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-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/messages.ftl4
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/arena.rs1
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/error.rs14
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/middle/codegen_fn_attrs.rs4
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/middle/resolve_bound_vars.rs15
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/consts.rs22
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/mono.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/pretty.rs4
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/query/keys.rs4
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/query/mod.rs12
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/consts.rs47
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/consts/valtree.rs61
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs26
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/flags.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/layout.rs10
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/mod.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/pretty.rs52
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/structural_impls.rs18
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/vtable.rs17
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/walk.rs2
20 files changed, 193 insertions, 126 deletions
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/messages.ftl b/compiler/rustc_middle/messages.ftl
index f74cea23c24..ded1c580572 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/messages.ftl
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/messages.ftl
@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ middle_assert_shl_overflow =
 middle_assert_shr_overflow =
     attempt to shift right by `{$val}`, which would overflow
 
+middle_autodiff_unsafe_inner_const_ref = reading from a `Duplicated` const {$ty} is unsafe
+
 middle_bounds_check =
     index out of bounds: the length is {$len} but the index is {$index}
 
@@ -110,6 +112,8 @@ middle_type_length_limit = reached the type-length limit while instantiating `{$
 middle_unknown_layout =
     the type `{$ty}` has an unknown layout
 
+middle_unsupported_union = we don't support unions yet: '{$ty_name}'
+
 middle_values_too_big =
     values of the type `{$ty}` are too big for the target architecture
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/arena.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/arena.rs
index 750531b638e..eaccd8c360e 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/arena.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/arena.rs
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ macro_rules! arena_types {
             [] codegen_unit: rustc_middle::mir::mono::CodegenUnit<'tcx>,
             [decode] attribute: rustc_hir::Attribute,
             [] name_set: rustc_data_structures::unord::UnordSet<rustc_span::Symbol>,
+            [] autodiff_item: rustc_ast::expand::autodiff_attrs::AutoDiffItem,
             [] ordered_name_set: rustc_data_structures::fx::FxIndexSet<rustc_span::Symbol>,
             [] pats: rustc_middle::ty::PatternKind<'tcx>,
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/error.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/error.rs
index b0187a1848c..b30d3a950c6 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/error.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/error.rs
@@ -37,6 +37,20 @@ pub struct OpaqueHiddenTypeMismatch<'tcx> {
     pub sub: TypeMismatchReason,
 }
 
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(middle_unsupported_union)]
+pub struct UnsupportedUnion {
+    pub ty_name: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(middle_autodiff_unsafe_inner_const_ref)]
+pub struct AutodiffUnsafeInnerConstRef {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    pub ty: String,
+}
+
 #[derive(Subdiagnostic)]
 pub enum TypeMismatchReason {
     #[label(middle_conflict_types)]
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/middle/codegen_fn_attrs.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/middle/codegen_fn_attrs.rs
index cc980f6e62a..1784665bcae 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/middle/codegen_fn_attrs.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/middle/codegen_fn_attrs.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use rustc_abi::Align;
+use rustc_ast::expand::autodiff_attrs::AutoDiffAttrs;
 use rustc_attr_parsing::{InlineAttr, InstructionSetAttr, OptimizeAttr};
 use rustc_macros::{HashStable, TyDecodable, TyEncodable};
 use rustc_span::Symbol;
@@ -52,6 +53,8 @@ pub struct CodegenFnAttrs {
     /// The `#[patchable_function_entry(...)]` attribute. Indicates how many nops should be around
     /// the function entry.
     pub patchable_function_entry: Option<PatchableFunctionEntry>,
+    /// For the `#[autodiff]` macros.
+    pub autodiff_item: Option<AutoDiffAttrs>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, TyEncodable, TyDecodable, HashStable)]
@@ -160,6 +163,7 @@ impl CodegenFnAttrs {
             instruction_set: None,
             alignment: None,
             patchable_function_entry: None,
+            autodiff_item: None,
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/middle/resolve_bound_vars.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/middle/resolve_bound_vars.rs
index 111ac990bc7..51a079e8bc1 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/middle/resolve_bound_vars.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/middle/resolve_bound_vars.rs
@@ -45,15 +45,22 @@ pub enum ObjectLifetimeDefault {
     Param(DefId),
 }
 
-/// Maps the id of each lifetime reference to the lifetime decl
+/// Maps the id of each bound variable reference to the variable decl
 /// that it corresponds to.
-#[derive(HashStable, Debug)]
+#[derive(Debug, Default, HashStable)]
 pub struct ResolveBoundVars {
-    /// Maps from every use of a named (not anonymous) lifetime to a
-    /// `Region` describing how that region is bound
+    // Maps from every use of a named (not anonymous) bound var to a
+    // `ResolvedArg` describing how that variable is bound.
     pub defs: SortedMap<ItemLocalId, ResolvedArg>,
 
