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-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/abi_cafe.rs23
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/bench.rs97
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/build_backend.rs10
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/build_sysroot.rs305
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/mod.rs107
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/path.rs7
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/prepare.rs129
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/rustc_info.rs27
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/tests.rs576
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/usage.txt35
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/utils.rs98
11 files changed, 717 insertions, 697 deletions
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/abi_cafe.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/abi_cafe.rs
index a081fdaa1c7..dbee9be04ee 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/abi_cafe.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/abi_cafe.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 use std::path::Path;
 
 use super::build_sysroot;
-use super::config;
 use super::path::Dirs;
 use super::prepare::GitRepo;
 use super::utils::{spawn_and_wait, CargoProject, Compiler};
@@ -10,41 +9,31 @@ use super::SysrootKind;
 pub(crate) static ABI_CAFE_REPO: GitRepo =
     GitRepo::github("Gankra", "abi-cafe", "4c6dc8c9c687e2b3a760ff2176ce236872b37212", "abi-cafe");
 
-static ABI_CAFE: CargoProject = CargoProject::new(&ABI_CAFE_REPO.source_dir(), "abi_cafe");
+pub(crate) static ABI_CAFE: CargoProject =
+    CargoProject::new(&ABI_CAFE_REPO.source_dir(), "abi_cafe");
 
 pub(crate) fn run(
     channel: &str,
     sysroot_kind: SysrootKind,
     dirs: &Dirs,
     cg_clif_dylib: &Path,
-    host_triple: &str,
-    target_triple: &str,
+    bootstrap_host_compiler: &Compiler,
 ) {
-    if !config::get_bool("testsuite.abi-cafe") {
-        eprintln!("[SKIP] abi-cafe");
-        return;
-    }
-
-    if host_triple != target_triple {
-        eprintln!("[SKIP] abi-cafe (cross-compilation not supported)");
-        return;
-    }
-
     eprintln!("Building sysroot for abi-cafe");
     build_sysroot::build_sysroot(
         dirs,
         channel,
         sysroot_kind,
         cg_clif_dylib,
-        host_triple,
-        target_triple,
+        bootstrap_host_compiler,
+        bootstrap_host_compiler.triple.clone(),
     );
 
     eprintln!("Running abi-cafe");
 
     let pairs = ["rustc_calls_cgclif", "cgclif_calls_rustc", "cgclif_calls_cc", "cc_calls_cgclif"];
 
-    let mut cmd = ABI_CAFE.run(&Compiler::host(), dirs);
+    let mut cmd = ABI_CAFE.run(bootstrap_host_compiler, dirs);
     cmd.arg("--");
     cmd.arg("--pairs");
     cmd.args(pairs);
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/bench.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/bench.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..01d44dafbdd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/bench.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+use std::env;
+use std::fs;
+use std::path::Path;
+
+use super::path::{Dirs, RelPath};
+use super::prepare::GitRepo;
+use super::rustc_info::get_file_name;
+use super::utils::{hyperfine_command, is_ci, spawn_and_wait, CargoProject, Compiler};
+
+pub(crate) static SIMPLE_RAYTRACER_REPO: GitRepo = GitRepo::github(
+    "ebobby",
+    "simple-raytracer",
+    "804a7a21b9e673a482797aa289a18ed480e4d813",
+    "<none>",
+);
+
+// Use a separate target dir for the initial LLVM build to reduce unnecessary recompiles
+pub(crate) static SIMPLE_RAYTRACER_LLVM: CargoProject =
+    CargoProject::new(&SIMPLE_RAYTRACER_REPO.source_dir(), "simple_raytracer_llvm");
+
+pub(crate) static SIMPLE_RAYTRACER: CargoProject =
+    CargoProject::new(&SIMPLE_RAYTRACER_REPO.source_dir(), "simple_raytracer");
+
+pub(crate) fn benchmark(dirs: &Dirs, bootstrap_host_compiler: &Compiler) {
+    benchmark_simple_raytracer(dirs, bootstrap_host_compiler);
+}
+
+fn benchmark_simple_raytracer(dirs: &Dirs, bootstrap_host_compiler: &Compiler) {
+    if std::process::Command::new("hyperfine").output().is_err() {
+        eprintln!("Hyperfine not installed");
+        eprintln!("Hint: Try `cargo install hyperfine` to install hyperfine");
+        std::process::exit(1);
+    }
+
+    eprintln!("[LLVM BUILD] simple-raytracer");
+    let build_cmd = SIMPLE_RAYTRACER_LLVM.build(bootstrap_host_compiler, dirs);
+    spawn_and_wait(build_cmd);
+    fs::copy(
+        SIMPLE_RAYTRACER_LLVM
+            .target_dir(dirs)
+            .join(&bootstrap_host_compiler.triple)
+            .join("debug")
+            .join(get_file_name("main", "bin")),
+        RelPath::BUILD.to_path(dirs).join(get_file_name("raytracer_cg_llvm", "bin")),
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+
+    let run_runs = env::var("RUN_RUNS")
+        .unwrap_or(if is_ci() { "2" } else { "10" }.to_string())
+        .parse()
+        .unwrap();
+
+    eprintln!("[BENCH COMPILE] ebobby/simple-raytracer");
+    let cargo_clif =
+        RelPath::DIST.to_path(dirs).join(get_file_name("cargo_clif", "bin").replace('_', "-"));
+    let manifest_path = SIMPLE_RAYTRACER.manifest_path(dirs);
+    let target_dir = SIMPLE_RAYTRACER.target_dir(dirs);
+
+    let clean_cmd = format!(
+        "cargo clean --manifest-path {manifest_path} --target-dir {target_dir}",
+        manifest_path = manifest_path.display(),
+        target_dir = target_dir.display(),
+    );
+    let llvm_build_cmd = format!(
+        "cargo build --manifest-path {manifest_path} --target-dir {target_dir}",
+        manifest_path = manifest_path.display(),
+        target_dir = target_dir.display(),
+    );
+    let clif_build_cmd = format!(
+        "{cargo_clif} build --manifest-path {manifest_path} --target-dir {target_dir}",
+        cargo_clif = cargo_clif.display(),
+        manifest_path = manifest_path.display(),
+        target_dir = target_dir.display(),
+    );
+
+    let bench_compile =
+        hyperfine_command(1, run_runs, Some(&clean_cmd), &llvm_build_cmd, &clif_build_cmd);
+
+    spawn_and_wait(bench_compile);
+
+    eprintln!("[BENCH RUN] ebobby/simple-raytracer");
+    fs::copy(
+        target_dir.join("debug").join(get_file_name("main", "bin")),
+        RelPath::BUILD.to_path(dirs).join(get_file_name("raytracer_cg_clif", "bin")),
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+
+    let mut bench_run = hyperfine_command(
+        0,
+        run_runs,
+        None,
+        Path::new(".").join(get_file_name("raytracer_cg_llvm", "bin")).to_str().unwrap(),
+        Path::new(".").join(get_file_name("raytracer_cg_clif", "bin")).to_str().unwrap(),
+    );
+    bench_run.current_dir(RelPath::BUILD.to_path(dirs));
+    spawn_and_wait(bench_run);
+}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/build_backend.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/build_backend.rs
index fde8ef424cc..514404305a3 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/build_backend.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/build_backend.rs
@@ -5,15 +5,15 @@ use super::path::{Dirs, RelPath};
 use super::rustc_info::get_file_name;
 use super::utils::{is_ci, CargoProject, Compiler};
 
-static CG_CLIF: CargoProject = CargoProject::new(&RelPath::SOURCE, "cg_clif");
+pub(crate) static CG_CLIF: CargoProject = CargoProject::new(&RelPath::SOURCE, "cg_clif");
 
 pub(crate) fn build_backend(
     dirs: &Dirs,
     channel: &str,
-    host_triple: &str,
+    bootstrap_host_compiler: &Compiler,
     use_unstable_features: bool,
 ) -> PathBuf {
-    let mut cmd = CG_CLIF.build(&Compiler::host(), dirs);
+    let mut cmd = CG_CLIF.build(&bootstrap_host_compiler, dirs);
 
     cmd.env("CARGO_BUILD_INCREMENTAL", "true"); // Force incr comp even in release mode
 
@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ pub(crate) fn build_backend(
 
         // Disabling incr comp reduces cache size and incr comp doesn't save as much on CI anyway
         cmd.env("CARGO_BUILD_INCREMENTAL", "false");
+
+        cmd.env("CARGO_PROFILE_RELEASE_DEBUG_ASSERTIONS", "true");
     }
 
     if use_unstable_features {
@@ -46,7 +48,7 @@ pub(crate) fn build_backend(
 
     CG_CLIF
         .target_dir(dirs)
-        .join(host_triple)
+        .join(&bootstrap_host_compiler.triple)
         .join(channel)
         .join(get_file_name("rustc_codegen_cranelift", "dylib"))
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/build_sysroot.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/build_sysroot.rs
index cbbf09b9b97..bd04fdbe304 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/build_sysroot.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/build_sysroot.rs
@@ -1,31 +1,32 @@
 use std::fs;
-use std::path::Path;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::process::{self, Command};
 
 use super::path::{Dirs, RelPath};
-use super::rustc_info::{get_file_name, get_rustc_version, get_wrapper_file_name};
-use super::utils::{spawn_and_wait, try_hard_link, CargoProject, Compiler};
+use super::rustc_info::{get_file_name, get_rustc_version, get_toolchain_name};
+use super::utils::{remove_dir_if_exists, spawn_and_wait, try_hard_link, CargoProject, Compiler};
 use super::SysrootKind;
 
 static DIST_DIR: RelPath = RelPath::DIST;
 static BIN_DIR: RelPath = RelPath::DIST.join("bin");
 static LIB_DIR: RelPath = RelPath::DIST.join("lib");
-static RUSTLIB_DIR: RelPath = LIB_DIR.join("rustlib");
 
 pub(crate) fn build_sysroot(
     dirs: &Dirs,
     channel: &str,
     sysroot_kind: SysrootKind,
     cg_clif_dylib_src: &Path,
-    host_triple: &str,
-    target_triple: &str,
-) {
+    bootstrap_host_compiler: &Compiler,
+    target_triple: String,
+) -> Compiler {
     eprintln!("[BUILD] sysroot {:?}", sysroot_kind);
 
     DIST_DIR.ensure_fresh(dirs);
     BIN_DIR.ensure_exists(dirs);
     LIB_DIR.ensure_exists(dirs);
 
