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-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/expr.rs4234
1 files changed, 4234 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/expr.rs b/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/expr.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..35b987cf50f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/expr.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,4234 @@
+// ignore-tidy-filelength
+
+use core::mem;
+use core::ops::{Bound, ControlFlow};
+
+use ast::mut_visit::{self, MutVisitor};
+use ast::token::IdentIsRaw;
+use ast::{CoroutineKind, ForLoopKind, GenBlockKind, MatchKind, Pat, Path, PathSegment, Recovered};
+use rustc_ast::ptr::P;
+use rustc_ast::token::{self, Delimiter, InvisibleOrigin, MetaVarKind, Token, TokenKind};
+use rustc_ast::tokenstream::TokenTree;
+use rustc_ast::util::case::Case;
+use rustc_ast::util::classify;
+use rustc_ast::util::parser::{AssocOp, ExprPrecedence, Fixity, prec_let_scrutinee_needs_par};
+use rustc_ast::visit::{Visitor, walk_expr};
+use rustc_ast::{
+    self as ast, AnonConst, Arm, AssignOp, AssignOpKind, AttrStyle, AttrVec, BinOp, BinOpKind,
+    BlockCheckMode, CaptureBy, ClosureBinder, DUMMY_NODE_ID, Expr, ExprField, ExprKind, FnDecl,
+    FnRetTy, Label, MacCall, MetaItemLit, Movability, Param, RangeLimits, StmtKind, Ty, TyKind,
+    UnOp, UnsafeBinderCastKind, YieldKind,
+};
+use rustc_data_structures::stack::ensure_sufficient_stack;
+use rustc_errors::{Applicability, Diag, PResult, StashKey, Subdiagnostic};
+use rustc_literal_escaper::unescape_char;
+use rustc_macros::Subdiagnostic;
+use rustc_session::errors::{ExprParenthesesNeeded, report_lit_error};
+use rustc_session::lint::BuiltinLintDiag;
+use rustc_session::lint::builtin::BREAK_WITH_LABEL_AND_LOOP;
+use rustc_span::edition::Edition;
+use rustc_span::source_map::{self, Spanned};
+use rustc_span::{BytePos, ErrorGuaranteed, Ident, Pos, Span, Symbol, kw, sym};
+use thin_vec::{ThinVec, thin_vec};
+use tracing::instrument;
+
+use super::diagnostics::SnapshotParser;
+use super::pat::{CommaRecoveryMode, Expected, RecoverColon, RecoverComma};
+use super::ty::{AllowPlus, RecoverQPath, RecoverReturnSign};
+use super::{
+    AttrWrapper, BlockMode, ClosureSpans, ExpTokenPair, ForceCollect, Parser, PathStyle,
+    Restrictions, SemiColonMode, SeqSep, TokenType, Trailing, UsePreAttrPos,
+};
+use crate::{errors, exp, maybe_recover_from_interpolated_ty_qpath};
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub(super) enum DestructuredFloat {
+    /// 1e2
+    Single(Symbol, Span),
+    /// 1.
+    TrailingDot(Symbol, Span, Span),
+    /// 1.2 | 1.2e3
+    MiddleDot(Symbol, Span, Span, Symbol, Span),
+    /// Invalid
+    Error,
+}
+
+impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
+    /// Parses an expression.
+    #[inline]
+    pub fn parse_expr(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        self.current_closure.take();
+
+        let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+        self.parse_expr_res(Restrictions::empty(), attrs).map(|res| res.0)
+    }
+
+    /// Parses an expression, forcing tokens to be collected.
+    pub fn parse_expr_force_collect(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        self.current_closure.take();
+
+        // If the expression is associative (e.g. `1 + 2`), then any preceding
+        // outer attribute actually belongs to the first inner sub-expression.
+        // In which case we must use the pre-attr pos to include the attribute
+        // in the collected tokens for the outer expression.
+        let pre_attr_pos = self.collect_pos();
+        let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+        self.collect_tokens(
+            Some(pre_attr_pos),
+            AttrWrapper::empty(),
+            ForceCollect::Yes,
+            |this, _empty_attrs| {
+                let (expr, is_assoc) = this.parse_expr_res(Restrictions::empty(), attrs)?;
+                let use_pre_attr_pos =
+                    if is_assoc { UsePreAttrPos::Yes } else { UsePreAttrPos::No };
+                Ok((expr, Trailing::No, use_pre_attr_pos))
+            },
+        )
+    }
+
+    pub fn parse_expr_anon_const(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, AnonConst> {
+        self.parse_expr().map(|value| AnonConst { id: DUMMY_NODE_ID, value })
+    }
+
+    fn parse_expr_catch_underscore(&mut self, restrictions: Restrictions) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+        match self.parse_expr_res(restrictions, attrs) {
+            Ok((expr, _)) => Ok(expr),
+            Err(err) => match self.token.ident() {
+                Some((Ident { name: kw::Underscore, .. }, IdentIsRaw::No))
+                    if self.may_recover() && self.look_ahead(1, |t| t == &token::Comma) =>
+                {
+                    // Special-case handling of `foo(_, _, _)`
+                    let guar = err.emit();
+                    self.bump();
+                    Ok(self.mk_expr(self.prev_token.span, ExprKind::Err(guar)))
+                }
+                _ => Err(err),
+            },
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Parses a sequence of expressions delimited by parentheses.
+    fn parse_expr_paren_seq(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, ThinVec<P<Expr>>> {
+        self.parse_paren_comma_seq(|p| p.parse_expr_catch_underscore(Restrictions::empty()))
+            .map(|(r, _)| r)
+    }
+
+    /// Parses an expression, subject to the given restrictions.
+    #[inline]
+    pub(super) fn parse_expr_res(
+        &mut self,
+        r: Restrictions,
+        attrs: AttrWrapper,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, (P<Expr>, bool)> {
+        self.with_res(r, |this| this.parse_expr_assoc_with(Bound::Unbounded, attrs))
+    }
+
+    /// Parses an associative expression with operators of at least `min_prec` precedence.
+    /// The `bool` in the return value indicates if it was an assoc expr, i.e. with an operator
+    /// followed by a subexpression (e.g. `1 + 2`).
+    pub(super) fn parse_expr_assoc_with(
+        &mut self,
+        min_prec: Bound<ExprPrecedence>,
+        attrs: AttrWrapper,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, (P<Expr>, bool)> {
+        let lhs = if self.token.is_range_separator() {
+            return self.parse_expr_prefix_range(attrs).map(|res| (res, false));
+        } else {
+            self.parse_expr_prefix(attrs)?
+        };
+        self.parse_expr_assoc_rest_with(min_prec, false, lhs)
+    }
+
+    /// Parses the rest of an associative expression (i.e. the part after the lhs) with operators
+    /// of at least `min_prec` precedence. The `bool` in the return value indicates if something
+    /// was actually parsed.
+    pub(super) fn parse_expr_assoc_rest_with(
+        &mut self,
+        min_prec: Bound<ExprPrecedence>,
+        starts_stmt: bool,
+        mut lhs: P<Expr>,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, (P<Expr>, bool)> {
+        let mut parsed_something = false;
+        if !self.should_continue_as_assoc_expr(&lhs) {
+            return Ok((lhs, parsed_something));
+        }
+
+        self.expected_token_types.insert(TokenType::Operator);
+        while let Some(op) = self.check_assoc_op() {
+            let lhs_span = self.interpolated_or_expr_span(&lhs);
+            let cur_op_span = self.token.span;
+            let restrictions = if op.node.is_assign_like() {
+                self.restrictions & Restrictions::NO_STRUCT_LITERAL
+            } else {
+                self.restrictions
+            };
+            let prec = op.node.precedence();
+            if match min_prec {
+                Bound::Included(min_prec) => prec < min_prec,
+                Bound::Excluded(min_prec) => prec <= min_prec,
+                Bound::Unbounded => false,
+            } {
+                break;
+            }
+            // Check for deprecated `...` syntax
+            if self.token == token::DotDotDot && op.node == AssocOp::Range(RangeLimits::Closed) {
+                self.err_dotdotdot_syntax(self.token.span);
+            }
+
+            if self.token == token::LArrow {
+                self.err_larrow_operator(self.token.span);
+            }
+
+            parsed_something = true;
+            self.bump();
+            if op.node.is_comparison() {
+                if let Some(expr) = self.check_no_chained_comparison(&lhs, &op)? {
+                    return Ok((expr, parsed_something));
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Look for JS' `===` and `!==` and recover
+            if let AssocOp::Binary(bop @ BinOpKind::Eq | bop @ BinOpKind::Ne) = op.node
+                && self.token == token::Eq
+                && self.prev_token.span.hi() == self.token.span.lo()
+            {
+                let sp = op.span.to(self.token.span);
+                let sugg = bop.as_str().into();
+                let invalid = format!("{sugg}=");
+                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidComparisonOperator {
+                    span: sp,
+                    invalid: invalid.clone(),
+                    sub: errors::InvalidComparisonOperatorSub::Correctable {
+                        span: sp,
+                        invalid,
+                        correct: sugg,
+                    },
+                });
+                self.bump();
+            }
+
+            // Look for PHP's `<>` and recover
+            if op.node == AssocOp::Binary(BinOpKind::Lt)
+                && self.token == token::Gt
+                && self.prev_token.span.hi() == self.token.span.lo()
+            {
+                let sp = op.span.to(self.token.span);
+                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidComparisonOperator {
+                    span: sp,
+                    invalid: "<>".into(),
+                    sub: errors::InvalidComparisonOperatorSub::Correctable {
+                        span: sp,
+                        invalid: "<>".into(),
+                        correct: "!=".into(),
+                    },
+                });
+                self.bump();
+            }
+
+            // Look for C++'s `<=>` and recover
+            if op.node == AssocOp::Binary(BinOpKind::Le)
+                && self.token == token::Gt
+                && self.prev_token.span.hi() == self.token.span.lo()
+            {
+                let sp = op.span.to(self.token.span);
+                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidComparisonOperator {
+                    span: sp,
+                    invalid: "<=>".into(),
+                    sub: errors::InvalidComparisonOperatorSub::Spaceship(sp),
+                });
+                self.bump();
+            }
+
+            if self.prev_token == token::Plus
+                && self.token == token::Plus
+                && self.prev_token.span.between(self.token.span).is_empty()
+            {
+                let op_span = self.prev_token.span.to(self.token.span);
+                // Eat the second `+`
+                self.bump();
+                lhs = self.recover_from_postfix_increment(lhs, op_span, starts_stmt)?;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if self.prev_token == token::Minus
+                && self.token == token::Minus
+                && self.prev_token.span.between(self.token.span).is_empty()
+                && !self.look_ahead(1, |tok| tok.can_begin_expr())
+            {
+                let op_span = self.prev_token.span.to(self.token.span);
+                // Eat the second `-`
+                self.bump();
+                lhs = self.recover_from_postfix_decrement(lhs, op_span, starts_stmt)?;
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            let op_span = op.span;
+            let op = op.node;
+            // Special cases:
+            if op == AssocOp::Cast {
+                lhs = self.parse_assoc_op_cast(lhs, lhs_span, op_span, ExprKind::Cast)?;
+                continue;
+            } else if let AssocOp::Range(limits) = op {
+                // If we didn't have to handle `x..`/`x..=`, it would be pretty easy to
+                // generalise it to the Fixity::None code.
+                lhs = self.parse_expr_range(prec, lhs, limits, cur_op_span)?;
+                break;
+            }
+
+            let min_prec = match op.fixity() {
+                Fixity::Right => Bound::Included(prec),
+                Fixity::Left | Fixity::None => Bound::Excluded(prec),
+            };
+            let (rhs, _) = self.with_res(restrictions - Restrictions::STMT_EXPR, |this| {
+                let attrs = this.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+                this.parse_expr_assoc_with(min_prec, attrs)
+            })?;
+
+            let span = self.mk_expr_sp(&lhs, lhs_span, op_span, rhs.span);
+            lhs = match op {
+                AssocOp::Binary(ast_op) => {
+                    let binary = self.mk_binary(source_map::respan(cur_op_span, ast_op), lhs, rhs);
+                    self.mk_expr(span, binary)
+                }
+                AssocOp::Assign => self.mk_expr(span, ExprKind::Assign(lhs, rhs, cur_op_span)),
+                AssocOp::AssignOp(aop) => {
+                    let aopexpr = self.mk_assign_op(source_map::respan(cur_op_span, aop), lhs, rhs);
+                    self.mk_expr(span, aopexpr)
+                }
+                AssocOp::Cast | AssocOp::Range(_) => {
+                    self.dcx().span_bug(span, "AssocOp should have been handled by special case")
+                }
+            };
+        }
+
+        Ok((lhs, parsed_something))
+    }
+
+    fn should_continue_as_assoc_expr(&mut self, lhs: &Expr) -> bool {
+        match (self.expr_is_complete(lhs), AssocOp::from_token(&self.token)) {
+            // Semi-statement forms are odd:
+            // See https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/29071
+            (true, None) => false,
+            (false, _) => true, // Continue parsing the expression.
+            // An exhaustive check is done in the following block, but these are checked first
+            // because they *are* ambiguous but also reasonable looking incorrect syntax, so we
+            // want to keep their span info to improve diagnostics in these cases in a later stage.
+            (true, Some(AssocOp::Binary(
+                BinOpKind::Mul | // `{ 42 } *foo = bar;` or `{ 42 } * 3`
+                BinOpKind::Sub | // `{ 42 } -5`
+                BinOpKind::Add | // `{ 42 } + 42` (unary plus)
+                BinOpKind::And | // `{ 42 } &&x` (#61475) or `{ 42 } && if x { 1 } else { 0 }`
+                BinOpKind::Or | // `{ 42 } || 42` ("logical or" or closure)
+                BinOpKind::BitOr // `{ 42 } | 42` or `{ 42 } |x| 42`
+            ))) => {
+                // These cases are ambiguous and can't be identified in the parser alone.
+                //
+                // Bitwise AND is left out because guessing intent is hard. We can make
+                // suggestions based on the assumption that double-refs are rarely intentional,
+                // and closures are distinct enough that they don't get mixed up with their
+                // return value.
+                let sp = self.psess.source_map().start_point(self.token.span);
+                self.psess.ambiguous_block_expr_parse.borrow_mut().insert(sp, lhs.span);
+                false
+            }
+            (true, Some(op)) if !op.can_continue_expr_unambiguously() => false,
+            (true, Some(_)) => {
+                self.error_found_expr_would_be_stmt(lhs);
+                true
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// We've found an expression that would be parsed as a statement,
+    /// but the next token implies this should be parsed as an expression.
+    /// For example: `if let Some(x) = x { x } else { 0 } / 2`.
+    fn error_found_expr_would_be_stmt(&self, lhs: &Expr) {
+        self.dcx().emit_err(errors::FoundExprWouldBeStmt {
+            span: self.token.span,
+            token: self.token,
+            suggestion: ExprParenthesesNeeded::surrounding(lhs.span),
+        });
+    }
+
+    /// Possibly translate the current token to an associative operator.
+    /// The method does not advance the current token.
+    ///
+    /// Also performs recovery for `and` / `or` which are mistaken for `&&` and `||` respectively.
+    pub(super) fn check_assoc_op(&self) -> Option<Spanned<AssocOp>> {
+        let (op, span) = match (AssocOp::from_token(&self.token), self.token.ident()) {
+            // When parsing const expressions, stop parsing when encountering `>`.
+            (
+                Some(
+                    AssocOp::Binary(BinOpKind::Shr | BinOpKind::Gt | BinOpKind::Ge)
+                    | AssocOp::AssignOp(AssignOpKind::ShrAssign),
+                ),
+                _,
+            ) if self.restrictions.contains(Restrictions::CONST_EXPR) => {
+                return None;
+            }
+            // When recovering patterns as expressions, stop parsing when encountering an
+            // assignment `=`, an alternative `|`, or a range `..`.
+            (
+                Some(
+                    AssocOp::Assign
+                    | AssocOp::AssignOp(_)
+                    | AssocOp::Binary(BinOpKind::BitOr)
+                    | AssocOp::Range(_),
+                ),
+                _,
+            ) if self.restrictions.contains(Restrictions::IS_PAT) => {
+                return None;
+            }
+            (Some(op), _) => (op, self.token.span),
+            (None, Some((Ident { name: sym::and, span }, IdentIsRaw::No)))
+                if self.may_recover() =>
+            {
+                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidLogicalOperator {
+                    span: self.token.span,
+                    incorrect: "and".into(),
+                    sub: errors::InvalidLogicalOperatorSub::Conjunction(self.token.span),
+                });
+                (AssocOp::Binary(BinOpKind::And), span)
+            }
+            (None, Some((Ident { name: sym::or, span }, IdentIsRaw::No))) if self.may_recover() => {
+                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidLogicalOperator {
+                    span: self.token.span,
+                    incorrect: "or".into(),
+                    sub: errors::InvalidLogicalOperatorSub::Disjunction(self.token.span),
+                });
+                (AssocOp::Binary(BinOpKind::Or), span)
+            }
+            _ => return None,
+        };
+        Some(source_map::respan(span, op))
+    }
+
+    /// Checks if this expression is a successfully parsed statement.
+    fn expr_is_complete(&self, e: &Expr) -> bool {
+        self.restrictions.contains(Restrictions::STMT_EXPR) && classify::expr_is_complete(e)
+    }
+
+    /// Parses `x..y`, `x..=y`, and `x..`/`x..=`.
+    /// The other two variants are handled in `parse_prefix_range_expr` below.
+    fn parse_expr_range(
+        &mut self,
+        prec: ExprPrecedence,
+        lhs: P<Expr>,
+        limits: RangeLimits,
+        cur_op_span: Span,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let rhs = if self.is_at_start_of_range_notation_rhs() {
+            let maybe_lt = self.token;
+            let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+            Some(
+                self.parse_expr_assoc_with(Bound::Excluded(prec), attrs)
+                    .map_err(|err| self.maybe_err_dotdotlt_syntax(maybe_lt, err))?
+                    .0,
+            )
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+        let rhs_span = rhs.as_ref().map_or(cur_op_span, |x| x.span);
+        let span = self.mk_expr_sp(&lhs, lhs.span, cur_op_span, rhs_span);
+        let range = self.mk_range(Some(lhs), rhs, limits);
+        Ok(self.mk_expr(span, range))
+    }
+
+    fn is_at_start_of_range_notation_rhs(&self) -> bool {
+        if self.token.can_begin_expr() {
+            // Parse `for i in 1.. { }` as infinite loop, not as `for i in (1..{})`.
+            if self.token == token::OpenBrace {
+                return !self.restrictions.contains(Restrictions::NO_STRUCT_LITERAL);
+            }
+            true
+        } else {
+            false
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Parses prefix-forms of range notation: `..expr`, `..`, `..=expr`.
+    fn parse_expr_prefix_range(&mut self, attrs: AttrWrapper) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        if !attrs.is_empty() {
+            let err = errors::DotDotRangeAttribute { span: self.token.span };
+            self.dcx().emit_err(err);
+        }
+
+        // Check for deprecated `...` syntax.
+        if self.token == token::DotDotDot {
+            self.err_dotdotdot_syntax(self.token.span);
+        }
+
+        debug_assert!(
+            self.token.is_range_separator(),
+            "parse_prefix_range_expr: token {:?} is not DotDot/DotDotEq",
+            self.token
+        );
+
+        let limits = match self.token.kind {
+            token::DotDot => RangeLimits::HalfOpen,
+            _ => RangeLimits::Closed,
+        };
+        let op = AssocOp::from_token(&self.token);
+        let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+        self.collect_tokens_for_expr(attrs, |this, attrs| {
+            let lo = this.token.span;
+            let maybe_lt = this.look_ahead(1, |t| t.clone());
+            this.bump();
+            let (span, opt_end) = if this.is_at_start_of_range_notation_rhs() {
+                // RHS must be parsed with more associativity than the dots.
+                let attrs = this.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+                this.parse_expr_assoc_with(Bound::Excluded(op.unwrap().precedence()), attrs)
+                    .map(|(x, _)| (lo.to(x.span), Some(x)))
+                    .map_err(|err| this.maybe_err_dotdotlt_syntax(maybe_lt, err))?
+            } else {
+                (lo, None)
+            };
+            let range = this.mk_range(None, opt_end, limits);
+            Ok(this.mk_expr_with_attrs(span, range, attrs))
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Parses a prefix-unary-operator expr.