+    // Maps relevant hir items to the bound vars on them. These include:
+    // - function defs
+    // - function pointers
+    // - closures
+    // - trait refs
+    // - bound types (like `T` in `for<'a> T<'a>: Foo`)
     pub late_bound_vars: SortedMap<ItemLocalId, Vec<ty::BoundVariableKind>>,
 
+    // List captured variables for each opaque type.
     pub opaque_captured_lifetimes: LocalDefIdMap<Vec<(ResolvedArg, LocalDefId)>>,
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/consts.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/consts.rs
index 66d97fda433..923160cc0cc 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/consts.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/consts.rs
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Const<'tcx> {
                     // Dont use the outer ty as on invalid code we can wind up with them not being the same.
                     // this then results in allowing const eval to add `1_i64 + 1_usize` in cases where the mir
                     // was originally `({N: usize} + 1_usize)` under `generic_const_exprs`.
-                    ty::ConstKind::Value(ty, _) => ty,
+                    ty::ConstKind::Value(cv) => cv.ty,
                     _ => *ty,
                 }
             }
@@ -264,7 +264,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Const<'tcx> {
     pub fn is_required_const(&self) -> bool {
         match self {
             Const::Ty(_, c) => match c.kind() {
-                ty::ConstKind::Value(_, _) => false, // already a value, cannot error
+                ty::ConstKind::Value(_) => false, // already a value, cannot error
                 _ => true,
             },
             Const::Val(..) => false, // already a value, cannot error
@@ -276,11 +276,11 @@ impl<'tcx> Const<'tcx> {
     pub fn try_to_scalar(self) -> Option<Scalar> {
         match self {
             Const::Ty(_, c) => match c.kind() {
-                ty::ConstKind::Value(ty, valtree) if ty.is_primitive() => {
+                ty::ConstKind::Value(cv) if cv.ty.is_primitive() => {
                     // A valtree of a type where leaves directly represent the scalar const value.
                     // Just checking whether it is a leaf is insufficient as e.g. references are leafs
                     // but the leaf value is the value they point to, not the reference itself!
-                    Some(valtree.unwrap_leaf().into())
+                    Some(cv.valtree.unwrap_leaf().into())
                 }
                 _ => None,
             },
@@ -295,9 +295,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Const<'tcx> {
         match self {
             Const::Val(ConstValue::Scalar(Scalar::Int(x)), _) => Some(x),
             Const::Ty(_, c) => match c.kind() {
-                ty::ConstKind::Value(ty, valtree) if ty.is_primitive() => {
-                    Some(valtree.unwrap_leaf())
-                }
+                ty::ConstKind::Value(cv) if cv.ty.is_primitive() => Some(cv.valtree.unwrap_leaf()),
                 _ => None,
             },
             _ => None,
@@ -328,7 +326,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Const<'tcx> {
                 }
 
                 match c.kind() {
-                    ConstKind::Value(ty, val) => Ok(tcx.valtree_to_const_val((ty, val))),
+                    ConstKind::Value(cv) => Ok(tcx.valtree_to_const_val(cv)),
                     ConstKind::Expr(_) => {
                         bug!("Normalization of `ty::ConstKind::Expr` is unimplemented")
                     }
@@ -353,13 +351,13 @@ impl<'tcx> Const<'tcx> {
         typing_env: ty::TypingEnv<'tcx>,
     ) -> Option<Scalar> {
         if let Const::Ty(_, c) = self
-            && let ty::ConstKind::Value(ty, val) = c.kind()
-            && ty.is_primitive()
+            && let ty::ConstKind::Value(cv) = c.kind()
+            && cv.ty.is_primitive()
         {
             // Avoid the `valtree_to_const_val` query. Can only be done on primitive types that
             // are valtree leaves, and *not* on references. (References should return the
             // pointer here, which valtrees don't represent.)
-            Some(val.unwrap_leaf().into())
+            Some(cv.valtree.unwrap_leaf().into())
         } else {
             self.eval(tcx, typing_env, DUMMY_SP).ok()?.try_to_scalar()
         }
@@ -473,7 +471,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Const<'tcx> {
                 // A valtree may be a reference. Valtree references correspond to a
                 // different allocation each time they are evaluated. Valtrees for primitive
                 // types are fine though.
-                ty::ConstKind::Value(ty, _) => ty.is_primitive(),
+                ty::ConstKind::Value(cv) => cv.ty.is_primitive(),
                 ty::ConstKind::Unevaluated(..) | ty::ConstKind::Expr(..) => false,
                 // This can happen if evaluation of a constant failed. The result does not matter
                 // much since compilation is doomed.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/mono.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/mono.rs
index 6fa3fa2432d..e49fc376a13 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/mono.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/mono.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use std::fmt;
 use std::hash::Hash;
 