+    let is_native = bootstrap_host_compiler.triple == target_triple;
+
     // Copy the backend
     let cg_clif_dylib_path = if cfg!(windows) {
         // Windows doesn't have rpath support, so the cg_clif dylib needs to be next to the
@@ -35,129 +36,169 @@ pub(crate) fn build_sysroot(
         LIB_DIR
     }
     .to_path(dirs)
-    .join(get_file_name("rustc_codegen_cranelift", "dylib"));
+    .join(cg_clif_dylib_src.file_name().unwrap());
     try_hard_link(cg_clif_dylib_src, &cg_clif_dylib_path);
 
     // Build and copy rustc and cargo wrappers
+    let wrapper_base_name = get_file_name("____", "bin");
+    let toolchain_name = get_toolchain_name();
     for wrapper in ["rustc-clif", "rustdoc-clif", "cargo-clif"] {
-        let wrapper_name = get_wrapper_file_name(wrapper, "bin");
+        let wrapper_name = wrapper_base_name.replace("____", wrapper);
 
-        let mut build_cargo_wrapper_cmd = Command::new("rustc");
+        let mut build_cargo_wrapper_cmd = Command::new(&bootstrap_host_compiler.rustc);
         build_cargo_wrapper_cmd
+            .env("TOOLCHAIN_NAME", toolchain_name.clone())
             .arg(RelPath::SCRIPTS.to_path(dirs).join(&format!("{wrapper}.rs")))
             .arg("-o")
             .arg(DIST_DIR.to_path(dirs).join(wrapper_name))
-            .arg("-g");
+            .arg("-Cstrip=debuginfo");
         spawn_and_wait(build_cargo_wrapper_cmd);
     }
 
-    let default_sysroot = super::rustc_info::get_default_sysroot();
+    let host = build_sysroot_for_triple(
+        dirs,
+        channel,
+        bootstrap_host_compiler.clone(),
+        &cg_clif_dylib_path,
+        sysroot_kind,
+    );
+    host.install_into_sysroot(&DIST_DIR.to_path(dirs));
 
-    let host_rustlib_lib = RUSTLIB_DIR.to_path(dirs).join(host_triple).join("lib");
-    let target_rustlib_lib = RUSTLIB_DIR.to_path(dirs).join(target_triple).join("lib");
-    fs::create_dir_all(&host_rustlib_lib).unwrap();
-    fs::create_dir_all(&target_rustlib_lib).unwrap();
+    if !is_native {
+        build_sysroot_for_triple(
+            dirs,
+            channel,
+            {
+                let mut bootstrap_target_compiler = bootstrap_host_compiler.clone();
+                bootstrap_target_compiler.triple = target_triple.clone();
+                bootstrap_target_compiler.set_cross_linker_and_runner();
+                bootstrap_target_compiler
+            },
+            &cg_clif_dylib_path,
+            sysroot_kind,
+        )
+        .install_into_sysroot(&DIST_DIR.to_path(dirs));
+    }
 
-    if target_triple == "x86_64-pc-windows-gnu" {
-        if !default_sysroot.join("lib").join("rustlib").join(target_triple).join("lib").exists() {
-            eprintln!(
-                "The x86_64-pc-windows-gnu target needs to be installed first before it is possible \
-                to compile a sysroot for it.",
-            );
-            process::exit(1);
+    // Copy std for the host to the lib dir. This is necessary for the jit mode to find
+    // libstd.
+    for lib in host.libs {
+        let filename = lib.file_name().unwrap().to_str().unwrap();
+        if filename.contains("std-") && !filename.contains(".rlib") {
+            try_hard_link(&lib, LIB_DIR.to_path(dirs).join(lib.file_name().unwrap()));
         }
-        for file in fs::read_dir(
-            default_sysroot.join("lib").join("rustlib").join(target_triple).join("lib"),
-        )
-        .unwrap()
-        {
-            let file = file.unwrap().path();
-            if file.extension().map_or(true, |ext| ext.to_str().unwrap() != "o") {
-                continue; // only copy object files
-            }
-            try_hard_link(&file, target_rustlib_lib.join(file.file_name().unwrap()));
+    }
+
+    let mut target_compiler = {
+        let dirs: &Dirs = &dirs;
+        let rustc_clif =
+            RelPath::DIST.to_path(&dirs).join(wrapper_base_name.replace("____", "rustc-clif"));
+        let rustdoc_clif =
+            RelPath::DIST.to_path(&dirs).join(wrapper_base_name.replace("____", "rustdoc-clif"));
+
+        Compiler {
+            cargo: bootstrap_host_compiler.cargo.clone(),
+            rustc: rustc_clif.clone(),
+            rustdoc: rustdoc_clif.clone(),
+            rustflags: String::new(),
+            rustdocflags: String::new(),
+            triple: target_triple,
+            runner: vec![],
         }
+    };
+    if !is_native {
+        target_compiler.set_cross_linker_and_runner();
     }
+    target_compiler
+}
 
-    match sysroot_kind {
-        SysrootKind::None => {} // Nothing to do
-        SysrootKind::Llvm => {
-            for file in fs::read_dir(
-                default_sysroot.join("lib").join("rustlib").join(host_triple).join("lib"),
-            )
-            .unwrap()
-            {
-                let file = file.unwrap().path();
-                let file_name_str = file.file_name().unwrap().to_str().unwrap();
-                if (file_name_str.contains("rustc_")
-                    && !file_name_str.contains("rustc_std_workspace_")
-                    && !file_name_str.contains("rustc_demangle"))
-                    || file_name_str.contains("chalk")
-                    || file_name_str.contains("tracing")
-                    || file_name_str.contains("regex")
-                {
-                    // These are large crates that are part of the rustc-dev component and are not
-                    // necessary to run regular programs.
-                    continue;
-                }
-                try_hard_link(&file, host_rustlib_lib.join(file.file_name().unwrap()));
-            }
+struct SysrootTarget {
+    triple: String,
+    libs: Vec<PathBuf>,
+}
 
-            if target_triple != host_triple {
-                for file in fs::read_dir(
-                    default_sysroot.join("lib").join("rustlib").join(target_triple).join("lib"),
-                )
-                .unwrap()
-                {
-                    let file = file.unwrap().path();
-                    try_hard_link(&file, target_rustlib_lib.join(file.file_name().unwrap()));
-                }
-            }
+impl SysrootTarget {
+    fn install_into_sysroot(&self, sysroot: &Path) {
+        if self.libs.is_empty() {
+            return;
         }
-        SysrootKind::Clif => {
-            build_clif_sysroot_for_triple(dirs, channel, host_triple, &cg_clif_dylib_path, None);
-
-            if host_triple != target_triple {
-                // When cross-compiling it is often necessary to manually pick the right linker
-                let linker = match target_triple {
-                    "aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu" => Some("aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc"),
-                    "s390x-unknown-linux-gnu" => Some("s390x-linux-gnu-gcc"),
-                    _ => None,
-                };
-                build_clif_sysroot_for_triple(
-                    dirs,
-                    channel,
-                    target_triple,
-                    &cg_clif_dylib_path,
-                    linker,
-                );
-            }
 
-            // Copy std for the host to the lib dir. This is necessary for the jit mode to find
-            // libstd.
-            for file in fs::read_dir(host_rustlib_lib).unwrap() {
-                let file = file.unwrap().path();
-                let filename = file.file_name().unwrap().to_str().unwrap();
-                if filename.contains("std-") && !filename.contains(".rlib") {
-                    try_hard_link(&file, LIB_DIR.to_path(dirs).join(file.file_name().unwrap()));
-                }
-            }
+        let target_rustlib_lib = sysroot.join("lib").join("rustlib").join(&self.triple).join("lib");
+        fs::create_dir_all(&target_rustlib_lib).unwrap();
+
+        for lib in &self.libs {
+            try_hard_link(lib, target_rustlib_lib.join(lib.file_name().unwrap()));
         }
     }
 }
 
-// FIXME move to download/ or dist/
-pub(crate) static SYSROOT_RUSTC_VERSION: RelPath = RelPath::BUILD_SYSROOT.join("rustc_version");
-pub(crate) static SYSROOT_SRC: RelPath = RelPath::BUILD_SYSROOT.join("sysroot_src");
-static STANDARD_LIBRARY: CargoProject = CargoProject::new(&RelPath::BUILD_SYSROOT, "build_sysroot");
+pub(crate) static ORIG_BUILD_SYSROOT: RelPath = RelPath::SOURCE.join("build_sysroot");
+pub(crate) static BUILD_SYSROOT: RelPath = RelPath::DOWNLOAD.join("sysroot");
+pub(crate) static SYSROOT_RUSTC_VERSION: RelPath = BUILD_SYSROOT.join("rustc_version");
+pub(crate) static SYSROOT_SRC: RelPath = BUILD_SYSROOT.join("sysroot_src");
+pub(crate) static STANDARD_LIBRARY: CargoProject =
+    CargoProject::new(&BUILD_SYSROOT, "build_sysroot");
+pub(crate) static RTSTARTUP_SYSROOT: RelPath = RelPath::BUILD.join("rtstartup");
 
