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-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_abi/Cargo.toml8
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/type_check/liveness/trace.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/messages.ftl28
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/codegen_attrs.rs112
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/errors.rs104
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_hir/src/intravisit.rs4
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/hir_ty_lowering/lint.rs127
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_incremental/Cargo.toml2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_incremental/src/persist/fs.rs4
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_lint/src/default_could_be_derived.rs2
10 files changed, 265 insertions, 128 deletions
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_abi/Cargo.toml b/compiler/rustc_abi/Cargo.toml
index 86dc84e2016..5f9afc46a1a 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_abi/Cargo.toml
+++ b/compiler/rustc_abi/Cargo.toml
@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ edition = "2024"
 [dependencies]
 # tidy-alphabetical-start
 bitflags = "2.4.1"
-rand = { version = "0.8.4", default-features = false, optional = true }
-rand_xoshiro = { version = "0.6.0", optional = true }
-rustc_data_structures = { path = "../rustc_data_structures", optional = true  }
+rand = { version = "0.9.0", default-features = false, optional = true }
+rand_xoshiro = { version = "0.7.0", optional = true }
+rustc_data_structures = { path = "../rustc_data_structures", optional = true }
 rustc_hashes = { path = "../rustc_hashes" }
 rustc_index = { path = "../rustc_index", default-features = false }
 rustc_macros = { path = "../rustc_macros", optional = true }
-rustc_serialize = { path = "../rustc_serialize", optional = true  }
+rustc_serialize = { path = "../rustc_serialize", optional = true }
 rustc_span = { path = "../rustc_span", optional = true }
 tracing = "0.1"
 # tidy-alphabetical-end
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/type_check/liveness/trace.rs b/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/type_check/liveness/trace.rs
index dc35d5eb89c..32d398dc160 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/type_check/liveness/trace.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/type_check/liveness/trace.rs
@@ -610,7 +610,7 @@ impl<'tcx> LivenessContext<'_, '_, '_, 'tcx> {
             Err(ErrorGuaranteed { .. }) => {
                 // We don't run dropck on HIR, and dropck looks inside fields of
                 // types, so there's no guarantee that it succeeds. We also
-                // can't rely on the the `ErrorGuaranteed` from `fully_perform` here
+                // can't rely on the `ErrorGuaranteed` from `fully_perform` here
                 // because it comes from delay_span_bug.
                 //
                 // Do this inside of a probe because we don't particularly care (or want)
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/messages.ftl b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/messages.ftl
index f15d6fba506..95912b01600 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/messages.ftl
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/messages.ftl
@@ -18,6 +18,8 @@ codegen_ssa_atomic_compare_exchange = Atomic compare-exchange intrinsic missing
 
 codegen_ssa_autodiff_without_lto = using the autodiff feature requires using fat-lto
 
+codegen_ssa_bare_instruction_set = `#[instruction_set]` requires an argument
+
 codegen_ssa_binary_output_to_tty = option `-o` or `--emit` is used to write binary output type `{$shorthand}` to stdout, but stdout is a tty
 
 codegen_ssa_cgu_not_recorded =
@@ -52,6 +54,10 @@ codegen_ssa_error_creating_remark_dir = failed to create remark directory: {$err
 codegen_ssa_error_writing_def_file =
     Error writing .DEF file: {$error}
 
+codegen_ssa_expected_name_value_pair = expected name value pair
+
+codegen_ssa_expected_one_argument = expected one argument
+
 codegen_ssa_expected_used_symbol = expected `used`, `used(compiler)` or `used(linker)`
 
 codegen_ssa_extern_funcs_not_found = some `extern` functions couldn't be found; some native libraries may need to be installed or have their path specified
@@ -88,9 +94,17 @@ codegen_ssa_incorrect_cgu_reuse_type =
 
 codegen_ssa_insufficient_vs_code_product = VS Code is a different product, and is not sufficient.
 
+codegen_ssa_invalid_argument = invalid argument
+    .help = valid inline arguments are `always` and `never`
+
+codegen_ssa_invalid_instruction_set = invalid instruction set specified
+
 codegen_ssa_invalid_link_ordinal_nargs = incorrect number of arguments to `#[link_ordinal]`
     .note = the attribute requires exactly one argument
 
+codegen_ssa_invalid_literal_value = invalid literal value
+    .label = value must be an integer between `0` and `255`
+
 codegen_ssa_invalid_monomorphization_basic_float_type = invalid monomorphization of `{$name}` intrinsic: expected basic float type, found `{$ty}`
 
 codegen_ssa_invalid_monomorphization_basic_integer_type = invalid monomorphization of `{$name}` intrinsic: expected basic integer type, found `{$ty}`
@@ -217,6 +231,8 @@ codegen_ssa_msvc_missing_linker = the msvc targets depend on the msvc linker but
 
 codegen_ssa_multiple_external_func_decl = multiple declarations of external function `{$function}` from library `{$library_name}` have different calling conventions
 