+use rustc_ast::expand::autodiff_attrs::AutoDiffItem;
 use rustc_attr_parsing::InlineAttr;
 use rustc_data_structures::base_n::{BaseNString, CASE_INSENSITIVE, ToBaseN};
 use rustc_data_structures::fingerprint::Fingerprint;
@@ -246,6 +247,7 @@ impl ToStableHashKey<StableHashingContext<'_>> for MonoItem<'_> {
 pub struct MonoItemPartitions<'tcx> {
     pub codegen_units: &'tcx [CodegenUnit<'tcx>],
     pub all_mono_items: &'tcx DefIdSet,
+    pub autodiff_items: &'tcx [AutoDiffItem],
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, HashStable)]
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/pretty.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/pretty.rs
index 3b4fba97e60..a318bacb866 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/pretty.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/pretty.rs
@@ -1441,7 +1441,9 @@ impl<'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for ExtraComments<'tcx> {
                     ty::ConstKind::Unevaluated(uv) => {
                         format!("ty::Unevaluated({}, {:?})", self.tcx.def_path_str(uv.def), uv.args,)
                     }
-                    ty::ConstKind::Value(_, val) => format!("ty::Valtree({})", fmt_valtree(&val)),
+                    ty::ConstKind::Value(cv) => {
+                        format!("ty::Valtree({})", fmt_valtree(&cv.valtree))
+                    }
                     // No `ty::` prefix since we also use this to represent errors from `mir::Unevaluated`.
                     ty::ConstKind::Error(_) => "Error".to_string(),
                     // These variants shouldn't exist in the MIR.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/query/keys.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/query/keys.rs
index e243425c0b7..949d8303385 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/query/keys.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/query/keys.rs
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Key for mir::interpret::GlobalId<'tcx> {
     }
 }
 
-impl<'tcx> Key for (Ty<'tcx>, Option<ty::PolyExistentialTraitRef<'tcx>>) {
+impl<'tcx> Key for (Ty<'tcx>, Option<ty::ExistentialTraitRef<'tcx>>) {
     type Cache<V> = DefaultCache<Self, V>;
 
     fn default_span(&self, _: TyCtxt<'_>) -> Span {
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Key for (ty::Instance<'tcx>, &'tcx ty::List<Ty<'tcx>>) {
     }
 }
 
-impl<'tcx> Key for (Ty<'tcx>, ty::ValTree<'tcx>) {
+impl<'tcx> Key for ty::Value<'tcx> {
     type Cache<V> = DefaultCache<Self, V>;
 
     fn default_span(&self, _: TyCtxt<'_>) -> Span {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/query/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/query/mod.rs
index d83bc19a6a2..41e9858030c 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/query/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/query/mod.rs
@@ -1256,9 +1256,9 @@ rustc_queries! {
         desc { "evaluating type-level constant" }
     }
 
-    /// Converts a type level constant value into `ConstValue`
-    query valtree_to_const_val(key: (Ty<'tcx>, ty::ValTree<'tcx>)) -> mir::ConstValue<'tcx> {
-        desc { "converting type-level constant value to mir constant value"}
+    /// Converts a type-level constant value into a MIR constant value.
+    query valtree_to_const_val(key: ty::Value<'tcx>) -> mir::ConstValue<'tcx> {
+        desc { "converting type-level constant value to MIR constant value"}
     }
 
     /// Destructures array, ADT or tuple constants into the constants
@@ -1437,9 +1437,9 @@ rustc_queries! {
         desc { |tcx| "finding all existential vtable entries for trait `{}`", tcx.def_path_str(key) }
     }
 
-    query vtable_entries(key: ty::PolyTraitRef<'tcx>)
+    query vtable_entries(key: ty::TraitRef<'tcx>)
                         -> &'tcx [ty::VtblEntry<'tcx>] {
-        desc { |tcx| "finding all vtable entries for trait `{}`", tcx.def_path_str(key.def_id()) }
+        desc { |tcx| "finding all vtable entries for trait `{}`", tcx.def_path_str(key.def_id) }
     }
 
     query first_method_vtable_slot(key: ty::TraitRef<'tcx>) -> usize {
@@ -1451,7 +1451,7 @@ rustc_queries! {
             key.1, key.0 }
     }
 
