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-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs70
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_monomorphize/src/collector.rs15
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/coherence.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/assembly/mod.rs54
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/assembly/structural_traits.rs22
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/effect_goals.rs6
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/mod.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/normalizes_to/mod.rs44
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/trait_goals.rs40
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/elaborate.rs26
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/error.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/fast_reject.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/inherent.rs4
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/interner.rs41
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/lang_items.rs28
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/predicate.rs55
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/predicate_kind.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/solve/mod.rs10
-rw-r--r--src/tools/miri/.github/workflows/ci.yml5
-rw-r--r--src/tools/miri/cargo-miri/Cargo.lock4
-rw-r--r--src/tools/miri/cargo-miri/Cargo.toml2
-rw-r--r--src/tools/miri/rust-version2
-rw-r--r--src/tools/miri/src/bin/log/mod.rs1
-rw-r--r--src/tools/miri/src/bin/log/tracing_chrome.rs177
-rw-r--r--src/tools/miri/src/bin/log/tracing_chrome_instant.rs183
-rw-r--r--src/tools/miri/src/borrow_tracker/tree_borrows/mod.rs225
-rw-r--r--src/tools/miri/src/borrow_tracker/tree_borrows/perms.rs17
-rw-r--r--src/tools/miri/src/borrow_tracker/tree_borrows/tree/tests.rs2
-rw-r--r--src/tools/miri/src/machine.rs3
-rw-r--r--src/tools/miri/tests/deps/Cargo.lock4
-rw-r--r--src/tools/miri/tests/fail/tree_borrows/frozen-lazy-write-to-surrounding.rs9
-rw-r--r--src/tools/miri/tests/fail/tree_borrows/frozen-lazy-write-to-surrounding.stderr21
-rw-r--r--src/tools/miri/tests/pass/both_borrows/basic_aliasing_model.rs22
-rw-r--r--src/tools/miri/tests/pass/tree_borrows/cell-lazy-write-to-surrounding.rs10
-rw-r--r--tests/codegen-llvm/async-fn-debug-awaitee-field.rs8
-rw-r--r--tests/codegen-units/item-collection/async-fn-impl.rs10
-rw-r--r--tests/codegen-units/item-collection/opaque-return-impls.rs89
-rw-r--r--tests/coverage/async.cov-map8
-rw-r--r--tests/coverage/async.coverage4
-rw-r--r--tests/coverage/async.rs2
-rw-r--r--tests/ui-fulldeps/internal-lints/import-of-type-ir-traits.rs2
-rw-r--r--tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/async-awaiting-fut.rs4
-rw-r--r--tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/async-awaiting-fut.stdout37
-rw-r--r--tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/large-arg.rs4
-rw-r--r--tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/large-arg.stdout42
-rw-r--r--tests/ui/print_type_sizes/async.rs4
-rw-r--r--tests/ui/print_type_sizes/async.stdout33
47 files changed, 924 insertions, 435 deletions
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs
index 4990a85466e..5dbbc7297ab 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ use rustc_session::{Limit, Session};
 use rustc_span::def_id::{CRATE_DEF_ID, DefPathHash, StableCrateId};
 use rustc_span::{DUMMY_SP, Ident, Span, Symbol, kw, sym};
 use rustc_type_ir::TyKind::*;
-use rustc_type_ir::lang_items::TraitSolverLangItem;
+use rustc_type_ir::lang_items::{SolverLangItem, SolverTraitLangItem};
 pub use rustc_type_ir::lift::Lift;
 use rustc_type_ir::{
     CollectAndApply, Interner, TypeFlags, TypeFoldable, WithCachedTypeInfo, elaborate, search_graph,
@@ -93,6 +93,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Interner for TyCtxt<'tcx> {
 
     type DefId = DefId;
     type LocalDefId = LocalDefId;
+    type TraitId = DefId;
     type Span = Span;
 
     type GenericArgs = ty::GenericArgsRef<'tcx>;
@@ -483,20 +484,32 @@ impl<'tcx> Interner for TyCtxt<'tcx> {
         !self.codegen_fn_attrs(def_id).target_features.is_empty()
     }
 
-    fn require_lang_item(self, lang_item: TraitSolverLangItem) -> DefId {
-        self.require_lang_item(trait_lang_item_to_lang_item(lang_item), DUMMY_SP)
+    fn require_lang_item(self, lang_item: SolverLangItem) -> DefId {
+        self.require_lang_item(solver_lang_item_to_lang_item(lang_item), DUMMY_SP)
     }
 
-    fn is_lang_item(self, def_id: DefId, lang_item: TraitSolverLangItem) -> bool {
-        self.is_lang_item(def_id, trait_lang_item_to_lang_item(lang_item))
+    fn require_trait_lang_item(self, lang_item: SolverTraitLangItem) -> DefId {
+        self.require_lang_item(solver_trait_lang_item_to_lang_item(lang_item), DUMMY_SP)
+    }
+
+    fn is_lang_item(self, def_id: DefId, lang_item: SolverLangItem) -> bool {
+        self.is_lang_item(def_id, solver_lang_item_to_lang_item(lang_item))
+    }
+
+    fn is_trait_lang_item(self, def_id: DefId, lang_item: SolverTraitLangItem) -> bool {
+        self.is_lang_item(def_id, solver_trait_lang_item_to_lang_item(lang_item))
     }
 
     fn is_default_trait(self, def_id: DefId) -> bool {
         self.is_default_trait(def_id)
     }
 
-    fn as_lang_item(self, def_id: DefId) -> Option<TraitSolverLangItem> {
-        lang_item_to_trait_lang_item(self.lang_items().from_def_id(def_id)?)
+    fn as_lang_item(self, def_id: DefId) -> Option<SolverLangItem> {
+        lang_item_to_solver_lang_item(self.lang_items().from_def_id(def_id)?)
+    }
+
+    fn as_trait_lang_item(self, def_id: DefId) -> Option<SolverTraitLangItem> {
+        lang_item_to_solver_trait_lang_item(self.lang_items().from_def_id(def_id)?)
     }
 
     fn associated_type_def_ids(self, def_id: DefId) -> impl IntoIterator<Item = DefId> {
@@ -727,16 +740,19 @@ impl<'tcx> Interner for TyCtxt<'tcx> {
 }
 
 macro_rules! bidirectional_lang_item_map {
-    ($($name:ident),+ $(,)?) => {
-        fn trait_lang_item_to_lang_item(lang_item: TraitSolverLangItem) -> LangItem {
+    (
+        $solver_ty:ident, $to_solver:ident, $from_solver:ident;
+        $($name:ident),+ $(,)?
+    ) => {
+        fn $from_solver(lang_item: $solver_ty) -> LangItem {
             match lang_item {
-                $(TraitSolverLangItem::$name => LangItem::$name,)+
+                $($solver_ty::$name => LangItem::$name,)+
             }
         }
 
-        fn lang_item_to_trait_lang_item(lang_item: LangItem) -> Option<TraitSolverLangItem> {
+        fn $to_solver(lang_item: LangItem) -> Option<$solver_ty> {
             Some(match lang_item {
-                $(LangItem::$name => TraitSolverLangItem::$name,)+
+                $(LangItem::$name => $solver_ty::$name,)+
                 _ => return None,
             })
         }
@@ -744,40 +760,50 @@ macro_rules! bidirectional_lang_item_map {
 }
 
 bidirectional_lang_item_map! {
+    SolverLangItem, lang_item_to_solver_lang_item, solver_lang_item_to_lang_item;
+
+// tidy-alphabetical-start
+    AsyncFnKindUpvars,
+    AsyncFnOnceOutput,
+    CallOnceFuture,
+    CallRefFuture,
+    CoroutineReturn,
+    CoroutineYield,
+    DynMetadata,
+    FutureOutput,
+    Metadata,
+    Option,
+    Poll,
+// tidy-alphabetical-end
+}
+
+bidirectional_lang_item_map! {
+    SolverTraitLangItem, lang_item_to_solver_trait_lang_item, solver_trait_lang_item_to_lang_item;
+
 // tidy-alphabetical-start
     AsyncFn,
     AsyncFnKindHelper,
-    AsyncFnKindUpvars,
     AsyncFnMut,
     AsyncFnOnce,
     AsyncFnOnceOutput,
     AsyncIterator,
     BikeshedGuaranteedNoDrop,
-    CallOnceFuture,
-    CallRefFuture,
     Clone,
     Copy,
     Coroutine,
-    CoroutineReturn,
-    CoroutineYield,
     Destruct,
     DiscriminantKind,
     Drop,
-    DynMetadata,
     Fn,
     FnMut,
     FnOnce,
     FnPtrTrait,
     FusedIterator,
     Future,
-    FutureOutput,
     Iterator,
     MetaSized,
-    Metadata,
-    Option,
     PointeeSized,
     PointeeTrait,
-    Poll,
     Sized,
     TransmuteTrait,
     Tuple,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_monomorphize/src/collector.rs b/compiler/rustc_monomorphize/src/collector.rs
index 6a836442c32..cffeb6f9807 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_monomorphize/src/collector.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_monomorphize/src/collector.rs
@@ -1535,7 +1535,20 @@ impl<'v> RootCollector<'_, 'v> {
     fn process_nested_body(&mut self, def_id: LocalDefId) {
         match self.tcx.def_kind(def_id) {
             DefKind::Closure => {
-                if self.strategy == MonoItemCollectionStrategy::Eager
+                // for 'pub async fn foo(..)' also trying to monomorphize foo::{closure}
+                let is_pub_fn_coroutine =
+                    match *self.tcx.type_of(def_id).instantiate_identity().kind() {
+                        ty::Coroutine(cor_id, _args) => {
+                            let tcx = self.tcx;
+                            let parent_id = tcx.parent(cor_id);
+                            tcx.def_kind(parent_id) == DefKind::Fn
+                                && tcx.asyncness(parent_id).is_async()
+                                && tcx.visibility(parent_id).is_public()
+                        }
+                        ty::Closure(..) | ty::CoroutineClosure(..) => false,
+                        _ => unreachable!(),
+                    };
+                if (self.strategy == MonoItemCollectionStrategy::Eager || is_pub_fn_coroutine)
                     && !self
                         .tcx
                         .generics_of(self.tcx.typeck_root_def_id(def_id.to_def_id()))
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/coherence.rs b/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/coherence.rs
index f8215a228f5..79219b34e29 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/coherence.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/coherence.rs
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ where
         ControlFlow::Break(OrphanCheckEarlyExit::UncoveredTyParam(ty))
     }
 
-    fn def_id_is_local(&mut self, def_id: I::DefId) -> bool {
+    fn def_id_is_local(&mut self, def_id: impl DefId<I>) -> bool {
         match self.in_crate {
             InCrate::Local { .. } => def_id.is_local(),
             InCrate::Remote => false,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/assembly/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/assembly/mod.rs
index a4a8317912a..be7e4dd4cda 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/assembly/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/assembly/mod.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use std::ops::ControlFlow;
 
 use derive_where::derive_where;
 use rustc_type_ir::inherent::*;
-use rustc_type_ir::lang_items::TraitSolverLangItem;
+use rustc_type_ir::lang_items::SolverTraitLangItem;
 use rustc_type_ir::search_graph::CandidateHeadUsages;
 use rustc_type_ir::solve::SizedTraitKind;
 use rustc_type_ir::{
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ where
 
     fn with_replaced_self_ty(self, cx: I, self_ty: I::Ty) -> Self;
 
-    fn trait_def_id(self, cx: I) -> I::DefId;
+    fn trait_def_id(self, cx: I) -> I::TraitId;
 
     /// Consider a clause, which consists of a "assumption" and some "requirements",
     /// to satisfy a goal. If the requirements hold, then attempt to satisfy our
@@ -516,80 +516,80 @@ where
         } else if cx.trait_is_alias(trait_def_id) {
             G::consider_trait_alias_candidate(self, goal)
         } else {
-            match cx.as_lang_item(trait_def_id) {
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::Sized) => {
+            match cx.as_trait_lang_item(trait_def_id) {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::Sized) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_sizedness_candidates(self, goal, SizedTraitKind::Sized)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::MetaSized) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::MetaSized) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_sizedness_candidates(self, goal, SizedTraitKind::MetaSized)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::PointeeSized) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::PointeeSized) => {
                     unreachable!("`PointeeSized` is removed during lowering");
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::Copy | TraitSolverLangItem::Clone) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::Copy | SolverTraitLangItem::Clone) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_copy_clone_candidate(self, goal)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::Fn) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::Fn) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_fn_trait_candidates(self, goal, ty::ClosureKind::Fn)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::FnMut) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::FnMut) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_fn_trait_candidates(self, goal, ty::ClosureKind::FnMut)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::FnOnce) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::FnOnce) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_fn_trait_candidates(self, goal, ty::ClosureKind::FnOnce)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::AsyncFn) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::AsyncFn) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_async_fn_trait_candidates(self, goal, ty::ClosureKind::Fn)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::AsyncFnMut) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::AsyncFnMut) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_async_fn_trait_candidates(
                         self,
                         goal,
                         ty::ClosureKind::FnMut,
                     )
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::AsyncFnOnce) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::AsyncFnOnce) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_async_fn_trait_candidates(
                         self,
                         goal,
                         ty::ClosureKind::FnOnce,
                     )
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::FnPtrTrait) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::FnPtrTrait) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_fn_ptr_trait_candidate(self, goal)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::AsyncFnKindHelper) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::AsyncFnKindHelper) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_async_fn_kind_helper_candidate(self, goal)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::Tuple) => G::consider_builtin_tuple_candidate(self, goal),
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::PointeeTrait) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::Tuple) => G::consider_builtin_tuple_candidate(self, goal),
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::PointeeTrait) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_pointee_candidate(self, goal)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::Future) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::Future) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_future_candidate(self, goal)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::Iterator) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::Iterator) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_iterator_candidate(self, goal)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::FusedIterator) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::FusedIterator) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_fused_iterator_candidate(self, goal)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::AsyncIterator) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::AsyncIterator) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_async_iterator_candidate(self, goal)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::Coroutine) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::Coroutine) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_coroutine_candidate(self, goal)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::DiscriminantKind) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::DiscriminantKind) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_discriminant_kind_candidate(self, goal)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::Destruct) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::Destruct) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_destruct_candidate(self, goal)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::TransmuteTrait) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::TransmuteTrait) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_transmute_candidate(self, goal)
                 }
-                Some(TraitSolverLangItem::BikeshedGuaranteedNoDrop) => {
+                Some(SolverTraitLangItem::BikeshedGuaranteedNoDrop) => {
                     G::consider_builtin_bikeshed_guaranteed_no_drop_candidate(self, goal)
                 }
                 _ => Err(NoSolution),
@@ -600,7 +600,7 @@ where
 