+    fn parse_expr_prefix(&mut self, attrs: AttrWrapper) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let lo = self.token.span;
+
+        macro_rules! make_it {
+            ($this:ident, $attrs:expr, |this, _| $body:expr) => {
+                $this.collect_tokens_for_expr($attrs, |$this, attrs| {
+                    let (hi, ex) = $body?;
+                    Ok($this.mk_expr_with_attrs(lo.to(hi), ex, attrs))
+                })
+            };
+        }
+
+        let this = self;
+
+        // Note: when adding new unary operators, don't forget to adjust TokenKind::can_begin_expr()
+        match this.token.uninterpolate().kind {
+            // `!expr`
+            token::Bang => make_it!(this, attrs, |this, _| this.parse_expr_unary(lo, UnOp::Not)),
+            // `~expr`
+            token::Tilde => make_it!(this, attrs, |this, _| this.recover_tilde_expr(lo)),
+            // `-expr`
+            token::Minus => {
+                make_it!(this, attrs, |this, _| this.parse_expr_unary(lo, UnOp::Neg))
+            }
+            // `*expr`
+            token::Star => {
+                make_it!(this, attrs, |this, _| this.parse_expr_unary(lo, UnOp::Deref))
+            }
+            // `&expr` and `&&expr`
+            token::And | token::AndAnd => {
+                make_it!(this, attrs, |this, _| this.parse_expr_borrow(lo))
+            }
+            // `+lit`
+            token::Plus if this.look_ahead(1, |tok| tok.is_numeric_lit()) => {
+                let mut err = errors::LeadingPlusNotSupported {
+                    span: lo,
+                    remove_plus: None,
+                    add_parentheses: None,
+                };
+
+                // a block on the LHS might have been intended to be an expression instead
+                if let Some(sp) = this.psess.ambiguous_block_expr_parse.borrow().get(&lo) {
+                    err.add_parentheses = Some(ExprParenthesesNeeded::surrounding(*sp));
+                } else {
+                    err.remove_plus = Some(lo);
+                }
+                this.dcx().emit_err(err);
+
+                this.bump();
+                let attrs = this.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+                this.parse_expr_prefix(attrs)
+            }
+            // Recover from `++x`:
+            token::Plus if this.look_ahead(1, |t| *t == token::Plus) => {
+                let starts_stmt =
+                    this.prev_token == token::Semi || this.prev_token == token::CloseBrace;
+                let pre_span = this.token.span.to(this.look_ahead(1, |t| t.span));
+                // Eat both `+`s.
+                this.bump();
+                this.bump();
+
+                let operand_expr = this.parse_expr_dot_or_call(attrs)?;
+                this.recover_from_prefix_increment(operand_expr, pre_span, starts_stmt)
+            }
+            token::Ident(..) if this.token.is_keyword(kw::Box) => {
+                make_it!(this, attrs, |this, _| this.parse_expr_box(lo))
+            }
+            token::Ident(..) if this.may_recover() && this.is_mistaken_not_ident_negation() => {
+                make_it!(this, attrs, |this, _| this.recover_not_expr(lo))
+            }
+            _ => return this.parse_expr_dot_or_call(attrs),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn parse_expr_prefix_common(&mut self, lo: Span) -> PResult<'a, (Span, P<Expr>)> {
+        self.bump();
+        let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+        let expr = if self.token.is_range_separator() {
+            self.parse_expr_prefix_range(attrs)
+        } else {
+            self.parse_expr_prefix(attrs)
+        }?;
+        let span = self.interpolated_or_expr_span(&expr);
+        Ok((lo.to(span), expr))
+    }
+
+    fn parse_expr_unary(&mut self, lo: Span, op: UnOp) -> PResult<'a, (Span, ExprKind)> {
+        let (span, expr) = self.parse_expr_prefix_common(lo)?;
+        Ok((span, self.mk_unary(op, expr)))
+    }
+
+    /// Recover on `~expr` in favor of `!expr`.
+    fn recover_tilde_expr(&mut self, lo: Span) -> PResult<'a, (Span, ExprKind)> {
+        self.dcx().emit_err(errors::TildeAsUnaryOperator(lo));
+
+        self.parse_expr_unary(lo, UnOp::Not)
+    }
+
+    /// Parse `box expr` - this syntax has been removed, but we still parse this
+    /// for now to provide a more useful error
+    fn parse_expr_box(&mut self, box_kw: Span) -> PResult<'a, (Span, ExprKind)> {
+        let (span, expr) = self.parse_expr_prefix_common(box_kw)?;
+        // Make a multipart suggestion instead of `span_to_snippet` in case source isn't available
+        let box_kw_and_lo = box_kw.until(self.interpolated_or_expr_span(&expr));
+        let hi = span.shrink_to_hi();
+        let sugg = errors::AddBoxNew { box_kw_and_lo, hi };
+        let guar = self.dcx().emit_err(errors::BoxSyntaxRemoved { span, sugg });
+        Ok((span, ExprKind::Err(guar)))
+    }
+
+    fn is_mistaken_not_ident_negation(&self) -> bool {
+        let token_cannot_continue_expr = |t: &Token| match t.uninterpolate().kind {
+            // These tokens can start an expression after `!`, but
+            // can't continue an expression after an ident
+            token::Ident(name, is_raw) => token::ident_can_begin_expr(name, t.span, is_raw),
+            token::Literal(..) | token::Pound => true,
+            _ => t.is_metavar_expr(),
+        };
+        self.token.is_ident_named(sym::not) && self.look_ahead(1, token_cannot_continue_expr)
+    }
+
+    /// Recover on `not expr` in favor of `!expr`.
+    fn recover_not_expr(&mut self, lo: Span) -> PResult<'a, (Span, ExprKind)> {
+        let negated_token = self.look_ahead(1, |t| *t);
+
+        let sub_diag = if negated_token.is_numeric_lit() {
+            errors::NotAsNegationOperatorSub::SuggestNotBitwise
+        } else if negated_token.is_bool_lit() {
+            errors::NotAsNegationOperatorSub::SuggestNotLogical
+        } else {
+            errors::NotAsNegationOperatorSub::SuggestNotDefault
+        };
+
+        self.dcx().emit_err(errors::NotAsNegationOperator {
+            negated: negated_token.span,
+            negated_desc: super::token_descr(&negated_token),
+            // Span the `not` plus trailing whitespace to avoid
+            // trailing whitespace after the `!` in our suggestion
+            sub: sub_diag(
+                self.psess.source_map().span_until_non_whitespace(lo.to(negated_token.span)),
+            ),
+        });
+
+        self.parse_expr_unary(lo, UnOp::Not)
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the span of expr if it was not interpolated, or the span of the interpolated token.
+    fn interpolated_or_expr_span(&self, expr: &Expr) -> Span {
+        match self.prev_token.kind {
+            token::NtIdent(..) | token::NtLifetime(..) => self.prev_token.span,
+            token::CloseInvisible(InvisibleOrigin::MetaVar(_)) => {
+                // `expr.span` is the interpolated span, because invisible open
+                // and close delims both get marked with the same span, one
+                // that covers the entire thing between them. (See
+                // `rustc_expand::mbe::transcribe::transcribe`.)
+                self.prev_token.span
+            }
+            _ => expr.span,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn parse_assoc_op_cast(
+        &mut self,
+        lhs: P<Expr>,
+        lhs_span: Span,
+        op_span: Span,
+        expr_kind: fn(P<Expr>, P<Ty>) -> ExprKind,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let mk_expr = |this: &mut Self, lhs: P<Expr>, rhs: P<Ty>| {
+            this.mk_expr(this.mk_expr_sp(&lhs, lhs_span, op_span, rhs.span), expr_kind(lhs, rhs))
+        };
+
+        // Save the state of the parser before parsing type normally, in case there is a
+        // LessThan comparison after this cast.
+        let parser_snapshot_before_type = self.clone();
+        let cast_expr = match self.parse_as_cast_ty() {
+            Ok(rhs) => mk_expr(self, lhs, rhs),
+            Err(type_err) => {
+                if !self.may_recover() {
+                    return Err(type_err);
+                }
+
+                // Rewind to before attempting to parse the type with generics, to recover
+                // from situations like `x as usize < y` in which we first tried to parse
+                // `usize < y` as a type with generic arguments.
+                let parser_snapshot_after_type = mem::replace(self, parser_snapshot_before_type);
+
+                // Check for typo of `'a: loop { break 'a }` with a missing `'`.
+                match (&lhs.kind, &self.token.kind) {
+                    (
+                        // `foo: `
+                        ExprKind::Path(None, ast::Path { segments, .. }),
+                        token::Ident(kw::For | kw::Loop | kw::While, IdentIsRaw::No),
+                    ) if let [segment] = segments.as_slice() => {
+                        let snapshot = self.create_snapshot_for_diagnostic();
+                        let label = Label {
+                            ident: Ident::from_str_and_span(
+                                &format!("'{}", segment.ident),
+                                segment.ident.span,
+                            ),
+                        };
+                        match self.parse_expr_labeled(label, false) {
+                            Ok(expr) => {
+                                type_err.cancel();
+                                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::MalformedLoopLabel {
+                                    span: label.ident.span,
+                                    suggestion: label.ident.span.shrink_to_lo(),
+                                });
+                                return Ok(expr);
+                            }
+                            Err(err) => {
+                                err.cancel();
+                                self.restore_snapshot(snapshot);
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    _ => {}
+                }
+
+                match self.parse_path(PathStyle::Expr) {
+                    Ok(path) => {
+                        let span_after_type = parser_snapshot_after_type.token.span;
+                        let expr = mk_expr(
+                            self,
+                            lhs,
+                            self.mk_ty(path.span, TyKind::Path(None, path.clone())),
+                        );
+
+                        let args_span = self.look_ahead(1, |t| t.span).to(span_after_type);
+                        let suggestion = errors::ComparisonOrShiftInterpretedAsGenericSugg {
+                            left: expr.span.shrink_to_lo(),
+                            right: expr.span.shrink_to_hi(),
+                        };
+
+                        match self.token.kind {
+                            token::Lt => {
+                                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::ComparisonInterpretedAsGeneric {
+                                    comparison: self.token.span,
+                                    r#type: path,
+                                    args: args_span,
+                                    suggestion,
+                                })
+                            }
+                            token::Shl => self.dcx().emit_err(errors::ShiftInterpretedAsGeneric {
+                                shift: self.token.span,
+                                r#type: path,
+                                args: args_span,
+                                suggestion,
+                            }),
+                            _ => {
+                                // We can end up here even without `<` being the next token, for
+                                // example because `parse_ty_no_plus` returns `Err` on keywords,
+                                // but `parse_path` returns `Ok` on them due to error recovery.
+                                // Return original error and parser state.
+                                *self = parser_snapshot_after_type;
+                                return Err(type_err);
+                            }
+                        };
+
+                        // Successfully parsed the type path leaving a `<` yet to parse.
+                        type_err.cancel();
+
+                        // Keep `x as usize` as an expression in AST and continue parsing.
+                        expr
+                    }
+                    Err(path_err) => {
+                        // Couldn't parse as a path, return original error and parser state.
+                        path_err.cancel();
+                        *self = parser_snapshot_after_type;
+                        return Err(type_err);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        // Try to parse a postfix operator such as `.`, `?`, or index (`[]`)
+        // after a cast. If one is present, emit an error then return a valid
+        // parse tree; For something like `&x as T[0]` will be as if it was
+        // written `((&x) as T)[0]`.
+
+        let span = cast_expr.span;
+
+        let with_postfix = self.parse_expr_dot_or_call_with(AttrVec::new(), cast_expr, span)?;
+
+        // Check if an illegal postfix operator has been added after the cast.
+        // If the resulting expression is not a cast, it is an illegal postfix operator.
+        if !matches!(with_postfix.kind, ExprKind::Cast(_, _)) {
+            let msg = format!(
+                "cast cannot be followed by {}",
+                match with_postfix.kind {
+                    ExprKind::Index(..) => "indexing",
+                    ExprKind::Try(_) => "`?`",
+                    ExprKind::Field(_, _) => "a field access",
+                    ExprKind::MethodCall(_) => "a method call",
+                    ExprKind::Call(_, _) => "a function call",
+                    ExprKind::Await(_, _) => "`.await`",
+                    ExprKind::Use(_, _) => "`.use`",
+                    ExprKind::Yield(YieldKind::Postfix(_)) => "`.yield`",
+                    ExprKind::Match(_, _, MatchKind::Postfix) => "a postfix match",
+                    ExprKind::Err(_) => return Ok(with_postfix),
+                    _ => unreachable!(
+                        "did not expect {:?} as an illegal postfix operator following cast",
+                        with_postfix.kind
+                    ),
+                }
+            );
+            let mut err = self.dcx().struct_span_err(span, msg);
+
+            let suggest_parens = |err: &mut Diag<'_>| {
+                let suggestions = vec![
+                    (span.shrink_to_lo(), "(".to_string()),
+                    (span.shrink_to_hi(), ")".to_string()),
+                ];
+                err.multipart_suggestion(
+                    "try surrounding the expression in parentheses",
+                    suggestions,
+                    Applicability::MachineApplicable,
+                );
+            };
+
+            suggest_parens(&mut err);
+
+            err.emit();
+        };
+        Ok(with_postfix)
+    }
+
+    /// Parse `& mut? <expr>` or `& raw [ const | mut ] <expr>`.
+    fn parse_expr_borrow(&mut self, lo: Span) -> PResult<'a, (Span, ExprKind)> {
+        self.expect_and()?;
+        let has_lifetime = self.token.is_lifetime() && self.look_ahead(1, |t| t != &token::Colon);
+        let lifetime = has_lifetime.then(|| self.expect_lifetime()); // For recovery, see below.
+        let (borrow_kind, mutbl) = self.parse_borrow_modifiers();
+        let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+        let expr = if self.token.is_range_separator() {
+            self.parse_expr_prefix_range(attrs)
+        } else {
+            self.parse_expr_prefix(attrs)
+        }?;
+        let hi = self.interpolated_or_expr_span(&expr);
+        let span = lo.to(hi);
+        if let Some(lt) = lifetime {
+            self.error_remove_borrow_lifetime(span, lt.ident.span.until(expr.span));
+        }
+
+        // Add expected tokens if we parsed `&raw` as an expression.
+        // This will make sure we see "expected `const`, `mut`", and
+        // guides recovery in case we write `&raw expr`.
+        if borrow_kind == ast::BorrowKind::Ref
+            && mutbl == ast::Mutability::Not
+            && matches!(&expr.kind, ExprKind::Path(None, p) if *p == kw::Raw)
+        {
+            self.expected_token_types.insert(TokenType::KwMut);
+            self.expected_token_types.insert(TokenType::KwConst);
+        }
+
+        Ok((span, ExprKind::AddrOf(borrow_kind, mutbl, expr)))
+    }
+
+    fn error_remove_borrow_lifetime(&self, span: Span, lt_span: Span) {
+        self.dcx().emit_err(errors::LifetimeInBorrowExpression { span, lifetime_span: lt_span });
+    }
+
+    /// Parse `mut?` or `[ raw | pin ] [ const | mut ]`.
+    fn parse_borrow_modifiers(&mut self) -> (ast::BorrowKind, ast::Mutability) {
+        if self.check_keyword(exp!(Raw)) && self.look_ahead(1, Token::is_mutability) {
+            // `raw [ const | mut ]`.
+            let found_raw = self.eat_keyword(exp!(Raw));
+            assert!(found_raw);
+            let mutability = self.parse_const_or_mut().unwrap();
+            (ast::BorrowKind::Raw, mutability)
+        } else if let Some((ast::Pinnedness::Pinned, mutbl)) = self.parse_pin_and_mut() {
+            // `pin [ const | mut ]`.
+            // `pin` has been gated in `self.parse_pin_and_mut()` so we don't
+            // need to gate it here.
+            (ast::BorrowKind::Pin, mutbl)
+        } else {
+            // `mut?`
+            (ast::BorrowKind::Ref, self.parse_mutability())
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Parses `a.b` or `a(13)` or `a[4]` or just `a`.
+    fn parse_expr_dot_or_call(&mut self, attrs: AttrWrapper) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        self.collect_tokens_for_expr(attrs, |this, attrs| {
+            let base = this.parse_expr_bottom()?;
+            let span = this.interpolated_or_expr_span(&base);
+            this.parse_expr_dot_or_call_with(attrs, base, span)
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn parse_expr_dot_or_call_with(
+        &mut self,
+        mut attrs: ast::AttrVec,
+        mut e: P<Expr>,
+        lo: Span,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let mut res = ensure_sufficient_stack(|| {
+            loop {
+                let has_question =
+                    if self.prev_token == TokenKind::Ident(kw::Return, IdentIsRaw::No) {
+                        // We are using noexpect here because we don't expect a `?` directly after
+                        // a `return` which could be suggested otherwise.
+                        self.eat_noexpect(&token::Question)
+                    } else {
+                        self.eat(exp!(Question))
+                    };
+                if has_question {
+                    // `expr?`
+                    e = self.mk_expr(lo.to(self.prev_token.span), ExprKind::Try(e));
+                    continue;
+                }
+                let has_dot = if self.prev_token == TokenKind::Ident(kw::Return, IdentIsRaw::No) {
+                    // We are using noexpect here because we don't expect a `.` directly after
+                    // a `return` which could be suggested otherwise.
+                    self.eat_noexpect(&token::Dot)
+                } else if self.token == TokenKind::RArrow && self.may_recover() {
+                    // Recovery for `expr->suffix`.
+                    self.bump();
+                    let span = self.prev_token.span;
+                    self.dcx().emit_err(errors::ExprRArrowCall { span });
+                    true
+                } else {
+                    self.eat(exp!(Dot))
+                };
+                if has_dot {
+                    // expr.f
+                    e = self.parse_dot_suffix_expr(lo, e)?;
+                    continue;
+                }
+                if self.expr_is_complete(&e) {
+                    return Ok(e);
+                }
+                e = match self.token.kind {
+                    token::OpenParen => self.parse_expr_fn_call(lo, e),
+                    token::OpenBracket => self.parse_expr_index(lo, e)?,
+                    _ => return Ok(e),
+                }
+            }
+        });
+
+        // Stitch the list of outer attributes onto the return value. A little
+        // bit ugly, but the best way given the current code structure.
+        if !attrs.is_empty()
+            && let Ok(expr) = &mut res
+        {
+            mem::swap(&mut expr.attrs, &mut attrs);
+            expr.attrs.extend(attrs)
+        }
+        res
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn parse_dot_suffix_expr(
+        &mut self,
+        lo: Span,
+        base: P<Expr>,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        // At this point we've consumed something like `expr.` and `self.token` holds the token
+        // after the dot.
+        match self.token.uninterpolate().kind {
+            token::Ident(..) => self.parse_dot_suffix(base, lo),
+            token::Literal(token::Lit { kind: token::Integer, symbol, suffix }) => {
+                let ident_span = self.token.span;
+                self.bump();
+                Ok(self.mk_expr_tuple_field_access(lo, ident_span, base, symbol, suffix))
+            }
+            token::Literal(token::Lit { kind: token::Float, symbol, suffix }) => {
+                Ok(match self.break_up_float(symbol, self.token.span) {
+                    // 1e2
+                    DestructuredFloat::Single(sym, _sp) => {
+                        // `foo.1e2`: a single complete dot access, fully consumed. We end up with
+                        // the `1e2` token in `self.prev_token` and the following token in
+                        // `self.token`.
+                        let ident_span = self.token.span;
+                        self.bump();
+                        self.mk_expr_tuple_field_access(lo, ident_span, base, sym, suffix)
+                    }
+                    // 1.
+                    DestructuredFloat::TrailingDot(sym, ident_span, dot_span) => {
+                        // `foo.1.`: a single complete dot access and the start of another.
+                        // We end up with the `sym` (`1`) token in `self.prev_token` and a dot in
+                        // `self.token`.
+                        assert!(suffix.is_none());
+                        self.token = Token::new(token::Ident(sym, IdentIsRaw::No), ident_span);
+                        self.bump_with((Token::new(token::Dot, dot_span), self.token_spacing));
+                        self.mk_expr_tuple_field_access(lo, ident_span, base, sym, None)
+                    }
+                    // 1.2 | 1.2e3
+                    DestructuredFloat::MiddleDot(
+                        sym1,
+                        ident1_span,
+                        _dot_span,
+                        sym2,
+                        ident2_span,
+                    ) => {
+                        // `foo.1.2` (or `foo.1.2e3`): two complete dot accesses. We end up with
+                        // the `sym2` (`2` or `2e3`) token in `self.prev_token` and the following
+                        // token in `self.token`.