-    query vtable_allocation(key: (Ty<'tcx>, Option<ty::PolyExistentialTraitRef<'tcx>>)) -> mir::interpret::AllocId {
+    query vtable_allocation(key: (Ty<'tcx>, Option<ty::ExistentialTraitRef<'tcx>>)) -> mir::interpret::AllocId {
         desc { |tcx| "vtable const allocation for <{} as {}>",
             key.0,
             key.1.map(|trait_ref| format!("{trait_ref}")).unwrap_or("_".to_owned())
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/consts.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/consts.rs
index 31055276422..d77fb1cc91e 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/consts.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/consts.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ use rustc_error_messages::MultiSpan;
 use rustc_macros::HashStable;
 use rustc_type_ir::{self as ir, TypeFlags, WithCachedTypeInfo};
 
-use crate::mir::interpret::Scalar;
 use crate::ty::{self, Ty, TyCtxt};
 
 mod int;
@@ -110,8 +109,8 @@ impl<'tcx> Const<'tcx> {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn new_value(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, val: ty::ValTree<'tcx>, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> Const<'tcx> {
-        Const::new(tcx, ty::ConstKind::Value(ty, val))
+    pub fn new_value(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, valtree: ty::ValTree<'tcx>, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> Const<'tcx> {
+        Const::new(tcx, ty::ConstKind::Value(ty::Value { ty, valtree }))
     }
 
     #[inline]
@@ -214,47 +213,31 @@ impl<'tcx> Const<'tcx> {
         Self::from_bits(tcx, n as u128, ty::TypingEnv::fully_monomorphized(), tcx.types.usize)
     }
 
-    /// Panics if self.kind != ty::ConstKind::Value
-    pub fn to_valtree(self) -> (ty::ValTree<'tcx>, Ty<'tcx>) {
+    /// Panics if `self.kind != ty::ConstKind::Value`.
+    pub fn to_value(self) -> ty::Value<'tcx> {
         match self.kind() {
-            ty::ConstKind::Value(ty, valtree) => (valtree, ty),
+            ty::ConstKind::Value(cv) => cv,
             _ => bug!("expected ConstKind::Value, got {:?}", self.kind()),
         }
     }
 
-    /// Attempts to convert to a `ValTree`
-    pub fn try_to_valtree(self) -> Option<(ty::ValTree<'tcx>, Ty<'tcx>)> {
+    /// Attempts to convert to a value.
+    ///
+    /// Note that this does not evaluate the constant.
+    pub fn try_to_value(self) -> Option<ty::Value<'tcx>> {
         match self.kind() {
-            ty::ConstKind::Value(ty, valtree) => Some((valtree, ty)),
+            ty::ConstKind::Value(cv) => Some(cv),
             _ => None,
         }
     }
 
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn try_to_scalar(self) -> Option<(Scalar, Ty<'tcx>)> {
-        let (valtree, ty) = self.try_to_valtree()?;
-        Some((valtree.try_to_scalar()?, ty))
-    }
-
-    pub fn try_to_bool(self) -> Option<bool> {
-        self.try_to_valtree()?.0.try_to_scalar_int()?.try_to_bool().ok()
-    }
-
+    /// Convenience method to extract the value of a usize constant,
+    /// useful to get the length of an array type.
+    ///
+    /// Note that this does not evaluate the constant.
     #[inline]
     pub fn try_to_target_usize(self, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>) -> Option<u64> {
-        self.try_to_valtree()?.0.try_to_target_usize(tcx)
-    }
-
-    /// Attempts to evaluate the given constant to bits. Can fail to evaluate in the presence of
-    /// generics (or erroneous code) or if the value can't be represented as bits (e.g. because it
-    /// contains const generic parameters or pointers).
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn try_to_bits(self, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, typing_env: ty::TypingEnv<'tcx>) -> Option<u128> {
-        let (scalar, ty) = self.try_to_scalar()?;
-        let scalar = scalar.try_to_scalar_int().ok()?;
-        let input = typing_env.with_post_analysis_normalized(tcx).as_query_input(ty);
-        let size = tcx.layout_of(input).ok()?.size;
-        Some(scalar.to_bits(size))
+        self.try_to_value()?.try_to_target_usize(tcx)
     }
 
     pub fn is_ct_infer(self) -> bool {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/consts/valtree.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/consts/valtree.rs
index 9f9bf41c335..d914b7576dc 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/consts/valtree.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/consts/valtree.rs
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
-use rustc_macros::{HashStable, TyDecodable, TyEncodable};
+use rustc_macros::{HashStable, TyDecodable, TyEncodable, TypeFoldable, TypeVisitable};
 
 use super::ScalarInt;
 use crate::mir::interpret::Scalar;
 use crate::ty::{self, Ty, TyCtxt};
 