         // There may be multiple unsize candidates for a trait with several supertraits:
         // `trait Foo: Bar<A> + Bar<B>` and `dyn Foo: Unsize<dyn Bar<_>>`
-        if cx.is_lang_item(trait_def_id, TraitSolverLangItem::Unsize) {
+        if cx.is_trait_lang_item(trait_def_id, SolverTraitLangItem::Unsize) {
             candidates.extend(G::consider_structural_builtin_unsize_candidates(self, goal));
         }
     }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/assembly/structural_traits.rs b/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/assembly/structural_traits.rs
index d25e74e7335..7c5940828da 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/assembly/structural_traits.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/assembly/structural_traits.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 use derive_where::derive_where;
 use rustc_type_ir::data_structures::HashMap;
 use rustc_type_ir::inherent::*;
-use rustc_type_ir::lang_items::TraitSolverLangItem;
+use rustc_type_ir::lang_items::{SolverLangItem, SolverTraitLangItem};
 use rustc_type_ir::solve::SizedTraitKind;
 use rustc_type_ir::solve::inspect::ProbeKind;
 use rustc_type_ir::{
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ pub(in crate::solve) fn extract_tupled_inputs_and_output_from_async_callable<I:
                 nested.push(
                     ty::TraitRef::new(
                         cx,
-                        cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::AsyncFnKindHelper),
+                        cx.require_trait_lang_item(SolverTraitLangItem::AsyncFnKindHelper),
                         [kind_ty, Ty::from_closure_kind(cx, goal_kind)],
                     )
                     .upcast(cx),
@@ -496,7 +496,7 @@ pub(in crate::solve) fn extract_tupled_inputs_and_output_from_async_callable<I:
             let args = args.as_closure();
             let bound_sig = args.sig();
             let sig = bound_sig.skip_binder();
-            let future_trait_def_id = cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::Future);
+            let future_trait_def_id = cx.require_trait_lang_item(SolverTraitLangItem::Future);
             // `Closure`s only implement `AsyncFn*` when their return type
             // implements `Future`.
             let mut nested = vec![
@@ -514,7 +514,7 @@ pub(in crate::solve) fn extract_tupled_inputs_and_output_from_async_callable<I:
                 }
             } else {
                 let async_fn_kind_trait_def_id =
-                    cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::AsyncFnKindHelper);
+                    cx.require_trait_lang_item(SolverTraitLangItem::AsyncFnKindHelper);
                 // When we don't know the closure kind (and therefore also the closure's upvars,
                 // which are computed at the same time), we must delay the computation of the
                 // generator's upvars. We do this using the `AsyncFnKindHelper`, which as a trait
@@ -532,7 +532,7 @@ pub(in crate::solve) fn extract_tupled_inputs_and_output_from_async_callable<I:
                 );
             }
 
-            let future_output_def_id = cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::FutureOutput);
+            let future_output_def_id = cx.require_lang_item(SolverLangItem::FutureOutput);
             let future_output_ty = Ty::new_projection(cx, future_output_def_id, [sig.output()]);
             Ok((
                 bound_sig.rebind(AsyncCallableRelevantTypes {
@@ -581,13 +581,13 @@ fn fn_item_to_async_callable<I: Interner>(
     bound_sig: ty::Binder<I, ty::FnSig<I>>,
 ) -> Result<(ty::Binder<I, AsyncCallableRelevantTypes<I>>, Vec<I::Predicate>), NoSolution> {
     let sig = bound_sig.skip_binder();
-    let future_trait_def_id = cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::Future);
+    let future_trait_def_id = cx.require_trait_lang_item(SolverTraitLangItem::Future);
     // `FnDef` and `FnPtr` only implement `AsyncFn*` when their
     // return type implements `Future`.
     let nested = vec![
         bound_sig.rebind(ty::TraitRef::new(cx, future_trait_def_id, [sig.output()])).upcast(cx),
     ];
-    let future_output_def_id = cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::FutureOutput);
+    let future_output_def_id = cx.require_lang_item(SolverLangItem::FutureOutput);
     let future_output_ty = Ty::new_projection(cx, future_output_def_id, [sig.output()]);
     Ok((
         bound_sig.rebind(AsyncCallableRelevantTypes {
@@ -633,7 +633,7 @@ fn coroutine_closure_to_ambiguous_coroutine<I: Interner>(
     args: ty::CoroutineClosureArgs<I>,
     sig: ty::CoroutineClosureSignature<I>,
 ) -> I::Ty {
-    let upvars_projection_def_id = cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::AsyncFnKindUpvars);
+    let upvars_projection_def_id = cx.require_lang_item(SolverLangItem::AsyncFnKindUpvars);
     let tupled_upvars_ty = Ty::new_projection(
         cx,
         upvars_projection_def_id,
@@ -732,7 +732,7 @@ pub(in crate::solve) fn const_conditions_for_destruct<I: Interner>(
     cx: I,
     self_ty: I::Ty,
 ) -> Result<Vec<ty::TraitRef<I>>, NoSolution> {
-    let destruct_def_id = cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::Destruct);
+    let destruct_def_id = cx.require_trait_lang_item(SolverTraitLangItem::Destruct);
 
     match self_ty.kind() {
         // `ManuallyDrop` is trivially `[const] Destruct` as we do not run any drop glue on it.
@@ -751,7 +751,7 @@ pub(in crate::solve) fn const_conditions_for_destruct<I: Interner>(
                 Some(AdtDestructorKind::NotConst) => return Err(NoSolution),
                 // `Drop` impl exists, and it's const. Require `Ty: [const] Drop` to hold.
                 Some(AdtDestructorKind::Const) => {
-                    let drop_def_id = cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::Drop);
+                    let drop_def_id = cx.require_trait_lang_item(SolverTraitLangItem::Drop);
                     let drop_trait_ref = ty::TraitRef::new(cx, drop_def_id, [self_ty]);
                     const_conditions.push(drop_trait_ref);
                 }
@@ -869,7 +869,7 @@ where
 
     // FIXME(associated_const_equality): Also add associated consts to
     // the requirements here.
-    for associated_type_def_id in cx.associated_type_def_ids(trait_ref.def_id) {
+    for associated_type_def_id in cx.associated_type_def_ids(trait_ref.def_id.into()) {
         // associated types that require `Self: Sized` do not show up in the built-in
         // implementation of `Trait for dyn Trait`, and can be dropped here.
         if cx.generics_require_sized_self(associated_type_def_id) {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/effect_goals.rs b/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/effect_goals.rs
index b7ae9994c62..229345065b1 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/effect_goals.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/effect_goals.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 
 use rustc_type_ir::fast_reject::DeepRejectCtxt;
 use rustc_type_ir::inherent::*;
-use rustc_type_ir::lang_items::TraitSolverLangItem;
+use rustc_type_ir::lang_items::SolverTraitLangItem;
 use rustc_type_ir::solve::SizedTraitKind;
 use rustc_type_ir::solve::inspect::ProbeKind;
 use rustc_type_ir::{self as ty, Interner, TypingMode, elaborate};
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ where
         self.with_replaced_self_ty(cx, self_ty)
     }
 
-    fn trait_def_id(self, _: I) -> I::DefId {
+    fn trait_def_id(self, _: I) -> I::TraitId {
         self.def_id()
     }
 
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ where
         // A built-in `Fn` impl only holds if the output is sized.
         // (FIXME: technically we only need to check this if the type is a fn ptr...)
         let output_is_sized_pred = inputs_and_output.map_bound(|(_, output)| {
-            ty::TraitRef::new(cx, cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::Sized), [output])
+            ty::TraitRef::new(cx, cx.require_trait_lang_item(SolverTraitLangItem::Sized), [output])
         });
         let requirements = cx
             .const_conditions(def_id)
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/mod.rs
index c2745c878dc..710b59f662a 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/mod.rs
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ where
         }
     }
 
-    fn compute_dyn_compatible_goal(&mut self, trait_def_id: I::DefId) -> QueryResult<I> {
+    fn compute_dyn_compatible_goal(&mut self, trait_def_id: I::TraitId) -> QueryResult<I> {
         if self.cx().trait_is_dyn_compatible(trait_def_id) {
             self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
         } else {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/normalizes_to/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/normalizes_to/mod.rs
index 93434dce79f..cfdf2007391 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/normalizes_to/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/normalizes_to/mod.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ mod opaque_types;
 
 use rustc_type_ir::fast_reject::DeepRejectCtxt;
 use rustc_type_ir::inherent::*;
-use rustc_type_ir::lang_items::TraitSolverLangItem;
+use rustc_type_ir::lang_items::{SolverLangItem, SolverTraitLangItem};
 use rustc_type_ir::solve::SizedTraitKind;
 use rustc_type_ir::{self as ty, Interner, NormalizesTo, PredicateKind, Upcast as _};
 use tracing::instrument;
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ where
         self.with_replaced_self_ty(cx, self_ty)
     }
 
-    fn trait_def_id(self, cx: I) -> I::DefId {
+    fn trait_def_id(self, cx: I) -> I::TraitId {
         self.trait_def_id(cx)
     }
 
@@ -456,7 +456,7 @@ where
         // A built-in `Fn` impl only holds if the output is sized.
         // (FIXME: technically we only need to check this if the type is a fn ptr...)
         let output_is_sized_pred = tupled_inputs_and_output.map_bound(|(_, output)| {
-            ty::TraitRef::new(cx, cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::Sized), [output])
+            ty::TraitRef::new(cx, cx.require_trait_lang_item(SolverTraitLangItem::Sized), [output])
         });
 
         let pred = tupled_inputs_and_output
@@ -503,7 +503,11 @@ where
         // (FIXME: technically we only need to check this if the type is a fn ptr...)
         let output_is_sized_pred = tupled_inputs_and_output_and_coroutine.map_bound(
             |AsyncCallableRelevantTypes { output_coroutine_ty: output_ty, .. }| {
-                ty::TraitRef::new(cx, cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::Sized), [output_ty])
+                ty::TraitRef::new(
+                    cx,
+                    cx.require_trait_lang_item(SolverTraitLangItem::Sized),
+                    [output_ty],
+                )
             },
         );
 
@@ -515,7 +519,7 @@ where
                      coroutine_return_ty,
                  }| {
                     let (projection_term, term) = if cx
-                        .is_lang_item(goal.predicate.def_id(), TraitSolverLangItem::CallOnceFuture)
+                        .is_lang_item(goal.predicate.def_id(), SolverLangItem::CallOnceFuture)
                     {
                         (
                             ty::AliasTerm::new(
@@ -526,7 +530,7 @@ where
                             output_coroutine_ty.into(),
                         )
                     } else if cx
-                        .is_lang_item(goal.predicate.def_id(), TraitSolverLangItem::CallRefFuture)
+                        .is_lang_item(goal.predicate.def_id(), SolverLangItem::CallRefFuture)
                     {
                         (
                             ty::AliasTerm::new(
@@ -540,10 +544,9 @@ where
                             ),
                             output_coroutine_ty.into(),
                         )
-                    } else if cx.is_lang_item(
-                        goal.predicate.def_id(),
-                        TraitSolverLangItem::AsyncFnOnceOutput,
-                    ) {
+                    } else if cx
+                        .is_lang_item(goal.predicate.def_id(), SolverLangItem::AsyncFnOnceOutput)
+                    {
                         (
                             ty::AliasTerm::new(
                                 cx,
@@ -637,7 +640,7 @@ where
         goal: Goal<I, Self>,
     ) -> Result<Candidate<I>, NoSolution> {
         let cx = ecx.cx();
-        let metadata_def_id = cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::Metadata);
+        let metadata_def_id = cx.require_lang_item(SolverLangItem::Metadata);
         assert_eq!(metadata_def_id, goal.predicate.def_id());
         let metadata_ty = match goal.predicate.self_ty().kind() {
             ty::Bool
@@ -664,7 +667,7 @@ where
             ty::Str | ty::Slice(_) => Ty::new_usize(cx),
 
             ty::Dynamic(_, _, ty::Dyn) => {
-                let dyn_metadata = cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::DynMetadata);
+                let dyn_metadata = cx.require_lang_item(SolverLangItem::DynMetadata);
                 cx.type_of(dyn_metadata)
                     .instantiate(cx, &[I::GenericArg::from(goal.predicate.self_ty())])
             }
@@ -678,7 +681,7 @@ where
                     ecx.probe_builtin_trait_candidate(BuiltinImplSource::Misc).enter(|ecx| {
                         let sized_predicate = ty::TraitRef::new(
                             cx,
-                            cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::Sized),
+                            cx.require_trait_lang_item(SolverTraitLangItem::Sized),
                             [I::GenericArg::from(goal.predicate.self_ty())],
                         );
                         ecx.add_goal(GoalSource::Misc, goal.with(cx, sized_predicate));
@@ -821,10 +824,10 @@ where
             // coroutine yield ty `Poll<Option<I>>`.
             let wrapped_expected_ty = Ty::new_adt(
                 cx,
-                cx.adt_def(cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::Poll)),
+                cx.adt_def(cx.require_lang_item(SolverLangItem::Poll)),
                 cx.mk_args(&[Ty::new_adt(
                     cx,
-                    cx.adt_def(cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::Option)),
+                    cx.adt_def(cx.require_lang_item(SolverLangItem::Option)),
                     cx.mk_args(&[expected_ty.into()]),
                 )
                 .into()]),
@@ -853,10 +856,9 @@ where
 
         let coroutine = args.as_coroutine();
 
-        let term = if cx.is_lang_item(goal.predicate.def_id(), TraitSolverLangItem::CoroutineReturn)
-        {
+        let term = if cx.is_lang_item(goal.predicate.def_id(), SolverLangItem::CoroutineReturn) {
             coroutine.return_ty().into()
-        } else if cx.is_lang_item(goal.predicate.def_id(), TraitSolverLangItem::CoroutineYield) {
+        } else if cx.is_lang_item(goal.predicate.def_id(), SolverLangItem::CoroutineYield) {
             coroutine.yield_ty().into()
         } else {
             panic!("unexpected associated item `{:?}` for `{self_ty:?}`", goal.predicate.def_id())
@@ -983,13 +985,13 @@ where
         target_container_def_id: I::DefId,
     ) -> Result<I::GenericArgs, NoSolution> {
         let cx = self.cx();
-        Ok(if target_container_def_id == impl_trait_ref.def_id {
+        Ok(if target_container_def_id == impl_trait_ref.def_id.into() {
             // Default value from the trait definition. No need to rebase.
             goal.predicate.alias.args
         } else if target_container_def_id == impl_def_id {
             // Same impl, no need to fully translate, just a rebase from
             // the trait is sufficient.
-            goal.predicate.alias.args.rebase_onto(cx, impl_trait_ref.def_id, impl_args)
+            goal.predicate.alias.args.rebase_onto(cx, impl_trait_ref.def_id.into(), impl_args)
         } else {
             let target_args = self.fresh_args_for_item(target_container_def_id);
             let target_trait_ref =
@@ -1004,7 +1006,7 @@ where
                     .iter_instantiated(cx, target_args)
                     .map(|pred| goal.with(cx, pred)),
             );
-            goal.predicate.alias.args.rebase_onto(cx, impl_trait_ref.def_id, target_args)
+            goal.predicate.alias.args.rebase_onto(cx, impl_trait_ref.def_id.into(), target_args)
         })
     }
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/trait_goals.rs b/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/trait_goals.rs
index 891ecab041a..cdcfebf2909 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/trait_goals.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/trait_goals.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 use rustc_type_ir::data_structures::IndexSet;
 use rustc_type_ir::fast_reject::DeepRejectCtxt;
 use rustc_type_ir::inherent::*;
-use rustc_type_ir::lang_items::TraitSolverLangItem;
+use rustc_type_ir::lang_items::SolverTraitLangItem;
 use rustc_type_ir::solve::{CanonicalResponse, SizedTraitKind};
 use rustc_type_ir::{
     self as ty, Interner, Movability, PredicatePolarity, TraitPredicate, TraitRef,
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ where
         self.with_replaced_self_ty(cx, self_ty)
     }
 
-    fn trait_def_id(self, _: I) -> I::DefId {
+    fn trait_def_id(self, _: I) -> I::TraitId {
         self.def_id()
     }
 