+codegen_ssa_multiple_instruction_set = cannot specify more than one instruction set
+
 codegen_ssa_multiple_main_functions = entry symbol `main` declared multiple times
     .help = did you use `#[no_mangle]` on `fn main`? Use `#![no_main]` to suppress the usual Rust-generated entry point
 
@@ -229,6 +245,11 @@ codegen_ssa_no_natvis_directory = error enumerating natvis directory: {$error}
 
 codegen_ssa_no_saved_object_file = cached cgu {$cgu_name} should have an object file, but doesn't
 
+codegen_ssa_null_on_export = `export_name` may not contain null characters
+
+codegen_ssa_out_of_range_integer = integer value out of range
+    .label = value must be between `0` and `255`
+
 codegen_ssa_processing_dymutil_failed = processing debug info with `dsymutil` failed: {$status}
     .note = {$output}
 
@@ -236,6 +257,8 @@ codegen_ssa_read_file = failed to read file: {$message}
 
 codegen_ssa_repair_vs_build_tools = the Visual Studio build tools may need to be repaired using the Visual Studio installer
 
+codegen_ssa_requires_rust_abi = `#[track_caller]` requires Rust ABI
+
 codegen_ssa_rlib_archive_build_failure = failed to build archive from rlib at `{$path}`: {$error}
 
 codegen_ssa_rlib_incompatible_dependency_formats = `{$ty1}` and `{$ty2}` do not have equivalent dependency formats (`{$list1}` vs `{$list2}`)
@@ -356,6 +379,9 @@ codegen_ssa_unable_to_run_dsymutil = unable to run `dsymutil`: {$error}
 
 codegen_ssa_unable_to_write_debugger_visualizer = Unable to write debugger visualizer file `{$path}`: {$error}
 
+codegen_ssa_unexpected_parameter_name = unexpected parameter name
+    .label = expected `{$prefix_nops}` or `{$entry_nops}`
+
 codegen_ssa_unknown_archive_kind =
     Don't know how to build archive of type: {$kind}
 
@@ -367,6 +393,8 @@ codegen_ssa_unknown_reuse_kind = unknown cgu-reuse-kind `{$kind}` specified
 
 codegen_ssa_unsupported_arch = unsupported arch `{$arch}` for os `{$os}`
 
+codegen_ssa_unsupported_instruction_set = target does not support `#[instruction_set]`
+
 codegen_ssa_unsupported_link_self_contained = option `-C link-self-contained` is not supported on this target
 
 codegen_ssa_use_cargo_directive = use the `cargo:rustc-link-lib` directive to specify the native libraries to link with Cargo (see https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-scripts.html#rustc-link-lib)
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/codegen_attrs.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/codegen_attrs.rs
index 673740b4aab..90c53c34768 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/codegen_attrs.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/codegen_attrs.rs
@@ -8,8 +8,6 @@ use rustc_ast::{MetaItem, MetaItemInner, attr};
 use rustc_attr_parsing::ReprAttr::ReprAlign;
 use rustc_attr_parsing::{AttributeKind, InlineAttr, InstructionSetAttr, OptimizeAttr};
 use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxHashMap;
-use rustc_errors::codes::*;
-use rustc_errors::{DiagMessage, SubdiagMessage, struct_span_code_err};
 use rustc_hir::def::DefKind;
 use rustc_hir::def_id::{DefId, LOCAL_CRATE, LocalDefId};
 use rustc_hir::weak_lang_items::WEAK_LANG_ITEMS;
@@ -236,13 +234,7 @@ fn codegen_fn_attrs(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, did: LocalDefId) -> CodegenFnAttrs {
                     && let Some(fn_sig) = fn_sig()
                     && fn_sig.skip_binder().abi() != ExternAbi::Rust
                 {
-                    struct_span_code_err!(
-                        tcx.dcx(),
-                        attr.span(),
-                        E0737,
-                        "`#[track_caller]` requires Rust ABI"
-                    )
-                    .emit();
+                    tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::RequiresRustAbi { span: attr.span() });
                 }
                 if is_closure
                     && !tcx.features().closure_track_caller()
@@ -263,13 +255,7 @@ fn codegen_fn_attrs(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, did: LocalDefId) -> CodegenFnAttrs {
                     if s.as_str().contains('\0') {
                         // `#[export_name = ...]` will be converted to a null-terminated string,
                         // so it may not contain any null characters.
-                        struct_span_code_err!(
-                            tcx.dcx(),
-                            attr.span(),
-                            E0648,
-                            "`export_name` may not contain null characters"
-                        )
-                        .emit();
+                        tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::NullOnExport { span: attr.span() });
                     }
                     codegen_fn_attrs.export_name = Some(s);
                     mixed_export_name_no_mangle_lint_state.track_export_name(attr.span());
@@ -394,47 +380,28 @@ fn codegen_fn_attrs(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, did: LocalDefId) -> CodegenFnAttrs {
                                 [sym::arm, sym::a32 | sym::t32]
                                     if !tcx.sess.target.has_thumb_interworking =>
                                 {
-                                    struct_span_code_err!(
-                                        tcx.dcx(),
-                                        attr.span(),
-                                        E0779,
-                                        "target does not support `#[instruction_set]`"
-                                    )
-                                    .emit();
+                                    tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::UnsuportedInstructionSet {
+                                        span: attr.span(),
+                                    });
                                     None
                                 }
                                 [sym::arm, sym::a32] => Some(InstructionSetAttr::ArmA32),
                                 [sym::arm, sym::t32] => Some(InstructionSetAttr::ArmT32),
                                 _ => {
-                                    struct_span_code_err!(
-                                        tcx.dcx(),
-                                        attr.span(),
-                                        E0779,
-                                        "invalid instruction set specified",
-                                    )
-                                    .emit();
+                                    tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidInstructionSet {
+                                        span: attr.span(),
+                                    });
                                     None
                                 }
                             }
                         }
                         [] => {
-                            struct_span_code_err!(
-                                tcx.dcx(),
-                                attr.span(),
-                                E0778,
-                                "`#[instruction_set]` requires an argument"
-                            )
-                            .emit();
+                            tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::BareInstructionSet { span: attr.span() });
                             None
                         }
                         _ => {
-                            struct_span_code_err!(
-                                tcx.dcx(),
-                                attr.span(),
-                                E0779,
-                                "cannot specify more than one instruction set"
-                            )
-                            .emit();
+                            tcx.dcx()
+                                .emit_err(errors::MultipleInstructionSet { span: attr.span() });
                             None
                         }
                     })
@@ -445,58 +412,38 @@ fn codegen_fn_attrs(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, did: LocalDefId) -> CodegenFnAttrs {
                     let mut entry = None;
                     for item in l {
                         let Some(meta_item) = item.meta_item() else {
-                            tcx.dcx().span_err(item.span(), "expected name value pair");
+                            tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::ExpectedNameValuePair { span: item.span() });
                             continue;
                         };
 