-#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Hash, TyEncodable, TyDecodable, Eq, PartialEq)]
-#[derive(HashStable)]
 /// This datastructure is used to represent the value of constants used in the type system.
 ///
 /// We explicitly choose a different datastructure from the way values are processed within
@@ -18,6 +16,8 @@ use crate::ty::{self, Ty, TyCtxt};
 ///
 /// `ValTree` does not have this problem with representation, as it only contains integers or
 /// lists of (nested) `ValTree`.
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Hash, Eq, PartialEq)]
+#[derive(HashStable, TyEncodable, TyDecodable)]
 pub enum ValTree<'tcx> {
     /// integers, `bool`, `char` are represented as scalars.
     /// See the `ScalarInt` documentation for how `ScalarInt` guarantees that equal values
@@ -79,10 +79,6 @@ impl<'tcx> ValTree<'tcx> {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn try_to_target_usize(self, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>) -> Option<u64> {
-        self.try_to_scalar_int().map(|s| s.to_target_usize(tcx))
-    }
-
     /// Get the values inside the ValTree as a slice of bytes. This only works for
     /// constants with types &str, &[u8], or [u8; _].
     pub fn try_to_raw_bytes(self, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> Option<&'tcx [u8]> {
@@ -107,3 +103,54 @@ impl<'tcx> ValTree<'tcx> {
         )
     }
 }
+
+/// A type-level constant value.
+///
+/// Represents a typed, fully evaluated constant.
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Hash, Eq, PartialEq)]
+#[derive(HashStable, TyEncodable, TyDecodable, TypeFoldable, TypeVisitable)]
+pub struct Value<'tcx> {
+    pub ty: Ty<'tcx>,
+    pub valtree: ValTree<'tcx>,
+}
+
+impl<'tcx> Value<'tcx> {
+    /// Attempts to extract the raw bits from the constant.
+    ///
+    /// Fails if the value can't be represented as bits (e.g. because it is a reference
+    /// or an aggregate).
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn try_to_bits(self, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, typing_env: ty::TypingEnv<'tcx>) -> Option<u128> {
+        let (ty::Bool | ty::Char | ty::Uint(_) | ty::Int(_) | ty::Float(_)) = self.ty.kind() else {
+            return None;
+        };
+        let scalar = self.valtree.try_to_scalar_int()?;
+        let input = typing_env.with_post_analysis_normalized(tcx).as_query_input(self.ty);
+        let size = tcx.layout_of(input).ok()?.size;
+        Some(scalar.to_bits(size))
+    }
+
+    pub fn try_to_bool(self) -> Option<bool> {
+        if !self.ty.is_bool() {
+            return None;
+        }
+        self.valtree.try_to_scalar_int()?.try_to_bool().ok()
+    }
+
+    pub fn try_to_target_usize(self, tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>) -> Option<u64> {
+        if !self.ty.is_usize() {
+            return None;
+        }
+        self.valtree.try_to_scalar_int().map(|s| s.to_target_usize(tcx))
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'tcx> rustc_type_ir::inherent::ValueConst<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for Value<'tcx> {
+    fn ty(self) -> Ty<'tcx> {
+        self.ty
+    }
+
+    fn valtree(self) -> ValTree<'tcx> {
+        self.valtree
+    }
+}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs
index 0c22c056dab..69f6fc0ad8a 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs
@@ -142,10 +142,11 @@ impl<'tcx> Interner for TyCtxt<'tcx> {
 
     type ParamConst = ty::ParamConst;
     type BoundConst = ty::BoundVar;
-    type ValueConst = ty::ValTree<'tcx>;
+    type ValueConst = ty::Value<'tcx>;
     type ExprConst = ty::Expr<'tcx>;
-    type Region = Region<'tcx>;
+    type ValTree = ty::ValTree<'tcx>;
 
+    type Region = Region<'tcx>;
     type EarlyParamRegion = ty::EarlyParamRegion;
     type LateParamRegion = ty::LateParamRegion;
     type BoundRegion = ty::BoundRegion;
@@ -1118,15 +1119,18 @@ impl<'tcx> CommonConsts<'tcx> {
         };
 