+#[must_use]
+fn build_sysroot_for_triple(
+    dirs: &Dirs,
+    channel: &str,
+    compiler: Compiler,
+    cg_clif_dylib_path: &Path,
+    sysroot_kind: SysrootKind,
+) -> SysrootTarget {
+    match sysroot_kind {
+        SysrootKind::None => build_rtstartup(dirs, &compiler)
+            .unwrap_or(SysrootTarget { triple: compiler.triple, libs: vec![] }),
+        SysrootKind::Llvm => build_llvm_sysroot_for_triple(compiler),
+        SysrootKind::Clif => {
+            build_clif_sysroot_for_triple(dirs, channel, compiler, &cg_clif_dylib_path)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[must_use]
+fn build_llvm_sysroot_for_triple(compiler: Compiler) -> SysrootTarget {
+    let default_sysroot = super::rustc_info::get_default_sysroot(&compiler.rustc);
+
+    let mut target_libs = SysrootTarget { triple: compiler.triple, libs: vec![] };
+
+    for entry in fs::read_dir(
+        default_sysroot.join("lib").join("rustlib").join(&target_libs.triple).join("lib"),
+    )
+    .unwrap()
+    {
+        let entry = entry.unwrap();
+        if entry.file_type().unwrap().is_dir() {
+            continue;
+        }
+        let file = entry.path();
+        let file_name_str = file.file_name().unwrap().to_str().unwrap();
+        if (file_name_str.contains("rustc_")
+            && !file_name_str.contains("rustc_std_workspace_")
+            && !file_name_str.contains("rustc_demangle"))
+            || file_name_str.contains("chalk")
+            || file_name_str.contains("tracing")
+            || file_name_str.contains("regex")
+        {
+            // These are large crates that are part of the rustc-dev component and are not
+            // necessary to run regular programs.
+            continue;
+        }
+        target_libs.libs.push(file);
+    }
+
+    target_libs
+}
+
+#[must_use]
 fn build_clif_sysroot_for_triple(
     dirs: &Dirs,
     channel: &str,
-    triple: &str,
+    mut compiler: Compiler,
     cg_clif_dylib_path: &Path,
-    linker: Option<&str>,
-) {
+) -> SysrootTarget {
     match fs::read_to_string(SYSROOT_RUSTC_VERSION.to_path(dirs)) {
         Err(e) => {
             eprintln!("Failed to get rustc version for patched sysroot source: {}", e);
@@ -165,7 +206,7 @@ fn build_clif_sysroot_for_triple(
             process::exit(1);
         }
         Ok(source_version) => {
-            let rustc_version = get_rustc_version();
+            let rustc_version = get_rustc_version(&compiler.rustc);
             if source_version != rustc_version {
                 eprintln!("The patched sysroot source is outdated");
                 eprintln!("Source version: {}", source_version.trim());
@@ -176,29 +217,32 @@ fn build_clif_sysroot_for_triple(
         }
     }
 
-    let build_dir = STANDARD_LIBRARY.target_dir(dirs).join(triple).join(channel);
+    let mut target_libs = SysrootTarget { triple: compiler.triple.clone(), libs: vec![] };
+
+    if let Some(rtstartup_target_libs) = build_rtstartup(dirs, &compiler) {
+        rtstartup_target_libs.install_into_sysroot(&RTSTARTUP_SYSROOT.to_path(dirs));
+
+        target_libs.libs.extend(rtstartup_target_libs.libs);
+    }
+
+    let build_dir = STANDARD_LIBRARY.target_dir(dirs).join(&compiler.triple).join(channel);
 
     if !super::config::get_bool("keep_sysroot") {
         // Cleanup the deps dir, but keep build scripts and the incremental cache for faster
         // recompilation as they are not affected by changes in cg_clif.
-        if build_dir.join("deps").exists() {
-            fs::remove_dir_all(build_dir.join("deps")).unwrap();
-        }
+        remove_dir_if_exists(&build_dir.join("deps"));
     }
 
     // Build sysroot
-    let mut rustflags = "-Zforce-unstable-if-unmarked -Cpanic=abort".to_string();
+    let mut rustflags = " -Zforce-unstable-if-unmarked -Cpanic=abort".to_string();
     rustflags.push_str(&format!(" -Zcodegen-backend={}", cg_clif_dylib_path.to_str().unwrap()));
-    rustflags.push_str(&format!(" --sysroot={}", DIST_DIR.to_path(dirs).to_str().unwrap()));
+    // Necessary for MinGW to find rsbegin.o and rsend.o
+    rustflags
+        .push_str(&format!(" --sysroot={}", RTSTARTUP_SYSROOT.to_path(dirs).to_str().unwrap()));
     if channel == "release" {
         rustflags.push_str(" -Zmir-opt-level=3");
     }
-    if let Some(linker) = linker {
-        use std::fmt::Write;
-        write!(rustflags, " -Clinker={}", linker).unwrap();
-    }
-    let mut compiler = Compiler::with_triple(triple.to_owned());
-    compiler.rustflags = rustflags;
+    compiler.rustflags += &rustflags;
     let mut build_cmd = STANDARD_LIBRARY.build(&compiler, dirs);
     if channel == "release" {
         build_cmd.arg("--release");
@@ -206,7 +250,6 @@ fn build_clif_sysroot_for_triple(
     build_cmd.env("__CARGO_DEFAULT_LIB_METADATA", "cg_clif");
     spawn_and_wait(build_cmd);
 
-    // Copy all relevant files to the sysroot
     for entry in fs::read_dir(build_dir.join("deps")).unwrap() {
         let entry = entry.unwrap();
         if let Some(ext) = entry.path().extension() {
@@ -216,9 +259,35 @@ fn build_clif_sysroot_for_triple(
         } else {
             continue;
         };
-        try_hard_link(
-            entry.path(),
-            RUSTLIB_DIR.to_path(dirs).join(triple).join("lib").join(entry.file_name()),
-        );
+        target_libs.libs.push(entry.path());
+    }
+
+    target_libs
+}
+
+fn build_rtstartup(dirs: &Dirs, compiler: &Compiler) -> Option<SysrootTarget> {
+    if !compiler.triple.ends_with("windows-gnu") {
+        return None;
     }
+
+    RTSTARTUP_SYSROOT.ensure_fresh(dirs);
+
+    let rtstartup_src = SYSROOT_SRC.to_path(dirs).join("library").join("rtstartup");
+    let mut target_libs = SysrootTarget { triple: compiler.triple.clone(), libs: vec![] };
+
+    for file in ["rsbegin", "rsend"] {
+        let obj = RTSTARTUP_SYSROOT.to_path(dirs).join(format!("{file}.o"));
+        let mut build_rtstartup_cmd = Command::new(&compiler.rustc);
+        build_rtstartup_cmd
+            .arg("--target")
+            .arg(&compiler.triple)
+            .arg("--emit=obj")
+            .arg("-o")
+            .arg(&obj)
+            .arg(rtstartup_src.join(format!("{file}.rs")));
+        spawn_and_wait(build_rtstartup_cmd);
+        target_libs.libs.push(obj.clone());
+    }
+
+    Some(target_libs)
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/mod.rs
index 1afc9a55c73..8dcbe8de189 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/mod.rs
@@ -2,9 +2,10 @@ use std::env;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 use std::process;
 
-use self::utils::is_ci;
+use self::utils::{is_ci, Compiler};
 
 mod abi_cafe;
+mod bench;
 mod build_backend;
 mod build_sysroot;
 mod config;
@@ -14,31 +15,8 @@ mod rustc_info;
 mod tests;
 mod utils;
 
-const USAGE: &str = r#"The build system of cg_clif.
-
-USAGE:
-    ./y.rs prepare [--out-dir DIR]
-    ./y.rs build [--debug] [--sysroot none|clif|llvm] [--out-dir DIR] [--no-unstable-features]
-    ./y.rs test [--debug] [--sysroot none|clif|llvm] [--out-dir DIR] [--no-unstable-features]
-
-OPTIONS:
-    --sysroot none|clif|llvm
-            Which sysroot libraries to use:
-            `none` will not include any standard library in the sysroot.
-            `clif` will build the standard library using Cranelift.
-            `llvm` will use the pre-compiled standard library of rustc which is compiled with LLVM.
-
-    --out-dir DIR
-            Specify the directory in which the download, build and dist directories are stored.
-            By default this is the working directory.
-
-    --no-unstable-features
-            fSome features are not yet ready for production usage. This option will disable these
-            features. This includes the JIT mode and inline assembly support.
-"#;
-
 fn usage() {
-    eprintln!("{USAGE}");
+    eprintln!("{}", include_str!("usage.txt"));
 }
 
 macro_rules! arg_error {
@@ -54,6 +32,8 @@ enum Command {
     Prepare,
     Build,
     Test,
+    AbiCafe,
+    Bench,
 }
 
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
@@ -64,12 +44,17 @@ pub(crate) enum SysrootKind {
 }
 
 pub fn main() {
-    env::set_var("CG_CLIF_DISPLAY_CG_TIME", "1");
+    if env::var("RUST_BACKTRACE").is_err() {
+        env::set_var("RUST_BACKTRACE", "1");
+    }
     env::set_var("CG_CLIF_DISABLE_INCR_CACHE", "1");
 
     if is_ci() {
         // Disabling incr comp reduces cache size and incr comp doesn't save as much on CI anyway
         env::set_var("CARGO_BUILD_INCREMENTAL", "false");
+
+        // Enable the Cranelift verifier
+        env::set_var("CG_CLIF_ENABLE_VERIFIER", "1");
     }
 
     let mut args = env::args().skip(1);
@@ -77,6 +62,8 @@ pub fn main() {
         Some("prepare") => Command::Prepare,
         Some("build") => Command::Build,
         Some("test") => Command::Test,
+        Some("abi-cafe") => Command::AbiCafe,
+        Some("bench") => Command::Bench,
         Some(flag) if flag.starts_with('-') => arg_error!("Expected command found flag {}", flag),
         Some(command) => arg_error!("Unknown command {}", command),
         None => {
@@ -112,24 +99,16 @@ pub fn main() {
         }
     }
 
-    let host_triple = if let Ok(host_triple) = std::env::var("HOST_TRIPLE") {
-        host_triple
-    } else if let Some(host_triple) = config::get_value("host") {
-        host_triple
-    } else {
-        rustc_info::get_host_triple()
-    };
-    let target_triple = if let Ok(target_triple) = std::env::var("TARGET_TRIPLE") {
-        if target_triple != "" {
-            target_triple
-        } else {
-            host_triple.clone() // Empty target triple can happen on GHA
-        }
-    } else if let Some(target_triple) = config::get_value("target") {
-        target_triple
-    } else {
-        host_triple.clone()
-    };
+    let bootstrap_host_compiler = Compiler::bootstrap_with_triple(
+        std::env::var("HOST_TRIPLE")
+            .ok()
+            .or_else(|| config::get_value("host"))
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| rustc_info::get_host_triple()),
+    );
+    let target_triple = std::env::var("TARGET_TRIPLE")
+        .ok()
+        .or_else(|| config::get_value("target"))
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| bootstrap_host_compiler.triple.clone());
 
     // FIXME allow changing the location of these dirs using cli arguments
     let current_dir = std::env::current_dir().unwrap();
@@ -157,8 +136,15 @@ pub fn main() {
         process::exit(0);
     }
 