@@ -131,8 +131,8 @@ where
     ) -> Result<(), NoSolution> {
         fn trait_def_id_matches<I: Interner>(
             cx: I,
-            clause_def_id: I::DefId,
-            goal_def_id: I::DefId,
+            clause_def_id: I::TraitId,
+            goal_def_id: I::TraitId,
             polarity: PredicatePolarity,
         ) -> bool {
             clause_def_id == goal_def_id
@@ -141,8 +141,8 @@ where
             //
             // `PointeeSized` bounds are syntactic sugar for a lack of bounds so don't need this.
                 || (polarity == PredicatePolarity::Positive
-                    && cx.is_lang_item(clause_def_id, TraitSolverLangItem::Sized)
-                    && cx.is_lang_item(goal_def_id, TraitSolverLangItem::MetaSized))
+                    && cx.is_trait_lang_item(clause_def_id, SolverTraitLangItem::Sized)
+                    && cx.is_trait_lang_item(goal_def_id, SolverTraitLangItem::MetaSized))
         }
 
         if let Some(trait_clause) = assumption.as_trait_clause()
@@ -177,8 +177,8 @@ where
         // are syntactic sugar for a lack of bounds so don't need this.
         // We don't need to check polarity, `fast_reject_assumption` already rejected non-`Positive`
         // polarity `Sized` assumptions as matching non-`Positive` `MetaSized` goals.
-        if ecx.cx().is_lang_item(goal.predicate.def_id(), TraitSolverLangItem::MetaSized)
-            && ecx.cx().is_lang_item(trait_clause.def_id(), TraitSolverLangItem::Sized)
+        if ecx.cx().is_trait_lang_item(goal.predicate.def_id(), SolverTraitLangItem::MetaSized)
+            && ecx.cx().is_trait_lang_item(trait_clause.def_id(), SolverTraitLangItem::Sized)
         {
             let meta_sized_clause =
                 trait_predicate_with_def_id(ecx.cx(), trait_clause, goal.predicate.def_id());
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ where
 
         ecx.probe_builtin_trait_candidate(BuiltinImplSource::Misc).enter(|ecx| {
             let nested_obligations = cx
-                .predicates_of(goal.predicate.def_id())
+                .predicates_of(goal.predicate.def_id().into())
                 .iter_instantiated(cx, goal.predicate.trait_ref.args)
                 .map(|p| goal.with(cx, p));
             // While you could think of trait aliases to have a single builtin impl
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ where
         // A built-in `Fn` impl only holds if the output is sized.
         // (FIXME: technically we only need to check this if the type is a fn ptr...)
         let output_is_sized_pred = tupled_inputs_and_output.map_bound(|(_, output)| {
-            ty::TraitRef::new(cx, cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::Sized), [output])
+            ty::TraitRef::new(cx, cx.require_trait_lang_item(SolverTraitLangItem::Sized), [output])
         });
 
         let pred = tupled_inputs_and_output
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ where
             |AsyncCallableRelevantTypes { output_coroutine_ty, .. }| {
                 ty::TraitRef::new(
                     cx,
-                    cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::Sized),
+                    cx.require_trait_lang_item(SolverTraitLangItem::Sized),
                     [output_coroutine_ty],
                 )
             },
@@ -757,7 +757,7 @@ where
                             cx,
                             ty::TraitRef::new(
                                 cx,
-                                cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::Copy),
+                                cx.require_trait_lang_item(SolverTraitLangItem::Copy),
                                 [ty],
                             ),
                         ),
@@ -857,7 +857,7 @@ where
 fn trait_predicate_with_def_id<I: Interner>(
     cx: I,
     clause: ty::Binder<I, ty::TraitPredicate<I>>,
-    did: I::DefId,
+    did: I::TraitId,
 ) -> I::Clause {
     clause
         .map_bound(|c| TraitPredicate {
@@ -956,7 +956,11 @@ where
                 GoalSource::ImplWhereBound,
                 goal.with(
                     cx,
-                    ty::TraitRef::new(cx, cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::Sized), [a_ty]),
+                    ty::TraitRef::new(
+                        cx,
+                        cx.require_trait_lang_item(SolverTraitLangItem::Sized),
+                        [a_ty],
+                    ),
                 ),
             );
 
@@ -981,7 +985,7 @@ where
         // We may upcast to auto traits that are either explicitly listed in
         // the object type's bounds, or implied by the principal trait ref's
         // supertraits.
-        let a_auto_traits: IndexSet<I::DefId> = a_data
+        let a_auto_traits: IndexSet<I::TraitId> = a_data
             .auto_traits()
             .into_iter()
             .chain(a_data.principal_def_id().into_iter().flat_map(|principal_def_id| {
@@ -1143,7 +1147,7 @@ where
                 cx,
                 ty::TraitRef::new(
                     cx,
-                    cx.require_lang_item(TraitSolverLangItem::Unsize),
+                    cx.require_trait_lang_item(SolverTraitLangItem::Unsize),
                     [a_tail_ty, b_tail_ty],
                 ),
             ),
@@ -1208,7 +1212,9 @@ where
             // takes precedence over the structural auto trait candidate being
             // assembled.
             ty::Coroutine(def_id, _)
-                if self.cx().is_lang_item(goal.predicate.def_id(), TraitSolverLangItem::Unpin) =>
+                if self
+                    .cx()
+                    .is_trait_lang_item(goal.predicate.def_id(), SolverTraitLangItem::Unpin) =>
             {
                 match self.cx().coroutine_movability(def_id) {
                     Movability::Static => Some(Err(NoSolution)),
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/elaborate.rs b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/elaborate.rs
index dc15cc3eb55..2f7c78d497a 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/elaborate.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/elaborate.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use smallvec::smallvec;
 
 use crate::data_structures::HashSet;
 use crate::inherent::*;
-use crate::lang_items::TraitSolverLangItem;
+use crate::lang_items::SolverTraitLangItem;
 use crate::outlives::{Component, push_outlives_components};
 use crate::{self as ty, Interner, Upcast as _};
 
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ impl<I: Interner, O: Elaboratable<I>> Elaborator<I, O> {
         // is present.
         if self.elaborate_sized == ElaborateSized::No
             && let Some(did) = clause.as_trait_clause().map(|c| c.def_id())
-            && self.cx.is_lang_item(did, TraitSolverLangItem::Sized)
+            && self.cx.is_trait_lang_item(did, SolverTraitLangItem::Sized)
         {
             return;
         }
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ impl<I: Interner, O: Elaboratable<I>> Elaborator<I, O> {
                 // Get predicates implied by the trait, or only super predicates if we only care about self predicates.
                 match self.mode {
                     Filter::All => self.extend_deduped(
-                        cx.explicit_implied_predicates_of(data.def_id())
+                        cx.explicit_implied_predicates_of(data.def_id().into())
                             .iter_identity()
                             .enumerate()
                             .map(map_to_child_clause),
@@ -181,13 +181,15 @@ impl<I: Interner, O: Elaboratable<I>> Elaborator<I, O> {
             }
             // `T: [const] Trait` implies `T: [const] Supertrait`.
             ty::ClauseKind::HostEffect(data) => self.extend_deduped(
-                cx.explicit_implied_const_bounds(data.def_id()).iter_identity().map(|trait_ref| {
-                    elaboratable.child(
-                        trait_ref
-                            .to_host_effect_clause(cx, data.constness)
-                            .instantiate_supertrait(cx, bound_clause.rebind(data.trait_ref)),
-                    )
-                }),
+                cx.explicit_implied_const_bounds(data.def_id().into()).iter_identity().map(
+                    |trait_ref| {
+                        elaboratable.child(
+                            trait_ref
+                                .to_host_effect_clause(cx, data.constness)
+                                .instantiate_supertrait(cx, bound_clause.rebind(data.trait_ref)),
+                        )
+                    },
+                ),
             ),
             ty::ClauseKind::TypeOutlives(ty::OutlivesPredicate(ty_max, r_min)) => {
                 // We know that `T: 'a` for some type `T`. We can
@@ -312,8 +314,8 @@ impl<I: Interner, O: Elaboratable<I>> Iterator for Elaborator<I, O> {
 /// and to make size estimates for vtable layout computation.
 pub fn supertrait_def_ids<I: Interner>(
     cx: I,
-    trait_def_id: I::DefId,
-) -> impl Iterator<Item = I::DefId> {
+    trait_def_id: I::TraitId,
+) -> impl Iterator<Item = I::TraitId> {
     let mut set = HashSet::default();
     let mut stack = vec![trait_def_id];
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/error.rs b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/error.rs
index e8840bcfaca..eb5b6b4a1b4 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/error.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/error.rs
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ pub enum TypeError<I: Interner> {
 
     Sorts(ExpectedFound<I::Ty>),
     ArgumentSorts(ExpectedFound<I::Ty>, usize),
-    Traits(ExpectedFound<I::DefId>),
+    Traits(ExpectedFound<I::TraitId>),
     VariadicMismatch(ExpectedFound<bool>),
 
     /// Instantiating a type variable with the given type would have
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/fast_reject.rs b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/fast_reject.rs
index d88c88fc6f3..5a05630e1bd 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/fast_reject.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/fast_reject.rs
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ pub fn simplify_type<I: Interner>(
         ty::RawPtr(_, mutbl) => Some(SimplifiedType::Ptr(mutbl)),
         ty::Dynamic(trait_info, ..) => match trait_info.principal_def_id() {
             Some(principal_def_id) if !cx.trait_is_auto(principal_def_id) => {
-                Some(SimplifiedType::Trait(principal_def_id))
+                Some(SimplifiedType::Trait(principal_def_id.into()))
             }
             _ => Some(SimplifiedType::MarkerTraitObject),
         },
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/inherent.rs b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/inherent.rs
index 569570b5783..64063b1a365 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/inherent.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/inherent.rs
@@ -649,11 +649,11 @@ pub trait DefId<I: Interner>: Copy + Debug + Hash + Eq + TypeFoldable<I> {
 pub trait BoundExistentialPredicates<I: Interner>:
     Copy + Debug + Hash + Eq + Relate<I> + SliceLike<Item = ty::Binder<I, ty::ExistentialPredicate<I>>>
 {
-    fn principal_def_id(self) -> Option<I::DefId>;
+    fn principal_def_id(self) -> Option<I::TraitId>;
 
     fn principal(self) -> Option<ty::Binder<I, ty::ExistentialTraitRef<I>>>;
 
-    fn auto_traits(self) -> impl IntoIterator<Item = I::DefId>;
+    fn auto_traits(self) -> impl IntoIterator<Item = I::TraitId>;
 
     fn projection_bounds(
         self,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/interner.rs b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/interner.rs
index e3231244577..21fe7879b29 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/interner.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/interner.rs
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use rustc_index::bit_set::DenseBitSet;
 use crate::fold::TypeFoldable;
 use crate::inherent::*;
 use crate::ir_print::IrPrint;
-use crate::lang_items::TraitSolverLangItem;
+use crate::lang_items::{SolverLangItem, SolverTraitLangItem};
 use crate::relate::Relate;
 use crate::solve::{CanonicalInput, ExternalConstraintsData, PredefinedOpaquesData, QueryResult};
 use crate::visit::{Flags, TypeVisitable};
@@ -38,6 +38,13 @@ pub trait Interner:
 
     type DefId: DefId<Self>;
     type LocalDefId: Copy + Debug + Hash + Eq + Into<Self::DefId> + TypeFoldable<Self>;
+    /// A `DefId` of a trait.
+    ///
+    /// In rustc this is just a `DefId`, but rust-analyzer uses different types for different items.
+    ///
+    /// Note: The `TryFrom<DefId>` always succeeds (in rustc), so don't use it to check if some `DefId`
+    /// is a trait!
+    type TraitId: DefId<Self> + Into<Self::DefId> + TryFrom<Self::DefId, Error: std::fmt::Debug>;
     type Span: Span<Self>;
 
     type GenericArgs: GenericArgs<Self>;
@@ -271,7 +278,7 @@ pub trait Interner:
 
     fn explicit_super_predicates_of(
         self,
-        def_id: Self::DefId,
+        def_id: Self::TraitId,
     ) -> ty::EarlyBinder<Self, impl IntoIterator<Item = (Self::Clause, Self::Span)>>;
 
     fn explicit_implied_predicates_of(
@@ -302,19 +309,25 @@ pub trait Interner:
 
     fn has_target_features(self, def_id: Self::DefId) -> bool;
 
-    fn require_lang_item(self, lang_item: TraitSolverLangItem) -> Self::DefId;
+    fn require_lang_item(self, lang_item: SolverLangItem) -> Self::DefId;
+
+    fn require_trait_lang_item(self, lang_item: SolverTraitLangItem) -> Self::TraitId;
+
+    fn is_lang_item(self, def_id: Self::DefId, lang_item: SolverLangItem) -> bool;
+
+    fn is_trait_lang_item(self, def_id: Self::TraitId, lang_item: SolverTraitLangItem) -> bool;
 
-    fn is_lang_item(self, def_id: Self::DefId, lang_item: TraitSolverLangItem) -> bool;
+    fn is_default_trait(self, def_id: Self::TraitId) -> bool;
 
-    fn is_default_trait(self, def_id: Self::DefId) -> bool;
+    fn as_lang_item(self, def_id: Self::DefId) -> Option<SolverLangItem>;
 
-    fn as_lang_item(self, def_id: Self::DefId) -> Option<TraitSolverLangItem>;
+    fn as_trait_lang_item(self, def_id: Self::TraitId) -> Option<SolverTraitLangItem>;
 
     fn associated_type_def_ids(self, def_id: Self::DefId) -> impl IntoIterator<Item = Self::DefId>;
 
     fn for_each_relevant_impl(
         self,
-        trait_def_id: Self::DefId,
+        trait_def_id: Self::TraitId,
         self_ty: Self::Ty,
         f: impl FnMut(Self::DefId),
     );
@@ -329,20 +342,20 @@ pub trait Interner:
 
     fn impl_polarity(self, impl_def_id: Self::DefId) -> ty::ImplPolarity;
 
-    fn trait_is_auto(self, trait_def_id: Self::DefId) -> bool;
+    fn trait_is_auto(self, trait_def_id: Self::TraitId) -> bool;
 
-    fn trait_is_coinductive(self, trait_def_id: Self::DefId) -> bool;
+    fn trait_is_coinductive(self, trait_def_id: Self::TraitId) -> bool;
 
-    fn trait_is_alias(self, trait_def_id: Self::DefId) -> bool;
+    fn trait_is_alias(self, trait_def_id: Self::TraitId) -> bool;
 
-    fn trait_is_dyn_compatible(self, trait_def_id: Self::DefId) -> bool;
+    fn trait_is_dyn_compatible(self, trait_def_id: Self::TraitId) -> bool;
 
-    fn trait_is_fundamental(self, def_id: Self::DefId) -> bool;
+    fn trait_is_fundamental(self, def_id: Self::TraitId) -> bool;
 
-    fn trait_may_be_implemented_via_object(self, trait_def_id: Self::DefId) -> bool;
+    fn trait_may_be_implemented_via_object(self, trait_def_id: Self::TraitId) -> bool;
 
     /// Returns `true` if this is an `unsafe trait`.
-    fn trait_is_unsafe(self, trait_def_id: Self::DefId) -> bool;
+    fn trait_is_unsafe(self, trait_def_id: Self::TraitId) -> bool;
 
     fn is_impl_trait_in_trait(self, def_id: Self::DefId) -> bool;
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/lang_items.rs b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/lang_items.rs
index f9994448e28..31f8f5be588 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/lang_items.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/lang_items.rs
@@ -1,40 +1,46 @@
 /// Lang items used by the new trait solver. This can be mapped to whatever internal
 /// representation of `LangItem`s used in the underlying compiler implementation.
-pub enum TraitSolverLangItem {
+pub enum SolverLangItem {
+    // tidy-alphabetical-start
+    AsyncFnKindUpvars,
+    AsyncFnOnceOutput,
+    CallOnceFuture,
+    CallRefFuture,
+    CoroutineReturn,
+    CoroutineYield,
+    DynMetadata,
+    FutureOutput,
+    Metadata,
+    Option,
+    Poll,
+    // tidy-alphabetical-end
+}
+
+pub enum SolverTraitLangItem {
     // tidy-alphabetical-start
     AsyncFn,
     AsyncFnKindHelper,
-    AsyncFnKindUpvars,
     AsyncFnMut,
     AsyncFnOnce,
     AsyncFnOnceOutput,
     AsyncIterator,
     BikeshedGuaranteedNoDrop,
-    CallOnceFuture,
-    CallRefFuture,
     Clone,
     Copy,
     Coroutine,
-    CoroutineReturn,
-    CoroutineYield,
     Destruct,
     DiscriminantKind,
     Drop,
-    DynMetadata,
     Fn,
     FnMut,
     FnOnce,
     FnPtrTrait,
     FusedIterator,
     Future,
-    FutureOutput,
     Iterator,
     MetaSized,
-    Metadata,
-    Option,
     PointeeSized,
     PointeeTrait,
-    Poll,
     Sized,
     TransmuteTrait,
     Tuple,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/predicate.rs b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/predicate.rs
index b53eb099c4b..a3300b88c43 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/predicate.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/predicate.rs
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ where
     derive(Decodable_NoContext, Encodable_NoContext, HashStable_NoContext)
 )]
 pub struct TraitRef<I: Interner> {
-    pub def_id: I::DefId,
+    pub def_id: I::TraitId,
     pub args: I::GenericArgs,
     /// This field exists to prevent the creation of `TraitRef` without
     /// calling [`TraitRef::new_from_args`].
@@ -68,32 +68,32 @@ pub struct TraitRef<I: Interner> {
 impl<I: Interner> Eq for TraitRef<I> {}
 
 impl<I: Interner> TraitRef<I> {
-    pub fn new_from_args(interner: I, trait_def_id: I::DefId, args: I::GenericArgs) -> Self {
-        interner.debug_assert_args_compatible(trait_def_id, args);
+    pub fn new_from_args(interner: I, trait_def_id: I::TraitId, args: I::GenericArgs) -> Self {
+        interner.debug_assert_args_compatible(trait_def_id.into(), args);
         Self { def_id: trait_def_id, args, _use_trait_ref_new_instead: () }
     }
 
     pub fn new(
         interner: I,
-        trait_def_id: I::DefId,
+        trait_def_id: I::TraitId,
         args: impl IntoIterator<Item: Into<I::GenericArg>>,
     ) -> Self {
         let args = interner.mk_args_from_iter(args.into_iter().map(Into::into));
         Self::new_from_args(interner, trait_def_id, args)
     }
 
