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-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_parse/src/lexer/mod.rs1145
1 files changed, 1145 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_parse/src/lexer/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_parse/src/lexer/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..85af5a615ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/rustc_parse/src/lexer/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,1145 @@
+use diagnostics::make_errors_for_mismatched_closing_delims;
+use rustc_ast::ast::{self, AttrStyle};
+use rustc_ast::token::{self, CommentKind, Delimiter, IdentIsRaw, Token, TokenKind};
+use rustc_ast::tokenstream::TokenStream;
+use rustc_ast::util::unicode::{TEXT_FLOW_CONTROL_CHARS, contains_text_flow_control_chars};
+use rustc_errors::codes::*;
+use rustc_errors::{Applicability, Diag, DiagCtxtHandle, StashKey};
+use rustc_lexer::{
+    Base, Cursor, DocStyle, FrontmatterAllowed, LiteralKind, RawStrError, is_whitespace,
+};
+use rustc_literal_escaper::{EscapeError, Mode, check_for_errors};
+use rustc_session::lint::BuiltinLintDiag;
+use rustc_session::lint::builtin::{
+    RUST_2021_PREFIXES_INCOMPATIBLE_SYNTAX, RUST_2024_GUARDED_STRING_INCOMPATIBLE_SYNTAX,
+    TEXT_DIRECTION_CODEPOINT_IN_COMMENT, TEXT_DIRECTION_CODEPOINT_IN_LITERAL,
+};
+use rustc_session::parse::ParseSess;
+use rustc_span::{BytePos, Pos, Span, Symbol, sym};
+use tracing::debug;
+
+use crate::errors;
+use crate::lexer::diagnostics::TokenTreeDiagInfo;
+use crate::lexer::unicode_chars::UNICODE_ARRAY;
+
+mod diagnostics;
+mod tokentrees;
+mod unescape_error_reporting;
+mod unicode_chars;
+
+use unescape_error_reporting::{emit_unescape_error, escaped_char};
+
+// This type is used a lot. Make sure it doesn't unintentionally get bigger.
+//
+// This assertion is in this crate, rather than in `rustc_lexer`, because that
+// crate cannot depend on `rustc_data_structures`.
+#[cfg(target_pointer_width = "64")]
+rustc_data_structures::static_assert_size!(rustc_lexer::Token, 12);
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub(crate) struct UnmatchedDelim {
+    pub found_delim: Option<Delimiter>,
+    pub found_span: Span,
+    pub unclosed_span: Option<Span>,
+    pub candidate_span: Option<Span>,
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn lex_token_trees<'psess, 'src>(
+    psess: &'psess ParseSess,
+    mut src: &'src str,
+    mut start_pos: BytePos,
+    override_span: Option<Span>,
+) -> Result<TokenStream, Vec<Diag<'psess>>> {
+    // Skip `#!`, if present.
+    if let Some(shebang_len) = rustc_lexer::strip_shebang(src) {
+        src = &src[shebang_len..];
+        start_pos = start_pos + BytePos::from_usize(shebang_len);
+    }
+
+    let cursor = Cursor::new(src, FrontmatterAllowed::Yes);
+    let mut lexer = Lexer {
+        psess,
+        start_pos,
+        pos: start_pos,
+        src,
+        cursor,
+        override_span,
+        nbsp_is_whitespace: false,
+        last_lifetime: None,
+        token: Token::dummy(),
+        diag_info: TokenTreeDiagInfo::default(),
+    };
+    let res = lexer.lex_token_trees(/* is_delimited */ false);
+
+    let mut unmatched_closing_delims: Vec<_> =
+        make_errors_for_mismatched_closing_delims(&lexer.diag_info.unmatched_delims, psess);
+
+    match res {
+        Ok((_open_spacing, stream)) => {
+            if unmatched_closing_delims.is_empty() {
+                Ok(stream)
+            } else {
+                // Return error if there are unmatched delimiters or unclosed delimiters.
+                Err(unmatched_closing_delims)
+            }
+        }
+        Err(errs) => {
+            // We emit delimiter mismatch errors first, then emit the unclosing delimiter mismatch
+            // because the delimiter mismatch is more likely to be the root cause of error
+            unmatched_closing_delims.extend(errs);
+            Err(unmatched_closing_delims)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+struct Lexer<'psess, 'src> {
+    psess: &'psess ParseSess,
+    /// Initial position, read-only.
+    start_pos: BytePos,
+    /// The absolute offset within the source_map of the current character.
+    pos: BytePos,
+    /// Source text to tokenize.
+    src: &'src str,
+    /// Cursor for getting lexer tokens.
+    cursor: Cursor<'src>,
+    override_span: Option<Span>,
+    /// When a "unknown start of token: \u{a0}" has already been emitted earlier
+    /// in this file, it's safe to treat further occurrences of the non-breaking
+    /// space character as whitespace.
+    nbsp_is_whitespace: bool,
+
+    /// Track the `Span` for the leading `'` of the last lifetime. Used for
+    /// diagnostics to detect possible typo where `"` was meant.
+    last_lifetime: Option<Span>,
+
+    /// The current token.
+    token: Token,
+
+    diag_info: TokenTreeDiagInfo,
+}
+
+impl<'psess, 'src> Lexer<'psess, 'src> {
+    fn dcx(&self) -> DiagCtxtHandle<'psess> {
+        self.psess.dcx()
+    }
+
+    fn mk_sp(&self, lo: BytePos, hi: BytePos) -> Span {
+        self.override_span.unwrap_or_else(|| Span::with_root_ctxt(lo, hi))
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the next token, paired with a bool indicating if the token was
+    /// preceded by whitespace.