         CommonConsts {
-            unit: mk_const(ty::ConstKind::Value(types.unit, ty::ValTree::zst())),
-            true_: mk_const(ty::ConstKind::Value(
-                types.bool,
-                ty::ValTree::Leaf(ty::ScalarInt::TRUE),
-            )),
-            false_: mk_const(ty::ConstKind::Value(
-                types.bool,
-                ty::ValTree::Leaf(ty::ScalarInt::FALSE),
-            )),
+            unit: mk_const(ty::ConstKind::Value(ty::Value {
+                ty: types.unit,
+                valtree: ty::ValTree::zst(),
+            })),
+            true_: mk_const(ty::ConstKind::Value(ty::Value {
+                ty: types.bool,
+                valtree: ty::ValTree::Leaf(ty::ScalarInt::TRUE),
+            })),
+            false_: mk_const(ty::ConstKind::Value(ty::Value {
+                ty: types.bool,
+                valtree: ty::ValTree::Leaf(ty::ScalarInt::FALSE),
+            })),
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/flags.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/flags.rs
index 0af57f636aa..ec0498b168c 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/flags.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/flags.rs
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ impl FlagComputation {
                 self.add_flags(TypeFlags::HAS_CT_PLACEHOLDER);
                 self.add_flags(TypeFlags::STILL_FURTHER_SPECIALIZABLE);
             }
-            ty::ConstKind::Value(ty, _) => self.add_ty(ty),
+            ty::ConstKind::Value(cv) => self.add_ty(cv.ty),
             ty::ConstKind::Expr(e) => self.add_args(e.args()),
             ty::ConstKind::Error(_) => self.add_flags(TypeFlags::HAS_ERROR),
         }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/layout.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/layout.rs
index 0d41a1d7dbf..3ced64b5b80 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/layout.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/layout.rs
@@ -504,6 +504,9 @@ impl<'tcx> SizeSkeleton<'tcx> {
                 }
             }
 
+            // Pattern types are always the same size as their base.
+            ty::Pat(base, _) => SizeSkeleton::compute(base, tcx, typing_env),
+
             _ => Err(err),
         }
     }
@@ -855,7 +858,12 @@ where
                     }
 
                     let mk_dyn_vtable = |principal: Option<ty::PolyExistentialTraitRef<'tcx>>| {
-                        let min_count = ty::vtable_min_entries(tcx, principal);
+                        let min_count = ty::vtable_min_entries(
+                            tcx,
+                            principal.map(|principal| {
+                                tcx.instantiate_bound_regions_with_erased(principal)
+                            }),
+                        );
                         Ty::new_imm_ref(
                             tcx,
                             tcx.lifetimes.re_static,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/mod.rs
index 8cd632790a8..88eea6101b5 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/mod.rs
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ pub use self::closure::{
     place_to_string_for_capture,
 };
 pub use self::consts::{
-    Const, ConstInt, ConstKind, Expr, ExprKind, ScalarInt, UnevaluatedConst, ValTree,
+    Const, ConstInt, ConstKind, Expr, ExprKind, ScalarInt, UnevaluatedConst, ValTree, Value,
 };
 pub use self::context::{
     CtxtInterners, CurrentGcx, DeducedParamAttrs, Feed, FreeRegionInfo, GlobalCtxt, Lift, TyCtxt,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/pretty.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/pretty.rs
index 027a4315b4b..018fcc66aee 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/pretty.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/pretty.rs
@@ -1484,8 +1484,8 @@ pub trait PrettyPrinter<'tcx>: Printer<'tcx> + fmt::Write {
                 _ => write!(self, "_")?,
             },
             ty::ConstKind::Param(ParamConst { name, .. }) => p!(write("{}", name)),
-            ty::ConstKind::Value(ty, value) => {
-                return self.pretty_print_const_valtree(value, ty, print_ty);
+            ty::ConstKind::Value(cv) => {
+                return self.pretty_print_const_valtree(cv.valtree, cv.ty, print_ty);
             }
 