-    pub fn from_assoc(interner: I, trait_id: I::DefId, args: I::GenericArgs) -> TraitRef<I> {
-        let generics = interner.generics_of(trait_id);
+    pub fn from_assoc(interner: I, trait_id: I::TraitId, args: I::GenericArgs) -> TraitRef<I> {
+        let generics = interner.generics_of(trait_id.into());
         TraitRef::new(interner, trait_id, args.iter().take(generics.count()))
     }
 
     /// Returns a `TraitRef` of the form `P0: Foo<P1..Pn>` where `Pi`
     /// are the parameters defined on trait.
-    pub fn identity(interner: I, def_id: I::DefId) -> TraitRef<I> {
+    pub fn identity(interner: I, def_id: I::TraitId) -> TraitRef<I> {
         TraitRef::new_from_args(
             interner,
             def_id,
-            I::GenericArgs::identity_for_item(interner, def_id),
+            I::GenericArgs::identity_for_item(interner, def_id.into()),
         )
     }
 
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ impl<I: Interner> ty::Binder<I, TraitRef<I>> {
         self.map_bound_ref(|tr| tr.self_ty())
     }
 
-    pub fn def_id(&self) -> I::DefId {
+    pub fn def_id(&self) -> I::TraitId {
         self.skip_binder().def_id
     }
 
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ impl<I: Interner> TraitPredicate<I> {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn def_id(self) -> I::DefId {
+    pub fn def_id(self) -> I::TraitId {
         self.trait_ref.def_id
     }
 
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ impl<I: Interner> TraitPredicate<I> {
 }
 
 impl<I: Interner> ty::Binder<I, TraitPredicate<I>> {
-    pub fn def_id(self) -> I::DefId {
+    pub fn def_id(self) -> I::TraitId {
         // Ok to skip binder since trait `DefId` does not care about regions.
         self.skip_binder().def_id()
     }
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ pub enum ExistentialPredicate<I: Interner> {
     /// E.g., `Iterator::Item = T`.
     Projection(ExistentialProjection<I>),
     /// E.g., `Send`.
-    AutoTrait(I::DefId),
+    AutoTrait(I::TraitId),
 }
 
 impl<I: Interner> Eq for ExistentialPredicate<I> {}
@@ -301,13 +301,14 @@ impl<I: Interner> ty::Binder<I, ExistentialPredicate<I>> {
                 self.rebind(p.with_self_ty(cx, self_ty)).upcast(cx)
             }
             ExistentialPredicate::AutoTrait(did) => {
-                let generics = cx.generics_of(did);
+                let generics = cx.generics_of(did.into());
                 let trait_ref = if generics.count() == 1 {
                     ty::TraitRef::new(cx, did, [self_ty])
                 } else {
                     // If this is an ill-formed auto trait, then synthesize
                     // new error args for the missing generics.
-                    let err_args = GenericArgs::extend_with_error(cx, did, &[self_ty.into()]);
+                    let err_args =
+                        GenericArgs::extend_with_error(cx, did.into(), &[self_ty.into()]);
                     ty::TraitRef::new_from_args(cx, did, err_args)
                 };
                 self.rebind(trait_ref).upcast(cx)
@@ -330,7 +331,7 @@ impl<I: Interner> ty::Binder<I, ExistentialPredicate<I>> {
     derive(Decodable_NoContext, Encodable_NoContext, HashStable_NoContext)
 )]
 pub struct ExistentialTraitRef<I: Interner> {
-    pub def_id: I::DefId,
+    pub def_id: I::TraitId,
     pub args: I::GenericArgs,
     /// This field exists to prevent the creation of `ExistentialTraitRef` without
     /// calling [`ExistentialTraitRef::new_from_args`].
@@ -340,14 +341,14 @@ pub struct ExistentialTraitRef<I: Interner> {
 impl<I: Interner> Eq for ExistentialTraitRef<I> {}
 
 impl<I: Interner> ExistentialTraitRef<I> {
-    pub fn new_from_args(interner: I, trait_def_id: I::DefId, args: I::GenericArgs) -> Self {
-        interner.debug_assert_existential_args_compatible(trait_def_id, args);
+    pub fn new_from_args(interner: I, trait_def_id: I::TraitId, args: I::GenericArgs) -> Self {
+        interner.debug_assert_existential_args_compatible(trait_def_id.into(), args);
         Self { def_id: trait_def_id, args, _use_existential_trait_ref_new_instead: () }
     }
 
     pub fn new(
         interner: I,
-        trait_def_id: I::DefId,
+        trait_def_id: I::TraitId,
         args: impl IntoIterator<Item: Into<I::GenericArg>>,
     ) -> Self {
         let args = interner.mk_args_from_iter(args.into_iter().map(Into::into));
@@ -378,7 +379,7 @@ impl<I: Interner> ExistentialTraitRef<I> {
 }
 
 impl<I: Interner> ty::Binder<I, ExistentialTraitRef<I>> {
-    pub fn def_id(&self) -> I::DefId {
+    pub fn def_id(&self) -> I::TraitId {
         self.skip_binder().def_id
     }
 
@@ -439,7 +440,7 @@ impl<I: Interner> ExistentialProjection<I> {
         let def_id = interner.parent(self.def_id);
         let args_count = interner.generics_of(def_id).count() - 1;
         let args = interner.mk_args(&self.args.as_slice()[..args_count]);
-        ExistentialTraitRef { def_id, args, _use_existential_trait_ref_new_instead: () }
+        ExistentialTraitRef::new_from_args(interner, def_id.try_into().unwrap(), args)
     }
 
     pub fn with_self_ty(&self, interner: I, self_ty: I::Ty) -> ProjectionPredicate<I> {
@@ -675,7 +676,7 @@ impl<I: Interner> AliasTerm<I> {
         )
     }
 
-    pub fn trait_def_id(self, interner: I) -> I::DefId {
+    pub fn trait_def_id(self, interner: I) -> I::TraitId {
         assert!(
             matches!(
                 self.kind(interner),
@@ -683,7 +684,7 @@ impl<I: Interner> AliasTerm<I> {
             ),
             "expected a projection"
         );
-        interner.parent(self.def_id)
+        interner.parent(self.def_id).try_into().unwrap()
     }
 
     /// Extracts the underlying trait reference and own args from this projection.
@@ -787,7 +788,7 @@ impl<I: Interner> ProjectionPredicate<I> {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn trait_def_id(self, interner: I) -> I::DefId {
+    pub fn trait_def_id(self, interner: I) -> I::TraitId {
         self.projection_term.trait_def_id(interner)
     }
 
@@ -799,7 +800,7 @@ impl<I: Interner> ProjectionPredicate<I> {
 impl<I: Interner> ty::Binder<I, ProjectionPredicate<I>> {
     /// Returns the `DefId` of the trait of the associated item being projected.
     #[inline]
-    pub fn trait_def_id(&self, cx: I) -> I::DefId {
+    pub fn trait_def_id(&self, cx: I) -> I::TraitId {
         self.skip_binder().projection_term.trait_def_id(cx)
     }
 
@@ -847,7 +848,7 @@ impl<I: Interner> NormalizesTo<I> {
         Self { alias: self.alias.with_replaced_self_ty(interner, self_ty), ..self }
     }
 
-    pub fn trait_def_id(self, interner: I) -> I::DefId {
+    pub fn trait_def_id(self, interner: I) -> I::TraitId {
         self.alias.trait_def_id(interner)
     }
 
@@ -884,13 +885,13 @@ impl<I: Interner> HostEffectPredicate<I> {
         Self { trait_ref: self.trait_ref.with_replaced_self_ty(interner, self_ty), ..self }
     }
 
-    pub fn def_id(self) -> I::DefId {
+    pub fn def_id(self) -> I::TraitId {
         self.trait_ref.def_id
     }
 }
 
 impl<I: Interner> ty::Binder<I, HostEffectPredicate<I>> {
-    pub fn def_id(self) -> I::DefId {
+    pub fn def_id(self) -> I::TraitId {
         // Ok to skip binder since trait `DefId` does not care about regions.
         self.skip_binder().def_id()
     }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/predicate_kind.rs b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/predicate_kind.rs
index ff92a0070cc..785d41929cf 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/predicate_kind.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/predicate_kind.rs
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ pub enum PredicateKind<I: Interner> {
     Clause(ClauseKind<I>),
 
     /// Trait must be dyn-compatible.
-    DynCompatible(I::DefId),
+    DynCompatible(I::TraitId),
 
     /// `T1 <: T2`
     ///
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/solve/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/solve/mod.rs
index 1497236039f..b6d362d77c4 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/solve/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_type_ir/src/solve/mod.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use derive_where::derive_where;
 use rustc_macros::{Decodable_NoContext, Encodable_NoContext, HashStable_NoContext};
 use rustc_type_ir_macros::{Lift_Generic, TypeFoldable_Generic, TypeVisitable_Generic};
 
-use crate::lang_items::TraitSolverLangItem;
+use crate::lang_items::SolverTraitLangItem;
 use crate::search_graph::PathKind;
 use crate::{self as ty, Canonical, CanonicalVarValues, Interner, Upcast};
 
@@ -386,10 +386,10 @@ pub enum SizedTraitKind {
 
 impl SizedTraitKind {
     /// Returns `DefId` of corresponding language item.
-    pub fn require_lang_item<I: Interner>(self, cx: I) -> I::DefId {
-        cx.require_lang_item(match self {
-            SizedTraitKind::Sized => TraitSolverLangItem::Sized,
-            SizedTraitKind::MetaSized => TraitSolverLangItem::MetaSized,
+    pub fn require_lang_item<I: Interner>(self, cx: I) -> I::TraitId {
+        cx.require_trait_lang_item(match self {
+            SizedTraitKind::Sized => SolverTraitLangItem::Sized,
+            SizedTraitKind::MetaSized => SolverTraitLangItem::MetaSized,
         })
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/tools/miri/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/src/tools/miri/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 7d79c384f85..c0fed96d4e6 100644
--- a/src/tools/miri/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/src/tools/miri/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -41,6 +41,11 @@ jobs:
             multiarch: s390x
             gcc_cross: s390x-linux-gnu
             qemu: true
+          - host_target: powerpc64le-unknown-linux-gnu
+            os: ubuntu-latest
+            multiarch: ppc64el
+            gcc_cross: powerpc64le-linux-gnu
+            qemu: true
           - host_target: aarch64-apple-darwin
             os: macos-latest
           - host_target: i686-pc-windows-msvc
diff --git a/src/tools/miri/cargo-miri/Cargo.lock b/src/tools/miri/cargo-miri/Cargo.lock
index b3f5dafab64..ea9c04a3cb5 100644
--- a/src/tools/miri/cargo-miri/Cargo.lock
+++ b/src/tools/miri/cargo-miri/Cargo.lock
@@ -429,9 +429,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustc-build-sysroot"
-version = "0.5.9"
+version = "0.5.10"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "fdb13874a0e55baf4ac3d49d38206aecb31a55b75d6c4d04fd850b53942c8cc8"
+checksum = "dd41ead66a69880951b2f7df3139db401d44451b4da123344d27eaa791b89c95"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "rustc_version",
diff --git a/src/tools/miri/cargo-miri/Cargo.toml b/src/tools/miri/cargo-miri/Cargo.toml
index 77cb1df8e74..64b56ea114e 100644
--- a/src/tools/miri/cargo-miri/Cargo.toml
+++ b/src/tools/miri/cargo-miri/Cargo.toml
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ directories = "6"
 rustc_version = "0.4"
 serde_json = "1.0.40"
 cargo_metadata = "0.21"
-rustc-build-sysroot = "0.5.8"
+rustc-build-sysroot = "0.5.10"
 
 # Enable some feature flags that dev-dependencies need but dependencies
 # do not.  This makes `./miri install` after `./miri build` faster.
diff --git a/src/tools/miri/rust-version b/src/tools/miri/rust-version
index 59adc572eaa..5e833540002 100644
--- a/src/tools/miri/rust-version
+++ b/src/tools/miri/rust-version
@@ -1 +1 @@
-f605b57042ffeb320d7ae44490113a827139b766
+269d5b56bcfdf2be82213e72ef9a2e4c592a8c6b
diff --git a/src/tools/miri/src/bin/log/mod.rs b/src/tools/miri/src/bin/log/mod.rs
index f3b2fdb5348..22f74dd46b5 100644
--- a/src/tools/miri/src/bin/log/mod.rs
+++ b/src/tools/miri/src/bin/log/mod.rs
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
 pub mod setup;
 mod tracing_chrome;
+mod tracing_chrome_instant;
diff --git a/src/tools/miri/src/bin/log/tracing_chrome.rs b/src/tools/miri/src/bin/log/tracing_chrome.rs
index 3379816550c..310887a13a5 100644
--- a/src/tools/miri/src/bin/log/tracing_chrome.rs
+++ b/src/tools/miri/src/bin/log/tracing_chrome.rs
@@ -7,12 +7,15 @@
 //! (`git log -- path/to/tracing_chrome.rs`), but in summary:
 //! - the file attributes were changed and `extern crate` was added at the top
 //! - if a tracing span has a field called "tracing_separate_thread", it will be given a separate
-//! span ID even in [TraceStyle::Threaded] mode, to make it appear on a separate line when viewing
-//! the trace in <https://ui.perfetto.dev>. This is the syntax to trigger this behavior:
+//!   span ID even in [TraceStyle::Threaded] mode, to make it appear on a separate line when viewing
+//!   the trace in <https://ui.perfetto.dev>. This is the syntax to trigger this behavior:
 //!   ```rust
 //!   tracing::info_span!("my_span", tracing_separate_thread = tracing::field::Empty, /* ... */)
 //!   ```
-//! - use i64 instead of u64 for the "id" in [ChromeLayer::get_root_id] to be compatible with Perfetto
+//! - use i64 instead of u64 for the "id" in [ChromeLayer::get_root_id] to be compatible with
+//!   Perfetto
+//! - use [ChromeLayer::with_elapsed_micros_subtracting_tracing] to make time measurements faster on
+//!   Linux x86/x86_64 and to subtract time spent tracing from the timestamps in the trace file
 //!
 //! Depending on the tracing-chrome crate from crates.io is unfortunately not possible, since it
 //! depends on `tracing_core` which conflicts with rustc_private's `tracing_core` (meaning it would
@@ -50,9 +53,22 @@ use std::{
     thread::JoinHandle,
 };
 