+    fn next_token_from_cursor(&mut self) -> (Token, bool) {
+        let mut preceded_by_whitespace = false;
+        let mut swallow_next_invalid = 0;
+        // Skip trivial (whitespace & comments) tokens
+        loop {
+            let str_before = self.cursor.as_str();
+            let token = self.cursor.advance_token();
+            let start = self.pos;
+            self.pos = self.pos + BytePos(token.len);
+
+            debug!("next_token: {:?}({:?})", token.kind, self.str_from(start));
+
+            if let rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Semi
+            | rustc_lexer::TokenKind::LineComment { .. }
+            | rustc_lexer::TokenKind::BlockComment { .. }
+            | rustc_lexer::TokenKind::CloseParen
+            | rustc_lexer::TokenKind::CloseBrace
+            | rustc_lexer::TokenKind::CloseBracket = token.kind
+            {
+                // Heuristic: we assume that it is unlikely we're dealing with an unterminated
+                // string surrounded by single quotes.
+                self.last_lifetime = None;
+            }
+
+            // Now "cook" the token, converting the simple `rustc_lexer::TokenKind` enum into a
+            // rich `rustc_ast::TokenKind`. This turns strings into interned symbols and runs
+            // additional validation.
+            let kind = match token.kind {
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::LineComment { doc_style } => {
+                    // Skip non-doc comments
+                    let Some(doc_style) = doc_style else {
+                        self.lint_unicode_text_flow(start);
+                        preceded_by_whitespace = true;
+                        continue;
+                    };
+
+                    // Opening delimiter of the length 3 is not included into the symbol.
+                    let content_start = start + BytePos(3);
+                    let content = self.str_from(content_start);
+                    self.lint_doc_comment_unicode_text_flow(start, content);
+                    self.cook_doc_comment(content_start, content, CommentKind::Line, doc_style)
+                }
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::BlockComment { doc_style, terminated } => {
+                    if !terminated {
+                        self.report_unterminated_block_comment(start, doc_style);
+                    }
+
+                    // Skip non-doc comments
+                    let Some(doc_style) = doc_style else {
+                        self.lint_unicode_text_flow(start);
+                        preceded_by_whitespace = true;
+                        continue;
+                    };
+
+                    // Opening delimiter of the length 3 and closing delimiter of the length 2
+                    // are not included into the symbol.
+                    let content_start = start + BytePos(3);
+                    let content_end = self.pos - BytePos(if terminated { 2 } else { 0 });
+                    let content = self.str_from_to(content_start, content_end);
+                    self.lint_doc_comment_unicode_text_flow(start, content);
+                    self.cook_doc_comment(content_start, content, CommentKind::Block, doc_style)
+                }
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Frontmatter { has_invalid_preceding_whitespace, invalid_infostring } => {
+                    self.validate_frontmatter(start, has_invalid_preceding_whitespace, invalid_infostring);
+                    preceded_by_whitespace = true;
+                    continue;
+                }
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Whitespace => {
+                    preceded_by_whitespace = true;
+                    continue;
+                }
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Ident => self.ident(start),
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::RawIdent => {
+                    let sym = nfc_normalize(self.str_from(start + BytePos(2)));
+                    let span = self.mk_sp(start, self.pos);
+                    self.psess.symbol_gallery.insert(sym, span);
+                    if !sym.can_be_raw() {
+                        self.dcx().emit_err(errors::CannotBeRawIdent { span, ident: sym });
+                    }
+                    self.psess.raw_identifier_spans.push(span);
+                    token::Ident(sym, IdentIsRaw::Yes)
+                }
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::UnknownPrefix => {
+                    self.report_unknown_prefix(start);
+                    self.ident(start)
+                }
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::UnknownPrefixLifetime => {
+                    self.report_unknown_prefix(start);
+                    // Include the leading `'` in the real identifier, for macro
+                    // expansion purposes. See #12512 for the gory details of why
+                    // this is necessary.
+                    let lifetime_name = self.str_from(start);
+                    self.last_lifetime = Some(self.mk_sp(start, start + BytePos(1)));
+                    let ident = Symbol::intern(lifetime_name);
+                    token::Lifetime(ident, IdentIsRaw::No)
+                }
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::InvalidIdent
+                    // Do not recover an identifier with emoji if the codepoint is a confusable
+                    // with a recoverable substitution token, like `➖`.
+                    if !UNICODE_ARRAY.iter().any(|&(c, _, _)| {
+                        let sym = self.str_from(start);
+                        sym.chars().count() == 1 && c == sym.chars().next().unwrap()
+                    }) =>
+                {
+                    let sym = nfc_normalize(self.str_from(start));
+                    let span = self.mk_sp(start, self.pos);
+                    self.psess
+                        .bad_unicode_identifiers
+                        .borrow_mut()
+                        .entry(sym)
+                        .or_default()
+                        .push(span);
+                    token::Ident(sym, IdentIsRaw::No)
+                }
+                // split up (raw) c string literals to an ident and a string literal when edition <
+                // 2021.
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Literal {
+                    kind: kind @ (LiteralKind::CStr { .. } | LiteralKind::RawCStr { .. }),
+                    suffix_start: _,
+                } if !self.mk_sp(start, self.pos).edition().at_least_rust_2021() => {
+                    let prefix_len = match kind {
+                        LiteralKind::CStr { .. } => 1,
+                        LiteralKind::RawCStr { .. } => 2,
+                        _ => unreachable!(),
+                    };
+
+                    // reset the state so that only the prefix ("c" or "cr")
+                    // was consumed.