+                        let next_token2 =
+                            Token::new(token::Ident(sym2, IdentIsRaw::No), ident2_span);
+                        self.bump_with((next_token2, self.token_spacing));
+                        self.bump();
+                        let base1 =
+                            self.mk_expr_tuple_field_access(lo, ident1_span, base, sym1, None);
+                        self.mk_expr_tuple_field_access(lo, ident2_span, base1, sym2, suffix)
+                    }
+                    DestructuredFloat::Error => base,
+                })
+            }
+            _ => {
+                self.error_unexpected_after_dot();
+                Ok(base)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn error_unexpected_after_dot(&self) {
+        let actual = super::token_descr(&self.token);
+        let span = self.token.span;
+        let sm = self.psess.source_map();
+        let (span, actual) = match (&self.token.kind, self.subparser_name) {
+            (token::Eof, Some(_)) if let Ok(snippet) = sm.span_to_snippet(sm.next_point(span)) => {
+                (span.shrink_to_hi(), format!("`{}`", snippet))
+            }
+            (token::CloseInvisible(InvisibleOrigin::MetaVar(_)), _) => {
+                // No need to report an error. This case will only occur when parsing a pasted
+                // metavariable, and we should have emitted an error when parsing the macro call in
+                // the first place. E.g. in this code:
+                // ```
+                // macro_rules! m { ($e:expr) => { $e }; }
+                //
+                // fn main() {
+                //     let f = 1;
+                //     m!(f.);
+                // }
+                // ```
+                // we'll get an error "unexpected token: `)` when parsing the `m!(f.)`, so we don't
+                // want to issue a second error when parsing the expansion `«f.»` (where `«`/`»`
+                // represent the invisible delimiters).
+                self.dcx().span_delayed_bug(span, "bad dot expr in metavariable");
+                return;
+            }
+            _ => (span, actual),
+        };
+        self.dcx().emit_err(errors::UnexpectedTokenAfterDot { span, actual });
+    }
+
+    /// We need an identifier or integer, but the next token is a float.
+    /// Break the float into components to extract the identifier or integer.
+    ///
+    /// See also [`TokenKind::break_two_token_op`] which does similar splitting of `>>` into `>`.
+    //
+    // FIXME: With current `TokenCursor` it's hard to break tokens into more than 2
+    //  parts unless those parts are processed immediately. `TokenCursor` should either
+    //  support pushing "future tokens" (would be also helpful to `break_and_eat`), or
+    //  we should break everything including floats into more basic proc-macro style
+    //  tokens in the lexer (probably preferable).
+    pub(super) fn break_up_float(&self, float: Symbol, span: Span) -> DestructuredFloat {
+        #[derive(Debug)]
+        enum FloatComponent {
+            IdentLike(String),
+            Punct(char),
+        }
+        use FloatComponent::*;
+
+        let float_str = float.as_str();
+        let mut components = Vec::new();
+        let mut ident_like = String::new();
+        for c in float_str.chars() {
+            if c == '_' || c.is_ascii_alphanumeric() {
+                ident_like.push(c);
+            } else if matches!(c, '.' | '+' | '-') {
+                if !ident_like.is_empty() {
+                    components.push(IdentLike(mem::take(&mut ident_like)));
+                }
+                components.push(Punct(c));
+            } else {
+                panic!("unexpected character in a float token: {c:?}")
+            }
+        }
+        if !ident_like.is_empty() {
+            components.push(IdentLike(ident_like));
+        }
+
+        // With proc macros the span can refer to anything, the source may be too short,
+        // or too long, or non-ASCII. It only makes sense to break our span into components
+        // if its underlying text is identical to our float literal.
+        let can_take_span_apart =
+            || self.span_to_snippet(span).as_deref() == Ok(float_str).as_deref();
+
+        match &*components {
+            // 1e2
+            [IdentLike(i)] => {
+                DestructuredFloat::Single(Symbol::intern(i), span)
+            }
+            // 1.
+            [IdentLike(left), Punct('.')] => {
+                let (left_span, dot_span) = if can_take_span_apart() {
+                    let left_span = span.with_hi(span.lo() + BytePos::from_usize(left.len()));
+                    let dot_span = span.with_lo(left_span.hi());
+                    (left_span, dot_span)
+                } else {
+                    (span, span)
+                };
+                let left = Symbol::intern(left);
+                DestructuredFloat::TrailingDot(left, left_span, dot_span)
+            }
+            // 1.2 | 1.2e3
+            [IdentLike(left), Punct('.'), IdentLike(right)] => {
+                let (left_span, dot_span, right_span) = if can_take_span_apart() {
+                    let left_span = span.with_hi(span.lo() + BytePos::from_usize(left.len()));
+                    let dot_span = span.with_lo(left_span.hi()).with_hi(left_span.hi() + BytePos(1));
+                    let right_span = span.with_lo(dot_span.hi());
+                    (left_span, dot_span, right_span)
+                } else {
+                    (span, span, span)
+                };
+                let left = Symbol::intern(left);
+                let right = Symbol::intern(right);
+                DestructuredFloat::MiddleDot(left, left_span, dot_span, right, right_span)
+            }
+            // 1e+ | 1e- (recovered)
+            [IdentLike(_), Punct('+' | '-')] |
+            // 1e+2 | 1e-2
+            [IdentLike(_), Punct('+' | '-'), IdentLike(_)] |
+            // 1.2e+ | 1.2e-
+            [IdentLike(_), Punct('.'), IdentLike(_), Punct('+' | '-')] |
+            // 1.2e+3 | 1.2e-3
+            [IdentLike(_), Punct('.'), IdentLike(_), Punct('+' | '-'), IdentLike(_)] => {
+                // See the FIXME about `TokenCursor` above.
+                self.error_unexpected_after_dot();
+                DestructuredFloat::Error
+            }
+            _ => panic!("unexpected components in a float token: {components:?}"),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Parse the field access used in offset_of, matched by `$(e:expr)+`.
+    /// Currently returns a list of idents. However, it should be possible in
+    /// future to also do array indices, which might be arbitrary expressions.
+    fn parse_floating_field_access(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, Vec<Ident>> {
+        let mut fields = Vec::new();
+        let mut trailing_dot = None;
+
+        loop {
+            // This is expected to use a metavariable $(args:expr)+, but the builtin syntax
+            // could be called directly. Calling `parse_expr` allows this function to only
+            // consider `Expr`s.
+            let expr = self.parse_expr()?;
+            let mut current = &expr;
+            let start_idx = fields.len();
+            loop {
+                match current.kind {
+                    ExprKind::Field(ref left, right) => {
+                        // Field access is read right-to-left.
+                        fields.insert(start_idx, right);
+                        trailing_dot = None;
+                        current = left;
+                    }
+                    // Parse this both to give helpful error messages and to
+                    // verify it can be done with this parser setup.
+                    ExprKind::Index(ref left, ref _right, span) => {
+                        self.dcx().emit_err(errors::ArrayIndexInOffsetOf(span));
+                        current = left;
+                    }
+                    ExprKind::Lit(token::Lit {
+                        kind: token::Float | token::Integer,
+                        symbol,
+                        suffix,
+                    }) => {
+                        if let Some(suffix) = suffix {
+                            self.expect_no_tuple_index_suffix(current.span, suffix);
+                        }
+                        match self.break_up_float(symbol, current.span) {
+                            // 1e2
+                            DestructuredFloat::Single(sym, sp) => {
+                                trailing_dot = None;
+                                fields.insert(start_idx, Ident::new(sym, sp));
+                            }
+                            // 1.
+                            DestructuredFloat::TrailingDot(sym, sym_span, dot_span) => {
+                                assert!(suffix.is_none());
+                                trailing_dot = Some(dot_span);
+                                fields.insert(start_idx, Ident::new(sym, sym_span));
+                            }
+                            // 1.2 | 1.2e3
+                            DestructuredFloat::MiddleDot(
+                                symbol1,
+                                span1,
+                                _dot_span,
+                                symbol2,
+                                span2,
+                            ) => {
+                                trailing_dot = None;
+                                fields.insert(start_idx, Ident::new(symbol2, span2));
+                                fields.insert(start_idx, Ident::new(symbol1, span1));
+                            }
+                            DestructuredFloat::Error => {
+                                trailing_dot = None;
+                                fields.insert(start_idx, Ident::new(symbol, self.prev_token.span));
+                            }
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    ExprKind::Path(None, Path { ref segments, .. }) => {
+                        match &segments[..] {
+                            [PathSegment { ident, args: None, .. }] => {
+                                trailing_dot = None;
+                                fields.insert(start_idx, *ident)
+                            }
+                            _ => {
+                                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidOffsetOf(current.span));
+                                break;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        break;
+                    }
+                    _ => {
+                        self.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidOffsetOf(current.span));
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if self.token.kind.close_delim().is_some() || self.token.kind == token::Comma {
+                break;
+            } else if trailing_dot.is_none() {
+                // This loop should only repeat if there is a trailing dot.
+                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidOffsetOf(self.token.span));
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if let Some(dot) = trailing_dot {
+            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidOffsetOf(dot));
+        }
+        Ok(fields.into_iter().collect())
+    }
+
+    fn mk_expr_tuple_field_access(
+        &self,
+        lo: Span,
+        ident_span: Span,
+        base: P<Expr>,
+        field: Symbol,
+        suffix: Option<Symbol>,
+    ) -> P<Expr> {
+        if let Some(suffix) = suffix {
+            self.expect_no_tuple_index_suffix(ident_span, suffix);
+        }
+        self.mk_expr(lo.to(ident_span), ExprKind::Field(base, Ident::new(field, ident_span)))
+    }
+
+    /// Parse a function call expression, `expr(...)`.
+    fn parse_expr_fn_call(&mut self, lo: Span, fun: P<Expr>) -> P<Expr> {
+        let snapshot = if self.token == token::OpenParen {
+            Some((self.create_snapshot_for_diagnostic(), fun.kind.clone()))
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+        let open_paren = self.token.span;
+
+        let seq = self
+            .parse_expr_paren_seq()
+            .map(|args| self.mk_expr(lo.to(self.prev_token.span), self.mk_call(fun, args)));
+        match self.maybe_recover_struct_lit_bad_delims(lo, open_paren, seq, snapshot) {
+            Ok(expr) => expr,
+            Err(err) => self.recover_seq_parse_error(exp!(OpenParen), exp!(CloseParen), lo, err),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// If we encounter a parser state that looks like the user has written a `struct` literal with
+    /// parentheses instead of braces, recover the parser state and provide suggestions.
+    #[instrument(skip(self, seq, snapshot), level = "trace")]
+    fn maybe_recover_struct_lit_bad_delims(
+        &mut self,
+        lo: Span,
+        open_paren: Span,
+        seq: PResult<'a, P<Expr>>,
+        snapshot: Option<(SnapshotParser<'a>, ExprKind)>,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        match (self.may_recover(), seq, snapshot) {
+            (true, Err(err), Some((mut snapshot, ExprKind::Path(None, path)))) => {
+                snapshot.bump(); // `(`
+                match snapshot.parse_struct_fields(path.clone(), false, exp!(CloseParen)) {
+                    Ok((fields, ..)) if snapshot.eat(exp!(CloseParen)) => {
+                        // We are certain we have `Enum::Foo(a: 3, b: 4)`, suggest
+                        // `Enum::Foo { a: 3, b: 4 }` or `Enum::Foo(3, 4)`.
+                        self.restore_snapshot(snapshot);
+                        let close_paren = self.prev_token.span;
+                        let span = lo.to(close_paren);
+                        // filter shorthand fields
+                        let fields: Vec<_> =
+                            fields.into_iter().filter(|field| !field.is_shorthand).collect();
+
+                        let guar = if !fields.is_empty() &&
+                            // `token.kind` should not be compared here.
+                            // This is because the `snapshot.token.kind` is treated as the same as
+                            // that of the open delim in `TokenTreesReader::parse_token_tree`, even
+                            // if they are different.
+                            self.span_to_snippet(close_paren).is_ok_and(|snippet| snippet == ")")
+                        {
+                            err.cancel();
+                            self.dcx()
+                                .create_err(errors::ParenthesesWithStructFields {
+                                    span,
+                                    r#type: path,
+                                    braces_for_struct: errors::BracesForStructLiteral {
+                                        first: open_paren,
+                                        second: close_paren,
+                                    },
+                                    no_fields_for_fn: errors::NoFieldsForFnCall {
+                                        fields: fields
+                                            .into_iter()
+                                            .map(|field| field.span.until(field.expr.span))
+                                            .collect(),
+                                    },
+                                })
+                                .emit()
+                        } else {
+                            err.emit()
+                        };
+                        Ok(self.mk_expr_err(span, guar))
+                    }
+                    Ok(_) => Err(err),
+                    Err(err2) => {
+                        err2.cancel();
+                        Err(err)
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            (_, seq, _) => seq,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Parse an indexing expression `expr[...]`.
+    fn parse_expr_index(&mut self, lo: Span, base: P<Expr>) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let prev_span = self.prev_token.span;
+        let open_delim_span = self.token.span;
+        self.bump(); // `[`
+        let index = self.parse_expr()?;
+        self.suggest_missing_semicolon_before_array(prev_span, open_delim_span)?;
+        self.expect(exp!(CloseBracket))?;
+        Ok(self.mk_expr(
+            lo.to(self.prev_token.span),
+            self.mk_index(base, index, open_delim_span.to(self.prev_token.span)),
+        ))
+    }
+
+    /// Assuming we have just parsed `.`, continue parsing into an expression.
+    fn parse_dot_suffix(&mut self, self_arg: P<Expr>, lo: Span) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        if self.token_uninterpolated_span().at_least_rust_2018() && self.eat_keyword(exp!(Await)) {
+            return Ok(self.mk_await_expr(self_arg, lo));
+        }
+
+        if self.eat_keyword(exp!(Use)) {
+            let use_span = self.prev_token.span;
+            self.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::ergonomic_clones, use_span);
+            return Ok(self.mk_use_expr(self_arg, lo));
+        }
+
+        // Post-fix match
+        if self.eat_keyword(exp!(Match)) {
+            let match_span = self.prev_token.span;
+            self.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::postfix_match, match_span);
+            return self.parse_match_block(lo, match_span, self_arg, MatchKind::Postfix);
+        }
+
+        // Parse a postfix `yield`.
+        if self.eat_keyword(exp!(Yield)) {
+            let yield_span = self.prev_token.span;
+            self.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::yield_expr, yield_span);
+            return Ok(
+                self.mk_expr(lo.to(yield_span), ExprKind::Yield(YieldKind::Postfix(self_arg)))
+            );
+        }
+
+        let fn_span_lo = self.token.span;
+        let mut seg = self.parse_path_segment(PathStyle::Expr, None)?;
+        self.check_trailing_angle_brackets(&seg, &[exp!(OpenParen)]);
+        self.check_turbofish_missing_angle_brackets(&mut seg);
+
+        if self.check(exp!(OpenParen)) {
+            // Method call `expr.f()`
+            let args = self.parse_expr_paren_seq()?;
+            let fn_span = fn_span_lo.to(self.prev_token.span);
+            let span = lo.to(self.prev_token.span);
+            Ok(self.mk_expr(
+                span,
+                ExprKind::MethodCall(Box::new(ast::MethodCall {
+                    seg,
+                    receiver: self_arg,
+                    args,
+                    span: fn_span,
+                })),
+            ))
+        } else {
+            // Field access `expr.f`
+            let span = lo.to(self.prev_token.span);
+            if let Some(args) = seg.args {
+                // See `StashKey::GenericInFieldExpr` for more info on why we stash this.
+                self.dcx()
+                    .create_err(errors::FieldExpressionWithGeneric(args.span()))
+                    .stash(seg.ident.span, StashKey::GenericInFieldExpr);
+            }
+
+            Ok(self.mk_expr(span, ExprKind::Field(self_arg, seg.ident)))
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// At the bottom (top?) of the precedence hierarchy,
+    /// Parses things like parenthesized exprs, macros, `return`, etc.
+    ///
+    /// N.B., this does not parse outer attributes, and is private because it only works
+    /// correctly if called from `parse_expr_dot_or_call`.
+    fn parse_expr_bottom(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        maybe_recover_from_interpolated_ty_qpath!(self, true);
+
+        let span = self.token.span;
+        if let Some(expr) = self.eat_metavar_seq_with_matcher(
+            |mv_kind| matches!(mv_kind, MetaVarKind::Expr { .. }),
+            |this| {
+                // Force collection (as opposed to just `parse_expr`) is required to avoid the
+                // attribute duplication seen in #138478.
+                let expr = this.parse_expr_force_collect();
+                // FIXME(nnethercote) Sometimes with expressions we get a trailing comma, possibly
+                // related to the FIXME in `collect_tokens_for_expr`. Examples are the multi-line
+                // `assert_eq!` calls involving arguments annotated with `#[rustfmt::skip]` in
+                // `compiler/rustc_index/src/bit_set/tests.rs`.
+                if this.token.kind == token::Comma {
+                    this.bump();
+                }
+                expr
+            },
+        ) {
+            return Ok(expr);
+        } else if let Some(lit) =
+            self.eat_metavar_seq(MetaVarKind::Literal, |this| this.parse_literal_maybe_minus())
+        {
+            return Ok(lit);
+        } else if let Some(block) =
+            self.eat_metavar_seq(MetaVarKind::Block, |this| this.parse_block())
+        {
+            return Ok(self.mk_expr(span, ExprKind::Block(block, None)));
+        } else if let Some(path) =
+            self.eat_metavar_seq(MetaVarKind::Path, |this| this.parse_path(PathStyle::Type))
+        {
+            return Ok(self.mk_expr(span, ExprKind::Path(None, path)));
+        }
+
+        // Outer attributes are already parsed and will be
+        // added to the return value after the fact.
+
+        let restrictions = self.restrictions;
+        self.with_res(restrictions - Restrictions::ALLOW_LET, |this| {
+            // Note: adding new syntax here? Don't forget to adjust `TokenKind::can_begin_expr()`.
+            let lo = this.token.span;
+            if let token::Literal(_) = this.token.kind {
+                // This match arm is a special-case of the `_` match arm below and
+                // could be removed without changing functionality, but it's faster
+                // to have it here, especially for programs with large constants.
+                this.parse_expr_lit()
+            } else if this.check(exp!(OpenParen)) {
+                this.parse_expr_tuple_parens(restrictions)
+            } else if this.check(exp!(OpenBrace)) {
+                this.parse_expr_block(None, lo, BlockCheckMode::Default)
+            } else if this.check(exp!(Or)) || this.check(exp!(OrOr)) {
+                this.parse_expr_closure().map_err(|mut err| {
+                    // If the input is something like `if a { 1 } else { 2 } | if a { 3 } else { 4 }`
+                    // then suggest parens around the lhs.
+                    if let Some(sp) = this.psess.ambiguous_block_expr_parse.borrow().get(&lo) {
+                        err.subdiagnostic(ExprParenthesesNeeded::surrounding(*sp));
+                    }
+                    err
+                })
+            } else if this.check(exp!(OpenBracket)) {
+                this.parse_expr_array_or_repeat(exp!(CloseBracket))
+            } else if this.is_builtin() {
+                this.parse_expr_builtin()
+            } else if this.check_path() {
+                this.parse_expr_path_start()
+            } else if this.check_keyword(exp!(Move))
+                || this.check_keyword(exp!(Use))
+                || this.check_keyword(exp!(Static))
+                || this.check_const_closure()
+            {
+                this.parse_expr_closure()
+            } else if this.eat_keyword(exp!(If)) {
+                this.parse_expr_if()
+            } else if this.check_keyword(exp!(For)) {
+                if this.choose_generics_over_qpath(1) {
+                    this.parse_expr_closure()
+                } else {
+                    assert!(this.eat_keyword(exp!(For)));
+                    this.parse_expr_for(None, lo)
+                }
+            } else if this.eat_keyword(exp!(While)) {
+                this.parse_expr_while(None, lo)
+            } else if let Some(label) = this.eat_label() {
+                this.parse_expr_labeled(label, true)
+            } else if this.eat_keyword(exp!(Loop)) {
+                this.parse_expr_loop(None, lo).map_err(|mut err| {
+                    err.span_label(lo, "while parsing this `loop` expression");
+                    err
+                })
+            } else if this.eat_keyword(exp!(Match)) {
+                this.parse_expr_match().map_err(|mut err| {
+                    err.span_label(lo, "while parsing this `match` expression");
+                    err
+                })
+            } else if this.eat_keyword(exp!(Unsafe)) {
+                this.parse_expr_block(None, lo, BlockCheckMode::Unsafe(ast::UserProvided)).map_err(
+                    |mut err| {
+                        err.span_label(lo, "while parsing this `unsafe` expression");
+                        err
+                    },
+                )
+            } else if this.check_inline_const(0) {
+                this.parse_const_block(lo, false)
+            } else if this.may_recover() && this.is_do_catch_block() {
+                this.recover_do_catch()
+            } else if this.is_try_block() {
+                this.expect_keyword(exp!(Try))?;
+                this.parse_try_block(lo)
+            } else if this.eat_keyword(exp!(Return)) {
+                this.parse_expr_return()
+            } else if this.eat_keyword(exp!(Continue)) {
+                this.parse_expr_continue(lo)
+            } else if this.eat_keyword(exp!(Break)) {
+                this.parse_expr_break()
+            } else if this.eat_keyword(exp!(Yield)) {
+                this.parse_expr_yield()
+            } else if this.is_do_yeet() {
+                this.parse_expr_yeet()
+            } else if this.eat_keyword(exp!(Become)) {
+                this.parse_expr_become()
+            } else if this.check_keyword(exp!(Let)) {
+                this.parse_expr_let(restrictions)
+            } else if this.eat_keyword(exp!(Underscore)) {
+                Ok(this.mk_expr(this.prev_token.span, ExprKind::Underscore))
+            } else if this.token_uninterpolated_span().at_least_rust_2018() {
+                // `Span::at_least_rust_2018()` is somewhat expensive; don't get it repeatedly.