-    let cg_clif_dylib =
-        build_backend::build_backend(&dirs, channel, &host_triple, use_unstable_features);
+    env::set_var("RUSTC", "rustc_should_be_set_explicitly");
+    env::set_var("RUSTDOC", "rustdoc_should_be_set_explicitly");
+
+    let cg_clif_dylib = build_backend::build_backend(
+        &dirs,
+        channel,
+        &bootstrap_host_compiler,
+        use_unstable_features,
+    );
     match command {
         Command::Prepare => {
             // Handled above
@@ -169,28 +155,37 @@ pub fn main() {
                 channel,
                 sysroot_kind,
                 &cg_clif_dylib,
-                &host_triple,
-                &target_triple,
+                &bootstrap_host_compiler,
+                target_triple.clone(),
             );
-
-            abi_cafe::run(
+        }
+        Command::AbiCafe => {
+            if bootstrap_host_compiler.triple != target_triple {
+                eprintln!("Abi-cafe doesn't support cross-compilation");
+                process::exit(1);
+            }
+            abi_cafe::run(channel, sysroot_kind, &dirs, &cg_clif_dylib, &bootstrap_host_compiler);
+        }
+        Command::Build => {
+            build_sysroot::build_sysroot(
+                &dirs,
                 channel,
                 sysroot_kind,
-                &dirs,
                 &cg_clif_dylib,
-                &host_triple,
-                &target_triple,
+                &bootstrap_host_compiler,
+                target_triple,
             );
         }
-        Command::Build => {
+        Command::Bench => {
             build_sysroot::build_sysroot(
                 &dirs,
                 channel,
                 sysroot_kind,
                 &cg_clif_dylib,
-                &host_triple,
-                &target_triple,
+                &bootstrap_host_compiler,
+                target_triple,
             );
+            bench::benchmark(&dirs, &bootstrap_host_compiler);
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/path.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/path.rs
index e93981f1d64..3290723005d 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/path.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/path.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 use std::fs;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
+use super::utils::remove_dir_if_exists;
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub(crate) struct Dirs {
     pub(crate) source_dir: PathBuf,
@@ -42,7 +44,6 @@ impl RelPath {
     pub(crate) const DIST: RelPath = RelPath::Base(PathBase::Dist);
 
     pub(crate) const SCRIPTS: RelPath = RelPath::SOURCE.join("scripts");
-    pub(crate) const BUILD_SYSROOT: RelPath = RelPath::SOURCE.join("build_sysroot");
     pub(crate) const PATCHES: RelPath = RelPath::SOURCE.join("patches");
 
     pub(crate) const fn join(&'static self, suffix: &'static str) -> RelPath {
@@ -62,9 +63,7 @@ impl RelPath {
 
     pub(crate) fn ensure_fresh(&self, dirs: &Dirs) {
         let path = self.to_path(dirs);
-        if path.exists() {
-            fs::remove_dir_all(&path).unwrap();
-        }
+        remove_dir_if_exists(&path);
         fs::create_dir_all(path).unwrap();
     }
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/prepare.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/prepare.rs
index 8ac67e8f942..f25a81dc234 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/prepare.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/prepare.rs
@@ -3,73 +3,55 @@ use std::fs;
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::process::Command;
 
-use super::build_sysroot::{SYSROOT_RUSTC_VERSION, SYSROOT_SRC};
+use super::build_sysroot::{BUILD_SYSROOT, ORIG_BUILD_SYSROOT, SYSROOT_RUSTC_VERSION, SYSROOT_SRC};
 use super::path::{Dirs, RelPath};
-use super::rustc_info::{get_file_name, get_rustc_path, get_rustc_version};
-use super::utils::{copy_dir_recursively, spawn_and_wait, Compiler};
+use super::rustc_info::{get_default_sysroot, get_rustc_version};
+use super::utils::{copy_dir_recursively, git_command, retry_spawn_and_wait, spawn_and_wait};
 
 pub(crate) fn prepare(dirs: &Dirs) {
-    if RelPath::DOWNLOAD.to_path(dirs).exists() {
-        std::fs::remove_dir_all(RelPath::DOWNLOAD.to_path(dirs)).unwrap();
-    }
-    std::fs::create_dir_all(RelPath::DOWNLOAD.to_path(dirs)).unwrap();
+    RelPath::DOWNLOAD.ensure_fresh(dirs);
 
-    prepare_sysroot(dirs);
+    spawn_and_wait(super::build_backend::CG_CLIF.fetch("cargo", dirs));
 
-    // FIXME maybe install this only locally?
-    eprintln!("[INSTALL] hyperfine");
-    Command::new("cargo")
-        .arg("install")
-        .arg("hyperfine")
-        .env_remove("CARGO_TARGET_DIR")
-        .spawn()
-        .unwrap()
-        .wait()
-        .unwrap();
+    prepare_sysroot(dirs);
+    spawn_and_wait(super::build_sysroot::STANDARD_LIBRARY.fetch("cargo", dirs));
+    spawn_and_wait(super::tests::LIBCORE_TESTS.fetch("cargo", dirs));
 
     super::abi_cafe::ABI_CAFE_REPO.fetch(dirs);
+    spawn_and_wait(super::abi_cafe::ABI_CAFE.fetch("cargo", dirs));
     super::tests::RAND_REPO.fetch(dirs);
+    spawn_and_wait(super::tests::RAND.fetch("cargo", dirs));
     super::tests::REGEX_REPO.fetch(dirs);
+    spawn_and_wait(super::tests::REGEX.fetch("cargo", dirs));
     super::tests::PORTABLE_SIMD_REPO.fetch(dirs);
-    super::tests::SIMPLE_RAYTRACER_REPO.fetch(dirs);
-
-    eprintln!("[LLVM BUILD] simple-raytracer");
-    let host_compiler = Compiler::host();
-    let build_cmd = super::tests::SIMPLE_RAYTRACER.build(&host_compiler, dirs);
-    spawn_and_wait(build_cmd);
-    fs::copy(
-        super::tests::SIMPLE_RAYTRACER
-            .target_dir(dirs)
-            .join(&host_compiler.triple)
-            .join("debug")
-            .join(get_file_name("main", "bin")),
-        RelPath::BUILD.to_path(dirs).join(get_file_name("raytracer_cg_llvm", "bin")),
-    )
-    .unwrap();
+    spawn_and_wait(super::tests::PORTABLE_SIMD.fetch("cargo", dirs));
+    super::bench::SIMPLE_RAYTRACER_REPO.fetch(dirs);
+    spawn_and_wait(super::bench::SIMPLE_RAYTRACER.fetch("cargo", dirs));
 }
 
 fn prepare_sysroot(dirs: &Dirs) {
-    let rustc_path = get_rustc_path();
-    let sysroot_src_orig = rustc_path.parent().unwrap().join("../lib/rustlib/src/rust");
-    let sysroot_src = SYSROOT_SRC;
-
+    let sysroot_src_orig = get_default_sysroot(Path::new("rustc")).join("lib/rustlib/src/rust");
     assert!(sysroot_src_orig.exists());
 
-    sysroot_src.ensure_fresh(dirs);
-    fs::create_dir_all(sysroot_src.to_path(dirs).join("library")).unwrap();
     eprintln!("[COPY] sysroot src");
+
+    // FIXME ensure builds error out or update the copy if any of the files copied here change
+    BUILD_SYSROOT.ensure_fresh(dirs);
+    copy_dir_recursively(&ORIG_BUILD_SYSROOT.to_path(dirs), &BUILD_SYSROOT.to_path(dirs));
+
+    fs::create_dir_all(SYSROOT_SRC.to_path(dirs).join("library")).unwrap();
     copy_dir_recursively(
         &sysroot_src_orig.join("library"),
-        &sysroot_src.to_path(dirs).join("library"),
+        &SYSROOT_SRC.to_path(dirs).join("library"),
     );
 
-    let rustc_version = get_rustc_version();
+    let rustc_version = get_rustc_version(Path::new("rustc"));
     fs::write(SYSROOT_RUSTC_VERSION.to_path(dirs), &rustc_version).unwrap();
 
     eprintln!("[GIT] init");
-    init_git_repo(&sysroot_src.to_path(dirs));
+    init_git_repo(&SYSROOT_SRC.to_path(dirs));
 
-    apply_patches(dirs, "sysroot", &sysroot_src.to_path(dirs));
+    apply_patches(dirs, "sysroot", &SYSROOT_SRC.to_path(dirs));
 }
 
 pub(crate) struct GitRepo {
@@ -118,14 +100,14 @@ impl GitRepo {
 fn clone_repo(download_dir: &Path, repo: &str, rev: &str) {
     eprintln!("[CLONE] {}", repo);
     // Ignore exit code as the repo may already have been checked out
-    Command::new("git").arg("clone").arg(repo).arg(&download_dir).spawn().unwrap().wait().unwrap();
+    git_command(None, "clone").arg(repo).arg(download_dir).spawn().unwrap().wait().unwrap();
 
-    let mut clean_cmd = Command::new("git");
-    clean_cmd.arg("checkout").arg("--").arg(".").current_dir(&download_dir);
+    let mut clean_cmd = git_command(download_dir, "checkout");
+    clean_cmd.arg("--").arg(".");
     spawn_and_wait(clean_cmd);
 
-    let mut checkout_cmd = Command::new("git");
-    checkout_cmd.arg("checkout").arg("-q").arg(rev).current_dir(download_dir);
+    let mut checkout_cmd = git_command(download_dir, "checkout");
+    checkout_cmd.arg("-q").arg(rev);
     spawn_and_wait(checkout_cmd);
 }
 
@@ -149,8 +131,22 @@ fn clone_repo_shallow_github(dirs: &Dirs, download_dir: &Path, user: &str, repo:
 
     // Download zip archive
     let mut download_cmd = Command::new("curl");
-    download_cmd.arg("--location").arg("--output").arg(&archive_file).arg(archive_url);
-    spawn_and_wait(download_cmd);
+    download_cmd
+        .arg("--max-time")
+        .arg("600")
+        .arg("-y")
+        .arg("30")
+        .arg("-Y")
+        .arg("10")
+        .arg("--connect-timeout")
+        .arg("30")
+        .arg("--continue-at")
+        .arg("-")
+        .arg("--location")
+        .arg("--output")
+        .arg(&archive_file)
+        .arg(archive_url);
+    retry_spawn_and_wait(5, download_cmd);
 