+                    let lit_start = start + BytePos(prefix_len);
+                    self.pos = lit_start;
+                    self.cursor = Cursor::new(&str_before[prefix_len as usize..], FrontmatterAllowed::No);
+                    self.report_unknown_prefix(start);
+                    let prefix_span = self.mk_sp(start, lit_start);
+                    return (Token::new(self.ident(start), prefix_span), preceded_by_whitespace);
+                }
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::GuardedStrPrefix => {
+                    self.maybe_report_guarded_str(start, str_before)
+                }
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Literal { kind, suffix_start } => {
+                    let suffix_start = start + BytePos(suffix_start);
+                    let (kind, symbol) = self.cook_lexer_literal(start, suffix_start, kind);
+                    let suffix = if suffix_start < self.pos {
+                        let string = self.str_from(suffix_start);
+                        if string == "_" {
+                            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::UnderscoreLiteralSuffix {
+                                span: self.mk_sp(suffix_start, self.pos),
+                            });
+                            None
+                        } else {
+                            Some(Symbol::intern(string))
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        None
+                    };
+                    self.lint_literal_unicode_text_flow(symbol, kind, self.mk_sp(start, self.pos), "literal");
+                    token::Literal(token::Lit { kind, symbol, suffix })
+                }
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Lifetime { starts_with_number } => {
+                    // Include the leading `'` in the real identifier, for macro
+                    // expansion purposes. See #12512 for the gory details of why
+                    // this is necessary.
+                    let lifetime_name = self.str_from(start);
+                    self.last_lifetime = Some(self.mk_sp(start, start + BytePos(1)));
+                    if starts_with_number {
+                        let span = self.mk_sp(start, self.pos);
+                        self.dcx()
+                            .struct_err("lifetimes cannot start with a number")
+                            .with_span(span)
+                            .stash(span, StashKey::LifetimeIsChar);
+                    }
+                    let ident = Symbol::intern(lifetime_name);
+                    token::Lifetime(ident, IdentIsRaw::No)
+                }
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::RawLifetime => {
+                    self.last_lifetime = Some(self.mk_sp(start, start + BytePos(1)));
+
+                    let ident_start = start + BytePos(3);
+                    let prefix_span = self.mk_sp(start, ident_start);
+
+                    if prefix_span.at_least_rust_2021() {
+                        // If the raw lifetime is followed by \' then treat it a normal
+                        // lifetime followed by a \', which is to interpret it as a character
+                        // literal. In this case, it's always an invalid character literal
+                        // since the literal must necessarily have >3 characters (r#...) inside
+                        // of it, which is invalid.
+                        if self.cursor.as_str().starts_with('\'') {
+                            let lit_span = self.mk_sp(start, self.pos + BytePos(1));
+                            let contents = self.str_from_to(start + BytePos(1), self.pos);
+                            emit_unescape_error(
+                                self.dcx(),
+                                contents,
+                                lit_span,
+                                lit_span,
+                                Mode::Char,
+                                0..contents.len(),
+                                EscapeError::MoreThanOneChar,
+                            )
+                            .expect("expected error");
+                        }
+
+                        let span = self.mk_sp(start, self.pos);
+
+                        let lifetime_name_without_tick =
+                            Symbol::intern(&self.str_from(ident_start));
+                        if !lifetime_name_without_tick.can_be_raw() {
+                            self.dcx().emit_err(
+                                errors::CannotBeRawLifetime {
+                                    span,
+                                    ident: lifetime_name_without_tick
+                                }
+                            );
+                        }
+
+                        // Put the `'` back onto the lifetime name.
+                        let mut lifetime_name =
+                            String::with_capacity(lifetime_name_without_tick.as_str().len() + 1);
+                        lifetime_name.push('\'');
+                        lifetime_name += lifetime_name_without_tick.as_str();
+                        let sym = Symbol::intern(&lifetime_name);
+
+                        // Make sure we mark this as a raw identifier.
+                        self.psess.raw_identifier_spans.push(span);
+
+                        token::Lifetime(sym, IdentIsRaw::Yes)
+                    } else {
+                        // Otherwise, this should be parsed like `'r`. Warn about it though.
+                        self.psess.buffer_lint(
+                            RUST_2021_PREFIXES_INCOMPATIBLE_SYNTAX,
+                            prefix_span,
+                            ast::CRATE_NODE_ID,
+                            BuiltinLintDiag::RawPrefix(prefix_span),
+                        );
+
+                        // Reset the state so we just lex the `'r`.
+                        let lt_start = start + BytePos(2);
+                        self.pos = lt_start;
+                        self.cursor = Cursor::new(&str_before[2 as usize..], FrontmatterAllowed::No);
+
+                        let lifetime_name = self.str_from(start);
+                        let ident = Symbol::intern(lifetime_name);
+                        token::Lifetime(ident, IdentIsRaw::No)
+                    }
+                }
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Semi => token::Semi,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Comma => token::Comma,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Dot => token::Dot,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::OpenParen => token::OpenParen,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::CloseParen => token::CloseParen,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::OpenBrace => token::OpenBrace,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::CloseBrace => token::CloseBrace,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::OpenBracket => token::OpenBracket,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::CloseBracket => token::CloseBracket,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::At => token::At,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Pound => token::Pound,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Tilde => token::Tilde,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Question => token::Question,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Colon => token::Colon,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Dollar => token::Dollar,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Eq => token::Eq,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Bang => token::Bang,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Lt => token::Lt,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Gt => token::Gt,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Minus => token::Minus,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::And => token::And,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Or => token::Or,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Plus => token::Plus,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Star => token::Star,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Slash => token::Slash,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Caret => token::Caret,
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Percent => token::Percent,
+
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Unknown | rustc_lexer::TokenKind::InvalidIdent => {
+                    // Don't emit diagnostics for sequences of the same invalid token
+                    if swallow_next_invalid > 0 {
+                        swallow_next_invalid -= 1;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    let mut it = self.str_from_to_end(start).chars();
+                    let c = it.next().unwrap();
+                    if c == '\u{00a0}' {
+                        // If an error has already been reported on non-breaking
+                        // space characters earlier in the file, treat all
+                        // subsequent occurrences as whitespace.
