Auto merge of #51580 - cramertj:async-await, r=eddyb

async/await

This PR implements `async`/`await` syntax for `async fn` in Rust 2015 and `async` closures and `async` blocks in Rust 2018 (tracking issue: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/50547). Limitations: non-`move` async closures with arguments are currently not supported, nor are `async fn` with multiple different input lifetimes. These limitations are not fundamental and will be removed in the future, however I'd like to go ahead and get this PR merged so we can start experimenting with this in combination with futures 0.3.

Based on https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/51414.
cc @petrochenkov for parsing changes.
r? @eddyb

1 files changed, 116 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/libstd/future.rs b/src/libstd/future.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2da775fdc94
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/libstd/future.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+// Copyright 2018 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
+// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
+// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
+// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
+// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
+// except according to those terms.
+
+//! Asynchronous values.
+
+use core::cell::Cell;
+use core::marker::Unpin;
+use core::mem::PinMut;
+use core::option::Option;
+use core::ptr::NonNull;
+use core::task::{self, Poll};
+use core::ops::{Drop, Generator, GeneratorState};
+
+#[doc(inline)]
+pub use core::future::*;
+
+/// Wrap a future in a generator.
+///
+/// This function returns a `GenFuture` underneath, but hides it in `impl Trait` to give
+/// better error messages (`impl Future` rather than `GenFuture<[closure.....]>`).
+#[unstable(feature = "gen_future", issue = "50547")]
+pub fn from_generator<T: Generator<Yield = ()>>(x: T) -> impl Future<Output = T::Return> {
+    GenFuture(x)
+}
+
+/// A wrapper around generators used to implement `Future` for `async`/`await` code.
+#[unstable(feature = "gen_future", issue = "50547")]
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Ord, PartialOrd, Hash)]
+struct GenFuture<T: Generator<Yield = ()>>(T);
+
+// We rely on the fact that async/await futures are immovable in order to create
+// self-referential borrows in the underlying generator.
+impl<T: Generator<Yield = ()>> !Unpin for GenFuture<T> {}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "gen_future", issue = "50547")]
+impl<T: Generator<Yield = ()>> Future for GenFuture<T> {
+    type Output = T::Return;
+    fn poll(self: PinMut<Self>, cx: &mut task::Context) -> Poll<Self::Output> {
+        set_task_cx(cx, || match unsafe { PinMut::get_mut(self).0.resume() } {
+            GeneratorState::Yielded(()) => Poll::Pending,
+            GeneratorState::Complete(x) => Poll::Ready(x),
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+thread_local! {
+    static TLS_CX: Cell<Option<NonNull<task::Context<'static>>>> = Cell::new(None);
+}
+
+struct SetOnDrop(Option<NonNull<task::Context<'static>>>);
+
+impl Drop for SetOnDrop {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        TLS_CX.with(|tls_cx| {
+            tls_cx.set(self.0.take());
+        });
+    }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "gen_future", issue = "50547")]
+/// Sets the thread-local task context used by async/await futures.
+pub fn set_task_cx<F, R>(cx: &mut task::Context, f: F) -> R
+where
+    F: FnOnce() -> R
+{
+    let old_cx = TLS_CX.with(|tls_cx| {
+        tls_cx.replace(NonNull::new(
+            cx
+                as *mut task::Context
+                as *mut ()
+                as *mut task::Context<'static>
+        ))
+    });
+    let _reset_cx = SetOnDrop(old_cx);
+    f()
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "gen_future", issue = "50547")]
+/// Retrieves the thread-local task context used by async/await futures.
+///
+/// This function acquires exclusive access to the task context.
+///
+/// Panics if no task has been set or if the task context has already been
+/// retrived by a surrounding call to get_task_cx.
+pub fn get_task_cx<F, R>(f: F) -> R
+where
+    F: FnOnce(&mut task::Context) -> R
+{
+    let cx_ptr = TLS_CX.with(|tls_cx| {
+        // Clear the entry so that nested `with_get_cx` calls
+        // will fail or set their own value.
+        tls_cx.replace(None)
+    });
+    let _reset_cx = SetOnDrop(cx_ptr);
+
+    let mut cx_ptr = cx_ptr.expect(
+        "TLS task::Context not set. This is a rustc bug. \
+        Please file an issue on https://github.com/rust-lang/rust.");
+    unsafe { f(cx_ptr.as_mut()) }
+}
+
+#[unstable(feature = "gen_future", issue = "50547")]
+/// Polls a future in the current thread-local task context.
+pub fn poll_in_task_cx<F>(f: &mut PinMut<F>) -> Poll<F::Output>
+where
+    F: Future
+{
+    get_task_cx(|cx| f.reborrow().poll(cx))
+}