+                let at_async = this.check_keyword(exp!(Async));
+                // check for `gen {}` and `gen move {}`
+                // or `async gen {}` and `async gen move {}`
+                // FIXME: (async) gen closures aren't yet parsed.
+                // FIXME(gen_blocks): Parse `gen async` and suggest swap
+                if this.token_uninterpolated_span().at_least_rust_2024()
+                    && this.is_gen_block(kw::Gen, at_async as usize)
+                {
+                    this.parse_gen_block()
+                // Check for `async {` and `async move {`,
+                } else if this.is_gen_block(kw::Async, 0) {
+                    this.parse_gen_block()
+                } else if at_async {
+                    this.parse_expr_closure()
+                } else if this.eat_keyword_noexpect(kw::Await) {
+                    this.recover_incorrect_await_syntax(lo)
+                } else {
+                    this.parse_expr_lit()
+                }
+            } else {
+                this.parse_expr_lit()
+            }
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn parse_expr_lit(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let lo = self.token.span;
+        match self.parse_opt_token_lit() {
+            Some((token_lit, _)) => {
+                let expr = self.mk_expr(lo.to(self.prev_token.span), ExprKind::Lit(token_lit));
+                self.maybe_recover_from_bad_qpath(expr)
+            }
+            None => self.try_macro_suggestion(),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn parse_expr_tuple_parens(&mut self, restrictions: Restrictions) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let lo = self.token.span;
+        self.expect(exp!(OpenParen))?;
+        let (es, trailing_comma) = match self.parse_seq_to_end(
+            exp!(CloseParen),
+            SeqSep::trailing_allowed(exp!(Comma)),
+            |p| p.parse_expr_catch_underscore(restrictions.intersection(Restrictions::ALLOW_LET)),
+        ) {
+            Ok(x) => x,
+            Err(err) => {
+                return Ok(self.recover_seq_parse_error(
+                    exp!(OpenParen),
+                    exp!(CloseParen),
+                    lo,
+                    err,
+                ));
+            }
+        };
+        let kind = if es.len() == 1 && matches!(trailing_comma, Trailing::No) {
+            // `(e)` is parenthesized `e`.
+            ExprKind::Paren(es.into_iter().next().unwrap())
+        } else {
+            // `(e,)` is a tuple with only one field, `e`.
+            ExprKind::Tup(es)
+        };
+        let expr = self.mk_expr(lo.to(self.prev_token.span), kind);
+        self.maybe_recover_from_bad_qpath(expr)
+    }
+
+    fn parse_expr_array_or_repeat(&mut self, close: ExpTokenPair<'_>) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let lo = self.token.span;
+        self.bump(); // `[` or other open delim
+
+        let kind = if self.eat(close) {
+            // Empty vector
+            ExprKind::Array(ThinVec::new())
+        } else {
+            // Non-empty vector
+            let first_expr = self.parse_expr()?;
+            if self.eat(exp!(Semi)) {
+                // Repeating array syntax: `[ 0; 512 ]`
+                let count = self.parse_expr_anon_const()?;
+                self.expect(close)?;
+                ExprKind::Repeat(first_expr, count)
+            } else if self.eat(exp!(Comma)) {
+                // Vector with two or more elements.
+                let sep = SeqSep::trailing_allowed(exp!(Comma));
+                let (mut exprs, _) = self.parse_seq_to_end(close, sep, |p| p.parse_expr())?;
+                exprs.insert(0, first_expr);
+                ExprKind::Array(exprs)
+            } else {
+                // Vector with one element
+                self.expect(close)?;
+                ExprKind::Array(thin_vec![first_expr])
+            }
+        };
+        let expr = self.mk_expr(lo.to(self.prev_token.span), kind);
+        self.maybe_recover_from_bad_qpath(expr)
+    }
+
+    fn parse_expr_path_start(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let maybe_eq_tok = self.prev_token;
+        let (qself, path) = if self.eat_lt() {
+            let lt_span = self.prev_token.span;
+            let (qself, path) = self.parse_qpath(PathStyle::Expr).map_err(|mut err| {
+                // Suggests using '<=' if there is an error parsing qpath when the previous token
+                // is an '=' token. Only emits suggestion if the '<' token and '=' token are
+                // directly adjacent (i.e. '=<')
+                if maybe_eq_tok == TokenKind::Eq && maybe_eq_tok.span.hi() == lt_span.lo() {
+                    let eq_lt = maybe_eq_tok.span.to(lt_span);
+                    err.span_suggestion(eq_lt, "did you mean", "<=", Applicability::Unspecified);
+                }
+                err
+            })?;
+            (Some(qself), path)
+        } else {
+            (None, self.parse_path(PathStyle::Expr)?)
+        };
+
+        // `!`, as an operator, is prefix, so we know this isn't that.
+        let (span, kind) = if self.eat(exp!(Bang)) {
+            // MACRO INVOCATION expression
+            if qself.is_some() {
+                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::MacroInvocationWithQualifiedPath(path.span));
+            }
+            let lo = path.span;
+            let mac = P(MacCall { path, args: self.parse_delim_args()? });
+            (lo.to(self.prev_token.span), ExprKind::MacCall(mac))
+        } else if self.check(exp!(OpenBrace))
+            && let Some(expr) = self.maybe_parse_struct_expr(&qself, &path)
+        {
+            if qself.is_some() {
+                self.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::more_qualified_paths, path.span);
+            }
+            return expr;
+        } else {
+            (path.span, ExprKind::Path(qself, path))
+        };
+
+        let expr = self.mk_expr(span, kind);
+        self.maybe_recover_from_bad_qpath(expr)
+    }
+
+    /// Parse `'label: $expr`. The label is already parsed.
+    pub(super) fn parse_expr_labeled(
+        &mut self,
+        label_: Label,
+        mut consume_colon: bool,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let lo = label_.ident.span;
+        let label = Some(label_);
+        let ate_colon = self.eat(exp!(Colon));
+        let tok_sp = self.token.span;
+        let expr = if self.eat_keyword(exp!(While)) {
+            self.parse_expr_while(label, lo)
+        } else if self.eat_keyword(exp!(For)) {
+            self.parse_expr_for(label, lo)
+        } else if self.eat_keyword(exp!(Loop)) {
+            self.parse_expr_loop(label, lo)
+        } else if self.check_noexpect(&token::OpenBrace) || self.token.is_metavar_block() {
+            self.parse_expr_block(label, lo, BlockCheckMode::Default)
+        } else if !ate_colon
+            && self.may_recover()
+            && (self.token.kind.close_delim().is_some() || self.token.is_punct())
+            && could_be_unclosed_char_literal(label_.ident)
+        {
+            let (lit, _) =
+                self.recover_unclosed_char(label_.ident, Parser::mk_token_lit_char, |self_| {
+                    self_.dcx().create_err(errors::UnexpectedTokenAfterLabel {
+                        span: self_.token.span,
+                        remove_label: None,
+                        enclose_in_block: None,
+                    })
+                });
+            consume_colon = false;
+            Ok(self.mk_expr(lo, ExprKind::Lit(lit)))
+        } else if !ate_colon
+            && (self.check_noexpect(&TokenKind::Comma) || self.check_noexpect(&TokenKind::Gt))
+        {
+            // We're probably inside of a `Path<'a>` that needs a turbofish
+            let guar = self.dcx().emit_err(errors::UnexpectedTokenAfterLabel {
+                span: self.token.span,
+                remove_label: None,
+                enclose_in_block: None,
+            });
+            consume_colon = false;
+            Ok(self.mk_expr_err(lo, guar))
+        } else {
+            let mut err = errors::UnexpectedTokenAfterLabel {
+                span: self.token.span,
+                remove_label: None,
+                enclose_in_block: None,
+            };
+
+            // Continue as an expression in an effort to recover on `'label: non_block_expr`.
+            let expr = self.parse_expr().map(|expr| {
+                let span = expr.span;
+
+                let found_labeled_breaks = {
+                    struct FindLabeledBreaksVisitor;
+
+                    impl<'ast> Visitor<'ast> for FindLabeledBreaksVisitor {
+                        type Result = ControlFlow<()>;
+                        fn visit_expr(&mut self, ex: &'ast Expr) -> ControlFlow<()> {
+                            if let ExprKind::Break(Some(_label), _) = ex.kind {
+                                ControlFlow::Break(())
+                            } else {
+                                walk_expr(self, ex)
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    FindLabeledBreaksVisitor.visit_expr(&expr).is_break()
+                };
+
+                // Suggestion involves adding a labeled block.
+                //
+                // If there are no breaks that may use this label, suggest removing the label and
+                // recover to the unmodified expression.
+                if !found_labeled_breaks {
+                    err.remove_label = Some(lo.until(span));
+
+                    return expr;
+                }
+
+                err.enclose_in_block = Some(errors::UnexpectedTokenAfterLabelSugg {
+                    left: span.shrink_to_lo(),
+                    right: span.shrink_to_hi(),
+                });
+
+                // Replace `'label: non_block_expr` with `'label: {non_block_expr}` in order to suppress future errors about `break 'label`.
+                let stmt = self.mk_stmt(span, StmtKind::Expr(expr));
+                let blk = self.mk_block(thin_vec![stmt], BlockCheckMode::Default, span);
+                self.mk_expr(span, ExprKind::Block(blk, label))
+            });
+
+            self.dcx().emit_err(err);
+            expr
+        }?;
+
+        if !ate_colon && consume_colon {
+            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::RequireColonAfterLabeledExpression {
+                span: expr.span,
+                label: lo,
+                label_end: lo.between(tok_sp),
+            });
+        }
+
+        Ok(expr)
+    }
+
+    /// Emit an error when a char is parsed as a lifetime or label because of a missing quote.
+    pub(super) fn recover_unclosed_char<L>(
+        &self,
+        ident: Ident,
+        mk_lit_char: impl FnOnce(Symbol, Span) -> L,
+        err: impl FnOnce(&Self) -> Diag<'a>,
+    ) -> L {
+        assert!(could_be_unclosed_char_literal(ident));
+        self.dcx()
+            .try_steal_modify_and_emit_err(ident.span, StashKey::LifetimeIsChar, |err| {
+                err.span_suggestion_verbose(
+                    ident.span.shrink_to_hi(),
+                    "add `'` to close the char literal",
+                    "'",
+                    Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
+                );
+            })
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                err(self)
+                    .with_span_suggestion_verbose(
+                        ident.span.shrink_to_hi(),
+                        "add `'` to close the char literal",
+                        "'",
+                        Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
+                    )
+                    .emit()
+            });
+        let name = ident.without_first_quote().name;
+        mk_lit_char(name, ident.span)
+    }
+
+    /// Recover on the syntax `do catch { ... }` suggesting `try { ... }` instead.
+    fn recover_do_catch(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let lo = self.token.span;
+
+        self.bump(); // `do`
+        self.bump(); // `catch`
+
+        let span = lo.to(self.prev_token.span);
+        self.dcx().emit_err(errors::DoCatchSyntaxRemoved { span });
+
+        self.parse_try_block(lo)
+    }
+
+    /// Parse an expression if the token can begin one.
+    fn parse_expr_opt(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, Option<P<Expr>>> {
+        Ok(if self.token.can_begin_expr() { Some(self.parse_expr()?) } else { None })
+    }
+
+    /// Parse `"return" expr?`.
+    fn parse_expr_return(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let lo = self.prev_token.span;
+        let kind = ExprKind::Ret(self.parse_expr_opt()?);
+        let expr = self.mk_expr(lo.to(self.prev_token.span), kind);
+        self.maybe_recover_from_bad_qpath(expr)
+    }
+
+    /// Parse `"do" "yeet" expr?`.
+    fn parse_expr_yeet(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let lo = self.token.span;
+
+        self.bump(); // `do`
+        self.bump(); // `yeet`
+
+        let kind = ExprKind::Yeet(self.parse_expr_opt()?);
+
+        let span = lo.to(self.prev_token.span);
+        self.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::yeet_expr, span);
+        let expr = self.mk_expr(span, kind);
+        self.maybe_recover_from_bad_qpath(expr)
+    }
+
+    /// Parse `"become" expr`, with `"become"` token already eaten.
+    fn parse_expr_become(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let lo = self.prev_token.span;
+        let kind = ExprKind::Become(self.parse_expr()?);
+        let span = lo.to(self.prev_token.span);
+        self.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::explicit_tail_calls, span);
+        let expr = self.mk_expr(span, kind);
+        self.maybe_recover_from_bad_qpath(expr)
+    }
+
+    /// Parse `"break" (('label (:? expr)?) | expr?)` with `"break"` token already eaten.
+    /// If the label is followed immediately by a `:` token, the label and `:` are
+    /// parsed as part of the expression (i.e. a labeled loop). The language team has
+    /// decided in #87026 to require parentheses as a visual aid to avoid confusion if
+    /// the break expression of an unlabeled break is a labeled loop (as in
+    /// `break 'lbl: loop {}`); a labeled break with an unlabeled loop as its value
+    /// expression only gets a warning for compatibility reasons; and a labeled break
+    /// with a labeled loop does not even get a warning because there is no ambiguity.
+    fn parse_expr_break(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let lo = self.prev_token.span;
+        let mut label = self.eat_label();
+        let kind = if self.token == token::Colon
+            && let Some(label) = label.take()
+        {
+            // The value expression can be a labeled loop, see issue #86948, e.g.:
+            // `loop { break 'label: loop { break 'label 42; }; }`
+            let lexpr = self.parse_expr_labeled(label, true)?;
+            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::LabeledLoopInBreak {
+                span: lexpr.span,
+                sub: errors::WrapInParentheses::Expression {
+                    left: lexpr.span.shrink_to_lo(),
+                    right: lexpr.span.shrink_to_hi(),
+                },
+            });
+            Some(lexpr)
+        } else if self.token != token::OpenBrace
+            || !self.restrictions.contains(Restrictions::NO_STRUCT_LITERAL)
+        {
+            let mut expr = self.parse_expr_opt()?;
+            if let Some(expr) = &mut expr {
+                if label.is_some()
+                    && match &expr.kind {
+                        ExprKind::While(_, _, None)
+                        | ExprKind::ForLoop { label: None, .. }
+                        | ExprKind::Loop(_, None, _) => true,
+                        ExprKind::Block(block, None) => {
+                            matches!(block.rules, BlockCheckMode::Default)
+                        }
+                        _ => false,
+                    }
+                {
+                    self.psess.buffer_lint(
+                        BREAK_WITH_LABEL_AND_LOOP,
+                        lo.to(expr.span),
+                        ast::CRATE_NODE_ID,
+                        BuiltinLintDiag::BreakWithLabelAndLoop(expr.span),
+                    );
+                }
+
+                // Recover `break label aaaaa`
+                if self.may_recover()
+                    && let ExprKind::Path(None, p) = &expr.kind
+                    && let [segment] = &*p.segments
+                    && let &ast::PathSegment { ident, args: None, .. } = segment
+                    && let Some(next) = self.parse_expr_opt()?
+                {
+                    label = Some(self.recover_ident_into_label(ident));
+                    *expr = next;
+                }
+            }
+
+            expr
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+        let expr = self.mk_expr(lo.to(self.prev_token.span), ExprKind::Break(label, kind));
+        self.maybe_recover_from_bad_qpath(expr)
+    }
+
+    /// Parse `"continue" label?`.
+    fn parse_expr_continue(&mut self, lo: Span) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let mut label = self.eat_label();
+
+        // Recover `continue label` -> `continue 'label`
+        if self.may_recover()
+            && label.is_none()
+            && let Some((ident, _)) = self.token.ident()
+        {
+            self.bump();
+            label = Some(self.recover_ident_into_label(ident));
+        }
+
+        let kind = ExprKind::Continue(label);
+        Ok(self.mk_expr(lo.to(self.prev_token.span), kind))
+    }
+
+    /// Parse `"yield" expr?`.
+    fn parse_expr_yield(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let lo = self.prev_token.span;
+        let kind = ExprKind::Yield(YieldKind::Prefix(self.parse_expr_opt()?));
+        let span = lo.to(self.prev_token.span);
+        self.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::yield_expr, span);
+        let expr = self.mk_expr(span, kind);
+        self.maybe_recover_from_bad_qpath(expr)
+    }
+
+    /// Parse `builtin # ident(args,*)`.
+    fn parse_expr_builtin(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        self.parse_builtin(|this, lo, ident| {
+            Ok(match ident.name {
+                sym::offset_of => Some(this.parse_expr_offset_of(lo)?),
+                sym::type_ascribe => Some(this.parse_expr_type_ascribe(lo)?),
+                sym::wrap_binder => {
+                    Some(this.parse_expr_unsafe_binder_cast(lo, UnsafeBinderCastKind::Wrap)?)
+                }
+                sym::unwrap_binder => {
+                    Some(this.parse_expr_unsafe_binder_cast(lo, UnsafeBinderCastKind::Unwrap)?)
+                }
+                _ => None,
+            })
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn parse_builtin<T>(
+        &mut self,
+        parse: impl FnOnce(&mut Parser<'a>, Span, Ident) -> PResult<'a, Option<T>>,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, T> {
+        let lo = self.token.span;
+
+        self.bump(); // `builtin`
+        self.bump(); // `#`
+
+        let Some((ident, IdentIsRaw::No)) = self.token.ident() else {
+            let err = self.dcx().create_err(errors::ExpectedBuiltinIdent { span: self.token.span });
+            return Err(err);
+        };
+        self.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::builtin_syntax, ident.span);
+        self.bump();
+
+        self.expect(exp!(OpenParen))?;
+        let ret = if let Some(res) = parse(self, lo, ident)? {
+            Ok(res)
+        } else {
+            let err = self.dcx().create_err(errors::UnknownBuiltinConstruct {
+                span: lo.to(ident.span),
+                name: ident,
+            });
+            return Err(err);
+        };
+        self.expect(exp!(CloseParen))?;
+
+        ret
+    }
+
+    /// Built-in macro for `offset_of!` expressions.
+    pub(crate) fn parse_expr_offset_of(&mut self, lo: Span) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let container = self.parse_ty()?;
+        self.expect(exp!(Comma))?;
+
+        let fields = self.parse_floating_field_access()?;
+        let trailing_comma = self.eat_noexpect(&TokenKind::Comma);
+
+        if let Err(mut e) = self.expect_one_of(&[], &[exp!(CloseParen)]) {
+            if trailing_comma {
+                e.note("unexpected third argument to offset_of");
+            } else {
+                e.note("offset_of expects dot-separated field and variant names");
+            }
+            e.emit();
+        }
+
+        // Eat tokens until the macro call ends.
+        if self.may_recover() {
+            while !self.token.kind.is_close_delim_or_eof() {
+                self.bump();
+            }
+        }
+
+        let span = lo.to(self.token.span);
+        Ok(self.mk_expr(span, ExprKind::OffsetOf(container, fields)))
+    }
+
+    /// Built-in macro for type ascription expressions.
+    pub(crate) fn parse_expr_type_ascribe(&mut self, lo: Span) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let expr = self.parse_expr()?;
+        self.expect(exp!(Comma))?;
+        let ty = self.parse_ty()?;
+        let span = lo.to(self.token.span);
+        Ok(self.mk_expr(span, ExprKind::Type(expr, ty)))
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn parse_expr_unsafe_binder_cast(
+        &mut self,
+        lo: Span,
+        kind: UnsafeBinderCastKind,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let expr = self.parse_expr()?;
+        let ty = if self.eat(exp!(Comma)) { Some(self.parse_ty()?) } else { None };
+        let span = lo.to(self.token.span);
+        Ok(self.mk_expr(span, ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(kind, expr, ty)))
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a string literal if the next token is a string literal.