+use crate::log::tracing_chrome_instant::TracingChromeInstant;
+
+/// Contains thread-local data for threads that send tracing spans or events.
+struct ThreadData {
+    /// A unique ID for this thread, will populate "tid" field in the output trace file.
+    tid: usize,
+    /// A clone of [ChromeLayer::out] to avoid the expensive operation of accessing a mutex
+    /// every time. This is used to send [Message]s to the thread that saves trace data to file.
+    out: Sender<Message>,
+    /// The instant in time this thread was started. All events happening on this thread will be
+    /// saved to the trace file with a timestamp (the "ts" field) measured relative to this instant.
+    start: TracingChromeInstant,
+}
+
 thread_local! {
-    static OUT: RefCell<Option<Sender<Message>>> = const { RefCell::new(None) };
-    static TID: RefCell<Option<usize>> = const { RefCell::new(None) };
+    static THREAD_DATA: RefCell<Option<ThreadData>> = const { RefCell::new(None) };
 }
 
 type NameFn<S> = Box<dyn Fn(&EventOrSpan<'_, '_, S>) -> String + Send + Sync>;
@@ -64,7 +80,6 @@ where
     S: Subscriber + for<'span> LookupSpan<'span> + Send + Sync,
 {
     out: Arc<Mutex<Sender<Message>>>,
-    start: std::time::Instant,
     max_tid: AtomicUsize,
     include_args: bool,
     include_locations: bool,
@@ -323,7 +338,6 @@ where
 {
     fn new(mut builder: ChromeLayerBuilder<S>) -> (ChromeLayer<S>, FlushGuard) {
         let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel();
-        OUT.with(|val| val.replace(Some(tx.clone())));
 
         let out_writer = builder
             .out_writer
@@ -443,7 +457,6 @@ where
         };
         let layer = ChromeLayer {
             out: Arc::new(Mutex::new(tx)),
-            start: std::time::Instant::now(),
             max_tid: AtomicUsize::new(0),
             name_fn: builder.name_fn.take(),
             cat_fn: builder.cat_fn.take(),
@@ -456,22 +469,7 @@ where
         (layer, guard)
     }
 
-    fn get_tid(&self) -> (usize, bool) {
-        TID.with(|value| {
-            let tid = *value.borrow();
-            match tid {
-                Some(tid) => (tid, false),
-                None => {
-                    let tid = self.max_tid.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
-                    value.replace(Some(tid));
-                    (tid, true)
-                }
-            }
-        })
-    }
-
-    fn get_callsite(&self, data: EventOrSpan<S>) -> Callsite {
-        let (tid, new_thread) = self.get_tid();
+    fn get_callsite(&self, data: EventOrSpan<S>, tid: usize) -> Callsite {
         let name = self.name_fn.as_ref().map(|name_fn| name_fn(&data));
         let target = self.cat_fn.as_ref().map(|cat_fn| cat_fn(&data));
         let meta = match data {
@@ -502,14 +500,6 @@ where
             (None, None)
         };
 
-        if new_thread {
-            let name = match std::thread::current().name() {
-                Some(name) => name.to_owned(),
-                None => tid.to_string(),
-            };
-            self.send_message(Message::NewThread(tid, name));
-        }
-
         Callsite {
             tid,
             name,
@@ -548,31 +538,55 @@ where
         }
     }
 
-    fn enter_span(&self, span: SpanRef<S>, ts: f64) {
-        let callsite = self.get_callsite(EventOrSpan::Span(&span));
+    fn enter_span(&self, span: SpanRef<S>, ts: f64, tid: usize, out: &Sender<Message>) {
+        let callsite = self.get_callsite(EventOrSpan::Span(&span), tid);
         let root_id = self.get_root_id(span);
-        self.send_message(Message::Enter(ts, callsite, root_id));
+        let _ignored = out.send(Message::Enter(ts, callsite, root_id));
     }
 
-    fn exit_span(&self, span: SpanRef<S>, ts: f64) {
-        let callsite = self.get_callsite(EventOrSpan::Span(&span));
+    fn exit_span(&self, span: SpanRef<S>, ts: f64, tid: usize, out: &Sender<Message>) {
+        let callsite = self.get_callsite(EventOrSpan::Span(&span), tid);
         let root_id = self.get_root_id(span);
-        self.send_message(Message::Exit(ts, callsite, root_id));
+        let _ignored = out.send(Message::Exit(ts, callsite, root_id));
     }
 
-    fn get_ts(&self) -> f64 {
-        self.start.elapsed().as_nanos() as f64 / 1000.0
-    }
+    /// Helper function that measures how much time is spent while executing `f` and accounts for it
+    /// in subsequent calls, with the aim to reduce biases in the data collected by `tracing_chrome`
+    /// by subtracting the time spent inside tracing functions from the timeline. This makes it so
+    /// that the time spent inside the `tracing_chrome` functions does not impact the timestamps
+    /// inside the trace file (i.e. `ts`), even if such functions are slow (e.g. because they need
+    /// to format arguments on the same thread those arguments are collected on, otherwise memory
+    /// safety would be broken).
+    ///
+    /// `f` is called with the microseconds elapsed since the current thread was started (**not**
+    /// since the program start!), with the current thread ID (i.e. `tid`), and with a [Sender] that
+    /// can be used to send a [Message] to the thread that collects [Message]s and saves them to the
+    /// trace file.
+    #[inline(always)]
+    fn with_elapsed_micros_subtracting_tracing(&self, f: impl Fn(f64, usize, &Sender<Message>)) {
+        THREAD_DATA.with(|value| {
+            let mut thread_data = value.borrow_mut();
+            let (ThreadData { tid, out, start }, new_thread) = match thread_data.as_mut() {
+                Some(thread_data) => (thread_data, false),
+                None => {
+                    let tid = self.max_tid.fetch_add(1, Ordering::SeqCst);
+                    let out = self.out.lock().unwrap().clone();
+                    let start = TracingChromeInstant::setup_for_thread_and_start(tid);
+                    *thread_data = Some(ThreadData { tid, out, start });
+                    (thread_data.as_mut().unwrap(), true)
+                }
+            };
 
-    fn send_message(&self, message: Message) {
-        OUT.with(move |val| {
-            if val.borrow().is_some() {
-                let _ignored = val.borrow().as_ref().unwrap().send(message);
-            } else {
-                let out = self.out.lock().unwrap().clone();
-                let _ignored = out.send(message);
-                val.replace(Some(out));
-            }
+            start.with_elapsed_micros_subtracting_tracing(|ts| {
+                if new_thread {
+                    let name = match std::thread::current().name() {
+                        Some(name) => name.to_owned(),
+                        None => tid.to_string(),
+                    };
+                    let _ignored = out.send(Message::NewThread(*tid, name));
+                }
+                f(ts, *tid, out);
+            });
         });
     }
 }
@@ -586,52 +600,58 @@ where
             return;
         }
 
-        let ts = self.get_ts();
-        self.enter_span(ctx.span(id).expect("Span not found."), ts);
+        self.with_elapsed_micros_subtracting_tracing(|ts, tid, out| {
+            self.enter_span(ctx.span(id).expect("Span not found."), ts, tid, out);
+        });
     }
 
     fn on_record(&self, id: &span::Id, values: &span::Record<'_>, ctx: Context<'_, S>) {
         if self.include_args {
-            let span = ctx.span(id).unwrap();
-            let mut exts = span.extensions_mut();
+            self.with_elapsed_micros_subtracting_tracing(|_, _, _| {
+                let span = ctx.span(id).unwrap();
+                let mut exts = span.extensions_mut();
 
-            let args = exts.get_mut::<ArgsWrapper>();
+                let args = exts.get_mut::<ArgsWrapper>();
 
-            if let Some(args) = args {
-                let args = Arc::make_mut(&mut args.args);
-                values.record(&mut JsonVisitor { object: args });
-            }
+                if let Some(args) = args {
+                    let args = Arc::make_mut(&mut args.args);
+                    values.record(&mut JsonVisitor { object: args });
+                }
+            });
         }
     }
 
     fn on_event(&self, event: &Event<'_>, _ctx: Context<'_, S>) {
-        let ts = self.get_ts();
-        let callsite = self.get_callsite(EventOrSpan::Event(event));
-        self.send_message(Message::Event(ts, callsite));
+        self.with_elapsed_micros_subtracting_tracing(|ts, tid, out| {
+            let callsite = self.get_callsite(EventOrSpan::Event(event), tid);
+            let _ignored = out.send(Message::Event(ts, callsite));
+        });
     }
 
     fn on_exit(&self, id: &span::Id, ctx: Context<'_, S>) {
         if let TraceStyle::Async = self.trace_style {
             return;
         }
-        let ts = self.get_ts();
-        self.exit_span(ctx.span(id).expect("Span not found."), ts);
+        self.with_elapsed_micros_subtracting_tracing(|ts, tid, out| {
+            self.exit_span(ctx.span(id).expect("Span not found."), ts, tid, out);
+        });
     }
 
     fn on_new_span(&self, attrs: &span::Attributes<'_>, id: &span::Id, ctx: Context<'_, S>) {
-        if self.include_args {
-            let mut args = Object::new();
-            attrs.record(&mut JsonVisitor { object: &mut args });
-            ctx.span(id).unwrap().extensions_mut().insert(ArgsWrapper {
-                args: Arc::new(args),
-            });
-        }
-        if let TraceStyle::Threaded = self.trace_style {
-            return;
-        }
+        self.with_elapsed_micros_subtracting_tracing(|ts, tid, out| {
+            if self.include_args {
+                let mut args = Object::new();
+                attrs.record(&mut JsonVisitor { object: &mut args });
+                ctx.span(id).unwrap().extensions_mut().insert(ArgsWrapper {
+                    args: Arc::new(args),
+                });
+            }
+            if let TraceStyle::Threaded = self.trace_style {
+                return;
+            }
 
-        let ts = self.get_ts();
-        self.enter_span(ctx.span(id).expect("Span not found."), ts);
+            self.enter_span(ctx.span(id).expect("Span not found."), ts, tid, out);
+        });
     }
 
     fn on_close(&self, id: span::Id, ctx: Context<'_, S>) {
@@ -639,8 +659,9 @@ where
             return;
         }
 
-        let ts = self.get_ts();
-        self.exit_span(ctx.span(&id).expect("Span not found."), ts);
+        self.with_elapsed_micros_subtracting_tracing(|ts, tid, out| {
+            self.exit_span(ctx.span(&id).expect("Span not found."), ts, tid, out);
+        });
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/tools/miri/src/bin/log/tracing_chrome_instant.rs b/src/tools/miri/src/bin/log/tracing_chrome_instant.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f400bc20a7b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tools/miri/src/bin/log/tracing_chrome_instant.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+//! Code in this class was in part inspired by
+//! <https://github.com/tikv/minstant/blob/27c9ec5ec90b5b67113a748a4defee0d2519518c/src/tsc_now.rs>.
+//! A useful resource is also
+//! <https://www.pingcap.com/blog/how-we-trace-a-kv-database-with-less-than-5-percent-performance-impact/>,
+//! although this file does not implement TSC synchronization but insteads pins threads to CPUs,
+//! since the former is not reliable (i.e. it might lead to non-monotonic time measurements).
+//! Another useful resource for future improvements might be measureme's time measurement utils:
+//! <https://github.com/rust-lang/measureme/blob/master/measureme/src/counters.rs>.
+//! Documentation about how the Linux kernel chooses a clock source can be found here:
+//! <https://btorpey.github.io/blog/2014/02/18/clock-sources-in-linux/>.
+#![cfg(feature = "tracing")]
+
+/// This alternative `TracingChromeInstant` implementation was made entirely to suit the needs of
+/// [crate::log::tracing_chrome], and shouldn't be used for anything else. It featues two functions:
+/// - [TracingChromeInstant::setup_for_thread_and_start], which sets up the current thread to do
+///   proper time tracking and returns a point in time to use as "t=0", and
+/// - [TracingChromeInstant::with_elapsed_micros_subtracting_tracing], which allows
+///   obtaining how much time elapsed since [TracingChromeInstant::setup_for_thread_and_start] was
+///   called while accounting for (and subtracting) the time spent inside tracing-related functions.
+///
+/// This measures time using [std::time::Instant], except for x86/x86_64 Linux machines, where
+/// [std::time::Instant] is too slow (~1.5us) and thus `rdtsc` is used instead (~5ns).
+pub enum TracingChromeInstant {
+    WallTime {
+        /// The time at which this instant was created, shifted forward to account
+        /// for time spent in tracing functions as explained in
+        /// [TracingChromeInstant::with_elapsed_micros_subtracting_tracing]'s comments.
+        start_instant: std::time::Instant,
+    },
+    #[cfg(all(target_os = "linux", any(target_arch = "x86", target_arch = "x86_64")))]
+    Tsc {
+        /// The value in the TSC counter when this instant was created, shifted forward to account
+        /// for time spent in tracing functions as explained in
+        /// [TracingChromeInstant::with_elapsed_micros_subtracting_tracing]'s comments.
+        start_tsc: u64,
+        /// The period of the TSC counter in microseconds.
+        tsc_to_microseconds: f64,
+    },
+}
+
+impl TracingChromeInstant {
+    /// Can be thought of as the same as [std::time::Instant::now()], but also does some setup to
+    /// make TSC stable in case TSC is available. This is supposed to be called (at most) once per
+    /// thread since the thread setup takes a few milliseconds.
+    ///
+    /// WARNING: If TSC is available, `incremental_thread_id` is used to pick to which CPU to pin
+    /// the current thread. Thread IDs should be assigned contiguously starting from 0. Be aware
+    /// that the current thread will be restricted to one CPU for the rest of the execution!
+    pub fn setup_for_thread_and_start(incremental_thread_id: usize) -> TracingChromeInstant {
+        #[cfg(all(target_os = "linux", any(target_arch = "x86", target_arch = "x86_64")))]
+        if *tsc::IS_TSC_AVAILABLE.get_or_init(tsc::is_tsc_available) {
+            // We need to lock this thread to a specific CPU, because CPUs' TSC timers might be out
+            // of sync.
+            tsc::set_cpu_affinity(incremental_thread_id);
+
+            // Can only use tsc_to_microseconds() and rdtsc() after having set the CPU affinity!
+            // We compute tsc_to_microseconds anew for every new thread just in case some CPU core
+            // has a different TSC frequency.
+            let tsc_to_microseconds = tsc::tsc_to_microseconds();
+            let start_tsc = tsc::rdtsc();
+            return TracingChromeInstant::Tsc { start_tsc, tsc_to_microseconds };
+        }
+
+        let _ = incremental_thread_id; // otherwise we get a warning when the TSC branch is disabled
+        TracingChromeInstant::WallTime { start_instant: std::time::Instant::now() }
+    }
+
+    /// Calls `f` with the time elapsed in microseconds since this [TracingChromeInstant] was built
+    /// by [TracingChromeInstant::setup_for_thread_and_start], while subtracting all time previously
+    /// spent executing other `f`s passed to this function. This behavior allows subtracting time
+    /// spent in functions that log tracing data (which `f` is supposed to be) from the tracing time
+    /// measurements.
+    ///
+    /// Note: microseconds are used as the time unit since that's what Chrome trace files should
+    /// contain, see the definition of the "ts" field in
+    /// <https://docs.google.com/document/d/1CvAClvFfyA5R-PhYUmn5OOQtYMH4h6I0nSsKchNAySU/preview>.
+    #[inline(always)]
+    pub fn with_elapsed_micros_subtracting_tracing(&mut self, f: impl Fn(f64)) {
+        match self {
+            TracingChromeInstant::WallTime { start_instant } => {
+                // Obtain the current time (before executing `f`).
+                let instant_before_f = std::time::Instant::now();
+
+                // Using the current time (`instant_before_f`) and the `start_instant` stored in
+                // `self`, calculate the elapsed time (in microseconds) since this instant was
+                // instantiated, accounting for any time that was previously spent executing `f`.
+                // The "accounting" part is not computed in this line, but is rather done by
+                // shifting forward the `start_instant` down below.
+                let ts = (instant_before_f - *start_instant).as_nanos() as f64 / 1000.0;
+
+                // Run the function (supposedly a function internal to the tracing infrastructure).
+                f(ts);
+
+                // Measure how much time was spent executing `f` and shift `start_instant` forward
+                // by that amount. This "removes" that time from the trace.
+                *start_instant += std::time::Instant::now() - instant_before_f;
+            }
+
+            #[cfg(all(target_os = "linux", any(target_arch = "x86", target_arch = "x86_64")))]
+            TracingChromeInstant::Tsc { start_tsc, tsc_to_microseconds } => {
+                // the comments above also apply here, since it's the same logic
+                let tsc_before_f = tsc::rdtsc();
+                let ts = ((tsc_before_f - *start_tsc) as f64) * (*tsc_to_microseconds);
+                f(ts);
+                *start_tsc += tsc::rdtsc() - tsc_before_f;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(all(target_os = "linux", any(target_arch = "x86", target_arch = "x86_64")))]
+mod tsc {
+
+    pub static IS_TSC_AVAILABLE: std::sync::OnceLock<bool> = std::sync::OnceLock::new();
+
+    /// Reads the timestamp-counter register. Will give monotonic answers only when called from the
+    /// same thread, because the TSC of different CPUs might be out of sync.
+    #[inline(always)]
+    pub(super) fn rdtsc() -> u64 {
+        #[cfg(target_arch = "x86")]
+        use core::arch::x86::_rdtsc;
+        #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+        use core::arch::x86_64::_rdtsc;
+
+        unsafe { _rdtsc() }
+    }
+
+    /// Estimates the frequency of the TSC counter by waiting 10ms in a busy loop and
+    /// looking at how much the TSC increased in the meantime.
+    pub(super) fn tsc_to_microseconds() -> f64 {
+        const BUSY_WAIT: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_millis(10);
+        let tsc_start = rdtsc();
+        let instant_start = std::time::Instant::now();
+        while instant_start.elapsed() < BUSY_WAIT {
+            // `thread::sleep()` is not very precise at waking up the program at the right time,
+            // so use a busy loop instead.
+            core::hint::spin_loop();
+        }
+        let tsc_end = rdtsc();
+        (BUSY_WAIT.as_nanos() as f64) / 1000.0 / ((tsc_end - tsc_start) as f64)
+    }
+
+    /// Checks whether the TSC counter is available and runs at a constant rate independently
+    /// of CPU frequency even across different power states of the CPU (i.e. checks for the
+    /// `invariant_tsc` CPUID flag).
+    pub(super) fn is_tsc_available() -> bool {
+        #[cfg(target_arch = "x86")]
+        use core::arch::x86::__cpuid;
+        #[cfg(target_arch = "x86_64")]
+        use core::arch::x86_64::__cpuid;
+
+        // implemented like https://docs.rs/raw-cpuid/latest/src/raw_cpuid/extended.rs.html#965-967
+        const LEAF: u32 = 0x80000007; // this is the leaf for "advanced power management info"
+        let cpuid = unsafe { __cpuid(LEAF) };
+        (cpuid.edx & (1 << 8)) != 0 // EDX bit 8 indicates invariant TSC
+    }
+
+    /// Forces the current thread to run on a single CPU, which ensures the TSC counter is monotonic
+    /// (since TSCs of different CPUs might be out-of-sync). `incremental_thread_id` is used to pick
+    /// to which CPU to pin the current thread, and should be an incremental number that starts from
+    /// 0.
+    pub(super) fn set_cpu_affinity(incremental_thread_id: usize) {
+        let cpu_id = match std::thread::available_parallelism() {
+            Ok(available_parallelism) => incremental_thread_id % available_parallelism,
+            _ => panic!("Could not determine CPU count to properly set CPU affinity"),
+        };
+
+        let mut set = unsafe { std::mem::zeroed::<libc::cpu_set_t>() };
+        unsafe { libc::CPU_SET(cpu_id, &mut set) };
+
+        // Set the current thread's core affinity.
+        if unsafe {
+            libc::sched_setaffinity(
+                0, // Defaults to current thread
+                size_of::<libc::cpu_set_t>(),
+                &set as *const _,
+            )
+        } != 0
+        {
+            panic!("Could not set CPU affinity")
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tools/miri/src/borrow_tracker/tree_borrows/mod.rs b/src/tools/miri/src/borrow_tracker/tree_borrows/mod.rs
index ad2a67160f4..bed65440dc9 100644
--- a/src/tools/miri/src/borrow_tracker/tree_borrows/mod.rs
+++ b/src/tools/miri/src/borrow_tracker/tree_borrows/mod.rs
@@ -125,81 +125,64 @@ pub struct NewPermission {
     /// Whether a read access should be performed on the non-frozen
     /// part on a retag.
     nonfreeze_access: bool,
+    /// Permission for memory outside the range.
+    outside_perm: Permission,
     /// Whether this pointer is part of the arguments of a function call.
     /// `protector` is `Some(_)` for all pointers marked `noalias`.
     protector: Option<ProtectorKind>,
 }
 