+                        if self.nbsp_is_whitespace {
+                            preceded_by_whitespace = true;
+                            continue;
+                        }
+                        self.nbsp_is_whitespace = true;
+                    }
+                    let repeats = it.take_while(|c1| *c1 == c).count();
+                    // FIXME: the lexer could be used to turn the ASCII version of unicode
+                    // homoglyphs, instead of keeping a table in `check_for_substitution`into the
+                    // token. Ideally, this should be inside `rustc_lexer`. However, we should
+                    // first remove compound tokens like `<<` from `rustc_lexer`, and then add
+                    // fancier error recovery to it, as there will be less overall work to do this
+                    // way.
+                    let (token, sugg) =
+                        unicode_chars::check_for_substitution(self, start, c, repeats + 1);
+                    self.dcx().emit_err(errors::UnknownTokenStart {
+                        span: self.mk_sp(start, self.pos + Pos::from_usize(repeats * c.len_utf8())),
+                        escaped: escaped_char(c),
+                        sugg,
+                        null: if c == '\x00' { Some(errors::UnknownTokenNull) } else { None },
+                        repeat: if repeats > 0 {
+                            swallow_next_invalid = repeats;
+                            Some(errors::UnknownTokenRepeat { repeats })
+                        } else {
+                            None
+                        },
+                    });
+
+                    if let Some(token) = token {
+                        token
+                    } else {
+                        preceded_by_whitespace = true;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                }
+                rustc_lexer::TokenKind::Eof => token::Eof,
+            };
+            let span = self.mk_sp(start, self.pos);
+            return (Token::new(kind, span), preceded_by_whitespace);
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn ident(&self, start: BytePos) -> TokenKind {
+        let sym = nfc_normalize(self.str_from(start));
+        let span = self.mk_sp(start, self.pos);
+        self.psess.symbol_gallery.insert(sym, span);
+        token::Ident(sym, IdentIsRaw::No)
+    }
+
+    /// Detect usages of Unicode codepoints changing the direction of the text on screen and loudly
+    /// complain about it.
+    fn lint_unicode_text_flow(&self, start: BytePos) {
+        // Opening delimiter of the length 2 is not included into the comment text.
+        let content_start = start + BytePos(2);
+        let content = self.str_from(content_start);
+        if contains_text_flow_control_chars(content) {
+            let span = self.mk_sp(start, self.pos);
+            self.psess.buffer_lint(
+                TEXT_DIRECTION_CODEPOINT_IN_COMMENT,
+                span,
+                ast::CRATE_NODE_ID,
+                BuiltinLintDiag::UnicodeTextFlow(span, content.to_string()),
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn lint_doc_comment_unicode_text_flow(&mut self, start: BytePos, content: &str) {
+        if contains_text_flow_control_chars(content) {
+            self.report_text_direction_codepoint(
+                content,
+                self.mk_sp(start, self.pos),
+                0,
+                false,
+                "doc comment",
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn lint_literal_unicode_text_flow(
+        &mut self,
+        text: Symbol,
+        lit_kind: token::LitKind,
+        span: Span,
+        label: &'static str,
+    ) {
+        if !contains_text_flow_control_chars(text.as_str()) {
+            return;
+        }
+        let (padding, point_at_inner_spans) = match lit_kind {
+            // account for `"` or `'`
+            token::LitKind::Str | token::LitKind::Char => (1, true),
+            // account for `c"`
+            token::LitKind::CStr => (2, true),
+            // account for `r###"`
+            token::LitKind::StrRaw(n) => (n as u32 + 2, true),
+            // account for `cr###"`
+            token::LitKind::CStrRaw(n) => (n as u32 + 3, true),
+            // suppress bad literals.
+            token::LitKind::Err(_) => return,
+            // Be conservative just in case new literals do support these.
+            _ => (0, false),
+        };
+        self.report_text_direction_codepoint(
+            text.as_str(),
+            span,
+            padding,
+            point_at_inner_spans,
+            label,
+        );
+    }
+
+    fn report_text_direction_codepoint(
+        &self,
+        text: &str,
+        span: Span,
+        padding: u32,
+        point_at_inner_spans: bool,
+        label: &str,
+    ) {
+        // Obtain the `Span`s for each of the forbidden chars.