+    /// In case of error returns `Some(lit)` if the next token is a literal with a wrong kind,
+    /// and returns `None` if the next token is not literal at all.
+    pub fn parse_str_lit(&mut self) -> Result<ast::StrLit, Option<MetaItemLit>> {
+        match self.parse_opt_meta_item_lit() {
+            Some(lit) => match lit.kind {
+                ast::LitKind::Str(symbol_unescaped, style) => Ok(ast::StrLit {
+                    style,
+                    symbol: lit.symbol,
+                    suffix: lit.suffix,
+                    span: lit.span,
+                    symbol_unescaped,
+                }),
+                _ => Err(Some(lit)),
+            },
+            None => Err(None),
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn mk_token_lit_char(name: Symbol, span: Span) -> (token::Lit, Span) {
+        (token::Lit { symbol: name, suffix: None, kind: token::Char }, span)
+    }
+
+    fn mk_meta_item_lit_char(name: Symbol, span: Span) -> MetaItemLit {
+        ast::MetaItemLit {
+            symbol: name,
+            suffix: None,
+            kind: ast::LitKind::Char(name.as_str().chars().next().unwrap_or('_')),
+            span,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn handle_missing_lit<L>(
+        &mut self,
+        mk_lit_char: impl FnOnce(Symbol, Span) -> L,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, L> {
+        let token = self.token;
+        let err = |self_: &Self| {
+            let msg = format!("unexpected token: {}", super::token_descr(&token));
+            self_.dcx().struct_span_err(token.span, msg)
+        };
+        // On an error path, eagerly consider a lifetime to be an unclosed character lit, if that
+        // makes sense.
+        if let Some((ident, IdentIsRaw::No)) = self.token.lifetime()
+            && could_be_unclosed_char_literal(ident)
+        {
+            let lt = self.expect_lifetime();
+            Ok(self.recover_unclosed_char(lt.ident, mk_lit_char, err))
+        } else {
+            Err(err(self))
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn parse_token_lit(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, (token::Lit, Span)> {
+        self.parse_opt_token_lit()
+            .ok_or(())
+            .or_else(|()| self.handle_missing_lit(Parser::mk_token_lit_char))
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn parse_meta_item_lit(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, MetaItemLit> {
+        self.parse_opt_meta_item_lit()
+            .ok_or(())
+            .or_else(|()| self.handle_missing_lit(Parser::mk_meta_item_lit_char))
+    }
+
+    fn recover_after_dot(&mut self) {
+        if self.token == token::Dot {
+            // Attempt to recover `.4` as `0.4`. We don't currently have any syntax where
+            // dot would follow an optional literal, so we do this unconditionally.
+            let recovered = self.look_ahead(1, |next_token| {
+                // If it's an integer that looks like a float, then recover as such.
+                //
+                // We will never encounter the exponent part of a floating
+                // point literal here, since there's no use of the exponent
+                // syntax that also constitutes a valid integer, so we need
+                // not check for that.
+                if let token::Literal(token::Lit { kind: token::Integer, symbol, suffix }) =
+                    next_token.kind
+                    && suffix.is_none_or(|s| s == sym::f32 || s == sym::f64)
+                    && symbol.as_str().chars().all(|c| c.is_numeric() || c == '_')
+                    && self.token.span.hi() == next_token.span.lo()
+                {
+                    let s = String::from("0.") + symbol.as_str();
+                    let kind = TokenKind::lit(token::Float, Symbol::intern(&s), suffix);
+                    Some(Token::new(kind, self.token.span.to(next_token.span)))
+                } else {
+                    None
+                }
+            });
+            if let Some(recovered) = recovered {
+                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::FloatLiteralRequiresIntegerPart {
+                    span: recovered.span,
+                    suggestion: recovered.span.shrink_to_lo(),
+                });
+                self.bump();
+                self.token = recovered;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Keep this in sync with `Token::can_begin_literal_maybe_minus` and
+    /// `Lit::from_token` (excluding unary negation).
+    fn eat_token_lit(&mut self) -> Option<token::Lit> {
+        let check_expr = |expr: P<Expr>| {
+            if let ast::ExprKind::Lit(token_lit) = expr.kind {
+                Some(token_lit)
+            } else if let ast::ExprKind::Unary(UnOp::Neg, inner) = &expr.kind
+                && let ast::Expr { kind: ast::ExprKind::Lit(_), .. } = **inner
+            {
+                None
+            } else {
+                panic!("unexpected reparsed expr/literal: {:?}", expr.kind);
+            }
+        };
+        match self.token.uninterpolate().kind {
+            token::Ident(name, IdentIsRaw::No) if name.is_bool_lit() => {
+                self.bump();
+                Some(token::Lit::new(token::Bool, name, None))
+            }
+            token::Literal(token_lit) => {
+                self.bump();
+                Some(token_lit)
+            }
+            token::OpenInvisible(InvisibleOrigin::MetaVar(MetaVarKind::Literal)) => {
+                let lit = self
+                    .eat_metavar_seq(MetaVarKind::Literal, |this| this.parse_literal_maybe_minus())
+                    .expect("metavar seq literal");
+                check_expr(lit)
+            }
+            token::OpenInvisible(InvisibleOrigin::MetaVar(
+                mv_kind @ MetaVarKind::Expr { can_begin_literal_maybe_minus: true, .. },
+            )) => {
+                let expr = self
+                    .eat_metavar_seq(mv_kind, |this| this.parse_expr())
+                    .expect("metavar seq expr");
+                check_expr(expr)
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Matches `lit = true | false | token_lit`.
+    /// Returns `None` if the next token is not a literal.
+    fn parse_opt_token_lit(&mut self) -> Option<(token::Lit, Span)> {
+        self.recover_after_dot();
+        let span = self.token.span;
+        self.eat_token_lit().map(|token_lit| (token_lit, span))
+    }
+
+    /// Matches `lit = true | false | token_lit`.
+    /// Returns `None` if the next token is not a literal.
+    fn parse_opt_meta_item_lit(&mut self) -> Option<MetaItemLit> {
+        self.recover_after_dot();
+        let span = self.token.span;
+        let uninterpolated_span = self.token_uninterpolated_span();
+        self.eat_token_lit().map(|token_lit| {
+            match MetaItemLit::from_token_lit(token_lit, span) {
+                Ok(lit) => lit,
+                Err(err) => {
+                    let guar = report_lit_error(&self.psess, err, token_lit, uninterpolated_span);
+                    // Pack possible quotes and prefixes from the original literal into
+                    // the error literal's symbol so they can be pretty-printed faithfully.
+                    let suffixless_lit = token::Lit::new(token_lit.kind, token_lit.symbol, None);
+                    let symbol = Symbol::intern(&suffixless_lit.to_string());
+                    let token_lit = token::Lit::new(token::Err(guar), symbol, token_lit.suffix);
+                    MetaItemLit::from_token_lit(token_lit, uninterpolated_span).unwrap()
+                }
+            }
+        })
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn expect_no_tuple_index_suffix(&self, span: Span, suffix: Symbol) {
+        if [sym::i32, sym::u32, sym::isize, sym::usize].contains(&suffix) {
+            // #59553: warn instead of reject out of hand to allow the fix to percolate
+            // through the ecosystem when people fix their macros
+            self.dcx().emit_warn(errors::InvalidLiteralSuffixOnTupleIndex {
+                span,
+                suffix,
+                exception: true,
+            });
+        } else {
+            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidLiteralSuffixOnTupleIndex {
+                span,
+                suffix,
+                exception: false,
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Matches `'-' lit | lit` (cf. `ast_validation::AstValidator::check_expr_within_pat`).
+    /// Keep this in sync with `Token::can_begin_literal_maybe_minus`.
+    pub fn parse_literal_maybe_minus(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        if let Some(expr) = self.eat_metavar_seq_with_matcher(
+            |mv_kind| matches!(mv_kind, MetaVarKind::Expr { .. }),
+            |this| {
+                // FIXME(nnethercote) The `expr` case should only match if
+                // `e` is an `ExprKind::Lit` or an `ExprKind::Unary` containing
+                // an `UnOp::Neg` and an `ExprKind::Lit`, like how
+                // `can_begin_literal_maybe_minus` works. But this method has
+                // been over-accepting for a long time, and to make that change
+                // here requires also changing some `parse_literal_maybe_minus`
+                // call sites to accept additional expression kinds. E.g.
+                // `ExprKind::Path` must be accepted when parsing range
+                // patterns. That requires some care. So for now, we continue
+                // being less strict here than we should be.
+                this.parse_expr()
+            },
+        ) {
+            return Ok(expr);
+        } else if let Some(lit) =
+            self.eat_metavar_seq(MetaVarKind::Literal, |this| this.parse_literal_maybe_minus())
+        {
+            return Ok(lit);
+        }
+
+        let lo = self.token.span;
+        let minus_present = self.eat(exp!(Minus));
+        let (token_lit, span) = self.parse_token_lit()?;
+        let expr = self.mk_expr(span, ExprKind::Lit(token_lit));
+
+        if minus_present {
+            Ok(self.mk_expr(lo.to(self.prev_token.span), self.mk_unary(UnOp::Neg, expr)))
+        } else {
+            Ok(expr)
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_array_like_block(&mut self) -> bool {
+        self.token.kind == TokenKind::OpenBrace
+            && self
+                .look_ahead(1, |t| matches!(t.kind, TokenKind::Ident(..) | TokenKind::Literal(_)))
+            && self.look_ahead(2, |t| t == &token::Comma)
+            && self.look_ahead(3, |t| t.can_begin_expr())
+    }
+
+    /// Emits a suggestion if it looks like the user meant an array but
+    /// accidentally used braces, causing the code to be interpreted as a block
+    /// expression.
+    fn maybe_suggest_brackets_instead_of_braces(&mut self, lo: Span) -> Option<P<Expr>> {
+        let mut snapshot = self.create_snapshot_for_diagnostic();
+        match snapshot.parse_expr_array_or_repeat(exp!(CloseBrace)) {
+            Ok(arr) => {
+                let guar = self.dcx().emit_err(errors::ArrayBracketsInsteadOfBraces {
+                    span: arr.span,
+                    sub: errors::ArrayBracketsInsteadOfBracesSugg {
+                        left: lo,
+                        right: snapshot.prev_token.span,
+                    },
+                });
+
+                self.restore_snapshot(snapshot);
+                Some(self.mk_expr_err(arr.span, guar))
+            }
+            Err(e) => {
+                e.cancel();
+                None
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn suggest_missing_semicolon_before_array(
+        &self,
+        prev_span: Span,
+        open_delim_span: Span,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, ()> {
+        if !self.may_recover() {
+            return Ok(());
+        }
+
+        if self.token == token::Comma {
+            if !self.psess.source_map().is_multiline(prev_span.until(self.token.span)) {
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+            let mut snapshot = self.create_snapshot_for_diagnostic();
+            snapshot.bump();
+            match snapshot.parse_seq_to_before_end(
+                exp!(CloseBracket),
+                SeqSep::trailing_allowed(exp!(Comma)),
+                |p| p.parse_expr(),
+            ) {
+                Ok(_)
+                    // When the close delim is `)`, `token.kind` is expected to be `token::CloseParen`,
+                    // but the actual `token.kind` is `token::CloseBracket`.
+                    // This is because the `token.kind` of the close delim is treated as the same as
+                    // that of the open delim in `TokenTreesReader::parse_token_tree`, even if the delimiters of them are different.
+                    // Therefore, `token.kind` should not be compared here.
+                    if snapshot
+                        .span_to_snippet(snapshot.token.span)
+                        .is_ok_and(|snippet| snippet == "]") =>
+                {
+                    return Err(self.dcx().create_err(errors::MissingSemicolonBeforeArray {
+                        open_delim: open_delim_span,
+                        semicolon: prev_span.shrink_to_hi(),
+                    }));
+                }
+                Ok(_) => (),
+                Err(err) => err.cancel(),
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Parses a block or unsafe block.
+    pub(super) fn parse_expr_block(
+        &mut self,
+        opt_label: Option<Label>,
+        lo: Span,
+        blk_mode: BlockCheckMode,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        if self.may_recover() && self.is_array_like_block() {
+            if let Some(arr) = self.maybe_suggest_brackets_instead_of_braces(lo) {
+                return Ok(arr);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if self.token.is_metavar_block() {
+            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidBlockMacroSegment {
+                span: self.token.span,
+                context: lo.to(self.token.span),
+                wrap: errors::WrapInExplicitBlock {
+                    lo: self.token.span.shrink_to_lo(),
+                    hi: self.token.span.shrink_to_hi(),
+                },
+            });
+        }
+
+        let (attrs, blk) = self.parse_block_common(lo, blk_mode, None)?;
+        Ok(self.mk_expr_with_attrs(blk.span, ExprKind::Block(blk, opt_label), attrs))
+    }
+
+    /// Parse a block which takes no attributes and has no label
+    fn parse_simple_block(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let blk = self.parse_block()?;
+        Ok(self.mk_expr(blk.span, ExprKind::Block(blk, None)))
+    }
+
+    /// Parses a closure expression (e.g., `move |args| expr`).
+    fn parse_expr_closure(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let lo = self.token.span;
+
+        let before = self.prev_token;
+        let binder = if self.check_keyword(exp!(For)) {
+            let lo = self.token.span;
+            let (lifetime_defs, _) = self.parse_late_bound_lifetime_defs()?;
+            let span = lo.to(self.prev_token.span);
+
+            self.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::closure_lifetime_binder, span);
+
+            ClosureBinder::For { span, generic_params: lifetime_defs }
+        } else {
+            ClosureBinder::NotPresent
+        };
+
+        let constness = self.parse_closure_constness();
+
+        let movability =
+            if self.eat_keyword(exp!(Static)) { Movability::Static } else { Movability::Movable };
+
+        let coroutine_kind = if self.token_uninterpolated_span().at_least_rust_2018() {
+            self.parse_coroutine_kind(Case::Sensitive)
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+
+        if let ClosureBinder::NotPresent = binder
+            && coroutine_kind.is_some()
+        {
+            // coroutine closures and generators can have the same qualifiers, so we might end up
+            // in here if there is a missing `|` but also no `{`. Adjust the expectations in that case.
+            self.expected_token_types.insert(TokenType::OpenBrace);
+        }
+
+        let capture_clause = self.parse_capture_clause()?;
+        let (fn_decl, fn_arg_span) = self.parse_fn_block_decl()?;
+        let decl_hi = self.prev_token.span;
+        let mut body = match &fn_decl.output {
+            // No return type.
+            FnRetTy::Default(_) => {
+                let restrictions =
+                    self.restrictions - Restrictions::STMT_EXPR - Restrictions::ALLOW_LET;
+                let prev = self.prev_token;
+                let token = self.token;
+                let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+                match self.parse_expr_res(restrictions, attrs) {
+                    Ok((expr, _)) => expr,
+                    Err(err) => self.recover_closure_body(err, before, prev, token, lo, decl_hi)?,
+                }
+            }
+            // Explicit return type (`->`) needs block `-> T { }`.
+            FnRetTy::Ty(ty) => self.parse_closure_block_body(ty.span)?,
+        };
+
+        match coroutine_kind {
+            Some(CoroutineKind::Async { .. }) => {}
+            Some(CoroutineKind::Gen { span, .. }) | Some(CoroutineKind::AsyncGen { span, .. }) => {
+                // Feature-gate `gen ||` and `async gen ||` closures.
+                // FIXME(gen_blocks): This perhaps should be a different gate.
+                self.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::gen_blocks, span);
+            }
+            None => {}
+        }
+
+        if self.token == TokenKind::Semi
+            && let Some(last) = self.token_cursor.stack.last()
+            && let Some(TokenTree::Delimited(_, _, Delimiter::Parenthesis, _)) = last.curr()
+            && self.may_recover()
+        {
+            // It is likely that the closure body is a block but where the
+            // braces have been removed. We will recover and eat the next
+            // statements later in the parsing process.
+            body = self.mk_expr_err(
+                body.span,
+                self.dcx().span_delayed_bug(body.span, "recovered a closure body as a block"),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let body_span = body.span;
+
+        let closure = self.mk_expr(
+            lo.to(body.span),
+            ExprKind::Closure(Box::new(ast::Closure {
+                binder,
+                capture_clause,
+                constness,
+                coroutine_kind,
+                movability,
+                fn_decl,
+                body,
+                fn_decl_span: lo.to(decl_hi),
+                fn_arg_span,
+            })),
+        );
+
+        // Disable recovery for closure body
+        let spans =
+            ClosureSpans { whole_closure: closure.span, closing_pipe: decl_hi, body: body_span };
+        self.current_closure = Some(spans);
+
+        Ok(closure)
+    }
+
+    /// If an explicit return type is given, require a block to appear (RFC 968).
+    fn parse_closure_block_body(&mut self, ret_span: Span) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        if self.may_recover()
+            && self.token.can_begin_expr()
+            && self.token.kind != TokenKind::OpenBrace
+            && !self.token.is_metavar_block()
+        {
+            let snapshot = self.create_snapshot_for_diagnostic();
+            let restrictions =
+                self.restrictions - Restrictions::STMT_EXPR - Restrictions::ALLOW_LET;
+            let tok = self.token.clone();
+            match self.parse_expr_res(restrictions, AttrWrapper::empty()) {
+                Ok((expr, _)) => {
+                    let descr = super::token_descr(&tok);
+                    let mut diag = self
+                        .dcx()
+                        .struct_span_err(tok.span, format!("expected `{{`, found {descr}"));
+                    diag.span_label(
+                        ret_span,
+                        "explicit return type requires closure body to be enclosed in braces",
+                    );
+                    diag.multipart_suggestion_verbose(
+                        "wrap the expression in curly braces",
+                        vec![
+                            (expr.span.shrink_to_lo(), "{ ".to_string()),
+                            (expr.span.shrink_to_hi(), " }".to_string()),
+                        ],
+                        Applicability::MachineApplicable,
+                    );
+                    diag.emit();
+                    return Ok(expr);
+                }
+                Err(diag) => {
+                    diag.cancel();
+                    self.restore_snapshot(snapshot);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        let body_lo = self.token.span;
+        self.parse_expr_block(None, body_lo, BlockCheckMode::Default)
+    }
+
+    /// Parses an optional `move` or `use` prefix to a closure-like construct.
+    fn parse_capture_clause(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, CaptureBy> {
+        if self.eat_keyword(exp!(Move)) {
+            let move_kw_span = self.prev_token.span;
+            // Check for `move async` and recover
+            if self.check_keyword(exp!(Async)) {
+                let move_async_span = self.token.span.with_lo(self.prev_token.span.data().lo);
+                Err(self
+                    .dcx()
+                    .create_err(errors::AsyncMoveOrderIncorrect { span: move_async_span }))
+            } else {
+                Ok(CaptureBy::Value { move_kw: move_kw_span })
+            }
+        } else if self.eat_keyword(exp!(Use)) {
+            let use_kw_span = self.prev_token.span;
+            self.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::ergonomic_clones, use_kw_span);
+            // Check for `use async` and recover
+            if self.check_keyword(exp!(Async)) {
+                let use_async_span = self.token.span.with_lo(self.prev_token.span.data().lo);
+                Err(self.dcx().create_err(errors::AsyncUseOrderIncorrect { span: use_async_span }))
+            } else {
+                Ok(CaptureBy::Use { use_kw: use_kw_span })
+            }
+        } else {
+            Ok(CaptureBy::Ref)
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Parses the `|arg, arg|` header of a closure.
+    fn parse_fn_block_decl(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, (P<FnDecl>, Span)> {
+        let arg_start = self.token.span.lo();
+
+        let inputs = if self.eat(exp!(OrOr)) {
+            ThinVec::new()
+        } else {
+            self.expect(exp!(Or))?;
+            let args = self
+                .parse_seq_to_before_tokens(
+                    &[exp!(Or)],
+                    &[&token::OrOr],
+                    SeqSep::trailing_allowed(exp!(Comma)),
+                    |p| p.parse_fn_block_param(),
+                )?
+                .0;
+            self.expect_or()?;
+            args
+        };
+        let arg_span = self.prev_token.span.with_lo(arg_start);
+        let output =
+            self.parse_ret_ty(AllowPlus::Yes, RecoverQPath::Yes, RecoverReturnSign::Yes)?;
+
+        Ok((P(FnDecl { inputs, output }), arg_span))
+    }
+
+    /// Parses a parameter in a closure header (e.g., `|arg, arg|`).
+    fn parse_fn_block_param(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, Param> {
+        let lo = self.token.span;
+        let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+        self.collect_tokens(None, attrs, ForceCollect::No, |this, attrs| {
+            let pat = this.parse_pat_no_top_alt(Some(Expected::ParameterName), None)?;
+            let ty = if this.eat(exp!(Colon)) {
+                this.parse_ty()?