 impl<'tcx> NewPermission {
-    /// Determine NewPermission of the reference from the type of the pointee.
-    fn from_ref_ty(
+    /// Determine NewPermission of the reference/Box from the type of the pointee.
+    ///
+    /// A `ref_mutability` of `None` indicates a `Box` type.
+    fn new(
         pointee: Ty<'tcx>,
-        mutability: Mutability,
-        kind: RetagKind,
+        ref_mutability: Option<Mutability>,
+        retag_kind: RetagKind,
         cx: &crate::MiriInterpCx<'tcx>,
     ) -> Option<Self> {
         let ty_is_unpin = pointee.is_unpin(*cx.tcx, cx.typing_env());
-        let is_protected = kind == RetagKind::FnEntry;
-        let protector = is_protected.then_some(ProtectorKind::StrongProtector);
-
-        Some(match mutability {
-            Mutability::Mut if ty_is_unpin =>
-                NewPermission {
-                    freeze_perm: Permission::new_reserved(
-                        /* ty_is_freeze */ true,
-                        is_protected,
-                    ),
-                    freeze_access: true,
-                    nonfreeze_perm: Permission::new_reserved(
-                        /* ty_is_freeze */ false,
-                        is_protected,
-                    ),
-                    // If we have a mutable reference, then the non-frozen part will
-                    // have state `ReservedIM` or `Reserved`, which can have an initial read access
-                    // performed on it because you cannot have multiple mutable borrows.
-                    nonfreeze_access: true,
-                    protector,
-                },
-            Mutability::Not =>
-                NewPermission {
-                    freeze_perm: Permission::new_frozen(),
-                    freeze_access: true,
-                    nonfreeze_perm: Permission::new_cell(),
-                    // If it is a shared reference, then the non-frozen
-                    // part will have state `Cell`, which should not have an initial access,
-                    // as this can cause data races when using thread-safe data types like
-                    // `Mutex<T>`.
-                    nonfreeze_access: false,
-                    protector,
-                },
-            _ => return None,
-        })
-    }
+        let ty_is_freeze = pointee.is_freeze(*cx.tcx, cx.typing_env());
+        let is_protected = retag_kind == RetagKind::FnEntry;
 
-    /// Compute permission for `Box`-like type (`Box` always, and also `Unique` if enabled).
-    /// These pointers allow deallocation so need a different kind of protector not handled
-    /// by `from_ref_ty`.
-    fn from_unique_ty(
-        ty: Ty<'tcx>,
-        kind: RetagKind,
-        cx: &crate::MiriInterpCx<'tcx>,
-    ) -> Option<Self> {
-        let pointee = ty.builtin_deref(true).unwrap();
-        pointee.is_unpin(*cx.tcx, cx.typing_env()).then_some(()).map(|()| {
-            // Regular `Unpin` box, give it `noalias` but only a weak protector
-            // because it is valid to deallocate it within the function.
-            let is_protected = kind == RetagKind::FnEntry;
-            let protector = is_protected.then_some(ProtectorKind::WeakProtector);
-            NewPermission {
-                freeze_perm: Permission::new_reserved(/* ty_is_freeze */ true, is_protected),
-                freeze_access: true,
-                nonfreeze_perm: Permission::new_reserved(
-                    /* ty_is_freeze */ false,
-                    is_protected,
-                ),
-                nonfreeze_access: true,
-                protector,
-            }
+        if matches!(ref_mutability, Some(Mutability::Mut) | None if !ty_is_unpin) {
+            // Mutable reference / Box to pinning type: retagging is a NOP.
+            // FIXME: with `UnsafePinned`, this should do proper per-byte tracking.
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        let freeze_perm = match ref_mutability {
+            // Shared references are frozen.
+            Some(Mutability::Not) => Permission::new_frozen(),
+            // Mutable references and Boxes are reserved.
+            _ => Permission::new_reserved_frz(),
+        };
+        let nonfreeze_perm = match ref_mutability {
+            // Shared references are "transparent".
+            Some(Mutability::Not) => Permission::new_cell(),
+            // *Protected* mutable references and boxes are reserved without regarding for interior mutability.
+            _ if is_protected => Permission::new_reserved_frz(),
+            // Unprotected mutable references and boxes start in `ReservedIm`.
+            _ => Permission::new_reserved_im(),
+        };
+
+        // Everything except for `Cell` gets an initial access.
+        let initial_access = |perm: &Permission| !perm.is_cell();
+
+        Some(NewPermission {
+            freeze_perm,
+            freeze_access: initial_access(&freeze_perm),
+            nonfreeze_perm,
+            nonfreeze_access: initial_access(&nonfreeze_perm),
+            outside_perm: if ty_is_freeze { freeze_perm } else { nonfreeze_perm },
+            protector: is_protected.then_some(if ref_mutability.is_some() {
+                // Strong protector for references
+                ProtectorKind::StrongProtector
+            } else {
+                // Weak protector for boxes
+                ProtectorKind::WeakProtector
+            }),
         })
     }
 }
@@ -313,30 +296,20 @@ trait EvalContextPrivExt<'tcx>: crate::MiriInterpCxExt<'tcx> {
 
         let span = this.machine.current_span();
 
-        // Store initial permissions and their corresponding range.
-        let mut perms_map: DedupRangeMap<LocationState> = DedupRangeMap::new(
-            ptr_size,
-            LocationState::new_accessed(Permission::new_disabled(), IdempotentForeignAccess::None), // this will be overwritten
-        );
-        // Keep track of whether the node has any part that allows for interior mutability.
-        // FIXME: This misses `PhantomData<UnsafeCell<T>>` which could be considered a marker
-        // for requesting interior mutability.
-        let mut has_unsafe_cell = false;
-
         // When adding a new node, the SIFA of its parents needs to be updated, potentially across
         // the entire memory range. For the parts that are being accessed below, the access itself
-        // trivially takes care of that. However, we have to do some more work to also deal with
-        // the parts that are not being accessed. Specifically what we do is that we
-        // call `update_last_accessed_after_retag` on the SIFA of the permission set for the part of
-        // memory outside `perm_map` -- so that part is definitely taken care of. The remaining concern
-        // is the part of memory that is in the range of `perms_map`, but not accessed below.
-        // There we have two cases:
-        // * If we do have an `UnsafeCell` (`has_unsafe_cell` becomes true), then the non-accessed part
-        //   uses `nonfreeze_perm`, so the `nonfreeze_perm` initialized parts are also fine. We enforce
-        //   the `freeze_perm` parts to be accessed, and thus everything is taken care of.
-        // * If there is no `UnsafeCell`, then `freeze_perm` is used everywhere (both inside and outside the initial range),
-        //   and we update everything to have the `freeze_perm`'s SIFA, so there are no issues. (And this assert below is not
-        //   actually needed in this case).
+        // trivially takes care of that. However, we have to do some more work to also deal with the
+        // parts that are not being accessed. Specifically what we do is that we call
+        // `update_last_accessed_after_retag` on the SIFA of the permission set for the part of
+        // memory outside `perm_map` -- so that part is definitely taken care of. The remaining
+        // concern is the part of memory that is in the range of `perms_map`, but not accessed
+        // below. There we have two cases:
+        // * If the type is `!Freeze`, then the non-accessed part uses `nonfreeze_perm`, so the
+        //   `nonfreeze_perm` initialized parts are also fine. We enforce the `freeze_perm` parts to
+        //   be accessed via the assert below, and thus everything is taken care of.
+        // * If the type is `Freeze`, then `freeze_perm` is used everywhere (both inside and outside
+        //   the initial range), and we update everything to have the `freeze_perm`'s SIFA, so there
+        //   are no issues. (And this assert below is not actually needed in this case).
         assert!(new_perm.freeze_access);
 
         let protected = new_perm.protector.is_some();
@@ -350,66 +323,48 @@ trait EvalContextPrivExt<'tcx>: crate::MiriInterpCxExt<'tcx> {
             .get_tree_borrows_params()
             .precise_interior_mut;
 
-        let default_perm = if !precise_interior_mut {
-            // NOTE: Using `ty_is_freeze` doesn't give the same result as going through the range
-            // and computing `has_unsafe_cell`.  This is because of zero-sized `UnsafeCell`, for which
-            // `has_unsafe_cell` is false, but `!ty_is_freeze` is true.
-            let ty_is_freeze = place.layout.ty.is_freeze(*this.tcx, this.typing_env());
-            let (perm, access) = if ty_is_freeze {
+        // Compute initial "inside" permissions.
+        let loc_state = |frozen: bool| -> LocationState {
+            let (perm, access) = if frozen {
                 (new_perm.freeze_perm, new_perm.freeze_access)
             } else {
                 (new_perm.nonfreeze_perm, new_perm.nonfreeze_access)
             };
             let sifa = perm.strongest_idempotent_foreign_access(protected);
-            let new_loc = if access {
+            if access {
                 LocationState::new_accessed(perm, sifa)
             } else {
                 LocationState::new_non_accessed(perm, sifa)
-            };
-
-            for (_loc_range, loc) in perms_map.iter_mut_all() {
-                *loc = new_loc;
             }
-
-            perm
+        };
+        let perms_map = if !precise_interior_mut {
+            // For `!Freeze` types, just pretend the entire thing is an `UnsafeCell`.
+            let ty_is_freeze = place.layout.ty.is_freeze(*this.tcx, this.typing_env());
+            let state = loc_state(ty_is_freeze);
+            DedupRangeMap::new(ptr_size, state)
         } else {
+            // The initial state will be overwritten by the visitor below.
+            let mut perms_map: DedupRangeMap<LocationState> = DedupRangeMap::new(
+                ptr_size,
+                LocationState::new_accessed(
+                    Permission::new_disabled(),
+                    IdempotentForeignAccess::None,
+                ),
+            );
             this.visit_freeze_sensitive(place, ptr_size, |range, frozen| {
-                has_unsafe_cell = has_unsafe_cell || !frozen;
-
-                // We are only ever `Frozen` inside the frozen bits.
-                let (perm, access) = if frozen {
-                    (new_perm.freeze_perm, new_perm.freeze_access)
-                } else {
-                    (new_perm.nonfreeze_perm, new_perm.nonfreeze_access)
-                };
-                let sifa = perm.strongest_idempotent_foreign_access(protected);
-                // NOTE: Currently, `access` is false if and only if `perm` is Cell, so this `if`
-                // doesn't not change whether any code is UB or not. We could just always use
-                // `new_accessed` and everything would stay the same. But that seems conceptually
-                // odd, so we keep the initial "accessed" bit of the `LocationState` in sync with whether
-                // a read access is performed below.
-                let new_loc = if access {
-                    LocationState::new_accessed(perm, sifa)
-                } else {
-                    LocationState::new_non_accessed(perm, sifa)
-                };
-
-                // Store initial permissions.
+                let state = loc_state(frozen);
                 for (_loc_range, loc) in perms_map.iter_mut(range.start, range.size) {
-                    *loc = new_loc;
+                    *loc = state;
                 }
-
                 interp_ok(())
             })?;
-
-            // Allow lazily writing to surrounding data if we found an `UnsafeCell`.
-            if has_unsafe_cell { new_perm.nonfreeze_perm } else { new_perm.freeze_perm }
+            perms_map
         };
 
         let alloc_extra = this.get_alloc_extra(alloc_id)?;
         let mut tree_borrows = alloc_extra.borrow_tracker_tb().borrow_mut();
 