+        let spans: Vec<_> = text
+            .char_indices()
+            .filter_map(|(i, c)| {
+                TEXT_FLOW_CONTROL_CHARS.contains(&c).then(|| {
+                    let lo = span.lo() + BytePos(i as u32 + padding);
+                    (c, span.with_lo(lo).with_hi(lo + BytePos(c.len_utf8() as u32)))
+                })
+            })
+            .collect();
+
+        let count = spans.len();
+        let labels = point_at_inner_spans.then_some(spans.clone());
+
+        self.psess.buffer_lint(
+            TEXT_DIRECTION_CODEPOINT_IN_LITERAL,
+            span,
+            ast::CRATE_NODE_ID,
+            BuiltinLintDiag::HiddenUnicodeCodepoints {
+                label: label.to_string(),
+                count,
+                span_label: span,
+                labels,
+                escape: point_at_inner_spans && !spans.is_empty(),
+                spans,
+            },
+        );
+    }
+
+    fn validate_frontmatter(
+        &self,
+        start: BytePos,
+        has_invalid_preceding_whitespace: bool,
+        invalid_infostring: bool,
+    ) {
+        let s = self.str_from(start);
+        let real_start = s.find("---").unwrap();
+        let frontmatter_opening_pos = BytePos(real_start as u32) + start;
+        let s_new = &s[real_start..];
+        let within = s_new.trim_start_matches('-');
+        let len_opening = s_new.len() - within.len();
+
+        let frontmatter_opening_end_pos = frontmatter_opening_pos + BytePos(len_opening as u32);
+        if has_invalid_preceding_whitespace {
+            let line_start =
+                BytePos(s[..real_start].rfind("\n").map_or(0, |i| i as u32 + 1)) + start;
+            let span = self.mk_sp(line_start, frontmatter_opening_end_pos);
+            let label_span = self.mk_sp(line_start, frontmatter_opening_pos);
+            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::FrontmatterInvalidOpeningPrecedingWhitespace {
+                span,
+                note_span: label_span,
+            });
+        }
+
+        if invalid_infostring {
+            let line_end = s[real_start..].find('\n').unwrap_or(s[real_start..].len());
+            let span = self.mk_sp(
+                frontmatter_opening_end_pos,
+                frontmatter_opening_pos + BytePos(line_end as u32),
+            );
+            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::FrontmatterInvalidInfostring { span });
+        }
+
+        let last_line_start = within.rfind('\n').map_or(0, |i| i + 1);
+        let last_line = &within[last_line_start..];
+        let last_line_trimmed = last_line.trim_start_matches(is_whitespace);
+        let last_line_start_pos = frontmatter_opening_end_pos + BytePos(last_line_start as u32);
+
+        let frontmatter_span = self.mk_sp(frontmatter_opening_pos, self.pos);
+        self.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::frontmatter, frontmatter_span);
+
+        if !last_line_trimmed.starts_with("---") {
+            let label_span = self.mk_sp(frontmatter_opening_pos, frontmatter_opening_end_pos);
+            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::FrontmatterUnclosed {
+                span: frontmatter_span,
+                note_span: label_span,
+            });
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if last_line_trimmed.len() != last_line.len() {
+            let line_end = last_line_start_pos + BytePos(last_line.len() as u32);
+            let span = self.mk_sp(last_line_start_pos, line_end);
+            let whitespace_end =
+                last_line_start_pos + BytePos((last_line.len() - last_line_trimmed.len()) as u32);
+            let label_span = self.mk_sp(last_line_start_pos, whitespace_end);
+            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::FrontmatterInvalidClosingPrecedingWhitespace {
+                span,
+                note_span: label_span,
+            });
+        }
+
+        let rest = last_line_trimmed.trim_start_matches('-');
+        let len_close = last_line_trimmed.len() - rest.len();
+        if len_close != len_opening {
+            let span = self.mk_sp(frontmatter_opening_pos, self.pos);
+            let opening = self.mk_sp(frontmatter_opening_pos, frontmatter_opening_end_pos);
+            let last_line_close_pos = last_line_start_pos + BytePos(len_close as u32);
+            let close = self.mk_sp(last_line_start_pos, last_line_close_pos);
+            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::FrontmatterLengthMismatch {
+                span,
+                opening,
+                close,
+                len_opening,
+                len_close,
+            });
+        }
+
+        if !rest.trim_matches(is_whitespace).is_empty() {
+            let span = self.mk_sp(last_line_start_pos, self.pos);
+            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::FrontmatterExtraCharactersAfterClose { span });
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn cook_doc_comment(
+        &self,
+        content_start: BytePos,
+        content: &str,
+        comment_kind: CommentKind,
+        doc_style: DocStyle,
+    ) -> TokenKind {
+        if content.contains('\r') {
+            for (idx, _) in content.char_indices().filter(|&(_, c)| c == '\r') {
+                let span = self.mk_sp(
+                    content_start + BytePos(idx as u32),
+                    content_start + BytePos(idx as u32 + 1),
+                );
+                let block = matches!(comment_kind, CommentKind::Block);
+                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::CrDocComment { span, block });
+            }
+        }
+
+        let attr_style = match doc_style {
+            DocStyle::Outer => AttrStyle::Outer,
+            DocStyle::Inner => AttrStyle::Inner,
+        };
+
+        token::DocComment(comment_kind, attr_style, Symbol::intern(content))
+    }
+
+    fn cook_lexer_literal(
+        &self,
+        start: BytePos,
+        end: BytePos,
+        kind: rustc_lexer::LiteralKind,
+    ) -> (token::LitKind, Symbol) {
+        match kind {
+            rustc_lexer::LiteralKind::Char { terminated } => {
+                if !terminated {
+                    let mut err = self
+                        .dcx()
+                        .struct_span_fatal(self.mk_sp(start, end), "unterminated character literal")
+                        .with_code(E0762);
+                    if let Some(lt_sp) = self.last_lifetime {
+                        err.multipart_suggestion(
+                            "if you meant to write a string literal, use double quotes",
+                            vec![
+                                (lt_sp, "\"".to_string()),
+                                (self.mk_sp(start, start + BytePos(1)), "\"".to_string()),