     // Unpack tar archive
     let mut unpack_cmd = Command::new("tar");
@@ -167,25 +163,16 @@ fn clone_repo_shallow_github(dirs: &Dirs, download_dir: &Path, user: &str, repo:
 }
 
 fn init_git_repo(repo_dir: &Path) {
-    let mut git_init_cmd = Command::new("git");
-    git_init_cmd.arg("init").arg("-q").current_dir(repo_dir);
+    let mut git_init_cmd = git_command(repo_dir, "init");
+    git_init_cmd.arg("-q");
     spawn_and_wait(git_init_cmd);
 
-    let mut git_add_cmd = Command::new("git");
-    git_add_cmd.arg("add").arg(".").current_dir(repo_dir);
+    let mut git_add_cmd = git_command(repo_dir, "add");
+    git_add_cmd.arg(".");
     spawn_and_wait(git_add_cmd);
 
-    let mut git_commit_cmd = Command::new("git");
-    git_commit_cmd
-        .arg("-c")
-        .arg("user.name=Dummy")
-        .arg("-c")
-        .arg("user.email=dummy@example.com")
-        .arg("commit")
-        .arg("-m")
-        .arg("Initial commit")
-        .arg("-q")
-        .current_dir(repo_dir);
+    let mut git_commit_cmd = git_command(repo_dir, "commit");
+    git_commit_cmd.arg("-m").arg("Initial commit").arg("-q");
     spawn_and_wait(git_commit_cmd);
 }
 
@@ -220,16 +207,8 @@ fn apply_patches(dirs: &Dirs, crate_name: &str, target_dir: &Path) {
             target_dir.file_name().unwrap(),
             patch.file_name().unwrap()
         );
-        let mut apply_patch_cmd = Command::new("git");
-        apply_patch_cmd
-            .arg("-c")
-            .arg("user.name=Dummy")
-            .arg("-c")
-            .arg("user.email=dummy@example.com")
-            .arg("am")
-            .arg(patch)
-            .arg("-q")
-            .current_dir(target_dir);
+        let mut apply_patch_cmd = git_command(target_dir, "am");
+        apply_patch_cmd.arg(patch).arg("-q");
         spawn_and_wait(apply_patch_cmd);
     }
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/rustc_info.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/rustc_info.rs
index 8e5ab688e13..a70453b4422 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/rustc_info.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/rustc_info.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::process::{Command, Stdio};
 
-pub(crate) fn get_rustc_version() -> String {
+pub(crate) fn get_rustc_version(rustc: &Path) -> String {
     let version_info =
-        Command::new("rustc").stderr(Stdio::inherit()).args(&["-V"]).output().unwrap().stdout;
+        Command::new(rustc).stderr(Stdio::inherit()).args(&["-V"]).output().unwrap().stdout;
     String::from_utf8(version_info).unwrap()
 }
 
@@ -23,6 +23,16 @@ pub(crate) fn get_host_triple() -> String {
         .to_owned()
 }
 
+pub(crate) fn get_toolchain_name() -> String {
+    let active_toolchain = Command::new("rustup")
+        .stderr(Stdio::inherit())
+        .args(&["show", "active-toolchain"])
+        .output()
+        .unwrap()
+        .stdout;
+    String::from_utf8(active_toolchain).unwrap().trim().split_once(' ').unwrap().0.to_owned()
+}
+
 pub(crate) fn get_cargo_path() -> PathBuf {
     let cargo_path = Command::new("rustup")
         .stderr(Stdio::inherit())
@@ -53,8 +63,8 @@ pub(crate) fn get_rustdoc_path() -> PathBuf {
     Path::new(String::from_utf8(rustc_path).unwrap().trim()).to_owned()
 }
 
-pub(crate) fn get_default_sysroot() -> PathBuf {
-    let default_sysroot = Command::new("rustc")
+pub(crate) fn get_default_sysroot(rustc: &Path) -> PathBuf {
+    let default_sysroot = Command::new(rustc)
         .stderr(Stdio::inherit())
         .args(&["--print", "sysroot"])
         .output()
@@ -83,12 +93,3 @@ pub(crate) fn get_file_name(crate_name: &str, crate_type: &str) -> String {
     assert!(file_name.contains(crate_name));
     file_name
 }
-
-/// Similar to `get_file_name`, but converts any dashes (`-`) in the `crate_name` to
-/// underscores (`_`). This is specially made for the rustc and cargo wrappers
-/// which have a dash in the name, and that is not allowed in a crate name.
-pub(crate) fn get_wrapper_file_name(crate_name: &str, crate_type: &str) -> String {
-    let crate_name = crate_name.replace('-', "_");
-    let wrapper_name = get_file_name(&crate_name, crate_type);
-    wrapper_name.replace('_', "-")
-}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/tests.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/tests.rs
index 1c372736ed6..dcfadd73756 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/tests.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/tests.rs
@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
-use super::build_sysroot;
+use super::bench::SIMPLE_RAYTRACER;
+use super::build_sysroot::{self, SYSROOT_SRC};
 use super::config;
 use super::path::{Dirs, RelPath};
 use super::prepare::GitRepo;
-use super::rustc_info::{get_cargo_path, get_wrapper_file_name};
-use super::utils::{
-    hyperfine_command, spawn_and_wait, spawn_and_wait_with_input, CargoProject, Compiler,
-};
+use super::rustc_info::get_host_triple;
+use super::utils::{spawn_and_wait, spawn_and_wait_with_input, CargoProject, Compiler};
 use super::SysrootKind;
 use std::env;
 use std::ffi::OsStr;
@@ -17,256 +16,111 @@ static BUILD_EXAMPLE_OUT_DIR: RelPath = RelPath::BUILD.join("example");
 
 struct TestCase {
     config: &'static str,
-    func: &'static dyn Fn(&TestRunner),
+    cmd: TestCaseCmd,
+}
+
+enum TestCaseCmd {
+    Custom { func: &'static dyn Fn(&TestRunner) },
+    BuildLib { source: &'static str, crate_types: &'static str },
+    BuildBinAndRun { source: &'static str, args: &'static [&'static str] },
+    JitBin { source: &'static str, args: &'static str },
 }
 
 impl TestCase {
-    const fn new(config: &'static str, func: &'static dyn Fn(&TestRunner)) -> Self {
-        Self { config, func }
+    // FIXME reduce usage of custom test case commands
+    const fn custom(config: &'static str, func: &'static dyn Fn(&TestRunner)) -> Self {
+        Self { config, cmd: TestCaseCmd::Custom { func } }
+    }
+
+    const fn build_lib(
+        config: &'static str,
+        source: &'static str,
+        crate_types: &'static str,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self { config, cmd: TestCaseCmd::BuildLib { source, crate_types } }
+    }
+
+    const fn build_bin_and_run(
+        config: &'static str,
+        source: &'static str,
+        args: &'static [&'static str],
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self { config, cmd: TestCaseCmd::BuildBinAndRun { source, args } }
+    }
+
+    const fn jit_bin(config: &'static str, source: &'static str, args: &'static str) -> Self {
+        Self { config, cmd: TestCaseCmd::JitBin { source, args } }
     }
 }
 
 const NO_SYSROOT_SUITE: &[TestCase] = &[
-    TestCase::new("build.mini_core", &|runner| {
-        runner.run_rustc([
-            "example/mini_core.rs",
-            "--crate-name",
-            "mini_core",
-            "--crate-type",
-            "lib,dylib",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-    }),
-    TestCase::new("build.example", &|runner| {
-        runner.run_rustc([
-            "example/example.rs",
-            "--crate-type",
-            "lib",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-    }),
-    TestCase::new("jit.mini_core_hello_world", &|runner| {
-        let mut jit_cmd = runner.rustc_command([
-            "-Zunstable-options",
-            "-Cllvm-args=mode=jit",
-            "-Cprefer-dynamic",
-            "example/mini_core_hello_world.rs",
-            "--cfg",
-            "jit",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-        jit_cmd.env("CG_CLIF_JIT_ARGS", "abc bcd");
-        spawn_and_wait(jit_cmd);
-
-        eprintln!("[JIT-lazy] mini_core_hello_world");
-        let mut jit_cmd = runner.rustc_command([
-            "-Zunstable-options",
-            "-Cllvm-args=mode=jit-lazy",
-            "-Cprefer-dynamic",
-            "example/mini_core_hello_world.rs",
-            "--cfg",
-            "jit",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-        jit_cmd.env("CG_CLIF_JIT_ARGS", "abc bcd");
-        spawn_and_wait(jit_cmd);
-    }),
-    TestCase::new("aot.mini_core_hello_world", &|runner| {
-        runner.run_rustc([
-            "example/mini_core_hello_world.rs",
-            "--crate-name",
-            "mini_core_hello_world",
-            "--crate-type",
-            "bin",
-            "-g",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-        runner.run_out_command("mini_core_hello_world", ["abc", "bcd"]);
-    }),
+    TestCase::build_lib("build.mini_core", "example/mini_core.rs", "lib,dylib"),
+    TestCase::build_lib("build.example", "example/example.rs", "lib"),
+    TestCase::jit_bin("jit.mini_core_hello_world", "example/mini_core_hello_world.rs", "abc bcd"),
+    TestCase::build_bin_and_run(
+        "aot.mini_core_hello_world",
+        "example/mini_core_hello_world.rs",
+        &["abc", "bcd"],
+    ),
 ];
 