-        for (perm_range, perm) in perms_map.iter_mut_all() {
+        for (perm_range, perm) in perms_map.iter_all() {
             if perm.is_accessed() {
                 // Some reborrows incur a read access to the parent.
                 // Adjust range to be relative to allocation start (rather than to `place`).
@@ -447,7 +402,7 @@ trait EvalContextPrivExt<'tcx>: crate::MiriInterpCxExt<'tcx> {
             orig_tag,
             new_tag,
             perms_map,
-            default_perm,
+            new_perm.outside_perm,
             protected,
             span,
         )?;
@@ -514,7 +469,7 @@ pub trait EvalContextExt<'tcx>: crate::MiriInterpCxExt<'tcx> {
         let this = self.eval_context_mut();
         let new_perm = match val.layout.ty.kind() {
             &ty::Ref(_, pointee, mutability) =>
-                NewPermission::from_ref_ty(pointee, mutability, kind, this),
+                NewPermission::new(pointee, Some(mutability), kind, this),
             _ => None,
         };
         if let Some(new_perm) = new_perm {
@@ -571,8 +526,9 @@ pub trait EvalContextExt<'tcx>: crate::MiriInterpCxExt<'tcx> {
             fn visit_box(&mut self, box_ty: Ty<'tcx>, place: &PlaceTy<'tcx>) -> InterpResult<'tcx> {
                 // Only boxes for the global allocator get any special treatment.
                 if box_ty.is_box_global(*self.ecx.tcx) {
+                    let pointee = place.layout.ty.builtin_deref(true).unwrap();
                     let new_perm =
-                        NewPermission::from_unique_ty(place.layout.ty, self.kind, self.ecx);
+                        NewPermission::new(pointee, /* not a ref */ None, self.kind, self.ecx);
                     self.retag_ptr_inplace(place, new_perm)?;
                 }
                 interp_ok(())
@@ -591,7 +547,7 @@ pub trait EvalContextExt<'tcx>: crate::MiriInterpCxExt<'tcx> {
                 match place.layout.ty.kind() {
                     &ty::Ref(_, pointee, mutability) => {
                         let new_perm =
-                            NewPermission::from_ref_ty(pointee, mutability, self.kind, self.ecx);
+                            NewPermission::new(pointee, Some(mutability), self.kind, self.ecx);
                         self.retag_ptr_inplace(place, new_perm)?;
                     }
                     ty::RawPtr(_, _) => {
@@ -643,14 +599,11 @@ pub trait EvalContextExt<'tcx>: crate::MiriInterpCxExt<'tcx> {
             // never be ReservedIM, the value of the `ty_is_freeze`
             // argument doesn't matter
             // (`ty_is_freeze || true` in `new_reserved` will always be `true`).
-            freeze_perm: Permission::new_reserved(
-                /* ty_is_freeze */ true, /* protected */ true,
-            ),
+            freeze_perm: Permission::new_reserved_frz(),
             freeze_access: true,
-            nonfreeze_perm: Permission::new_reserved(
-                /* ty_is_freeze */ false, /* protected */ true,
-            ),
+            nonfreeze_perm: Permission::new_reserved_frz(),
             nonfreeze_access: true,
+            outside_perm: Permission::new_reserved_frz(),
             protector: Some(ProtectorKind::StrongProtector),
         };
         this.tb_retag_place(place, new_perm)
diff --git a/src/tools/miri/src/borrow_tracker/tree_borrows/perms.rs b/src/tools/miri/src/borrow_tracker/tree_borrows/perms.rs
index 38863ca0734..390435e58d1 100644
--- a/src/tools/miri/src/borrow_tracker/tree_borrows/perms.rs
+++ b/src/tools/miri/src/borrow_tracker/tree_borrows/perms.rs
@@ -272,28 +272,15 @@ impl Permission {
 
     /// Default initial permission of a reborrowed mutable reference that is either
     /// protected or not interior mutable.
-    fn new_reserved_frz() -> Self {
+    pub fn new_reserved_frz() -> Self {
         Self { inner: ReservedFrz { conflicted: false } }
     }
 
     /// Default initial permission of an unprotected interior mutable reference.
-    fn new_reserved_im() -> Self {
+    pub fn new_reserved_im() -> Self {
         Self { inner: ReservedIM }
     }
 
-    /// Wrapper around `new_reserved_frz` and `new_reserved_im` that decides
-    /// which to call based on the interior mutability and the retag kind (whether there
-    /// is a protector is relevant because being protected takes priority over being
-    /// interior mutable)
-    pub fn new_reserved(ty_is_freeze: bool, protected: bool) -> Self {
-        // As demonstrated by `tests/fail/tree_borrows/reservedim_spurious_write.rs`,
-        // interior mutability and protectors interact poorly.
-        // To eliminate the case of Protected Reserved IM we override interior mutability
-        // in the case of a protected reference: protected references are always considered
-        // "freeze" in their reservation phase.
-        if ty_is_freeze || protected { Self::new_reserved_frz() } else { Self::new_reserved_im() }
-    }
-
     /// Default initial permission of a reborrowed shared reference.
     pub fn new_frozen() -> Self {
         Self { inner: Frozen }
diff --git a/src/tools/miri/src/borrow_tracker/tree_borrows/tree/tests.rs b/src/tools/miri/src/borrow_tracker/tree_borrows/tree/tests.rs
index bb3fc2d80b3..d9b3696e4f8 100644
--- a/src/tools/miri/src/borrow_tracker/tree_borrows/tree/tests.rs
+++ b/src/tools/miri/src/borrow_tracker/tree_borrows/tree/tests.rs
@@ -610,7 +610,7 @@ mod spurious_read {
             },
             y: LocStateProt {
                 state: LocationState::new_non_accessed(
-                    Permission::new_reserved(/* freeze */ true, /* protected */ true),
+                    Permission::new_reserved_frz(),
                     IdempotentForeignAccess::default(),
                 ),
                 prot: true,
diff --git a/src/tools/miri/src/machine.rs b/src/tools/miri/src/machine.rs
index 0b2ce900414..0136de55216 100644
--- a/src/tools/miri/src/machine.rs
+++ b/src/tools/miri/src/machine.rs
@@ -1077,7 +1077,8 @@ impl<'tcx> Machine<'tcx> for MiriMachine<'tcx> {
                 .target_features
                 .iter()
                 .filter(|&feature| {
-                    feature.kind != TargetFeatureKind::Implied && !ecx.tcx.sess.target_features.contains(&feature.name)
+                    feature.kind != TargetFeatureKind::Implied
+                        && !ecx.tcx.sess.target_features.contains(&feature.name)
                 })
                 .fold(String::new(), |mut s, feature| {
                     if !s.is_empty() {
diff --git a/src/tools/miri/tests/deps/Cargo.lock b/src/tools/miri/tests/deps/Cargo.lock
index 4b783ebdc4e..65ca4215c60 100644
--- a/src/tools/miri/tests/deps/Cargo.lock
+++ b/src/tools/miri/tests/deps/Cargo.lock
@@ -296,9 +296,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "slab"
-version = "0.4.10"
+version = "0.4.11"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "04dc19736151f35336d325007ac991178d504a119863a2fcb3758cdb5e52c50d"
+checksum = "7a2ae44ef20feb57a68b23d846850f861394c2e02dc425a50098ae8c90267589"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "socket2"
diff --git a/src/tools/miri/tests/fail/tree_borrows/frozen-lazy-write-to-surrounding.rs b/src/tools/miri/tests/fail/tree_borrows/frozen-lazy-write-to-surrounding.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d51050f32b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tools/miri/tests/fail/tree_borrows/frozen-lazy-write-to-surrounding.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+//@compile-flags: -Zmiri-tree-borrows
+
+fn main() {
+    // Since the "inside" part is `!Freeze`, the permission to mutate is gone.
+    let pair = ((), 1);
+    let x = &pair.0;
+    let ptr = (&raw const *x).cast::<i32>().cast_mut();
+    unsafe { ptr.write(0) }; //~ERROR: /write access .* forbidden/
+}
diff --git a/src/tools/miri/tests/fail/tree_borrows/frozen-lazy-write-to-surrounding.stderr b/src/tools/miri/tests/fail/tree_borrows/frozen-lazy-write-to-surrounding.stderr
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e9800468c57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/tools/miri/tests/fail/tree_borrows/frozen-lazy-write-to-surrounding.stderr
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+error: Undefined Behavior: write access through <TAG> at ALLOC[0x0] is forbidden
+  --> tests/fail/tree_borrows/frozen-lazy-write-to-surrounding.rs:LL:CC
+   |
+LL |     unsafe { ptr.write(0) };
+   |              ^^^^^^^^^^^^ Undefined Behavior occurred here
+   |
+   = help: this indicates a potential bug in the program: it performed an invalid operation, but the Tree Borrows rules it violated are still experimental
+   = help: see https://github.com/rust-lang/unsafe-code-guidelines/blob/master/wip/tree-borrows.md for further information
+   = help: the accessed tag <TAG> has state Frozen which forbids this child write access
+help: the accessed tag <TAG> was created here, in the initial state Frozen
+  --> tests/fail/tree_borrows/frozen-lazy-write-to-surrounding.rs:LL:CC
+   |
+LL |     let x = &pair.0;
+   |             ^^^^^^^
+   = note: BACKTRACE (of the first span):
+   = note: inside `main` at tests/fail/tree_borrows/frozen-lazy-write-to-surrounding.rs:LL:CC
+
+note: some details are omitted, run with `MIRIFLAGS=-Zmiri-backtrace=full` for a verbose backtrace
+
+error: aborting due to 1 previous error
+
diff --git a/src/tools/miri/tests/pass/both_borrows/basic_aliasing_model.rs b/src/tools/miri/tests/pass/both_borrows/basic_aliasing_model.rs
index 6a625e597df..82976326a8d 100644
--- a/src/tools/miri/tests/pass/both_borrows/basic_aliasing_model.rs
+++ b/src/tools/miri/tests/pass/both_borrows/basic_aliasing_model.rs
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ fn main() {
     not_unpin_not_protected();
     write_does_not_invalidate_all_aliases();
     box_into_raw_allows_interior_mutable_alias();
-    cell_inside_struct()
+    cell_inside_struct();
+    zst();
 }
 
 // Make sure that reading from an `&mut` does, like reborrowing to `&`,
@@ -287,3 +288,22 @@ fn cell_inside_struct() {
     // Writing to `field1`, which is reserved, should also be allowed.
     (*a).field1 = 88;
 }
+
+/// ZST reborrows on various kinds of dangling pointers are valid.
+fn zst() {
+    unsafe {
+        // Integer pointer.
+        let ptr = ptr::without_provenance_mut::<()>(15);
+        let _ref = &mut *ptr;
+
+        // Out-of-bounds pointer.
+        let mut b = Box::new(0u8);
+        let ptr = (&raw mut *b).wrapping_add(15) as *mut ();
+        let _ref = &mut *ptr;
+
+        // Deallocated pointer.
+        let ptr = &raw mut *b as *mut ();
+        drop(b);
+        let _ref = &mut *ptr;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/src/tools/miri/tests/pass/tree_borrows/cell-lazy-write-to-surrounding.rs b/src/tools/miri/tests/pass/tree_borrows/cell-lazy-write-to-surrounding.rs
index abe08f2cd22..7352784ac7a 100644
--- a/src/tools/miri/tests/pass/tree_borrows/cell-lazy-write-to-surrounding.rs
+++ b/src/tools/miri/tests/pass/tree_borrows/cell-lazy-write-to-surrounding.rs
@@ -14,9 +14,11 @@ fn main() {
     foo(&arr[0]);
 
     let pair = (Cell::new(1), 1);
-    // TODO: Ideally, this would result in UB since the second element
-    // in `pair` is Frozen.  We would need some way to express a
-    // "shared reference with permission to access surrounding
-    // interior mutable data".
     foo(&pair.0);
+
+    // As long as the "inside" part is `!Freeze`, the permission to mutate the "outside" is preserved.
+    let pair = (Cell::new(()), 1);
+    let x = &pair.0;
+    let ptr = (&raw const *x).cast::<i32>().cast_mut();
+    unsafe { ptr.write(0) };
 }
diff --git a/tests/codegen-llvm/async-fn-debug-awaitee-field.rs b/tests/codegen-llvm/async-fn-debug-awaitee-field.rs
index 50860c90662..b9d3d9ee66e 100644
--- a/tests/codegen-llvm/async-fn-debug-awaitee-field.rs
+++ b/tests/codegen-llvm/async-fn-debug-awaitee-field.rs
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ pub async fn async_fn_test() {
 
 pub async fn foo() {}
 
+// NONMSVC: [[AWAITEE_TYPE:![0-9]*]] = !DICompositeType(tag: DW_TAG_structure_type, name: "{async_fn_env#0}", scope: [[AWAITEE_SCOPE:![0-9]*]],
+// MSVC: [[AWAITEE_TYPE:![0-9]*]] = !DICompositeType(tag: DW_TAG_union_type, name: "enum2$<async_fn_debug_awaitee_field::foo::async_fn_env$0>",
+// NONMSVC: [[AWAITEE_SCOPE]] = !DINamespace(name: "foo",
 // NONMSVC: [[GEN:!.*]] = !DICompositeType(tag: DW_TAG_structure_type, name: "{async_fn_env#0}", scope: [[GEN_SCOPE:![0-9]*]],
 // MSVC: [[GEN:!.*]] = !DICompositeType(tag: DW_TAG_union_type, name: "enum2$<async_fn_debug_awaitee_field::async_fn_test::async_fn_env$0>",
 // NONMSVC: [[GEN_SCOPE:!.*]] = !DINamespace(name: "async_fn_test",
 // CHECK: [[SUSPEND_STRUCT:!.*]] = !DICompositeType(tag: DW_TAG_structure_type, name: "Suspend0", scope: [[GEN]],
-// CHECK: !DIDerivedType(tag: DW_TAG_member, name: "__awaitee", scope: [[SUSPEND_STRUCT]], {{.*}}, baseType: [[AWAITEE_TYPE:![0-9]*]],
-// NONMSVC: [[AWAITEE_TYPE]] = !DICompositeType(tag: DW_TAG_structure_type, name: "{async_fn_env#0}", scope: [[AWAITEE_SCOPE:![0-9]*]],
-// MSVC: [[AWAITEE_TYPE]] = !DICompositeType(tag: DW_TAG_union_type, name: "enum2$<async_fn_debug_awaitee_field::foo::async_fn_env$0>",
-// NONMSVC: [[AWAITEE_SCOPE]] = !DINamespace(name: "foo",
+// CHECK: !DIDerivedType(tag: DW_TAG_member, name: "__awaitee", scope: [[SUSPEND_STRUCT]], {{.*}}, baseType: [[AWAITEE_TYPE]],
diff --git a/tests/codegen-units/item-collection/async-fn-impl.rs b/tests/codegen-units/item-collection/async-fn-impl.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..540fa0b3228
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/codegen-units/item-collection/async-fn-impl.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+//@ edition: 2024
+// When pub async fn is monomorphized, its implementation coroutine is also monomorphized
+//@ compile-flags: --crate-type=lib
+
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn async_fn @@
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn async_fn::{closure#0} @@
+#[unsafe(no_mangle)]
+pub async fn async_fn(x: u64) -> bool {
+    true
+}
diff --git a/tests/codegen-units/item-collection/opaque-return-impls.rs b/tests/codegen-units/item-collection/opaque-return-impls.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7d5f4f5b669
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/codegen-units/item-collection/opaque-return-impls.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+//@ only-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
+//@ compile-flags: -C panic=abort -Zinline-mir=no -Copt-level=0 -Zcross-crate-inline-threshold=never -Zmir-opt-level=0 -Cno-prepopulate-passes
+//@ no-prefer-dynamic
+//@ edition:2024
+#![crate_type = "lib"]
+
+trait TestTrait {
+    fn test_func(&self);
+}
+
+struct TestStruct {}
+
+impl TestTrait for TestStruct {
+    fn test_func(&self) {
+        println!("TestStruct::test_func");
+    }
+}
+
+#[inline(never)]
+pub fn foo() -> impl TestTrait {
+    TestStruct {}
+}
+
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn foo
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn <TestStruct as TestTrait>::test_func
+
+trait TestTrait2 {
+    fn test_func2(&self);
+}
+
+struct TestStruct2 {}
+
+impl TestTrait2 for TestStruct2 {
+    fn test_func2(&self) {
+        println!("TestStruct2::test_func2");
+    }
+}
+
+#[inline(never)]
+pub fn foo2() -> Box<dyn TestTrait2> {
+    Box::new(TestStruct2 {})
+}
+
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn <TestStruct2 as TestTrait2>::test_func2
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn alloc::alloc::exchange_malloc
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn foo2
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn std::alloc::Global::alloc_impl
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn std::boxed::Box::<TestStruct2>::new
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn std::alloc::Layout::from_size_align_unchecked::precondition_check
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn std::ptr::NonNull::<T>::new_unchecked::precondition_check
+
+struct Counter {
+    count: usize,
+}
+
+impl Counter {
+    fn new() -> Counter {
+        Counter { count: 0 }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Iterator for Counter {
+    type Item = usize;
+
+    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {
+        self.count += 1;
+        if self.count < 6 { Some(self.count) } else { None }
+    }
+}
+
+#[inline(never)]
+pub fn foo3() -> Box<dyn Iterator<Item = usize>> {
+    Box::new(Counter::new())
+}
+
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn <Counter as std::iter::Iterator::advance_by::SpecAdvanceBy>::spec_advance_by
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn <Counter as std::iter::Iterator::advance_by::SpecAdvanceBy>::spec_advance_by::{closure#0}
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn <Counter as std::iter::Iterator>::advance_by
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn <Counter as std::iter::Iterator>::next
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn <Counter as std::iter::Iterator>::nth
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn <Counter as std::iter::Iterator>::size_hint
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn <Counter as std::iter::Iterator>::try_fold::<std::num::NonZero<usize>, {closure@<Counter as std::iter::Iterator::advance_by::SpecAdvanceBy>::spec_advance_by::{closure#0}}, std::option::Option<std::num::NonZero<usize>>>
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn <std::option::Option<std::num::NonZero<usize>> as std::ops::FromResidual<std::option::Option<std::convert::Infallible>>>::from_residual
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn <std::option::Option<std::num::NonZero<usize>> as std::ops::Try>::branch
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn <std::option::Option<std::num::NonZero<usize>> as std::ops::Try>::from_output
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn foo3
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn std::boxed::Box::<Counter>::new
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn Counter::new
+//~ MONO_ITEM fn core::fmt::rt::<impl std::fmt::Arguments<'_>>::new_const::<1>
diff --git a/tests/coverage/async.cov-map b/tests/coverage/async.cov-map
index c528ad525b5..d75c4b5981a 100644
--- a/tests/coverage/async.cov-map
+++ b/tests/coverage/async.cov-map
@@ -103,21 +103,21 @@ Number of file 0 mappings: 3
 Highest counter ID seen: (none)
 