             ty::ConstKind::Bound(debruijn, bound_var) => {
@@ -1637,33 +1637,32 @@ pub trait PrettyPrinter<'tcx>: Printer<'tcx> + fmt::Write {
         match ty.kind() {
             // Byte strings (&[u8; N])
             ty::Ref(_, inner, _) => {
-                if let ty::Array(elem, len) = inner.kind() {
-                    if let ty::Uint(ty::UintTy::U8) = elem.kind() {
-                        if let ty::ConstKind::Value(_, ty::ValTree::Leaf(int)) = len.kind() {
-                            match self.tcx().try_get_global_alloc(prov.alloc_id()) {
-                                Some(GlobalAlloc::Memory(alloc)) => {
-                                    let len = int.to_bits(self.tcx().data_layout.pointer_size);
-                                    let range =
-                                        AllocRange { start: offset, size: Size::from_bytes(len) };
-                                    if let Ok(byte_str) =
-                                        alloc.inner().get_bytes_strip_provenance(&self.tcx(), range)
-                                    {
-                                        p!(pretty_print_byte_str(byte_str))
-                                    } else {
-                                        p!("<too short allocation>")
-                                    }
-                                }
-                                // FIXME: for statics, vtables, and functions, we could in principle print more detail.
-                                Some(GlobalAlloc::Static(def_id)) => {
-                                    p!(write("<static({:?})>", def_id))
-                                }
-                                Some(GlobalAlloc::Function { .. }) => p!("<function>"),
-                                Some(GlobalAlloc::VTable(..)) => p!("<vtable>"),
-                                None => p!("<dangling pointer>"),
+                if let ty::Array(elem, len) = inner.kind()
+                    && let ty::Uint(ty::UintTy::U8) = elem.kind()
+                    && let ty::ConstKind::Value(cv) = len.kind()
+                    && let ty::ValTree::Leaf(int) = cv.valtree
+                {
+                    match self.tcx().try_get_global_alloc(prov.alloc_id()) {
+                        Some(GlobalAlloc::Memory(alloc)) => {
+                            let len = int.to_bits(self.tcx().data_layout.pointer_size);
+                            let range = AllocRange { start: offset, size: Size::from_bytes(len) };
+                            if let Ok(byte_str) =
+                                alloc.inner().get_bytes_strip_provenance(&self.tcx(), range)
+                            {
+                                p!(pretty_print_byte_str(byte_str))
+                            } else {
+                                p!("<too short allocation>")
                             }
-                            return Ok(());
                         }
+                        // FIXME: for statics, vtables, and functions, we could in principle print more detail.
+                        Some(GlobalAlloc::Static(def_id)) => {
+                            p!(write("<static({:?})>", def_id))
+                        }
+                        Some(GlobalAlloc::Function { .. }) => p!("<function>"),
+                        Some(GlobalAlloc::VTable(..)) => p!("<vtable>"),
+                        None => p!("<dangling pointer>"),
                     }
+                    return Ok(());
                 }
             }
             ty::FnPtr(..) => {
@@ -1786,6 +1785,7 @@ pub trait PrettyPrinter<'tcx>: Printer<'tcx> + fmt::Write {
         Ok(())
     }
 
+    // FIXME(valtrees): Accept `ty::Value` instead of `Ty` and `ty::ValTree` separately.
     fn pretty_print_const_valtree(
         &mut self,
         valtree: ty::ValTree<'tcx>,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/structural_impls.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/structural_impls.rs
index 68cb56f3583..9e9de4fb064 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/structural_impls.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/structural_impls.rs
@@ -162,16 +162,15 @@ impl<'tcx> fmt::Debug for ty::consts::Expr<'tcx> {
 impl<'tcx> fmt::Debug for ty::Const<'tcx> {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         // If this is a value, we spend some effort to make it look nice.
-        if let ConstKind::Value(_, _) = self.kind() {
+        if let ConstKind::Value(_) = self.kind() {
             return ty::tls::with(move |tcx| {
-                // Somehow trying to lift the valtree results in lifetime errors, so we lift the
-                // entire constant.
+                // ValTrees aren't interned, so we lift the entire constant.
                 let lifted = tcx.lift(*self).unwrap();
-                let ConstKind::Value(ty, valtree) = lifted.kind() else {
+                let ConstKind::Value(cv) = lifted.kind() else {
                     bug!("we checked that this is a valtree")
                 };
                 let mut cx = FmtPrinter::new(tcx, Namespace::ValueNS);
-                cx.pretty_print_const_valtree(valtree, ty, /*print_ty*/ true)?;
+                cx.pretty_print_const_valtree(cv.valtree, cv.ty, /*print_ty*/ true)?;
                 f.write_str(&cx.into_buffer())
             });
         }
@@ -589,9 +588,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeSuperFoldable<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for ty::Const<'tcx> {
             }
             ConstKind::Placeholder(p) => ConstKind::Placeholder(p.try_fold_with(folder)?),
             ConstKind::Unevaluated(uv) => ConstKind::Unevaluated(uv.try_fold_with(folder)?),
-            ConstKind::Value(t, v) => {
-                ConstKind::Value(t.try_fold_with(folder)?, v.try_fold_with(folder)?)
-            }
+            ConstKind::Value(v) => ConstKind::Value(v.try_fold_with(folder)?),
             ConstKind::Error(e) => ConstKind::Error(e.try_fold_with(folder)?),
             ConstKind::Expr(e) => ConstKind::Expr(e.try_fold_with(folder)?),
         };
@@ -610,10 +607,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeSuperVisitable<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for ty::Const<'tcx> {
             }
             ConstKind::Placeholder(p) => p.visit_with(visitor),
             ConstKind::Unevaluated(uv) => uv.visit_with(visitor),
-            ConstKind::Value(t, v) => {
-                try_visit!(t.visit_with(visitor));
-                v.visit_with(visitor)
-            }
+            ConstKind::Value(v) => v.visit_with(visitor),
             ConstKind::Error(e) => e.visit_with(visitor),
             ConstKind::Expr(e) => e.visit_with(visitor),
         }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/vtable.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/vtable.rs
index 455bd16ff8c..6c9e0e7c0eb 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/vtable.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/vtable.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use rustc_type_ir::elaborate;
 use crate::mir::interpret::{
     AllocId, AllocInit, Allocation, CTFE_ALLOC_SALT, Pointer, Scalar, alloc_range,
 };
-use crate::ty::{self, Instance, PolyTraitRef, Ty, TyCtxt};
+use crate::ty::{self, Instance, TraitRef, Ty, TyCtxt};
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, HashStable)]
 pub enum VtblEntry<'tcx> {
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ pub enum VtblEntry<'tcx> {
     /// dispatchable associated function
     Method(Instance<'tcx>),
     /// pointer to a separate supertrait vtable, can be used by trait upcasting coercion
-    TraitVPtr(PolyTraitRef<'tcx>),
+    TraitVPtr(TraitRef<'tcx>),
 }
 