 const BASE_SYSROOT_SUITE: &[TestCase] = &[
-    TestCase::new("aot.arbitrary_self_types_pointers_and_wrappers", &|runner| {
-        runner.run_rustc([
-            "example/arbitrary_self_types_pointers_and_wrappers.rs",
-            "--crate-name",
-            "arbitrary_self_types_pointers_and_wrappers",
-            "--crate-type",
-            "bin",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-        runner.run_out_command("arbitrary_self_types_pointers_and_wrappers", []);
-    }),
-    TestCase::new("aot.issue_91827_extern_types", &|runner| {
-        runner.run_rustc([
-            "example/issue-91827-extern-types.rs",
-            "--crate-name",
-            "issue_91827_extern_types",
-            "--crate-type",
-            "bin",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-        runner.run_out_command("issue_91827_extern_types", []);
-    }),
-    TestCase::new("build.alloc_system", &|runner| {
-        runner.run_rustc([
-            "example/alloc_system.rs",
-            "--crate-type",
-            "lib",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-    }),
-    TestCase::new("aot.alloc_example", &|runner| {
-        runner.run_rustc([
-            "example/alloc_example.rs",
-            "--crate-type",
-            "bin",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-        runner.run_out_command("alloc_example", []);
-    }),
-    TestCase::new("jit.std_example", &|runner| {
-        runner.run_rustc([
-            "-Zunstable-options",
-            "-Cllvm-args=mode=jit",
-            "-Cprefer-dynamic",
-            "example/std_example.rs",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-
-        eprintln!("[JIT-lazy] std_example");
-        runner.run_rustc([
-            "-Zunstable-options",
-            "-Cllvm-args=mode=jit-lazy",
-            "-Cprefer-dynamic",
-            "example/std_example.rs",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-    }),
-    TestCase::new("aot.std_example", &|runner| {
-        runner.run_rustc([
-            "example/std_example.rs",
-            "--crate-type",
-            "bin",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-        runner.run_out_command("std_example", ["arg"]);
-    }),
-    TestCase::new("aot.dst_field_align", &|runner| {
-        runner.run_rustc([
-            "example/dst-field-align.rs",
-            "--crate-name",
-            "dst_field_align",
-            "--crate-type",
-            "bin",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-        runner.run_out_command("dst_field_align", []);
-    }),
-    TestCase::new("aot.subslice-patterns-const-eval", &|runner| {
-        runner.run_rustc([
-            "example/subslice-patterns-const-eval.rs",
-            "--crate-type",
-            "bin",
-            "-Cpanic=abort",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-        runner.run_out_command("subslice-patterns-const-eval", []);
-    }),
-    TestCase::new("aot.track-caller-attribute", &|runner| {
-        runner.run_rustc([
-            "example/track-caller-attribute.rs",
-            "--crate-type",
-            "bin",
-            "-Cpanic=abort",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-        runner.run_out_command("track-caller-attribute", []);
-    }),
-    TestCase::new("aot.float-minmax-pass", &|runner| {
-        runner.run_rustc([
-            "example/float-minmax-pass.rs",
-            "--crate-type",
-            "bin",
-            "-Cpanic=abort",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-        runner.run_out_command("float-minmax-pass", []);
-    }),
-    TestCase::new("aot.mod_bench", &|runner| {
-        runner.run_rustc([
-            "example/mod_bench.rs",
-            "--crate-type",
-            "bin",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-        runner.run_out_command("mod_bench", []);
-    }),
-    TestCase::new("aot.issue-72793", &|runner| {
-        runner.run_rustc([
-            "example/issue-72793.rs",
-            "--crate-type",
-            "bin",
-            "--target",
-            &runner.target_compiler.triple,
-        ]);
-        runner.run_out_command("issue-72793", []);
-    }),
+    TestCase::build_bin_and_run(
+        "aot.arbitrary_self_types_pointers_and_wrappers",
+        "example/arbitrary_self_types_pointers_and_wrappers.rs",
+        &[],
+    ),
+    TestCase::build_bin_and_run(
+        "aot.issue_91827_extern_types",
+        "example/issue-91827-extern-types.rs",
+        &[],
+    ),
+    TestCase::build_lib("build.alloc_system", "example/alloc_system.rs", "lib"),
+    TestCase::build_bin_and_run("aot.alloc_example", "example/alloc_example.rs", &[]),
+    TestCase::jit_bin("jit.std_example", "example/std_example.rs", ""),
+    TestCase::build_bin_and_run("aot.std_example", "example/std_example.rs", &["arg"]),
+    TestCase::build_bin_and_run("aot.dst_field_align", "example/dst-field-align.rs", &[]),
+    TestCase::build_bin_and_run(
+        "aot.subslice-patterns-const-eval",
+        "example/subslice-patterns-const-eval.rs",
+        &[],
+    ),
+    TestCase::build_bin_and_run(
+        "aot.track-caller-attribute",
+        "example/track-caller-attribute.rs",
+        &[],
+    ),
+    TestCase::build_bin_and_run("aot.float-minmax-pass", "example/float-minmax-pass.rs", &[]),
+    TestCase::build_bin_and_run("aot.mod_bench", "example/mod_bench.rs", &[]),
+    TestCase::build_bin_and_run("aot.issue-72793", "example/issue-72793.rs", &[]),
 ];
 
 pub(crate) static RAND_REPO: GitRepo =
     GitRepo::github("rust-random", "rand", "0f933f9c7176e53b2a3c7952ded484e1783f0bf1", "rand");
 
-static RAND: CargoProject = CargoProject::new(&RAND_REPO.source_dir(), "rand");
+pub(crate) static RAND: CargoProject = CargoProject::new(&RAND_REPO.source_dir(), "rand");
 
 pub(crate) static REGEX_REPO: GitRepo =
     GitRepo::github("rust-lang", "regex", "341f207c1071f7290e3f228c710817c280c8dca1", "regex");
 
-static REGEX: CargoProject = CargoProject::new(&REGEX_REPO.source_dir(), "regex");
+pub(crate) static REGEX: CargoProject = CargoProject::new(&REGEX_REPO.source_dir(), "regex");
 
 pub(crate) static PORTABLE_SIMD_REPO: GitRepo = GitRepo::github(
     "rust-lang",
     "portable-simd",
-    "d5cd4a8112d958bd3a252327e0d069a6363249bd",
+    "582239ac3b32007613df04d7ffa78dc30f4c5645",
     "portable-simd",
 );
 
-static PORTABLE_SIMD: CargoProject =
+pub(crate) static PORTABLE_SIMD: CargoProject =
     CargoProject::new(&PORTABLE_SIMD_REPO.source_dir(), "portable_simd");
 
-pub(crate) static SIMPLE_RAYTRACER_REPO: GitRepo = GitRepo::github(
-    "ebobby",
-    "simple-raytracer",
-    "804a7a21b9e673a482797aa289a18ed480e4d813",
-    "<none>",
-);
-
-pub(crate) static SIMPLE_RAYTRACER: CargoProject =
-    CargoProject::new(&SIMPLE_RAYTRACER_REPO.source_dir(), "simple_raytracer");
-
-static LIBCORE_TESTS: CargoProject =
-    CargoProject::new(&RelPath::BUILD_SYSROOT.join("sysroot_src/library/core/tests"), "core_tests");
+pub(crate) static LIBCORE_TESTS: CargoProject =
+    CargoProject::new(&SYSROOT_SRC.join("library/core/tests"), "core_tests");
 
 const EXTENDED_SYSROOT_SUITE: &[TestCase] = &[
-    TestCase::new("test.rust-random/rand", &|runner| {
-        spawn_and_wait(RAND.clean(&runner.target_compiler.cargo, &runner.dirs));
+    TestCase::custom("test.rust-random/rand", &|runner| {
+        RAND.clean(&runner.dirs);
 
         if runner.is_native {
             eprintln!("[TEST] rust-random/rand");
@@ -280,60 +134,12 @@ const EXTENDED_SYSROOT_SUITE: &[TestCase] = &[
             spawn_and_wait(build_cmd);
         }
     }),
-    TestCase::new("bench.simple-raytracer", &|runner| {
-        let run_runs = env::var("RUN_RUNS").unwrap_or("10".to_string()).parse().unwrap();
-
-        if runner.is_native {
-            eprintln!("[BENCH COMPILE] ebobby/simple-raytracer");
-            let cargo_clif = RelPath::DIST
-                .to_path(&runner.dirs)
-                .join(get_wrapper_file_name("cargo-clif", "bin"));
-            let manifest_path = SIMPLE_RAYTRACER.manifest_path(&runner.dirs);
-            let target_dir = SIMPLE_RAYTRACER.target_dir(&runner.dirs);
-
-            let clean_cmd = format!(
-                "cargo clean --manifest-path {manifest_path} --target-dir {target_dir}",
-                manifest_path = manifest_path.display(),
-                target_dir = target_dir.display(),
-            );
-            let llvm_build_cmd = format!(
-                "cargo build --manifest-path {manifest_path} --target-dir {target_dir}",
-                manifest_path = manifest_path.display(),
-                target_dir = target_dir.display(),
-            );
-            let clif_build_cmd = format!(
-                "{cargo_clif} build --manifest-path {manifest_path} --target-dir {target_dir}",
-                cargo_clif = cargo_clif.display(),
-                manifest_path = manifest_path.display(),
-                target_dir = target_dir.display(),
-            );
-
-            let bench_compile =
-                hyperfine_command(1, run_runs, Some(&clean_cmd), &llvm_build_cmd, &clif_build_cmd);
-
-            spawn_and_wait(bench_compile);
-
-            eprintln!("[BENCH RUN] ebobby/simple-raytracer");
-            fs::copy(
-                target_dir.join("debug").join("main"),
-                RelPath::BUILD.to_path(&runner.dirs).join("raytracer_cg_clif"),
-            )
-            .unwrap();
-
-            let mut bench_run =
-                hyperfine_command(0, run_runs, None, "./raytracer_cg_llvm", "./raytracer_cg_clif");
-            bench_run.current_dir(RelPath::BUILD.to_path(&runner.dirs));
-            spawn_and_wait(bench_run);
-        } else {
-            spawn_and_wait(SIMPLE_RAYTRACER.clean(&runner.target_compiler.cargo, &runner.dirs));
-            eprintln!("[BENCH COMPILE] ebobby/simple-raytracer (skipped)");
-            eprintln!("[COMPILE] ebobby/simple-raytracer");
-            spawn_and_wait(SIMPLE_RAYTRACER.build(&runner.target_compiler, &runner.dirs));
-            eprintln!("[BENCH RUN] ebobby/simple-raytracer (skipped)");
-        }
+    TestCase::custom("test.simple-raytracer", &|runner| {
+        SIMPLE_RAYTRACER.clean(&runner.dirs);
+        spawn_and_wait(SIMPLE_RAYTRACER.build(&runner.target_compiler, &runner.dirs));
     }),
-    TestCase::new("test.libcore", &|runner| {
-        spawn_and_wait(LIBCORE_TESTS.clean(&runner.host_compiler.cargo, &runner.dirs));
+    TestCase::custom("test.libcore", &|runner| {
+        LIBCORE_TESTS.clean(&runner.dirs);
 
         if runner.is_native {
             spawn_and_wait(LIBCORE_TESTS.test(&runner.target_compiler, &runner.dirs));
@@ -344,8 +150,8 @@ const EXTENDED_SYSROOT_SUITE: &[TestCase] = &[
             spawn_and_wait(build_cmd);
         }
     }),
-    TestCase::new("test.regex-shootout-regex-dna", &|runner| {
-        spawn_and_wait(REGEX.clean(&runner.target_compiler.cargo, &runner.dirs));
+    TestCase::custom("test.regex-shootout-regex-dna", &|runner| {
+        REGEX.clean(&runner.dirs);
 