+            } else {
+                this.mk_ty(pat.span, TyKind::Infer)
+            };
+
+            Ok((
+                Param {
+                    attrs,
+                    ty,
+                    pat,
+                    span: lo.to(this.prev_token.span),
+                    id: DUMMY_NODE_ID,
+                    is_placeholder: false,
+                },
+                Trailing::from(this.token == token::Comma),
+                UsePreAttrPos::No,
+            ))
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Parses an `if` expression (`if` token already eaten).
+    fn parse_expr_if(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let lo = self.prev_token.span;
+        // Scoping code checks the top level edition of the `if`; let's match it here.
+        // The `CondChecker` also checks the edition of the `let` itself, just to make sure.
+        let let_chains_policy = LetChainsPolicy::EditionDependent { current_edition: lo.edition() };
+        let cond = self.parse_expr_cond(let_chains_policy)?;
+        self.parse_if_after_cond(lo, cond)
+    }
+
+    fn parse_if_after_cond(&mut self, lo: Span, mut cond: P<Expr>) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let cond_span = cond.span;
+        // Tries to interpret `cond` as either a missing expression if it's a block,
+        // or as an unfinished expression if it's a binop and the RHS is a block.
+        // We could probably add more recoveries here too...
+        let mut recover_block_from_condition = |this: &mut Self| {
+            let block = match &mut cond.kind {
+                ExprKind::Binary(Spanned { span: binop_span, .. }, _, right)
+                    if let ExprKind::Block(_, None) = right.kind =>
+                {
+                    let guar = this.dcx().emit_err(errors::IfExpressionMissingThenBlock {
+                        if_span: lo,
+                        missing_then_block_sub:
+                            errors::IfExpressionMissingThenBlockSub::UnfinishedCondition(
+                                cond_span.shrink_to_lo().to(*binop_span),
+                            ),
+                        let_else_sub: None,
+                    });
+                    std::mem::replace(right, this.mk_expr_err(binop_span.shrink_to_hi(), guar))
+                }
+                ExprKind::Block(_, None) => {
+                    let guar = this.dcx().emit_err(errors::IfExpressionMissingCondition {
+                        if_span: lo.with_neighbor(cond.span).shrink_to_hi(),
+                        block_span: self.psess.source_map().start_point(cond_span),
+                    });
+                    std::mem::replace(&mut cond, this.mk_expr_err(cond_span.shrink_to_hi(), guar))
+                }
+                _ => {
+                    return None;
+                }
+            };
+            if let ExprKind::Block(block, _) = &block.kind {
+                Some(block.clone())
+            } else {
+                unreachable!()
+            }
+        };
+        // Parse then block
+        let thn = if self.token.is_keyword(kw::Else) {
+            if let Some(block) = recover_block_from_condition(self) {
+                block
+            } else {
+                let let_else_sub = matches!(cond.kind, ExprKind::Let(..))
+                    .then(|| errors::IfExpressionLetSomeSub { if_span: lo.until(cond_span) });
+
+                let guar = self.dcx().emit_err(errors::IfExpressionMissingThenBlock {
+                    if_span: lo,
+                    missing_then_block_sub: errors::IfExpressionMissingThenBlockSub::AddThenBlock(
+                        cond_span.shrink_to_hi(),
+                    ),
+                    let_else_sub,
+                });
+                self.mk_block_err(cond_span.shrink_to_hi(), guar)
+            }
+        } else {
+            let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?; // For recovery.
+            let maybe_fatarrow = self.token;
+            let block = if self.check(exp!(OpenBrace)) {
+                self.parse_block()?
+            } else if let Some(block) = recover_block_from_condition(self) {
+                block
+            } else {
+                self.error_on_extra_if(&cond)?;
+                // Parse block, which will always fail, but we can add a nice note to the error
+                self.parse_block().map_err(|mut err| {
+                        if self.prev_token == token::Semi
+                            && self.token == token::AndAnd
+                            && let maybe_let = self.look_ahead(1, |t| t.clone())
+                            && maybe_let.is_keyword(kw::Let)
+                        {
+                            err.span_suggestion(
+                                self.prev_token.span,
+                                "consider removing this semicolon to parse the `let` as part of the same chain",
+                                "",
+                                Applicability::MachineApplicable,
+                            ).span_note(
+                                self.token.span.to(maybe_let.span),
+                                "you likely meant to continue parsing the let-chain starting here",
+                            );
+                        } else {
+                            // Look for usages of '=>' where '>=' might be intended
+                            if maybe_fatarrow == token::FatArrow {
+                                err.span_suggestion(
+                                    maybe_fatarrow.span,
+                                    "you might have meant to write a \"greater than or equal to\" comparison",
+                                    ">=",
+                                    Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
+                                );
+                            }
+                            err.span_note(
+                                cond_span,
+                                "the `if` expression is missing a block after this condition",
+                            );
+                        }
+                        err
+                    })?
+            };
+            self.error_on_if_block_attrs(lo, false, block.span, attrs);
+            block
+        };
+        let els = if self.eat_keyword(exp!(Else)) { Some(self.parse_expr_else()?) } else { None };
+        Ok(self.mk_expr(lo.to(self.prev_token.span), ExprKind::If(cond, thn, els)))
+    }
+
+    /// Parses the condition of a `if` or `while` expression.
+    ///
+    /// The specified `edition` in `let_chains_policy` should be that of the whole `if` construct,
+    /// i.e. the same span we use to later decide whether the drop behaviour should be that of
+    /// edition `..=2021` or that of `2024..`.
+    // Public because it is used in rustfmt forks such as https://github.com/tucant/rustfmt/blob/30c83df9e1db10007bdd16dafce8a86b404329b2/src/parse/macros/html.rs#L57 for custom if expressions.
+    pub fn parse_expr_cond(&mut self, let_chains_policy: LetChainsPolicy) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+        let (mut cond, _) =
+            self.parse_expr_res(Restrictions::NO_STRUCT_LITERAL | Restrictions::ALLOW_LET, attrs)?;
+
+        CondChecker::new(self, let_chains_policy).visit_expr(&mut cond);
+
+        Ok(cond)
+    }
+
+    /// Parses a `let $pat = $expr` pseudo-expression.
+    fn parse_expr_let(&mut self, restrictions: Restrictions) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let recovered = if !restrictions.contains(Restrictions::ALLOW_LET) {
+            let err = errors::ExpectedExpressionFoundLet {
+                span: self.token.span,
+                reason: ForbiddenLetReason::OtherForbidden,
+                missing_let: None,
+                comparison: None,
+            };
+            if self.prev_token == token::Or {
+                // This was part of a closure, the that part of the parser recover.
+                return Err(self.dcx().create_err(err));
+            } else {
+                Recovered::Yes(self.dcx().emit_err(err))
+            }
+        } else {
+            Recovered::No
+        };
+        self.bump(); // Eat `let` token
+        let lo = self.prev_token.span;
+        let pat = self.parse_pat_no_top_guard(
+            None,
+            RecoverComma::Yes,
+            RecoverColon::Yes,
+            CommaRecoveryMode::LikelyTuple,
+        )?;
+        if self.token == token::EqEq {
+            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::ExpectedEqForLetExpr {
+                span: self.token.span,
+                sugg_span: self.token.span,
+            });
+            self.bump();
+        } else {
+            self.expect(exp!(Eq))?;
+        }
+        let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+        let (expr, _) =
+            self.parse_expr_assoc_with(Bound::Excluded(prec_let_scrutinee_needs_par()), attrs)?;
+        let span = lo.to(expr.span);
+        Ok(self.mk_expr(span, ExprKind::Let(pat, expr, span, recovered)))
+    }
+
+    /// Parses an `else { ... }` expression (`else` token already eaten).
+    fn parse_expr_else(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let else_span = self.prev_token.span; // `else`
+        let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?; // For recovery.
+        let expr = if self.eat_keyword(exp!(If)) {
+            ensure_sufficient_stack(|| self.parse_expr_if())?
+        } else if self.check(exp!(OpenBrace)) {
+            self.parse_simple_block()?
+        } else {
+            let snapshot = self.create_snapshot_for_diagnostic();
+            let first_tok = super::token_descr(&self.token);
+            let first_tok_span = self.token.span;
+            match self.parse_expr() {
+                Ok(cond)
+                // Try to guess the difference between a "condition-like" vs
+                // "statement-like" expression.
+                //
+                // We are seeing the following code, in which $cond is neither
+                // ExprKind::Block nor ExprKind::If (the 2 cases wherein this
+                // would be valid syntax).
+                //
+                //     if ... {
+                //     } else $cond
+                //
+                // If $cond is "condition-like" such as ExprKind::Binary, we
+                // want to suggest inserting `if`.
+                //
+                //     if ... {
+                //     } else if a == b {
+                //            ^^
+                //     }
+                //
+                // We account for macro calls that were meant as conditions as well.
+                //
+                //     if ... {
+                //     } else if macro! { foo bar } {
+                //            ^^
+                //     }
+                //
+                // If $cond is "statement-like" such as ExprKind::While then we
+                // want to suggest wrapping in braces.
+                //
+                //     if ... {
+                //     } else {
+                //            ^
+                //         while true {}
+                //     }
+                //     ^
+                    if self.check(exp!(OpenBrace))
+                        && (classify::expr_requires_semi_to_be_stmt(&cond)
+                            || matches!(cond.kind, ExprKind::MacCall(..)))
+                    =>
+                {
+                    self.dcx().emit_err(errors::ExpectedElseBlock {
+                        first_tok_span,
+                        first_tok,
+                        else_span,
+                        condition_start: cond.span.shrink_to_lo(),
+                    });
+                    self.parse_if_after_cond(cond.span.shrink_to_lo(), cond)?
+                }
+                Err(e) => {
+                    e.cancel();
+                    self.restore_snapshot(snapshot);
+                    self.parse_simple_block()?
+                },
+                Ok(_) => {
+                    self.restore_snapshot(snapshot);
+                    self.parse_simple_block()?
+                },
+            }
+        };
+        self.error_on_if_block_attrs(else_span, true, expr.span, attrs);
+        Ok(expr)
+    }
+
+    fn error_on_if_block_attrs(
+        &self,
+        ctx_span: Span,
+        is_ctx_else: bool,
+        branch_span: Span,
+        attrs: AttrWrapper,
+    ) {
+        if !attrs.is_empty()
+            && let [x0 @ xn] | [x0, .., xn] = &*attrs.take_for_recovery(self.psess)
+        {
+            let attributes = x0.span.until(branch_span);
+            let last = xn.span;
+            let ctx = if is_ctx_else { "else" } else { "if" };
+            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::OuterAttributeNotAllowedOnIfElse {
+                last,
+                branch_span,
+                ctx_span,
+                ctx: ctx.to_string(),
+                attributes,
+            });
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn error_on_extra_if(&mut self, cond: &P<Expr>) -> PResult<'a, ()> {
+        if let ExprKind::Binary(Spanned { span: binop_span, node: binop }, _, right) = &cond.kind
+            && let BinOpKind::And = binop
+            && let ExprKind::If(cond, ..) = &right.kind
+        {
+            Err(self.dcx().create_err(errors::UnexpectedIfWithIf(
+                binop_span.shrink_to_hi().to(cond.span.shrink_to_lo()),
+            )))
+        } else {
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn parse_for_head(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, (P<Pat>, P<Expr>)> {
+        let begin_paren = if self.token == token::OpenParen {
+            // Record whether we are about to parse `for (`.
+            // This is used below for recovery in case of `for ( $stuff ) $block`
+            // in which case we will suggest `for $stuff $block`.
+            let start_span = self.token.span;
+            let left = self.prev_token.span.between(self.look_ahead(1, |t| t.span));
+            Some((start_span, left))
+        } else {
+            None
+        };
+        // Try to parse the pattern `for ($PAT) in $EXPR`.
+        let pat = match (
+            self.parse_pat_allow_top_guard(
+                None,
+                RecoverComma::Yes,
+                RecoverColon::Yes,
+                CommaRecoveryMode::LikelyTuple,
+            ),
+            begin_paren,
+        ) {
+            (Ok(pat), _) => pat, // Happy path.
+            (Err(err), Some((start_span, left))) if self.eat_keyword(exp!(In)) => {
+                // We know for sure we have seen `for ($SOMETHING in`. In the happy path this would
+                // happen right before the return of this method.
+                let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+                let (expr, _) = match self.parse_expr_res(Restrictions::NO_STRUCT_LITERAL, attrs) {
+                    Ok(expr) => expr,
+                    Err(expr_err) => {
+                        // We don't know what followed the `in`, so cancel and bubble up the
+                        // original error.
+                        expr_err.cancel();
+                        return Err(err);
+                    }
+                };
+                return if self.token == token::CloseParen {
+                    // We know for sure we have seen `for ($SOMETHING in $EXPR)`, so we recover the
+                    // parser state and emit a targeted suggestion.
+                    let span = vec![start_span, self.token.span];
+                    let right = self.prev_token.span.between(self.look_ahead(1, |t| t.span));
+                    self.bump(); // )
+                    err.cancel();
+                    self.dcx().emit_err(errors::ParenthesesInForHead {
+                        span,
+                        // With e.g. `for (x) in y)` this would replace `(x) in y)`
+                        // with `x) in y)` which is syntactically invalid.
+                        // However, this is prevented before we get here.
+                        sugg: errors::ParenthesesInForHeadSugg { left, right },
+                    });
+                    Ok((self.mk_pat(start_span.to(right), ast::PatKind::Wild), expr))
+                } else {
+                    Err(err) // Some other error, bubble up.
+                };
+            }
+            (Err(err), _) => return Err(err), // Some other error, bubble up.
+        };
+        if !self.eat_keyword(exp!(In)) {
+            self.error_missing_in_for_loop();
+        }
+        self.check_for_for_in_in_typo(self.prev_token.span);
+        let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+        let (expr, _) = self.parse_expr_res(Restrictions::NO_STRUCT_LITERAL, attrs)?;
+        Ok((pat, expr))
+    }
+
+    /// Parses `for await? <src_pat> in <src_expr> <src_loop_block>` (`for` token already eaten).
+    fn parse_expr_for(&mut self, opt_label: Option<Label>, lo: Span) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let is_await =
+            self.token_uninterpolated_span().at_least_rust_2018() && self.eat_keyword(exp!(Await));
+
+        if is_await {
+            self.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::async_for_loop, self.prev_token.span);
+        }
+
+        let kind = if is_await { ForLoopKind::ForAwait } else { ForLoopKind::For };
+
+        let (pat, expr) = self.parse_for_head()?;
+        // Recover from missing expression in `for` loop
+        if matches!(expr.kind, ExprKind::Block(..))
+            && self.token.kind != token::OpenBrace
+            && self.may_recover()
+        {
+            let guar = self
+                .dcx()
+                .emit_err(errors::MissingExpressionInForLoop { span: expr.span.shrink_to_lo() });
+            let err_expr = self.mk_expr(expr.span, ExprKind::Err(guar));
+            let block = self.mk_block(thin_vec![], BlockCheckMode::Default, self.prev_token.span);
+            return Ok(self.mk_expr(
+                lo.to(self.prev_token.span),
+                ExprKind::ForLoop { pat, iter: err_expr, body: block, label: opt_label, kind },
+            ));
+        }
+
+        let (attrs, loop_block) = self.parse_inner_attrs_and_block(
+            // Only suggest moving erroneous block label to the loop header
+            // if there is not already a label there
+            opt_label.is_none().then_some(lo),
+        )?;
+
+        let kind = ExprKind::ForLoop { pat, iter: expr, body: loop_block, label: opt_label, kind };
+
+        self.recover_loop_else("for", lo)?;
+
+        Ok(self.mk_expr_with_attrs(lo.to(self.prev_token.span), kind, attrs))
+    }
+
+    /// Recovers from an `else` clause after a loop (`for...else`, `while...else`)
+    fn recover_loop_else(&mut self, loop_kind: &'static str, loop_kw: Span) -> PResult<'a, ()> {
+        if self.token.is_keyword(kw::Else) && self.may_recover() {
+            let else_span = self.token.span;
+            self.bump();
+            let else_clause = self.parse_expr_else()?;
+            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::LoopElseNotSupported {
+                span: else_span.to(else_clause.span),
+                loop_kind,
+                loop_kw,
+            });
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    fn error_missing_in_for_loop(&mut self) {
+        let (span, sub): (_, fn(_) -> _) = if self.token.is_ident_named(sym::of) {
+            // Possibly using JS syntax (#75311).
+            let span = self.token.span;
+            self.bump();
+            (span, errors::MissingInInForLoopSub::InNotOf)
+        } else {
+            (self.prev_token.span.between(self.token.span), errors::MissingInInForLoopSub::AddIn)
+        };
+
+        self.dcx().emit_err(errors::MissingInInForLoop { span, sub: sub(span) });
+    }
+
+    /// Parses a `while` or `while let` expression (`while` token already eaten).
+    fn parse_expr_while(&mut self, opt_label: Option<Label>, lo: Span) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let policy = LetChainsPolicy::EditionDependent { current_edition: lo.edition() };
+        let cond = self.parse_expr_cond(policy).map_err(|mut err| {
+            err.span_label(lo, "while parsing the condition of this `while` expression");
+            err
+        })?;
+        let (attrs, body) = self
+            .parse_inner_attrs_and_block(
+                // Only suggest moving erroneous block label to the loop header
+                // if there is not already a label there
+                opt_label.is_none().then_some(lo),
+            )
+            .map_err(|mut err| {
+                err.span_label(lo, "while parsing the body of this `while` expression");
+                err.span_label(cond.span, "this `while` condition successfully parsed");
+                err
+            })?;
+
+        self.recover_loop_else("while", lo)?;
+
+        Ok(self.mk_expr_with_attrs(
+            lo.to(self.prev_token.span),
+            ExprKind::While(cond, body, opt_label),
+            attrs,
+        ))
+    }
+
+    /// Parses `loop { ... }` (`loop` token already eaten).
+    fn parse_expr_loop(&mut self, opt_label: Option<Label>, lo: Span) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let loop_span = self.prev_token.span;
+        let (attrs, body) = self.parse_inner_attrs_and_block(
+            // Only suggest moving erroneous block label to the loop header
+            // if there is not already a label there
+            opt_label.is_none().then_some(lo),
+        )?;
+        self.recover_loop_else("loop", lo)?;
+        Ok(self.mk_expr_with_attrs(
+            lo.to(self.prev_token.span),
+            ExprKind::Loop(body, opt_label, loop_span),
+            attrs,
+        ))
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn eat_label(&mut self) -> Option<Label> {
+        if let Some((ident, is_raw)) = self.token.lifetime() {
+            // Disallow `'fn`, but with a better error message than `expect_lifetime`.
+            if matches!(is_raw, IdentIsRaw::No) && ident.without_first_quote().is_reserved() {
+                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidLabel { span: ident.span, name: ident.name });
+            }
+
+            self.bump();
+            Some(Label { ident })
+        } else {
+            None
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Parses a `match ... { ... }` expression (`match` token already eaten).
+    fn parse_expr_match(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let match_span = self.prev_token.span;
+        let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+        let (scrutinee, _) = self.parse_expr_res(Restrictions::NO_STRUCT_LITERAL, attrs)?;
+
+        self.parse_match_block(match_span, match_span, scrutinee, MatchKind::Prefix)
+    }
+
+    /// Parses the block of a `match expr { ... }` or a `expr.match { ... }`
+    /// expression. This is after the match token and scrutinee are eaten
+    fn parse_match_block(
+        &mut self,
+        lo: Span,
+        match_span: Span,
+        scrutinee: P<Expr>,
+        match_kind: MatchKind,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        if let Err(mut e) = self.expect(exp!(OpenBrace)) {
+            if self.token == token::Semi {
+                e.span_suggestion_short(
+                    match_span,
+                    "try removing this `match`",
+                    "",
+                    Applicability::MaybeIncorrect, // speculative
+                );
+            }
+            if self.maybe_recover_unexpected_block_label(None) {
+                e.cancel();
+                self.bump();
+            } else {
+                return Err(e);
+            }
+        }
+        let attrs = self.parse_inner_attributes()?;
+
+        let mut arms = ThinVec::new();
+        while self.token != token::CloseBrace {
+            match self.parse_arm() {
+                Ok(arm) => arms.push(arm),
+                Err(e) => {
+                    // Recover by skipping to the end of the block.