 impl<'tcx> fmt::Debug for VtblEntry<'tcx> {
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ pub const COMMON_VTABLE_ENTRIES_ALIGN: usize = 2;
 // function is an accurate approximation. We verify this when actually computing the vtable below.
 pub(crate) fn vtable_min_entries<'tcx>(
     tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
-    trait_ref: Option<ty::PolyExistentialTraitRef<'tcx>>,
+    trait_ref: Option<ty::ExistentialTraitRef<'tcx>>,
 ) -> usize {
     let mut count = TyCtxt::COMMON_VTABLE_ENTRIES.len();
     let Some(trait_ref) = trait_ref else {
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ pub(crate) fn vtable_min_entries<'tcx>(
     };
 
     // This includes self in supertraits.
-    for def_id in elaborate::supertrait_def_ids(tcx, trait_ref.def_id()) {
+    for def_id in elaborate::supertrait_def_ids(tcx, trait_ref.def_id) {
         count += tcx.own_existential_vtable_entries(def_id).len();
     }
 
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ pub(crate) fn vtable_min_entries<'tcx>(
 /// initial contents.)
 pub(super) fn vtable_allocation_provider<'tcx>(
     tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
-    key: (Ty<'tcx>, Option<ty::PolyExistentialTraitRef<'tcx>>),
+    key: (Ty<'tcx>, Option<ty::ExistentialTraitRef<'tcx>>),
 ) -> AllocId {
     let (ty, poly_trait_ref) = key;
 
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ pub(super) fn vtable_allocation_provider<'tcx>(
 
     for (idx, entry) in vtable_entries.iter().enumerate() {
         let idx: u64 = u64::try_from(idx).unwrap();
-        let scalar = match entry {
+        let scalar = match *entry {
             VtblEntry::MetadataDropInPlace => {
                 if ty.needs_drop(tcx, ty::TypingEnv::fully_monomorphized()) {
                     let instance = ty::Instance::resolve_drop_in_place(tcx, ty);
@@ -134,13 +134,12 @@ pub(super) fn vtable_allocation_provider<'tcx>(
             VtblEntry::Vacant => continue,
             VtblEntry::Method(instance) => {
                 // Prepare the fn ptr we write into the vtable.
-                let fn_alloc_id = tcx.reserve_and_set_fn_alloc(*instance, CTFE_ALLOC_SALT);
+                let fn_alloc_id = tcx.reserve_and_set_fn_alloc(instance, CTFE_ALLOC_SALT);
                 let fn_ptr = Pointer::from(fn_alloc_id);
                 Scalar::from_pointer(fn_ptr, &tcx)
             }
             VtblEntry::TraitVPtr(trait_ref) => {
-                let super_trait_ref = trait_ref
-                    .map_bound(|trait_ref| ty::ExistentialTraitRef::erase_self_ty(tcx, trait_ref));
+                let super_trait_ref = ty::ExistentialTraitRef::erase_self_ty(tcx, trait_ref);
                 let supertrait_alloc_id = tcx.vtable_allocation((ty, Some(super_trait_ref)));
                 let vptr = Pointer::from(supertrait_alloc_id);
                 Scalar::from_pointer(vptr, &tcx)
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/walk.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/walk.rs
index 2dcba8c2f82..3e8a3d1a289 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/walk.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/walk.rs
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ fn push_inner<'tcx>(stack: &mut TypeWalkerStack<'tcx>, parent: GenericArg<'tcx>)
             | ty::ConstKind::Bound(..)
             | ty::ConstKind::Error(_) => {}
 
-            ty::ConstKind::Value(ty, _) => stack.push(ty.into()),
+            ty::ConstKind::Value(cv) => stack.push(cv.ty.into()),
 
             ty::ConstKind::Expr(expr) => stack.extend(expr.args().iter().rev()),
             ty::ConstKind::Unevaluated(ct) => {