+                            ],
+                            Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
+                        );
+                    }
+                    err.emit()
+                }
+                self.cook_quoted(token::Char, Mode::Char, start, end, 1, 1) // ' '
+            }
+            rustc_lexer::LiteralKind::Byte { terminated } => {
+                if !terminated {
+                    self.dcx()
+                        .struct_span_fatal(
+                            self.mk_sp(start + BytePos(1), end),
+                            "unterminated byte constant",
+                        )
+                        .with_code(E0763)
+                        .emit()
+                }
+                self.cook_quoted(token::Byte, Mode::Byte, start, end, 2, 1) // b' '
+            }
+            rustc_lexer::LiteralKind::Str { terminated } => {
+                if !terminated {
+                    self.dcx()
+                        .struct_span_fatal(
+                            self.mk_sp(start, end),
+                            "unterminated double quote string",
+                        )
+                        .with_code(E0765)
+                        .emit()
+                }
+                self.cook_quoted(token::Str, Mode::Str, start, end, 1, 1) // " "
+            }
+            rustc_lexer::LiteralKind::ByteStr { terminated } => {
+                if !terminated {
+                    self.dcx()
+                        .struct_span_fatal(
+                            self.mk_sp(start + BytePos(1), end),
+                            "unterminated double quote byte string",
+                        )
+                        .with_code(E0766)
+                        .emit()
+                }
+                self.cook_quoted(token::ByteStr, Mode::ByteStr, start, end, 2, 1)
+                // b" "
+            }
+            rustc_lexer::LiteralKind::CStr { terminated } => {
+                if !terminated {
+                    self.dcx()
+                        .struct_span_fatal(
+                            self.mk_sp(start + BytePos(1), end),
+                            "unterminated C string",
+                        )
+                        .with_code(E0767)
+                        .emit()
+                }
+                self.cook_quoted(token::CStr, Mode::CStr, start, end, 2, 1) // c" "
+            }
+            rustc_lexer::LiteralKind::RawStr { n_hashes } => {
+                if let Some(n_hashes) = n_hashes {
+                    let n = u32::from(n_hashes);
+                    let kind = token::StrRaw(n_hashes);
+                    self.cook_quoted(kind, Mode::RawStr, start, end, 2 + n, 1 + n)
+                // r##" "##
+                } else {
+                    self.report_raw_str_error(start, 1);
+                }
+            }
+            rustc_lexer::LiteralKind::RawByteStr { n_hashes } => {
+                if let Some(n_hashes) = n_hashes {
+                    let n = u32::from(n_hashes);
+                    let kind = token::ByteStrRaw(n_hashes);
+                    self.cook_quoted(kind, Mode::RawByteStr, start, end, 3 + n, 1 + n)
+                // br##" "##
+                } else {
+                    self.report_raw_str_error(start, 2);
+                }
+            }
+            rustc_lexer::LiteralKind::RawCStr { n_hashes } => {
+                if let Some(n_hashes) = n_hashes {
+                    let n = u32::from(n_hashes);
+                    let kind = token::CStrRaw(n_hashes);
+                    self.cook_quoted(kind, Mode::RawCStr, start, end, 3 + n, 1 + n)
+                // cr##" "##
+                } else {
+                    self.report_raw_str_error(start, 2);
+                }
+            }
+            rustc_lexer::LiteralKind::Int { base, empty_int } => {
+                let mut kind = token::Integer;
+                if empty_int {
+                    let span = self.mk_sp(start, end);
+                    let guar = self.dcx().emit_err(errors::NoDigitsLiteral { span });
+                    kind = token::Err(guar);
+                } else if matches!(base, Base::Binary | Base::Octal) {
+                    let base = base as u32;
+                    let s = self.str_from_to(start + BytePos(2), end);
+                    for (idx, c) in s.char_indices() {
+                        let span = self.mk_sp(
+                            start + BytePos::from_usize(2 + idx),
+                            start + BytePos::from_usize(2 + idx + c.len_utf8()),
+                        );
+                        if c != '_' && c.to_digit(base).is_none() {
+                            let guar =
+                                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidDigitLiteral { span, base });
+                            kind = token::Err(guar);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+                (kind, self.symbol_from_to(start, end))
+            }
+            rustc_lexer::LiteralKind::Float { base, empty_exponent } => {
+                let mut kind = token::Float;
+                if empty_exponent {
+                    let span = self.mk_sp(start, self.pos);
+                    let guar = self.dcx().emit_err(errors::EmptyExponentFloat { span });
+                    kind = token::Err(guar);
+                }
+                let base = match base {
+                    Base::Hexadecimal => Some("hexadecimal"),
+                    Base::Octal => Some("octal"),
+                    Base::Binary => Some("binary"),
+                    _ => None,
+                };
+                if let Some(base) = base {
+                    let span = self.mk_sp(start, end);
+                    let guar =
+                        self.dcx().emit_err(errors::FloatLiteralUnsupportedBase { span, base });
+                    kind = token::Err(guar)
+                }
+                (kind, self.symbol_from_to(start, end))
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[inline]
+    fn src_index(&self, pos: BytePos) -> usize {
+        (pos - self.start_pos).to_usize()
+    }
+
+    /// Slice of the source text from `start` up to but excluding `self.pos`,
+    /// meaning the slice does not include the character `self.ch`.
+    fn str_from(&self, start: BytePos) -> &'src str {
+        self.str_from_to(start, self.pos)
+    }
+
+    /// As symbol_from, with an explicit endpoint.
+    fn symbol_from_to(&self, start: BytePos, end: BytePos) -> Symbol {
+        debug!("taking an ident from {:?} to {:?}", start, end);
+        Symbol::intern(self.str_from_to(start, end))
+    }
+
+    /// Slice of the source text spanning from `start` up to but excluding `end`.