         // newer aho_corasick versions throw a deprecation warning
         let lint_rust_flags = format!("{} --cap-lints warn", runner.target_compiler.rustflags);
@@ -364,9 +170,10 @@ const EXTENDED_SYSROOT_SUITE: &[TestCase] = &[
                 REGEX.source_dir(&runner.dirs).join("examples").join("regexdna-input.txt"),
             )
             .unwrap();
-            let expected_path =
-                REGEX.source_dir(&runner.dirs).join("examples").join("regexdna-output.txt");
-            let expected = fs::read_to_string(&expected_path).unwrap();
+            let expected = fs::read_to_string(
+                REGEX.source_dir(&runner.dirs).join("examples").join("regexdna-output.txt"),
+            )
+            .unwrap();
 
             let output = spawn_and_wait_with_input(run_cmd, input);
             // Make sure `[codegen mono items] start` doesn't poison the diff
@@ -379,27 +186,16 @@ const EXTENDED_SYSROOT_SUITE: &[TestCase] = &[
 
             let output_matches = expected.lines().eq(output.lines());
             if !output_matches {
-                let res_path = REGEX.source_dir(&runner.dirs).join("res.txt");
-                fs::write(&res_path, &output).unwrap();
-
-                if cfg!(windows) {
-                    println!("Output files don't match!");
-                    println!("Expected Output:\n{}", expected);
-                    println!("Actual Output:\n{}", output);
-                } else {
-                    let mut diff = Command::new("diff");
-                    diff.arg("-u");
-                    diff.arg(res_path);
-                    diff.arg(expected_path);
-                    spawn_and_wait(diff);
-                }
+                println!("Output files don't match!");
+                println!("Expected Output:\n{}", expected);
+                println!("Actual Output:\n{}", output);
 
                 std::process::exit(1);
             }
         }
     }),
-    TestCase::new("test.regex", &|runner| {
-        spawn_and_wait(REGEX.clean(&runner.host_compiler.cargo, &runner.dirs));
+    TestCase::custom("test.regex", &|runner| {
+        REGEX.clean(&runner.dirs);
 
         // newer aho_corasick versions throw a deprecation warning
         let lint_rust_flags = format!("{} --cap-lints warn", runner.target_compiler.rustflags);
@@ -425,8 +221,8 @@ const EXTENDED_SYSROOT_SUITE: &[TestCase] = &[
             spawn_and_wait(build_cmd);
         }
     }),
-    TestCase::new("test.portable-simd", &|runner| {
-        spawn_and_wait(PORTABLE_SIMD.clean(&runner.host_compiler.cargo, &runner.dirs));
+    TestCase::custom("test.portable-simd", &|runner| {
+        PORTABLE_SIMD.clean(&runner.dirs);
 
         let mut build_cmd = PORTABLE_SIMD.build(&runner.target_compiler, &runner.dirs);
         build_cmd.arg("--all-targets");
@@ -445,21 +241,22 @@ pub(crate) fn run_tests(
     channel: &str,
     sysroot_kind: SysrootKind,
     cg_clif_dylib: &Path,
-    host_triple: &str,
-    target_triple: &str,
+    bootstrap_host_compiler: &Compiler,
+    target_triple: String,
 ) {
-    let runner = TestRunner::new(dirs.clone(), host_triple.to_string(), target_triple.to_string());
-
     if config::get_bool("testsuite.no_sysroot") {
-        build_sysroot::build_sysroot(
+        let target_compiler = build_sysroot::build_sysroot(
             dirs,
             channel,
             SysrootKind::None,
             cg_clif_dylib,
-            &host_triple,
-            &target_triple,
+            bootstrap_host_compiler,
+            target_triple.clone(),
         );
 
+        let runner =
+            TestRunner::new(dirs.clone(), target_compiler, get_host_triple() == target_triple);
+
         BUILD_EXAMPLE_OUT_DIR.ensure_fresh(dirs);
         runner.run_testsuite(NO_SYSROOT_SUITE);
     } else {
@@ -470,26 +267,29 @@ pub(crate) fn run_tests(
     let run_extended_sysroot = config::get_bool("testsuite.extended_sysroot");
 
     if run_base_sysroot || run_extended_sysroot {
-        build_sysroot::build_sysroot(
+        let target_compiler = build_sysroot::build_sysroot(
             dirs,
             channel,
             sysroot_kind,
             cg_clif_dylib,
-            &host_triple,
-            &target_triple,
+            bootstrap_host_compiler,
+            target_triple.clone(),
         );
-    }
 
-    if run_base_sysroot {
-        runner.run_testsuite(BASE_SYSROOT_SUITE);
-    } else {
-        eprintln!("[SKIP] base_sysroot tests");
-    }
+        let runner =
+            TestRunner::new(dirs.clone(), target_compiler, get_host_triple() == target_triple);
 
-    if run_extended_sysroot {
-        runner.run_testsuite(EXTENDED_SYSROOT_SUITE);
-    } else {
-        eprintln!("[SKIP] extended_sysroot tests");
+        if run_base_sysroot {
+            runner.run_testsuite(BASE_SYSROOT_SUITE);
+        } else {
+            eprintln!("[SKIP] base_sysroot tests");
+        }
+
+        if run_extended_sysroot {
+            runner.run_testsuite(EXTENDED_SYSROOT_SUITE);
+        } else {
+            eprintln!("[SKIP] extended_sysroot tests");
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -497,84 +297,34 @@ struct TestRunner {
     is_native: bool,
     jit_supported: bool,
     dirs: Dirs,
-    host_compiler: Compiler,
     target_compiler: Compiler,
 }
 
 impl TestRunner {
-    pub fn new(dirs: Dirs, host_triple: String, target_triple: String) -> Self {
-        let is_native = host_triple == target_triple;
-        let jit_supported =
-            target_triple.contains("x86_64") && is_native && !host_triple.contains("windows");
-
-        let rustc_clif =
-            RelPath::DIST.to_path(&dirs).join(get_wrapper_file_name("rustc-clif", "bin"));
-        let rustdoc_clif =
-            RelPath::DIST.to_path(&dirs).join(get_wrapper_file_name("rustdoc-clif", "bin"));
-
-        let mut rustflags = env::var("RUSTFLAGS").ok().unwrap_or("".to_string());
-        let mut runner = vec![];
-
-        if !is_native {
-            match target_triple.as_str() {
-                "aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu" => {
-                    // We are cross-compiling for aarch64. Use the correct linker and run tests in qemu.
-                    rustflags = format!("-Clinker=aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc{}", rustflags);
-                    runner = vec![
-                        "qemu-aarch64".to_owned(),
-                        "-L".to_owned(),
-                        "/usr/aarch64-linux-gnu".to_owned(),
-                    ];
-                }
-                "s390x-unknown-linux-gnu" => {
-                    // We are cross-compiling for s390x. Use the correct linker and run tests in qemu.
-                    rustflags = format!("-Clinker=s390x-linux-gnu-gcc{}", rustflags);
-                    runner = vec![
-                        "qemu-s390x".to_owned(),
-                        "-L".to_owned(),
-                        "/usr/s390x-linux-gnu".to_owned(),
-                    ];
-                }
-                "x86_64-pc-windows-gnu" => {
-                    // We are cross-compiling for Windows. Run tests in wine.
-                    runner = vec!["wine".to_owned()];
-                }
-                _ => {
-                    println!("Unknown non-native platform");
-                }
-            }
+    pub fn new(dirs: Dirs, mut target_compiler: Compiler, is_native: bool) -> Self {
+        if let Ok(rustflags) = env::var("RUSTFLAGS") {
+            target_compiler.rustflags.push(' ');
+            target_compiler.rustflags.push_str(&rustflags);
+        }
+        if let Ok(rustdocflags) = env::var("RUSTDOCFLAGS") {
+            target_compiler.rustdocflags.push(' ');
+            target_compiler.rustdocflags.push_str(&rustdocflags);
         }
 
         // FIXME fix `#[linkage = "extern_weak"]` without this
-        if target_triple.contains("darwin") {
-            rustflags = format!("{} -Clink-arg=-undefined -Clink-arg=dynamic_lookup", rustflags);
+        if target_compiler.triple.contains("darwin") {
+            target_compiler.rustflags.push_str(" -Clink-arg=-undefined -Clink-arg=dynamic_lookup");
         }
 
-        let host_compiler = Compiler {
-            cargo: get_cargo_path(),
-            rustc: rustc_clif.clone(),
-            rustdoc: rustdoc_clif.clone(),
-            rustflags: String::new(),
-            rustdocflags: String::new(),
-            triple: host_triple,
-            runner: vec![],
-        };
-
-        let target_compiler = Compiler {
-            cargo: get_cargo_path(),
-            rustc: rustc_clif,
-            rustdoc: rustdoc_clif,
-            rustflags: rustflags.clone(),
-            rustdocflags: rustflags,
-            triple: target_triple,
-            runner,
-        };
-
-        Self { is_native, jit_supported, dirs, host_compiler, target_compiler }
+        let jit_supported = is_native
+            && target_compiler.triple.contains("x86_64")
+            && !target_compiler.triple.contains("windows");
+
+        Self { is_native, jit_supported, dirs, target_compiler }
     }
 
     pub fn run_testsuite(&self, tests: &[TestCase]) {
-        for &TestCase { config, func } in tests {
+        for TestCase { config, cmd } in tests {
             let (tag, testname) = config.split_once('.').unwrap();
             let tag = tag.to_uppercase();
             let is_jit_test = tag == "JIT";
@@ -586,7 +336,47 @@ impl TestRunner {
                 eprintln!("[{tag}] {testname}");
             }
 