+                    let guar = e.emit();
+                    self.recover_stmt();
+                    let span = lo.to(self.token.span);
+                    if self.token == token::CloseBrace {
+                        self.bump();
+                    }
+                    // Always push at least one arm to make the match non-empty
+                    arms.push(Arm {
+                        attrs: Default::default(),
+                        pat: self.mk_pat(span, ast::PatKind::Err(guar)),
+                        guard: None,
+                        body: Some(self.mk_expr_err(span, guar)),
+                        span,
+                        id: DUMMY_NODE_ID,
+                        is_placeholder: false,
+                    });
+                    return Ok(self.mk_expr_with_attrs(
+                        span,
+                        ExprKind::Match(scrutinee, arms, match_kind),
+                        attrs,
+                    ));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        let hi = self.token.span;
+        self.bump();
+        Ok(self.mk_expr_with_attrs(lo.to(hi), ExprKind::Match(scrutinee, arms, match_kind), attrs))
+    }
+
+    /// Attempt to recover from match arm body with statements and no surrounding braces.
+    fn parse_arm_body_missing_braces(
+        &mut self,
+        first_expr: &P<Expr>,
+        arrow_span: Span,
+    ) -> Option<(Span, ErrorGuaranteed)> {
+        if self.token != token::Semi {
+            return None;
+        }
+        let start_snapshot = self.create_snapshot_for_diagnostic();
+        let semi_sp = self.token.span;
+        self.bump(); // `;`
+        let mut stmts =
+            vec![self.mk_stmt(first_expr.span, ast::StmtKind::Expr(first_expr.clone()))];
+        let err = |this: &Parser<'_>, stmts: Vec<ast::Stmt>| {
+            let span = stmts[0].span.to(stmts[stmts.len() - 1].span);
+
+            let guar = this.dcx().emit_err(errors::MatchArmBodyWithoutBraces {
+                statements: span,
+                arrow: arrow_span,
+                num_statements: stmts.len(),
+                sub: if stmts.len() > 1 {
+                    errors::MatchArmBodyWithoutBracesSugg::AddBraces {
+                        left: span.shrink_to_lo(),
+                        right: span.shrink_to_hi(),
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    errors::MatchArmBodyWithoutBracesSugg::UseComma { semicolon: semi_sp }
+                },
+            });
+            (span, guar)
+        };
+        // We might have either a `,` -> `;` typo, or a block without braces. We need
+        // a more subtle parsing strategy.
+        loop {
+            if self.token == token::CloseBrace {
+                // We have reached the closing brace of the `match` expression.
+                return Some(err(self, stmts));
+            }
+            if self.token == token::Comma {
+                self.restore_snapshot(start_snapshot);
+                return None;
+            }
+            let pre_pat_snapshot = self.create_snapshot_for_diagnostic();
+            match self.parse_pat_no_top_alt(None, None) {
+                Ok(_pat) => {
+                    if self.token == token::FatArrow {
+                        // Reached arm end.
+                        self.restore_snapshot(pre_pat_snapshot);
+                        return Some(err(self, stmts));
+                    }
+                }
+                Err(err) => {
+                    err.cancel();
+                }
+            }
+
+            self.restore_snapshot(pre_pat_snapshot);
+            match self.parse_stmt_without_recovery(true, ForceCollect::No, false) {
+                // Consume statements for as long as possible.
+                Ok(Some(stmt)) => {
+                    stmts.push(stmt);
+                }
+                Ok(None) => {
+                    self.restore_snapshot(start_snapshot);
+                    break;
+                }
+                // We couldn't parse either yet another statement missing it's
+                // enclosing block nor the next arm's pattern or closing brace.
+                Err(stmt_err) => {
+                    stmt_err.cancel();
+                    self.restore_snapshot(start_snapshot);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        None
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn parse_arm(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, Arm> {
+        let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+        self.collect_tokens(None, attrs, ForceCollect::No, |this, attrs| {
+            let lo = this.token.span;
+            let (pat, guard) = this.parse_match_arm_pat_and_guard()?;
+
+            let span_before_body = this.prev_token.span;
+            let arm_body;
+            let is_fat_arrow = this.check(exp!(FatArrow));
+            let is_almost_fat_arrow =
+                TokenKind::FatArrow.similar_tokens().contains(&this.token.kind);
+
+            // this avoids the compiler saying that a `,` or `}` was expected even though
+            // the pattern isn't a never pattern (and thus an arm body is required)
+            let armless = (!is_fat_arrow && !is_almost_fat_arrow && pat.could_be_never_pattern())
+                || matches!(this.token.kind, token::Comma | token::CloseBrace);
+
+            let mut result = if armless {
+                // A pattern without a body, allowed for never patterns.
+                arm_body = None;
+                let span = lo.to(this.prev_token.span);
+                this.expect_one_of(&[exp!(Comma)], &[exp!(CloseBrace)]).map(|x| {
+                    // Don't gate twice
+                    if !pat.contains_never_pattern() {
+                        this.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::never_patterns, span);
+                    }
+                    x
+                })
+            } else {
+                if let Err(mut err) = this.expect(exp!(FatArrow)) {
+                    // We might have a `=>` -> `=` or `->` typo (issue #89396).
+                    if is_almost_fat_arrow {
+                        err.span_suggestion(
+                            this.token.span,
+                            "use a fat arrow to start a match arm",
+                            "=>",
+                            Applicability::MachineApplicable,
+                        );
+                        if matches!(
+                            (&this.prev_token.kind, &this.token.kind),
+                            (token::DotDotEq, token::Gt)
+                        ) {
+                            // `error_inclusive_range_match_arrow` handles cases like `0..=> {}`,
+                            // so we suppress the error here
+                            err.delay_as_bug();
+                        } else {
+                            err.emit();
+                        }
+                        this.bump();
+                    } else {
+                        return Err(err);
+                    }
+                }
+                let arrow_span = this.prev_token.span;
+                let arm_start_span = this.token.span;
+
+                let attrs = this.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+                let (expr, _) =
+                    this.parse_expr_res(Restrictions::STMT_EXPR, attrs).map_err(|mut err| {
+                        err.span_label(arrow_span, "while parsing the `match` arm starting here");
+                        err
+                    })?;
+
+                let require_comma =
+                    !classify::expr_is_complete(&expr) && this.token != token::CloseBrace;
+
+                if !require_comma {
+                    arm_body = Some(expr);
+                    // Eat a comma if it exists, though.
+                    let _ = this.eat(exp!(Comma));
+                    Ok(Recovered::No)
+                } else if let Some((span, guar)) =
+                    this.parse_arm_body_missing_braces(&expr, arrow_span)
+                {
+                    let body = this.mk_expr_err(span, guar);
+                    arm_body = Some(body);
+                    Ok(Recovered::Yes(guar))
+                } else {
+                    let expr_span = expr.span;
+                    arm_body = Some(expr);
+                    this.expect_one_of(&[exp!(Comma)], &[exp!(CloseBrace)]).map_err(|mut err| {
+                        if this.token == token::FatArrow {
+                            let sm = this.psess.source_map();
+                            if let Ok(expr_lines) = sm.span_to_lines(expr_span)
+                                && let Ok(arm_start_lines) = sm.span_to_lines(arm_start_span)
+                                && expr_lines.lines.len() == 2
+                            {
+                                if arm_start_lines.lines[0].end_col == expr_lines.lines[0].end_col {
+                                    // We check whether there's any trailing code in the parse span,
+                                    // if there isn't, we very likely have the following:
+                                    //
+                                    // X |     &Y => "y"
+                                    //   |        --    - missing comma
+                                    //   |        |
+                                    //   |        arrow_span
+                                    // X |     &X => "x"
+                                    //   |      - ^^ self.token.span
+                                    //   |      |
+                                    //   |      parsed until here as `"y" & X`
+                                    err.span_suggestion_short(
+                                        arm_start_span.shrink_to_hi(),
+                                        "missing a comma here to end this `match` arm",
+                                        ",",
+                                        Applicability::MachineApplicable,
+                                    );
+                                } else if arm_start_lines.lines[0].end_col + rustc_span::CharPos(1)
+                                    == expr_lines.lines[0].end_col
+                                {
+                                    // similar to the above, but we may typo a `.` or `/` at the end of the line
+                                    let comma_span = arm_start_span
+                                        .shrink_to_hi()
+                                        .with_hi(arm_start_span.hi() + rustc_span::BytePos(1));
+                                    if let Ok(res) = sm.span_to_snippet(comma_span)
+                                        && (res == "." || res == "/")
+                                    {
+                                        err.span_suggestion_short(
+                                            comma_span,
+                                            "you might have meant to write a `,` to end this `match` arm",
+                                            ",",
+                                            Applicability::MachineApplicable,
+                                        );
+                                    }
+                                }
+                            }
+                        } else {
+                            err.span_label(
+                                arrow_span,
+                                "while parsing the `match` arm starting here",
+                            );
+                        }
+                        err
+                    })
+                }
+            };
+
+            let hi_span = arm_body.as_ref().map_or(span_before_body, |body| body.span);
+            let arm_span = lo.to(hi_span);
+
+            // We want to recover:
+            // X |     Some(_) => foo()
+            //   |                     - missing comma
+            // X |     None => "x"
+            //   |     ^^^^ self.token.span
+            // as well as:
+            // X |     Some(!)
+            //   |            - missing comma
+            // X |     None => "x"
+            //   |     ^^^^ self.token.span
+            // But we musn't recover
+            // X |     pat[0] => {}
+            //   |        ^ self.token.span
+            let recover_missing_comma = arm_body.is_some() || pat.could_be_never_pattern();
+            if recover_missing_comma {
+                result = result.or_else(|err| {
+                    // FIXME(compiler-errors): We could also recover `; PAT =>` here
+
+                    // Try to parse a following `PAT =>`, if successful
+                    // then we should recover.
+                    let mut snapshot = this.create_snapshot_for_diagnostic();
+                    let pattern_follows = snapshot
+                        .parse_pat_no_top_guard(
+                            None,
+                            RecoverComma::Yes,
+                            RecoverColon::Yes,
+                            CommaRecoveryMode::EitherTupleOrPipe,
+                        )
+                        .map_err(|err| err.cancel())
+                        .is_ok();
+                    if pattern_follows && snapshot.check(exp!(FatArrow)) {
+                        err.cancel();
+                        let guar = this.dcx().emit_err(errors::MissingCommaAfterMatchArm {
+                            span: arm_span.shrink_to_hi(),
+                        });
+                        return Ok(Recovered::Yes(guar));
+                    }
+                    Err(err)
+                });
+            }
+            result?;
+
+            Ok((
+                ast::Arm {
+                    attrs,
+                    pat,
+                    guard,
+                    body: arm_body,
+                    span: arm_span,
+                    id: DUMMY_NODE_ID,
+                    is_placeholder: false,
+                },
+                Trailing::No,
+                UsePreAttrPos::No,
+            ))
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn parse_match_arm_guard(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, Option<P<Expr>>> {
+        // Used to check the `if_let_guard` feature mostly by scanning
+        // `&&` tokens.
+        fn has_let_expr(expr: &Expr) -> bool {
+            match &expr.kind {
+                ExprKind::Binary(BinOp { node: BinOpKind::And, .. }, lhs, rhs) => {
+                    let lhs_rslt = has_let_expr(lhs);
+                    let rhs_rslt = has_let_expr(rhs);
+                    lhs_rslt || rhs_rslt
+                }
+                ExprKind::Let(..) => true,
+                _ => false,
+            }
+        }
+        if !self.eat_keyword(exp!(If)) {
+            // No match arm guard present.
+            return Ok(None);
+        }
+
+        let if_span = self.prev_token.span;
+        let mut cond = self.parse_match_guard_condition()?;
+
+        CondChecker::new(self, LetChainsPolicy::AlwaysAllowed).visit_expr(&mut cond);
+
+        if has_let_expr(&cond) {
+            let span = if_span.to(cond.span);
+            self.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::if_let_guard, span);
+        }
+        Ok(Some(cond))
+    }
+
+    fn parse_match_arm_pat_and_guard(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, (P<Pat>, Option<P<Expr>>)> {
+        if self.token == token::OpenParen {
+            let left = self.token.span;
+            let pat = self.parse_pat_no_top_guard(
+                None,
+                RecoverComma::Yes,
+                RecoverColon::Yes,
+                CommaRecoveryMode::EitherTupleOrPipe,
+            )?;
+            if let ast::PatKind::Paren(subpat) = &pat.kind
+                && let ast::PatKind::Guard(..) = &subpat.kind
+            {
+                // Detect and recover from `($pat if $cond) => $arm`.
+                // FIXME(guard_patterns): convert this to a normal guard instead
+                let span = pat.span;
+                let ast::PatKind::Paren(subpat) = pat.kind else { unreachable!() };
+                let ast::PatKind::Guard(_, mut cond) = subpat.kind else { unreachable!() };
+                self.psess.gated_spans.ungate_last(sym::guard_patterns, cond.span);
+                CondChecker::new(self, LetChainsPolicy::AlwaysAllowed).visit_expr(&mut cond);
+                let right = self.prev_token.span;
+                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::ParenthesesInMatchPat {
+                    span: vec![left, right],
+                    sugg: errors::ParenthesesInMatchPatSugg { left, right },
+                });
+                Ok((self.mk_pat(span, ast::PatKind::Wild), Some(cond)))
+            } else {
+                Ok((pat, self.parse_match_arm_guard()?))
+            }
+        } else {
+            // Regular parser flow:
+            let pat = self.parse_pat_no_top_guard(
+                None,
+                RecoverComma::Yes,
+                RecoverColon::Yes,
+                CommaRecoveryMode::EitherTupleOrPipe,
+            )?;
+            Ok((pat, self.parse_match_arm_guard()?))
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn parse_match_guard_condition(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+        match self.parse_expr_res(Restrictions::ALLOW_LET | Restrictions::IN_IF_GUARD, attrs) {
+            Ok((expr, _)) => Ok(expr),
+            Err(mut err) => {
+                if self.prev_token == token::OpenBrace {
+                    let sugg_sp = self.prev_token.span.shrink_to_lo();
+                    // Consume everything within the braces, let's avoid further parse
+                    // errors.
+                    self.recover_stmt_(SemiColonMode::Ignore, BlockMode::Ignore);
+                    let msg = "you might have meant to start a match arm after the match guard";
+                    if self.eat(exp!(CloseBrace)) {
+                        let applicability = if self.token != token::FatArrow {
+                            // We have high confidence that we indeed didn't have a struct
+                            // literal in the match guard, but rather we had some operation
+                            // that ended in a path, immediately followed by a block that was
+                            // meant to be the match arm.
+                            Applicability::MachineApplicable
+                        } else {
+                            Applicability::MaybeIncorrect
+                        };
+                        err.span_suggestion_verbose(sugg_sp, msg, "=> ", applicability);
+                    }
+                }
+                Err(err)
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn is_builtin(&self) -> bool {
+        self.token.is_keyword(kw::Builtin) && self.look_ahead(1, |t| *t == token::Pound)
+    }
+
+    /// Parses a `try {...}` expression (`try` token already eaten).
+    fn parse_try_block(&mut self, span_lo: Span) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let (attrs, body) = self.parse_inner_attrs_and_block(None)?;
+        if self.eat_keyword(exp!(Catch)) {
+            Err(self.dcx().create_err(errors::CatchAfterTry { span: self.prev_token.span }))
+        } else {
+            let span = span_lo.to(body.span);
+            self.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::try_blocks, span);
+            Ok(self.mk_expr_with_attrs(span, ExprKind::TryBlock(body), attrs))
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_do_catch_block(&self) -> bool {
+        self.token.is_keyword(kw::Do)
+            && self.is_keyword_ahead(1, &[kw::Catch])
+            && self.look_ahead(2, |t| *t == token::OpenBrace || t.is_metavar_block())
+            && !self.restrictions.contains(Restrictions::NO_STRUCT_LITERAL)
+    }
+
+    fn is_do_yeet(&self) -> bool {
+        self.token.is_keyword(kw::Do) && self.is_keyword_ahead(1, &[kw::Yeet])
+    }
+
+    fn is_try_block(&self) -> bool {
+        self.token.is_keyword(kw::Try)
+            && self.look_ahead(1, |t| *t == token::OpenBrace || t.is_metavar_block())
+            && self.token_uninterpolated_span().at_least_rust_2018()
+    }
+
+    /// Parses an `async move? {...}` or `gen move? {...}` expression.
+    fn parse_gen_block(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let lo = self.token.span;
+        let kind = if self.eat_keyword(exp!(Async)) {
+            if self.eat_keyword(exp!(Gen)) { GenBlockKind::AsyncGen } else { GenBlockKind::Async }
+        } else {
+            assert!(self.eat_keyword(exp!(Gen)));
+            GenBlockKind::Gen
+        };
+        match kind {
+            GenBlockKind::Async => {
+                // `async` blocks are stable
+            }
+            GenBlockKind::Gen | GenBlockKind::AsyncGen => {
+                self.psess.gated_spans.gate(sym::gen_blocks, lo.to(self.prev_token.span));
+            }
+        }
+        let capture_clause = self.parse_capture_clause()?;
+        let decl_span = lo.to(self.prev_token.span);
+        let (attrs, body) = self.parse_inner_attrs_and_block(None)?;
+        let kind = ExprKind::Gen(capture_clause, body, kind, decl_span);
+        Ok(self.mk_expr_with_attrs(lo.to(self.prev_token.span), kind, attrs))
+    }
+
+    fn is_gen_block(&self, kw: Symbol, lookahead: usize) -> bool {
+        self.is_keyword_ahead(lookahead, &[kw])
+            && ((
+                // `async move {`
+                self.is_keyword_ahead(lookahead + 1, &[kw::Move, kw::Use])
+                    && self.look_ahead(lookahead + 2, |t| {
+                        *t == token::OpenBrace || t.is_metavar_block()
+                    })
+            ) || (
+                // `async {`
+                self.look_ahead(lookahead + 1, |t| *t == token::OpenBrace || t.is_metavar_block())
+            ))
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn is_async_gen_block(&self) -> bool {
+        self.token.is_keyword(kw::Async) && self.is_gen_block(kw::Gen, 1)
+    }
+
+    fn is_certainly_not_a_block(&self) -> bool {
+        // `{ ident, ` and `{ ident: ` cannot start a block.
+        self.look_ahead(1, |t| t.is_ident())
+            && self.look_ahead(2, |t| t == &token::Comma || t == &token::Colon)
+    }
+
+    fn maybe_parse_struct_expr(
+        &mut self,
+        qself: &Option<P<ast::QSelf>>,
+        path: &ast::Path,
+    ) -> Option<PResult<'a, P<Expr>>> {
+        let struct_allowed = !self.restrictions.contains(Restrictions::NO_STRUCT_LITERAL);
+        if struct_allowed || self.is_certainly_not_a_block() {
+            if let Err(err) = self.expect(exp!(OpenBrace)) {
+                return Some(Err(err));
+            }
+            let expr = self.parse_expr_struct(qself.clone(), path.clone(), true);
+            if let (Ok(expr), false) = (&expr, struct_allowed) {
+                // This is a struct literal, but we don't can't accept them here.
+                self.dcx().emit_err(errors::StructLiteralNotAllowedHere {
+                    span: expr.span,
+                    sub: errors::StructLiteralNotAllowedHereSugg {
+                        left: path.span.shrink_to_lo(),
+                        right: expr.span.shrink_to_hi(),
+                    },
+                });
+            }
+            return Some(expr);
+        }
+        None
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn parse_struct_fields(
+        &mut self,
+        pth: ast::Path,
+        recover: bool,
+        close: ExpTokenPair<'_>,
+    ) -> PResult<
+        'a,
+        (
+            ThinVec<ExprField>,
+            ast::StructRest,
+            Option<ErrorGuaranteed>, /* async blocks are forbidden in Rust 2015 */
+        ),
+    > {
+        let mut fields = ThinVec::new();
+        let mut base = ast::StructRest::None;
+        let mut recovered_async = None;
+        let in_if_guard = self.restrictions.contains(Restrictions::IN_IF_GUARD);
+
+        let async_block_err = |e: &mut Diag<'_>, span: Span| {
+            errors::AsyncBlockIn2015 { span }.add_to_diag(e);
+            errors::HelpUseLatestEdition::new().add_to_diag(e);
+        };
+
+        while self.token != *close.tok {
+            if self.eat(exp!(DotDot)) || self.recover_struct_field_dots(close.tok) {
+                let exp_span = self.prev_token.span;
+                // We permit `.. }` on the left-hand side of a destructuring assignment.
+                if self.check(close) {
+                    base = ast::StructRest::Rest(self.prev_token.span);
+                    break;
+                }
+                match self.parse_expr() {
+                    Ok(e) => base = ast::StructRest::Base(e),
+                    Err(e) if recover => {
+                        e.emit();
+                        self.recover_stmt();
+                    }
+                    Err(e) => return Err(e),
+                }
+                self.recover_struct_comma_after_dotdot(exp_span);
+                break;
+            }
+
+            // Peek the field's ident before parsing its expr in order to emit better diagnostics.