+    fn str_from_to(&self, start: BytePos, end: BytePos) -> &'src str {
+        &self.src[self.src_index(start)..self.src_index(end)]
+    }
+
+    /// Slice of the source text spanning from `start` until the end
+    fn str_from_to_end(&self, start: BytePos) -> &'src str {
+        &self.src[self.src_index(start)..]
+    }
+
+    fn report_raw_str_error(&self, start: BytePos, prefix_len: u32) -> ! {
+        match rustc_lexer::validate_raw_str(self.str_from(start), prefix_len) {
+            Err(RawStrError::InvalidStarter { bad_char }) => {
+                self.report_non_started_raw_string(start, bad_char)
+            }
+            Err(RawStrError::NoTerminator { expected, found, possible_terminator_offset }) => self
+                .report_unterminated_raw_string(start, expected, possible_terminator_offset, found),
+            Err(RawStrError::TooManyDelimiters { found }) => {
+                self.report_too_many_hashes(start, found)
+            }
+            Ok(()) => panic!("no error found for supposedly invalid raw string literal"),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn report_non_started_raw_string(&self, start: BytePos, bad_char: char) -> ! {
+        self.dcx()
+            .struct_span_fatal(
+                self.mk_sp(start, self.pos),
+                format!(
+                    "found invalid character; only `#` is allowed in raw string delimitation: {}",
+                    escaped_char(bad_char)
+                ),
+            )
+            .emit()
+    }
+
+    fn report_unterminated_raw_string(
+        &self,
+        start: BytePos,
+        n_hashes: u32,
+        possible_offset: Option<u32>,
+        found_terminators: u32,
+    ) -> ! {
+        let mut err =
+            self.dcx().struct_span_fatal(self.mk_sp(start, start), "unterminated raw string");
+        err.code(E0748);
+        err.span_label(self.mk_sp(start, start), "unterminated raw string");
+
+        if n_hashes > 0 {
+            err.note(format!(
+                "this raw string should be terminated with `\"{}`",
+                "#".repeat(n_hashes as usize)
+            ));
+        }
+
+        if let Some(possible_offset) = possible_offset {
+            let lo = start + BytePos(possible_offset);
+            let hi = lo + BytePos(found_terminators);
+            let span = self.mk_sp(lo, hi);
+            err.span_suggestion(
+                span,
+                "consider terminating the string here",
+                "#".repeat(n_hashes as usize),
+                Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
+            );
+        }
+
+        err.emit()
+    }
+
+    fn report_unterminated_block_comment(&self, start: BytePos, doc_style: Option<DocStyle>) {
+        let msg = match doc_style {
+            Some(_) => "unterminated block doc-comment",
+            None => "unterminated block comment",
+        };
+        let last_bpos = self.pos;
+        let mut err = self.dcx().struct_span_fatal(self.mk_sp(start, last_bpos), msg);
+        err.code(E0758);
+        let mut nested_block_comment_open_idxs = vec![];
+        let mut last_nested_block_comment_idxs = None;
+        let mut content_chars = self.str_from(start).char_indices().peekable();
+
+        while let Some((idx, current_char)) = content_chars.next() {
+            match content_chars.peek() {
+                Some((_, '*')) if current_char == '/' => {
+                    nested_block_comment_open_idxs.push(idx);
+                }
+                Some((_, '/')) if current_char == '*' => {
+                    last_nested_block_comment_idxs =
+                        nested_block_comment_open_idxs.pop().map(|open_idx| (open_idx, idx));
+                }
+                _ => {}
+            };
+        }
+
+        if let Some((nested_open_idx, nested_close_idx)) = last_nested_block_comment_idxs {
+            err.span_label(self.mk_sp(start, start + BytePos(2)), msg)
+                .span_label(
+                    self.mk_sp(
+                        start + BytePos(nested_open_idx as u32),
+                        start + BytePos(nested_open_idx as u32 + 2),
+                    ),
+                    "...as last nested comment starts here, maybe you want to close this instead?",
+                )
+                .span_label(
+                    self.mk_sp(
+                        start + BytePos(nested_close_idx as u32),
+                        start + BytePos(nested_close_idx as u32 + 2),
+                    ),
+                    "...and last nested comment terminates here.",
+                );
+        }
+
+        err.emit();
+    }
+
+    // RFC 3101 introduced the idea of (reserved) prefixes. As of Rust 2021,
+    // using a (unknown) prefix is an error. In earlier editions, however, they
+    // only result in a (allowed by default) lint, and are treated as regular
+    // identifier tokens.
+    fn report_unknown_prefix(&self, start: BytePos) {
+        let prefix_span = self.mk_sp(start, self.pos);
+        let prefix = self.str_from_to(start, self.pos);
+        let expn_data = prefix_span.ctxt().outer_expn_data();
+
+        if expn_data.edition.at_least_rust_2021() {
+            // In Rust 2021, this is a hard error.
+            let sugg = if prefix == "rb" {
+                Some(errors::UnknownPrefixSugg::UseBr(prefix_span))
+            } else if prefix == "rc" {
+                Some(errors::UnknownPrefixSugg::UseCr(prefix_span))
+            } else if expn_data.is_root() {
+                if self.cursor.first() == '\''
+                    && let Some(start) = self.last_lifetime
+                    && self.cursor.third() != '\''
+                    && let end = self.mk_sp(self.pos, self.pos + BytePos(1))
+                    && !self.psess.source_map().is_multiline(start.until(end))
+                {
+                    // FIXME: An "unclosed `char`" error will be emitted already in some cases,
+                    // but it's hard to silence this error while not also silencing important cases
+                    // too. We should use the error stashing machinery instead.