-            func(self);
+            match *cmd {
+                TestCaseCmd::Custom { func } => func(self),
+                TestCaseCmd::BuildLib { source, crate_types } => {
+                    self.run_rustc([source, "--crate-type", crate_types]);
+                }
+                TestCaseCmd::BuildBinAndRun { source, args } => {
+                    self.run_rustc([source]);
+                    self.run_out_command(
+                        source.split('/').last().unwrap().split('.').next().unwrap(),
+                        args,
+                    );
+                }
+                TestCaseCmd::JitBin { source, args } => {
+                    let mut jit_cmd = self.rustc_command([
+                        "-Zunstable-options",
+                        "-Cllvm-args=mode=jit",
+                        "-Cprefer-dynamic",
+                        source,
+                        "--cfg",
+                        "jit",
+                    ]);
+                    if !args.is_empty() {
+                        jit_cmd.env("CG_CLIF_JIT_ARGS", args);
+                    }
+                    spawn_and_wait(jit_cmd);
+
+                    eprintln!("[JIT-lazy] {testname}");
+                    let mut jit_cmd = self.rustc_command([
+                        "-Zunstable-options",
+                        "-Cllvm-args=mode=jit-lazy",
+                        "-Cprefer-dynamic",
+                        source,
+                        "--cfg",
+                        "jit",
+                    ]);
+                    if !args.is_empty() {
+                        jit_cmd.env("CG_CLIF_JIT_ARGS", args);
+                    }
+                    spawn_and_wait(jit_cmd);
+                }
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -603,6 +393,9 @@ impl TestRunner {
         cmd.arg("--out-dir");
         cmd.arg(format!("{}", BUILD_EXAMPLE_OUT_DIR.to_path(&self.dirs).display()));
         cmd.arg("-Cdebuginfo=2");
+        cmd.arg("--target");
+        cmd.arg(&self.target_compiler.triple);
+        cmd.arg("-Cpanic=abort");
         cmd.args(args);
         cmd
     }
@@ -615,10 +408,7 @@ impl TestRunner {
         spawn_and_wait(self.rustc_command(args));
     }
 
-    fn run_out_command<'a, I>(&self, name: &str, args: I)
-    where
-        I: IntoIterator<Item = &'a str>,
-    {
+    fn run_out_command<'a>(&self, name: &str, args: &[&str]) {
         let mut full_cmd = vec![];
 
         // Prepend the RUN_WRAPPER's
@@ -630,7 +420,7 @@ impl TestRunner {
             BUILD_EXAMPLE_OUT_DIR.to_path(&self.dirs).join(name).to_str().unwrap().to_string(),
         );
 
-        for arg in args.into_iter() {
+        for arg in args {
             full_cmd.push(arg.to_string());
         }
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/usage.txt b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/usage.txt
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ab98ccc35a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/usage.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+The build system of cg_clif.
+
+USAGE:
+    ./y.rs prepare [--out-dir DIR]
+    ./y.rs build [--debug] [--sysroot none|clif|llvm] [--out-dir DIR] [--no-unstable-features]
+    ./y.rs test [--debug] [--sysroot none|clif|llvm] [--out-dir DIR] [--no-unstable-features]
+    ./y.rs abi-cafe [--debug] [--sysroot none|clif|llvm] [--out-dir DIR] [--no-unstable-features]
+    ./y.rs bench [--debug] [--sysroot none|clif|llvm] [--out-dir DIR] [--no-unstable-features]
+
+OPTIONS:
+    --debug
+            Build cg_clif and the standard library in debug mode rather than release mode.
+            Warning: An unoptimized cg_clif is very slow.
+
+    --sysroot none|clif|llvm
+            Which sysroot libraries to use:
+            `none` will not include any standard library in the sysroot.
+            `clif` will build the standard library using Cranelift.
+            `llvm` will use the pre-compiled standard library of rustc which is compiled with LLVM.
+
+    --out-dir DIR
+            Specify the directory in which the download, build and dist directories are stored.
+            By default this is the working directory.
+
+    --no-unstable-features
+            Some features are not yet ready for production usage. This option will disable these
+            features. This includes the JIT mode and inline assembly support.
+
+REQUIREMENTS:
+    * Rustup: The build system has a hard coded dependency on rustup to install the right nightly
+      version and make sure it is used where necessary.
+    * Git: `./y.rs prepare` uses git for applying patches and on Windows for downloading test repos.
+    * Curl and tar (non-Windows only): Used by `./y.rs prepare` to download a single commit for
+      repos. Git will be used to clone the whole repo when using Windows.
+    * [Hyperfine](https://github.com/sharkdp/hyperfine/): Used for benchmarking with `./y.rs bench`.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/utils.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/utils.rs
index 2be70e8e421..da2a94a0a4f 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/utils.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_cranelift/build_system/utils.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 use std::env;
 use std::fs;
-use std::io::Write;
+use std::io::{self, Write};
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::process::{self, Command, Stdio};
 
 use super::path::{Dirs, RelPath};
-use super::rustc_info::{get_cargo_path, get_host_triple, get_rustc_path, get_rustdoc_path};
+use super::rustc_info::{get_cargo_path, get_rustc_path, get_rustdoc_path};
 
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub(crate) struct Compiler {
     pub(crate) cargo: PathBuf,
     pub(crate) rustc: PathBuf,
@@ -18,27 +19,47 @@ pub(crate) struct Compiler {
 }
 
 impl Compiler {
-    pub(crate) fn host() -> Compiler {
+    pub(crate) fn bootstrap_with_triple(triple: String) -> Compiler {
         Compiler {
             cargo: get_cargo_path(),
             rustc: get_rustc_path(),
             rustdoc: get_rustdoc_path(),
             rustflags: String::new(),
             rustdocflags: String::new(),
-            triple: get_host_triple(),
+            triple,
             runner: vec![],
         }
     }
 
-    pub(crate) fn with_triple(triple: String) -> Compiler {
-        Compiler {
-            cargo: get_cargo_path(),
-            rustc: get_rustc_path(),
-            rustdoc: get_rustdoc_path(),
-            rustflags: String::new(),
-            rustdocflags: String::new(),
-            triple,
-            runner: vec![],
+    pub(crate) fn set_cross_linker_and_runner(&mut self) {
+        match self.triple.as_str() {
+            "aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu" => {
+                // We are cross-compiling for aarch64. Use the correct linker and run tests in qemu.
+                self.rustflags += " -Clinker=aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc";
+                self.rustdocflags += " -Clinker=aarch64-linux-gnu-gcc";
+                self.runner = vec![
+                    "qemu-aarch64".to_owned(),
+                    "-L".to_owned(),
+                    "/usr/aarch64-linux-gnu".to_owned(),
+                ];
+            }
+            "s390x-unknown-linux-gnu" => {
+                // We are cross-compiling for s390x. Use the correct linker and run tests in qemu.
+                self.rustflags += " -Clinker=s390x-linux-gnu-gcc";
+                self.rustdocflags += " -Clinker=s390x-linux-gnu-gcc";
+                self.runner = vec![
+                    "qemu-s390x".to_owned(),
+                    "-L".to_owned(),
+                    "/usr/s390x-linux-gnu".to_owned(),
+                ];
+            }
+            "x86_64-pc-windows-gnu" => {
+                // We are cross-compiling for Windows. Run tests in wine.
+                self.runner = vec!["wine".to_owned()];
+            }
+            _ => {
+                println!("Unknown non-native platform");
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -65,6 +86,7 @@ impl CargoProject {
         RelPath::BUILD.join(self.target).to_path(dirs)
     }
 
+    #[must_use]
     fn base_cmd(&self, command: &str, cargo: &Path, dirs: &Dirs) -> Command {
         let mut cmd = Command::new(cargo);
 
@@ -72,11 +94,13 @@ impl CargoProject {
             .arg("--manifest-path")
             .arg(self.manifest_path(dirs))
             .arg("--target-dir")
-            .arg(self.target_dir(dirs));
+            .arg(self.target_dir(dirs))
+            .arg("--frozen");
 
         cmd
     }
 
+    #[must_use]
     fn build_cmd(&self, command: &str, compiler: &Compiler, dirs: &Dirs) -> Command {
         let mut cmd = self.base_cmd(command, &compiler.cargo, dirs);
 
@@ -105,9 +129,8 @@ impl CargoProject {
         cmd
     }
 
-    #[must_use]
-    pub(crate) fn clean(&self, cargo: &Path, dirs: &Dirs) -> Command {
-        self.base_cmd("clean", cargo, dirs)
+    pub(crate) fn clean(&self, dirs: &Dirs) {
+        let _ = fs::remove_dir_all(self.target_dir(dirs));
     }
 
     #[must_use]
@@ -153,6 +176,23 @@ pub(crate) fn hyperfine_command(
     bench
 }
 
+#[must_use]
+pub(crate) fn git_command<'a>(repo_dir: impl Into<Option<&'a Path>>, cmd: &str) -> Command {
+    let mut git_cmd = Command::new("git");
+    git_cmd
+        .arg("-c")
+        .arg("user.name=Dummy")
+        .arg("-c")
+        .arg("user.email=dummy@example.com")
+        .arg("-c")
+        .arg("core.autocrlf=false")
+        .arg(cmd);
+    if let Some(repo_dir) = repo_dir.into() {
+        git_cmd.current_dir(repo_dir);
+    }
+    git_cmd
+}
+
 #[track_caller]
 pub(crate) fn try_hard_link(src: impl AsRef<Path>, dst: impl AsRef<Path>) {
     let src = src.as_ref();
@@ -169,6 +209,22 @@ pub(crate) fn spawn_and_wait(mut cmd: Command) {
     }
 }
 
+// Based on the retry function in rust's src/ci/shared.sh
+#[track_caller]
+pub(crate) fn retry_spawn_and_wait(tries: u64, mut cmd: Command) {
+    for i in 1..tries + 1 {
+        if i != 1 {
+            println!("Command failed. Attempt {i}/{tries}:");
+        }
+        if cmd.spawn().unwrap().wait().unwrap().success() {
+            return;
+        }
+        std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_secs(i * 5));
+    }
+    println!("The command has failed after {tries} attempts.");
+    process::exit(1);
+}
+
 #[track_caller]
 pub(crate) fn spawn_and_wait_with_input(mut cmd: Command, input: String) -> String {
     let mut child = cmd
@@ -190,6 +246,14 @@ pub(crate) fn spawn_and_wait_with_input(mut cmd: Command, input: String) -> Stri
     String::from_utf8(output.stdout).unwrap()
 }
 
+pub(crate) fn remove_dir_if_exists(path: &Path) {
+    match fs::remove_dir_all(&path) {
+        Ok(()) => {}
+        Err(err) if err.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound => {}
+        Err(err) => panic!("Failed to remove {path}: {err}", path = path.display()),
+    }
+}
+
 pub(crate) fn copy_dir_recursively(from: &Path, to: &Path) {
     for entry in fs::read_dir(from).unwrap() {
         let entry = entry.unwrap();