+            let peek = self
+                .token
+                .ident()
+                .filter(|(ident, is_raw)| {
+                    (!ident.is_reserved() || matches!(is_raw, IdentIsRaw::Yes))
+                        && self.look_ahead(1, |tok| *tok == token::Colon)
+                })
+                .map(|(ident, _)| ident);
+
+            // We still want a field even if its expr didn't parse.
+            let field_ident = |this: &Self, guar: ErrorGuaranteed| {
+                peek.map(|ident| {
+                    let span = ident.span;
+                    ExprField {
+                        ident,
+                        span,
+                        expr: this.mk_expr_err(span, guar),
+                        is_shorthand: false,
+                        attrs: AttrVec::new(),
+                        id: DUMMY_NODE_ID,
+                        is_placeholder: false,
+                    }
+                })
+            };
+
+            let parsed_field = match self.parse_expr_field() {
+                Ok(f) => Ok(f),
+                Err(mut e) => {
+                    if pth == kw::Async {
+                        async_block_err(&mut e, pth.span);
+                    } else {
+                        e.span_label(pth.span, "while parsing this struct");
+                    }
+
+                    if let Some((ident, _)) = self.token.ident()
+                        && !self.token.is_reserved_ident()
+                        && self.look_ahead(1, |t| {
+                            AssocOp::from_token(t).is_some()
+                                || matches!(
+                                    t.kind,
+                                    token::OpenParen | token::OpenBracket | token::OpenBrace
+                                )
+                                || *t == token::Dot
+                        })
+                    {
+                        // Looks like they tried to write a shorthand, complex expression,
+                        // E.g.: `n + m`, `f(a)`, `a[i]`, `S { x: 3 }`, or `x.y`.
+                        e.span_suggestion_verbose(
+                            self.token.span.shrink_to_lo(),
+                            "try naming a field",
+                            &format!("{ident}: ",),
+                            Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
+                        );
+                    }
+                    if in_if_guard && close.token_type == TokenType::CloseBrace {
+                        return Err(e);
+                    }
+
+                    if !recover {
+                        return Err(e);
+                    }
+
+                    let guar = e.emit();
+                    if pth == kw::Async {
+                        recovered_async = Some(guar);
+                    }
+
+                    // If the next token is a comma, then try to parse
+                    // what comes next as additional fields, rather than
+                    // bailing out until next `}`.
+                    if self.token != token::Comma {
+                        self.recover_stmt_(SemiColonMode::Comma, BlockMode::Ignore);
+                        if self.token != token::Comma {
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    Err(guar)
+                }
+            };
+
+            let is_shorthand = parsed_field.as_ref().is_ok_and(|f| f.is_shorthand);
+            // A shorthand field can be turned into a full field with `:`.
+            // We should point this out.
+            self.check_or_expected(!is_shorthand, TokenType::Colon);
+
+            match self.expect_one_of(&[exp!(Comma)], &[close]) {
+                Ok(_) => {
+                    if let Ok(f) = parsed_field.or_else(|guar| field_ident(self, guar).ok_or(guar))
+                    {
+                        // Only include the field if there's no parse error for the field name.
+                        fields.push(f);
+                    }
+                }
+                Err(mut e) => {
+                    if pth == kw::Async {
+                        async_block_err(&mut e, pth.span);
+                    } else {
+                        e.span_label(pth.span, "while parsing this struct");
+                        if peek.is_some() {
+                            e.span_suggestion(
+                                self.prev_token.span.shrink_to_hi(),
+                                "try adding a comma",
+                                ",",
+                                Applicability::MachineApplicable,
+                            );
+                        }
+                    }
+                    if !recover {
+                        return Err(e);
+                    }
+                    let guar = e.emit();
+                    if pth == kw::Async {
+                        recovered_async = Some(guar);
+                    } else if let Some(f) = field_ident(self, guar) {
+                        fields.push(f);
+                    }
+                    self.recover_stmt_(SemiColonMode::Comma, BlockMode::Ignore);
+                    let _ = self.eat(exp!(Comma));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Ok((fields, base, recovered_async))
+    }
+
+    /// Precondition: already parsed the '{'.
+    pub(super) fn parse_expr_struct(
+        &mut self,
+        qself: Option<P<ast::QSelf>>,
+        pth: ast::Path,
+        recover: bool,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        let lo = pth.span;
+        let (fields, base, recovered_async) =
+            self.parse_struct_fields(pth.clone(), recover, exp!(CloseBrace))?;
+        let span = lo.to(self.token.span);
+        self.expect(exp!(CloseBrace))?;
+        let expr = if let Some(guar) = recovered_async {
+            ExprKind::Err(guar)
+        } else {
+            ExprKind::Struct(P(ast::StructExpr { qself, path: pth, fields, rest: base }))
+        };
+        Ok(self.mk_expr(span, expr))
+    }
+
+    fn recover_struct_comma_after_dotdot(&mut self, span: Span) {
+        if self.token != token::Comma {
+            return;
+        }
+        self.dcx().emit_err(errors::CommaAfterBaseStruct {
+            span: span.to(self.prev_token.span),
+            comma: self.token.span,
+        });
+        self.recover_stmt();
+    }
+
+    fn recover_struct_field_dots(&mut self, close: &TokenKind) -> bool {
+        if !self.look_ahead(1, |t| t == close) && self.eat(exp!(DotDotDot)) {
+            // recover from typo of `...`, suggest `..`
+            let span = self.prev_token.span;
+            self.dcx().emit_err(errors::MissingDotDot { token_span: span, sugg_span: span });
+            return true;
+        }
+        false
+    }
+
+    /// Converts an ident into 'label and emits an "expected a label, found an identifier" error.
+    fn recover_ident_into_label(&mut self, ident: Ident) -> Label {
+        // Convert `label` -> `'label`,
+        // so that nameres doesn't complain about non-existing label
+        let label = format!("'{}", ident.name);
+        let ident = Ident::new(Symbol::intern(&label), ident.span);
+
+        self.dcx().emit_err(errors::ExpectedLabelFoundIdent {
+            span: ident.span,
+            start: ident.span.shrink_to_lo(),
+        });
+
+        Label { ident }
+    }
+
+    /// Parses `ident (COLON expr)?`.
+    fn parse_expr_field(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, ExprField> {
+        let attrs = self.parse_outer_attributes()?;
+        self.recover_vcs_conflict_marker();
+        self.collect_tokens(None, attrs, ForceCollect::No, |this, attrs| {
+            let lo = this.token.span;
+
+            // Check if a colon exists one ahead. This means we're parsing a fieldname.
+            let is_shorthand = !this.look_ahead(1, |t| t == &token::Colon || t == &token::Eq);
+            // Proactively check whether parsing the field will be incorrect.
+            let is_wrong = this.token.is_non_reserved_ident()
+                && !this.look_ahead(1, |t| {
+                    t == &token::Colon
+                        || t == &token::Eq
+                        || t == &token::Comma
+                        || t == &token::CloseBrace
+                        || t == &token::CloseParen
+                });
+            if is_wrong {
+                return Err(this.dcx().create_err(errors::ExpectedStructField {
+                    span: this.look_ahead(1, |t| t.span),
+                    ident_span: this.token.span,
+                    token: this.look_ahead(1, |t| *t),
+                }));
+            }
+            let (ident, expr) = if is_shorthand {
+                // Mimic `x: x` for the `x` field shorthand.
+                let ident = this.parse_ident_common(false)?;
+                let path = ast::Path::from_ident(ident);
+                (ident, this.mk_expr(ident.span, ExprKind::Path(None, path)))
+            } else {
+                let ident = this.parse_field_name()?;
+                this.error_on_eq_field_init(ident);
+                this.bump(); // `:`
+                (ident, this.parse_expr()?)
+            };
+
+            Ok((
+                ast::ExprField {
+                    ident,
+                    span: lo.to(expr.span),
+                    expr,
+                    is_shorthand,
+                    attrs,
+                    id: DUMMY_NODE_ID,
+                    is_placeholder: false,
+                },
+                Trailing::from(this.token == token::Comma),
+                UsePreAttrPos::No,
+            ))
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Check for `=`. This means the source incorrectly attempts to
+    /// initialize a field with an eq rather than a colon.
+    fn error_on_eq_field_init(&self, field_name: Ident) {
+        if self.token != token::Eq {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        self.dcx().emit_err(errors::EqFieldInit {
+            span: self.token.span,
+            eq: field_name.span.shrink_to_hi().to(self.token.span),
+        });
+    }
+
+    fn err_dotdotdot_syntax(&self, span: Span) {
+        self.dcx().emit_err(errors::DotDotDot { span });
+    }
+
+    fn err_larrow_operator(&self, span: Span) {
+        self.dcx().emit_err(errors::LeftArrowOperator { span });
+    }
+
+    fn mk_assign_op(&self, assign_op: AssignOp, lhs: P<Expr>, rhs: P<Expr>) -> ExprKind {
+        ExprKind::AssignOp(assign_op, lhs, rhs)
+    }
+
+    fn mk_range(
+        &mut self,
+        start: Option<P<Expr>>,
+        end: Option<P<Expr>>,
+        limits: RangeLimits,
+    ) -> ExprKind {
+        if end.is_none() && limits == RangeLimits::Closed {
+            let guar = self.inclusive_range_with_incorrect_end();
+            ExprKind::Err(guar)
+        } else {
+            ExprKind::Range(start, end, limits)
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn mk_unary(&self, unop: UnOp, expr: P<Expr>) -> ExprKind {
+        ExprKind::Unary(unop, expr)
+    }
+
+    fn mk_binary(&self, binop: BinOp, lhs: P<Expr>, rhs: P<Expr>) -> ExprKind {
+        ExprKind::Binary(binop, lhs, rhs)
+    }
+
+    fn mk_index(&self, expr: P<Expr>, idx: P<Expr>, brackets_span: Span) -> ExprKind {
+        ExprKind::Index(expr, idx, brackets_span)
+    }
+
+    fn mk_call(&self, f: P<Expr>, args: ThinVec<P<Expr>>) -> ExprKind {
+        ExprKind::Call(f, args)
+    }
+
+    fn mk_await_expr(&mut self, self_arg: P<Expr>, lo: Span) -> P<Expr> {
+        let span = lo.to(self.prev_token.span);
+        let await_expr = self.mk_expr(span, ExprKind::Await(self_arg, self.prev_token.span));
+        self.recover_from_await_method_call();
+        await_expr
+    }
+
+    fn mk_use_expr(&mut self, self_arg: P<Expr>, lo: Span) -> P<Expr> {
+        let span = lo.to(self.prev_token.span);
+        let use_expr = self.mk_expr(span, ExprKind::Use(self_arg, self.prev_token.span));
+        self.recover_from_use();
+        use_expr
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn mk_expr_with_attrs(&self, span: Span, kind: ExprKind, attrs: AttrVec) -> P<Expr> {
+        P(Expr { kind, span, attrs, id: DUMMY_NODE_ID, tokens: None })
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn mk_expr(&self, span: Span, kind: ExprKind) -> P<Expr> {
+        self.mk_expr_with_attrs(span, kind, AttrVec::new())
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn mk_expr_err(&self, span: Span, guar: ErrorGuaranteed) -> P<Expr> {
+        self.mk_expr(span, ExprKind::Err(guar))
+    }
+
+    /// Create expression span ensuring the span of the parent node
+    /// is larger than the span of lhs and rhs, including the attributes.
+    fn mk_expr_sp(&self, lhs: &P<Expr>, lhs_span: Span, op_span: Span, rhs_span: Span) -> Span {
+        lhs.attrs
+            .iter()
+            .find(|a| a.style == AttrStyle::Outer)
+            .map_or(lhs_span, |a| a.span)
+            .to(op_span)
+            .to(rhs_span)
+    }
+
+    fn collect_tokens_for_expr(
+        &mut self,
+        attrs: AttrWrapper,
+        f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self, ast::AttrVec) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>>,
+    ) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+        self.collect_tokens(None, attrs, ForceCollect::No, |this, attrs| {
+            let res = f(this, attrs)?;
+            let trailing = Trailing::from(
+                this.restrictions.contains(Restrictions::STMT_EXPR)
+                     && this.token == token::Semi
+                // FIXME: pass an additional condition through from the place
+                // where we know we need a comma, rather than assuming that
+                // `#[attr] expr,` always captures a trailing comma.
+                || this.token == token::Comma,
+            );
+            Ok((res, trailing, UsePreAttrPos::No))
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+/// Could this lifetime/label be an unclosed char literal? For example, `'a`
+/// could be, but `'abc` could not.
+pub(crate) fn could_be_unclosed_char_literal(ident: Ident) -> bool {
+    ident.name.as_str().starts_with('\'')
+        && unescape_char(ident.without_first_quote().name.as_str()).is_ok()
+}
+
+/// Used to forbid `let` expressions in certain syntactic locations.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Subdiagnostic)]
+pub(crate) enum ForbiddenLetReason {
+    /// `let` is not valid and the source environment is not important
+    OtherForbidden,
+    /// A let chain with the `||` operator
+    #[note(parse_not_supported_or)]
+    NotSupportedOr(#[primary_span] Span),
+    /// A let chain with invalid parentheses
+    ///
+    /// For example, `let 1 = 1 && (expr && expr)` is allowed
+    /// but `(let 1 = 1 && (let 1 = 1 && (let 1 = 1))) && let a = 1` is not
+    #[note(parse_not_supported_parentheses)]
+    NotSupportedParentheses(#[primary_span] Span),
+}
+
+/// Whether let chains are allowed on all editions, or it's edition dependent (allowed only on
+/// 2024 and later). In case of edition dependence, specify the currently present edition.
+pub enum LetChainsPolicy {
+    AlwaysAllowed,
+    EditionDependent { current_edition: Edition },
+}
+
+/// Visitor to check for invalid use of `ExprKind::Let` that can't
+/// easily be caught in parsing. For example:
+///
+/// ```rust,ignore (example)
+/// // Only know that the let isn't allowed once the `||` token is reached
+/// if let Some(x) = y || true {}
+/// // Only know that the let isn't allowed once the second `=` token is reached.
+/// if let Some(x) = y && z = 1 {}
+/// ```
+struct CondChecker<'a> {
+    parser: &'a Parser<'a>,
+    let_chains_policy: LetChainsPolicy,
+    depth: u32,
+    forbid_let_reason: Option<ForbiddenLetReason>,
+    missing_let: Option<errors::MaybeMissingLet>,
+    comparison: Option<errors::MaybeComparison>,
+}
+
+impl<'a> CondChecker<'a> {
+    fn new(parser: &'a Parser<'a>, let_chains_policy: LetChainsPolicy) -> Self {
+        CondChecker {
+            parser,
+            forbid_let_reason: None,
+            missing_let: None,
+            comparison: None,
+            let_chains_policy,
+            depth: 0,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl MutVisitor for CondChecker<'_> {
+    fn visit_expr(&mut self, e: &mut Expr) {
+        self.depth += 1;
+        use ForbiddenLetReason::*;
+
+        let span = e.span;
+        match e.kind {
+            ExprKind::Let(_, _, _, ref mut recovered @ Recovered::No) => {
+                if let Some(reason) = self.forbid_let_reason {
+                    let error = match reason {
+                        NotSupportedOr(or_span) => {
+                            self.parser.dcx().emit_err(errors::OrInLetChain { span: or_span })
+                        }
+                        _ => self.parser.dcx().emit_err(errors::ExpectedExpressionFoundLet {
+                            span,
+                            reason,
+                            missing_let: self.missing_let,
+                            comparison: self.comparison,
+                        }),
+                    };
+                    *recovered = Recovered::Yes(error);
+                } else if self.depth > 1 {
+                    // Top level `let` is always allowed; only gate chains
+                    match self.let_chains_policy {
+                        LetChainsPolicy::AlwaysAllowed => (),
+                        LetChainsPolicy::EditionDependent { current_edition } => {
+                            if !current_edition.at_least_rust_2024() || !span.at_least_rust_2024() {
+                                self.parser.dcx().emit_err(errors::LetChainPre2024 { span });
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            ExprKind::Binary(Spanned { node: BinOpKind::And, .. }, _, _) => {
+                mut_visit::walk_expr(self, e);
+            }
+            ExprKind::Binary(Spanned { node: BinOpKind::Or, span: or_span }, _, _)
+                if let None | Some(NotSupportedOr(_)) = self.forbid_let_reason =>
+            {
+                let forbid_let_reason = self.forbid_let_reason;
+                self.forbid_let_reason = Some(NotSupportedOr(or_span));
+                mut_visit::walk_expr(self, e);
+                self.forbid_let_reason = forbid_let_reason;
+            }
+            ExprKind::Paren(ref inner)
+                if let None | Some(NotSupportedParentheses(_)) = self.forbid_let_reason =>
+            {
+                let forbid_let_reason = self.forbid_let_reason;
+                self.forbid_let_reason = Some(NotSupportedParentheses(inner.span));
+                mut_visit::walk_expr(self, e);
+                self.forbid_let_reason = forbid_let_reason;
+            }
+            ExprKind::Assign(ref lhs, _, span) => {
+                let forbid_let_reason = self.forbid_let_reason;
+                self.forbid_let_reason = Some(OtherForbidden);
+                let missing_let = self.missing_let;
+                if let ExprKind::Binary(_, _, rhs) = &lhs.kind
+                    && let ExprKind::Path(_, _)
+                    | ExprKind::Struct(_)
+                    | ExprKind::Call(_, _)
+                    | ExprKind::Array(_) = rhs.kind
+                {
+                    self.missing_let =
+                        Some(errors::MaybeMissingLet { span: rhs.span.shrink_to_lo() });
+                }
+                let comparison = self.comparison;
+                self.comparison = Some(errors::MaybeComparison { span: span.shrink_to_hi() });
+                mut_visit::walk_expr(self, e);
+                self.forbid_let_reason = forbid_let_reason;
+                self.missing_let = missing_let;
+                self.comparison = comparison;
+            }
+            ExprKind::Unary(_, _)
+            | ExprKind::Await(_, _)
+            | ExprKind::Use(_, _)
+            | ExprKind::AssignOp(_, _, _)
+            | ExprKind::Range(_, _, _)
+            | ExprKind::Try(_)
+            | ExprKind::AddrOf(_, _, _)
+            | ExprKind::Binary(_, _, _)
+            | ExprKind::Field(_, _)
+            | ExprKind::Index(_, _, _)
+            | ExprKind::Call(_, _)
+            | ExprKind::MethodCall(_)
+            | ExprKind::Tup(_)
+            | ExprKind::Paren(_) => {
+                let forbid_let_reason = self.forbid_let_reason;
+                self.forbid_let_reason = Some(OtherForbidden);
+                mut_visit::walk_expr(self, e);
+                self.forbid_let_reason = forbid_let_reason;
+            }
+            ExprKind::Cast(ref mut op, _)
+            | ExprKind::Type(ref mut op, _)
+            | ExprKind::UnsafeBinderCast(_, ref mut op, _) => {
+                let forbid_let_reason = self.forbid_let_reason;
+                self.forbid_let_reason = Some(OtherForbidden);
+                self.visit_expr(op);
+                self.forbid_let_reason = forbid_let_reason;
+            }
+            ExprKind::Let(_, _, _, Recovered::Yes(_))
+            | ExprKind::Array(_)
+            | ExprKind::ConstBlock(_)
+            | ExprKind::Lit(_)
+            | ExprKind::If(_, _, _)
+            | ExprKind::While(_, _, _)
+            | ExprKind::ForLoop { .. }
+            | ExprKind::Loop(_, _, _)
+            | ExprKind::Match(_, _, _)
+            | ExprKind::Closure(_)
+            | ExprKind::Block(_, _)
+            | ExprKind::Gen(_, _, _, _)
+            | ExprKind::TryBlock(_)
+            | ExprKind::Underscore
+            | ExprKind::Path(_, _)
+            | ExprKind::Break(_, _)
+            | ExprKind::Continue(_)
+            | ExprKind::Ret(_)
+            | ExprKind::InlineAsm(_)
+            | ExprKind::OffsetOf(_, _)
+            | ExprKind::MacCall(_)
+            | ExprKind::Struct(_)
+            | ExprKind::Repeat(_, _)
+            | ExprKind::Yield(_)
+            | ExprKind::Yeet(_)
+            | ExprKind::Become(_)
+            | ExprKind::IncludedBytes(_)
+            | ExprKind::FormatArgs(_)
+            | ExprKind::Err(_)
+            | ExprKind::Dummy => {
+                // These would forbid any let expressions they contain already.
+            }
+        }
+        self.depth -= 1;
+    }
+}