+                    Some(errors::UnknownPrefixSugg::MeantStr { start, end })
+                } else {
+                    Some(errors::UnknownPrefixSugg::Whitespace(prefix_span.shrink_to_hi()))
+                }
+            } else {
+                None
+            };
+            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::UnknownPrefix { span: prefix_span, prefix, sugg });
+        } else {
+            // Before Rust 2021, only emit a lint for migration.
+            self.psess.buffer_lint(
+                RUST_2021_PREFIXES_INCOMPATIBLE_SYNTAX,
+                prefix_span,
+                ast::CRATE_NODE_ID,
+                BuiltinLintDiag::ReservedPrefix(prefix_span, prefix.to_string()),
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Detect guarded string literal syntax
+    ///
+    /// RFC 3593 reserved this syntax for future use. As of Rust 2024,
+    /// using this syntax produces an error. In earlier editions, however, it
+    /// only results in an (allowed by default) lint, and is treated as
+    /// separate tokens.
+    fn maybe_report_guarded_str(&mut self, start: BytePos, str_before: &'src str) -> TokenKind {
+        let span = self.mk_sp(start, self.pos);
+        let edition2024 = span.edition().at_least_rust_2024();
+
+        let space_pos = start + BytePos(1);
+        let space_span = self.mk_sp(space_pos, space_pos);
+
+        let mut cursor = Cursor::new(str_before, FrontmatterAllowed::No);
+
+        let (is_string, span, unterminated) = match cursor.guarded_double_quoted_string() {
+            Some(rustc_lexer::GuardedStr { n_hashes, terminated, token_len }) => {
+                let end = start + BytePos(token_len);
+                let span = self.mk_sp(start, end);
+                let str_start = start + BytePos(n_hashes);
+
+                if edition2024 {
+                    self.cursor = cursor;
+                    self.pos = end;
+                }
+
+                let unterminated = if terminated { None } else { Some(str_start) };
+
+                (true, span, unterminated)
+            }
+            None => {
+                // We should only get here in the `##+` case.
+                debug_assert_eq!(self.str_from_to(start, start + BytePos(2)), "##");
+
+                (false, span, None)
+            }
+        };
+        if edition2024 {
+            if let Some(str_start) = unterminated {
+                // Only a fatal error if string is unterminated.
+                self.dcx()
+                    .struct_span_fatal(
+                        self.mk_sp(str_start, self.pos),
+                        "unterminated double quote string",
+                    )
+                    .with_code(E0765)
+                    .emit()
+            }
+
+            let sugg = if span.from_expansion() {
+                None
+            } else {
+                Some(errors::GuardedStringSugg(space_span))
+            };
+
+            // In Edition 2024 and later, emit a hard error.
+            let err = if is_string {
+                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::ReservedString { span, sugg })
+            } else {
+                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::ReservedMultihash { span, sugg })
+            };
+
+            token::Literal(token::Lit {
+                kind: token::Err(err),
+                symbol: self.symbol_from_to(start, self.pos),
+                suffix: None,
+            })
+        } else {
+            // Before Rust 2024, only emit a lint for migration.
+            self.psess.buffer_lint(
+                RUST_2024_GUARDED_STRING_INCOMPATIBLE_SYNTAX,
+                span,
+                ast::CRATE_NODE_ID,
+                BuiltinLintDiag::ReservedString { is_string, suggestion: space_span },
+            );
+
+            // For backwards compatibility, roll back to after just the first `#`
+            // and return the `Pound` token.
+            self.pos = start + BytePos(1);
+            self.cursor = Cursor::new(&str_before[1..], FrontmatterAllowed::No);
+            token::Pound
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn report_too_many_hashes(&self, start: BytePos, num: u32) -> ! {
+        self.dcx().emit_fatal(errors::TooManyHashes { span: self.mk_sp(start, self.pos), num });
+    }
+
+    fn cook_quoted(
+        &self,
+        mut kind: token::LitKind,
+        mode: Mode,
+        start: BytePos,
+        end: BytePos,
+        prefix_len: u32,
+        postfix_len: u32,
+    ) -> (token::LitKind, Symbol) {
+        let content_start = start + BytePos(prefix_len);
+        let content_end = end - BytePos(postfix_len);
+        let lit_content = self.str_from_to(content_start, content_end);
+        check_for_errors(lit_content, mode, |range, err| {
+            let span_with_quotes = self.mk_sp(start, end);
+            let (start, end) = (range.start as u32, range.end as u32);
+            let lo = content_start + BytePos(start);
+            let hi = lo + BytePos(end - start);
+            let span = self.mk_sp(lo, hi);
+            let is_fatal = err.is_fatal();
+            if let Some(guar) = emit_unescape_error(
+                self.dcx(),
+                lit_content,
+                span_with_quotes,
+                span,
+                mode,
+                range,
+                err,
+            ) {
+                assert!(is_fatal);
+                kind = token::Err(guar);
+            }
+        });
+
+        // We normally exclude the quotes for the symbol, but for errors we
+        // include it because it results in clearer error messages.
+        let sym = if !matches!(kind, token::Err(_)) {
+            Symbol::intern(lit_content)
+        } else {
+            self.symbol_from_to(start, end)
+        };
+        (kind, sym)
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn nfc_normalize(string: &str) -> Symbol {
+    use unicode_normalization::{IsNormalized, UnicodeNormalization, is_nfc_quick};
+    match is_nfc_quick(string.chars()) {
+        IsNormalized::Yes => Symbol::intern(string),
+        _ => {
+            let normalized_str: String = string.chars().nfc().collect();
+            Symbol::intern(&normalized_str)
+        }
+    }
+}