 Function name: async::g
-Raw bytes (9): 0x[01, 01, 00, 01, 01, 1b, 01, 00, 16]
+Raw bytes (9): 0x[01, 01, 00, 01, 01, 1b, 01, 00, 12]
 Number of files: 1
 - file 0 => $DIR/async.rs
 Number of expressions: 0
 Number of file 0 mappings: 1
-- Code(Counter(0)) at (prev + 27, 1) to (start + 0, 22)
+- Code(Counter(0)) at (prev + 27, 1) to (start + 0, 18)
 Highest counter ID seen: c0
 
 Function name: async::g::{closure#0} (unused)
-Raw bytes (64): 0x[01, 01, 00, 0c, 00, 1b, 17, 00, 18, 00, 01, 0b, 00, 0c, 00, 01, 09, 00, 0a, 00, 00, 0e, 00, 17, 00, 00, 1b, 00, 1c, 00, 00, 20, 00, 22, 00, 01, 09, 00, 0a, 00, 00, 0e, 00, 17, 00, 00, 1b, 00, 1c, 00, 00, 20, 00, 22, 00, 01, 0e, 00, 10, 00, 02, 01, 00, 02]
+Raw bytes (64): 0x[01, 01, 00, 0c, 00, 1b, 13, 00, 14, 00, 01, 0b, 00, 0c, 00, 01, 09, 00, 0a, 00, 00, 0e, 00, 17, 00, 00, 1b, 00, 1c, 00, 00, 20, 00, 22, 00, 01, 09, 00, 0a, 00, 00, 0e, 00, 17, 00, 00, 1b, 00, 1c, 00, 00, 20, 00, 22, 00, 01, 0e, 00, 10, 00, 02, 01, 00, 02]
 Number of files: 1
 - file 0 => $DIR/async.rs
 Number of expressions: 0
 Number of file 0 mappings: 12
-- Code(Zero) at (prev + 27, 23) to (start + 0, 24)
+- Code(Zero) at (prev + 27, 19) to (start + 0, 20)
 - Code(Zero) at (prev + 1, 11) to (start + 0, 12)
 - Code(Zero) at (prev + 1, 9) to (start + 0, 10)
 - Code(Zero) at (prev + 0, 14) to (start + 0, 23)
diff --git a/tests/coverage/async.coverage b/tests/coverage/async.coverage
index 9fca1b6997d..9409e6b1deb 100644
--- a/tests/coverage/async.coverage
+++ b/tests/coverage/async.coverage
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@
    LL|       |
    LL|      0|async fn foo() -> [bool; 10] { [false; 10] } // unused function; executor does not block on `h()`
    LL|       |
-   LL|      1|pub async fn g(x: u8) {
-                                    ^0
+   LL|      1|async fn g(x: u8) {
+                                ^0
    LL|      0|    match x {
    LL|      0|        y if e().await == y => (),
    LL|      0|        y if f().await == y => (),
diff --git a/tests/coverage/async.rs b/tests/coverage/async.rs
index da0a1c0b6f0..777ad7ce7c0 100644
--- a/tests/coverage/async.rs
+++ b/tests/coverage/async.rs
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ async fn f() -> u8 { 1 }
 
 async fn foo() -> [bool; 10] { [false; 10] } // unused function; executor does not block on `h()`
 
-pub async fn g(x: u8) {
+async fn g(x: u8) {
     match x {
         y if e().await == y => (),
         y if f().await == y => (),
diff --git a/tests/ui-fulldeps/internal-lints/import-of-type-ir-traits.rs b/tests/ui-fulldeps/internal-lints/import-of-type-ir-traits.rs
index 3fdd65d6c87..965fd832722 100644
--- a/tests/ui-fulldeps/internal-lints/import-of-type-ir-traits.rs
+++ b/tests/ui-fulldeps/internal-lints/import-of-type-ir-traits.rs
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ extern crate rustc_type_ir;
 
 use rustc_type_ir::Interner;
 
-fn foo<I: Interner>(cx: I, did: I::DefId) {
+fn foo<I: Interner>(cx: I, did: I::TraitId) {
     let _ = cx.trait_is_unsafe(did);
     //~^ ERROR do not use `rustc_type_ir::Interner` or `rustc_type_ir::InferCtxtLike` unless you're inside of the trait solver
 }
diff --git a/tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/async-awaiting-fut.rs b/tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/async-awaiting-fut.rs
index a3f0bdc8514..b5f59069f85 100644
--- a/tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/async-awaiting-fut.rs
+++ b/tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/async-awaiting-fut.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
-//@ compile-flags: -Z print-type-sizes --crate-type lib
+//@ compile-flags: -C panic=abort -Z print-type-sizes --crate-type lib
+//@ needs-deterministic-layouts
 //@ edition:2021
 //@ build-pass
 //@ ignore-pass
+//@ only-x86_64
 
 async fn wait() {}
 
diff --git a/tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/async-awaiting-fut.stdout b/tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/async-awaiting-fut.stdout
index 642e27b2a57..b30c15bcbe6 100644
--- a/tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/async-awaiting-fut.stdout
+++ b/tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/async-awaiting-fut.stdout
@@ -48,6 +48,39 @@ print-type-size     variant `Returned`: 1024 bytes
 print-type-size         upvar `.arg`: 1024 bytes
 print-type-size     variant `Panicked`: 1024 bytes
 print-type-size         upvar `.arg`: 1024 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::task::Context<'_>`: 32 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.waker`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.local_waker`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.ext`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size     field `._marker`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size     field `._marker2`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::panic::Location<'_>`: 24 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.filename`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.line`: 4 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.col`: 4 bytes
+print-type-size     field `._filename`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size type: `core::task::wake::ExtData<'_>`: 16 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     variant `Some`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size         field `.0`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size     variant `None`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size         field `.0`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::panic::AssertUnwindSafe<core::task::wake::ExtData<'_>>`: 16 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.0`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::ptr::NonNull<str>`: 16 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.pointer`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::pin::Pin<&mut {async fn body of big_fut()}>`: 8 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.pointer`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::pin::Pin<&mut {async fn body of calls_fut<{async fn body of big_fut()}>()}>`: 8 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.pointer`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::pin::Pin<&mut {async fn body of test()}>`: 8 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.pointer`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::pin::Pin<&mut {async fn body of wait()}>`: 8 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.pointer`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::ptr::DynMetadata<dyn std::any::Any>`: 8 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `._vtable_ptr`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `._phantom`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::ptr::NonNull<std::ptr::metadata::VTable>`: 8 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.pointer`: 8 bytes
 print-type-size type: `std::mem::ManuallyDrop<bool>`: 1 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes
 print-type-size     field `.value`: 1 bytes
 print-type-size type: `std::mem::ManuallyDrop<{async fn body of wait()}>`: 1 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes
@@ -70,3 +103,7 @@ print-type-size     discriminant: 1 bytes
 print-type-size     variant `Unresumed`: 0 bytes
 print-type-size     variant `Returned`: 0 bytes
 print-type-size     variant `Panicked`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::marker::PhantomData<&str>`: 0 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::marker::PhantomData<*mut ()>`: 0 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::marker::PhantomData<dyn std::any::Any>`: 0 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::marker::PhantomData<fn(&()) -> &()>`: 0 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes
diff --git a/tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/large-arg.rs b/tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/large-arg.rs
index 5fbae22a771..809f7cf1f93 100644
--- a/tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/large-arg.rs
+++ b/tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/large-arg.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
-//@ compile-flags: -Z print-type-sizes --crate-type=lib
+//@ compile-flags: -C panic=abort -Z print-type-sizes --crate-type=lib
+//@ needs-deterministic-layouts
 //@ edition: 2021
 //@ build-pass
 //@ ignore-pass
+//@ only-x86_64
 
 pub async fn test() {
     let _ = a([0u8; 1024]).await;
diff --git a/tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/large-arg.stdout b/tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/large-arg.stdout
index 67168a3d6ef..e00420d1493 100644
--- a/tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/large-arg.stdout
+++ b/tests/ui/async-await/future-sizes/large-arg.stdout
@@ -58,3 +58,45 @@ print-type-size     variant `Returned`: 1024 bytes
 print-type-size         upvar `.t`: 1024 bytes
 print-type-size     variant `Panicked`: 1024 bytes
 print-type-size         upvar `.t`: 1024 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::task::Context<'_>`: 32 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.waker`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.local_waker`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.ext`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size     field `._marker`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size     field `._marker2`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::panic::Location<'_>`: 24 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.filename`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.line`: 4 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.col`: 4 bytes
+print-type-size     field `._filename`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size type: `core::task::wake::ExtData<'_>`: 16 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     variant `Some`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size         field `.0`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size     variant `None`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size         field `.0`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::panic::AssertUnwindSafe<core::task::wake::ExtData<'_>>`: 16 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.0`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::ptr::NonNull<str>`: 16 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.pointer`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::pin::Pin<&mut {async fn body of a<[u8; 1024]>()}>`: 8 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.pointer`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::pin::Pin<&mut {async fn body of b<[u8; 1024]>()}>`: 8 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.pointer`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::pin::Pin<&mut {async fn body of c<[u8; 1024]>()}>`: 8 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.pointer`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::pin::Pin<&mut {async fn body of test()}>`: 8 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.pointer`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::ptr::DynMetadata<dyn std::any::Any>`: 8 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `._vtable_ptr`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `._phantom`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::ptr::NonNull<std::ptr::metadata::VTable>`: 8 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.pointer`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::task::Poll<()>`: 1 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes
+print-type-size     discriminant: 1 bytes
+print-type-size     variant `Ready`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size         field `.0`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size     variant `Pending`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::marker::PhantomData<&str>`: 0 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::marker::PhantomData<*mut ()>`: 0 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::marker::PhantomData<dyn std::any::Any>`: 0 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::marker::PhantomData<fn(&()) -> &()>`: 0 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes
diff --git a/tests/ui/print_type_sizes/async.rs b/tests/ui/print_type_sizes/async.rs
index 805bccbcf63..951e7cd1012 100644
--- a/tests/ui/print_type_sizes/async.rs
+++ b/tests/ui/print_type_sizes/async.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
-//@ compile-flags: -Z print-type-sizes --crate-type lib
+//@ compile-flags: -C panic=abort -Z print-type-sizes --crate-type lib
+//@ needs-deterministic-layouts
 //@ edition:2021
 //@ build-pass
 //@ ignore-pass
+//@ only-x86_64
 
 #![allow(dropping_copy_types)]
 
diff --git a/tests/ui/print_type_sizes/async.stdout b/tests/ui/print_type_sizes/async.stdout
index 83a6962e4cd..d3d6b6471c6 100644
--- a/tests/ui/print_type_sizes/async.stdout
+++ b/tests/ui/print_type_sizes/async.stdout
@@ -16,6 +16,35 @@ print-type-size type: `std::mem::MaybeUninit<[u8; 8192]>`: 8192 bytes, alignment
 print-type-size     variant `MaybeUninit`: 8192 bytes
 print-type-size         field `.uninit`: 0 bytes
 print-type-size         field `.value`: 8192 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::task::Context<'_>`: 32 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.waker`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.local_waker`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.ext`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size     field `._marker`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size     field `._marker2`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::panic::Location<'_>`: 24 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.filename`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.line`: 4 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.col`: 4 bytes
+print-type-size     field `._filename`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size type: `core::task::wake::ExtData<'_>`: 16 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     variant `Some`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size         field `.0`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size     variant `None`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size         field `.0`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::panic::AssertUnwindSafe<core::task::wake::ExtData<'_>>`: 16 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.0`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::ptr::NonNull<str>`: 16 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.pointer`: 16 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::pin::Pin<&mut {async fn body of test()}>`: 8 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.pointer`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::pin::Pin<&mut {async fn body of wait()}>`: 8 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.pointer`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::ptr::DynMetadata<dyn std::any::Any>`: 8 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `._vtable_ptr`: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `._phantom`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::ptr::NonNull<std::ptr::metadata::VTable>`: 8 bytes, alignment: 8 bytes
+print-type-size     field `.pointer`: 8 bytes
 print-type-size type: `std::mem::ManuallyDrop<{async fn body of wait()}>`: 1 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes
 print-type-size     field `.value`: 1 bytes
 print-type-size type: `std::mem::MaybeUninit<{async fn body of wait()}>`: 1 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes
@@ -32,3 +61,7 @@ print-type-size     discriminant: 1 bytes
 print-type-size     variant `Unresumed`: 0 bytes
 print-type-size     variant `Returned`: 0 bytes
 print-type-size     variant `Panicked`: 0 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::marker::PhantomData<&str>`: 0 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::marker::PhantomData<*mut ()>`: 0 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::marker::PhantomData<dyn std::any::Any>`: 0 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes
+print-type-size type: `std::marker::PhantomData<fn(&()) -> &()>`: 0 bytes, alignment: 1 bytes