
+
+/// Assign names for anonymous or temporary values for diagnosis
+fn assign_observables_names(
+    locals: impl IntoIterator<Item = Local>,
+    user_names: &IndexMap<Local, Symbol>,
+) -> IndexMap<Local, (String, bool)> {
+    let mut names = IndexMap::default();
+    let mut assigned_names = FxHashSet::default();
+    let mut idx = 0u64;
+    let mut fresh_name = || {
+        idx += 1;
+        (format!("#{idx}"), true)
+    };
+    for local in locals {
+        let name = if let Some(name) = user_names.get(&local) {
+            let name = name.as_str();
+            if assigned_names.contains(name) { fresh_name() } else { (name.to_owned(), false) }
+        } else {
+            fresh_name()
+        };
+        assigned_names.insert(name.0.clone());
+        names.insert(local, name);
+    }
+    names
+}
+
+#[derive(LintDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(mir_transform_tail_expr_drop_order)]
+struct TailExprDropOrderLint<'a> {
+    #[subdiagnostic]
+    local_labels: Vec<LocalLabel<'a>>,
+    #[label(mir_transform_drop_location)]
+    drop_span: Option<Span>,
+    #[note(mir_transform_note_epilogue)]
+    _epilogue: (),
+}
+
+struct LocalLabel<'a> {
+    span: Span,
+    name: &'a str,
+    is_generated_name: bool,
+    is_dropped_first_edition_2024: bool,
+    destructors: Vec<DestructorLabel<'a>>,
+}
+
+/// A custom `Subdiagnostic` implementation so that the notes are delivered in a specific order
+impl Subdiagnostic for LocalLabel<'_> {
+    fn add_to_diag_with<
+        G: rustc_errors::EmissionGuarantee,
+        F: rustc_errors::SubdiagMessageOp<G>,
+    >(
+        self,
+        diag: &mut rustc_errors::Diag<'_, G>,
+        f: &F,
+    ) {
+        diag.arg("name", self.name);
+        diag.arg("is_generated_name", self.is_generated_name);
+        diag.arg("is_dropped_first_edition_2024", self.is_dropped_first_edition_2024);
+        let msg = f(diag, crate::fluent_generated::mir_transform_tail_expr_local.into());
+        diag.span_label(self.span, msg);
+        for dtor in self.destructors {
+            dtor.add_to_diag_with(diag, f);
+        }
+        let msg = f(diag, crate::fluent_generated::mir_transform_label_local_epilogue.into());
+        diag.span_label(self.span, msg);
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Subdiagnostic)]
+#[note(mir_transform_tail_expr_dtor)]
+struct DestructorLabel<'a> {
+    #[primary_span]
+    span: Span,
+    dtor_kind: &'static str,
+    name: &'a str,
+}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/remove_noop_landing_pads.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/remove_noop_landing_pads.rs
index 55394e93a5c..fd49e956f43 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/remove_noop_landing_pads.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/remove_noop_landing_pads.rs
@@ -92,6 +92,7 @@ impl RemoveNoopLandingPads {
                 | StatementKind::AscribeUserType(..)
                 | StatementKind::Coverage(..)
                 | StatementKind::ConstEvalCounter
+                | StatementKind::BackwardIncompatibleDropHint { .. }
                 | StatementKind::Nop => {
                     // These are all noops in a landing pad
                 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/remove_zsts.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/remove_zsts.rs
index 2f723bccc19..6fd70fbe9b0 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/remove_zsts.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/remove_zsts.rs
@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ impl<'tcx> MutVisitor<'tcx> for Replacer<'_, 'tcx> {
             StatementKind::Coverage(_)
             | StatementKind::Intrinsic(_)
             | StatementKind::Nop
+            | StatementKind::BackwardIncompatibleDropHint { .. }
             | StatementKind::ConstEvalCounter => None,
         };
         if let Some(place_for_ty) = place_for_ty
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/simplify.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/simplify.rs
index 7ed43547e11..4f312ed2aaa 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/simplify.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/simplify.rs
@@ -523,7 +523,8 @@ impl<'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for UsedLocals {
             }
 
             StatementKind::SetDiscriminant { ref place, variant_index: _ }
-            | StatementKind::Deinit(ref place) => {
+            | StatementKind::Deinit(ref place)
+            | StatementKind::BackwardIncompatibleDropHint { ref place, reason: _ } => {
                 self.visit_lhs(place, location);
             }
         }
@@ -560,6 +561,7 @@ fn remove_unused_definitions_helper(used_locals: &mut UsedLocals, body: &mut Bod
                     StatementKind::Assign(box (place, _)) => used_locals.is_used(place.local),
 
                     StatementKind::SetDiscriminant { ref place, .. }
+                    | StatementKind::BackwardIncompatibleDropHint { ref place, reason: _ }
                     | StatementKind::Deinit(ref place) => used_locals.is_used(place.local),
                     StatementKind::Nop => false,
                     _ => true,
@@ -587,6 +589,20 @@ impl<'tcx> MutVisitor<'tcx> for LocalUpdater<'tcx> {
         self.tcx
     }
 
+    fn visit_statement(&mut self, statement: &mut Statement<'tcx>, location: Location) {
+        if let StatementKind::BackwardIncompatibleDropHint { place, reason: _ } =
+            &mut statement.kind
+        {
+            self.visit_local(
+                &mut place.local,
+                PlaceContext::MutatingUse(MutatingUseContext::Store),
+                location,
+            );
+        } else {
+            self.super_statement(statement, location);
+        }
+    }
+
     fn visit_local(&mut self, l: &mut Local, _: PlaceContext, _: Location) {
         *l = self.map[*l].unwrap();
     }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/validate.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/validate.rs
index 724238ecfc9..1739fdcc9af 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/validate.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/validate.rs
@@ -343,6 +343,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for CfgChecker<'a, 'tcx> {
             | StatementKind::Intrinsic(_)
             | StatementKind::ConstEvalCounter
             | StatementKind::PlaceMention(..)
+            | StatementKind::BackwardIncompatibleDropHint { .. }
             | StatementKind::Nop => {}
         }
 
@@ -1493,6 +1494,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for TypeChecker<'a, 'tcx> {
             | StatementKind::Coverage(_)
             | StatementKind::ConstEvalCounter
             | StatementKind::PlaceMention(..)
+            | StatementKind::BackwardIncompatibleDropHint { .. }
             | StatementKind::Nop => {}
         }