                         let Some(name_value_lit) = meta_item.name_value_literal() else {
-                            tcx.dcx().span_err(item.span(), "expected name value pair");
+                            tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::ExpectedNameValuePair { span: item.span() });
                             continue;
                         };
 
-                        fn emit_error_with_label(
-                            tcx: TyCtxt<'_>,
-                            span: Span,
-                            error: impl Into<DiagMessage>,
-                            label: impl Into<SubdiagMessage>,
-                        ) {
-                            let mut err: rustc_errors::Diag<'_, _> =
-                                tcx.dcx().struct_span_err(span, error);
-                            err.span_label(span, label);
-                            err.emit();
-                        }
-
                         let attrib_to_write = match meta_item.name_or_empty() {
                             sym::prefix_nops => &mut prefix,
                             sym::entry_nops => &mut entry,
                             _ => {
-                                emit_error_with_label(
-                                    tcx,
-                                    item.span(),
-                                    "unexpected parameter name",
-                                    format!("expected {} or {}", sym::prefix_nops, sym::entry_nops),
-                                );
+                                tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::UnexpectedParameterName {
+                                    span: item.span(),
+                                    prefix_nops: sym::prefix_nops,
+                                    entry_nops: sym::entry_nops,
+                                });
                                 continue;
                             }
                         };
 
                         let rustc_ast::LitKind::Int(val, _) = name_value_lit.kind else {
-                            emit_error_with_label(
-                                tcx,
-                                name_value_lit.span,
-                                "invalid literal value",
-                                "value must be an integer between `0` and `255`",
-                            );
+                            tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidLiteralValue {
+                                span: name_value_lit.span,
+                            });
                             continue;
                         };
 
                         let Ok(val) = val.get().try_into() else {
-                            emit_error_with_label(
-                                tcx,
-                                name_value_lit.span,
-                                "integer value out of range",
-                                "value must be between `0` and `255`",
-                            );
+                            tcx.dcx()
+                                .emit_err(errors::OutOfRangeInteger { span: name_value_lit.span });
                             continue;
                         };
 
@@ -533,7 +480,7 @@ fn codegen_fn_attrs(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, did: LocalDefId) -> CodegenFnAttrs {
         inline_span = Some(attr.span());
 
         let [item] = &items[..] else {
-            struct_span_code_err!(tcx.dcx(), attr.span(), E0534, "expected one argument").emit();
+            tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::ExpectedOneArgument { span: attr.span() });
             return InlineAttr::None;
         };
 
@@ -542,9 +489,7 @@ fn codegen_fn_attrs(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, did: LocalDefId) -> CodegenFnAttrs {
         } else if item.has_name(sym::never) {
             InlineAttr::Never
         } else {
-            struct_span_code_err!(tcx.dcx(), items[0].span(), E0535, "invalid argument")
-                .with_help("valid inline arguments are `always` and `never`")
-                .emit();
+            tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidArgument { span: items[0].span() });
 
             InlineAttr::None
         }
@@ -575,9 +520,8 @@ fn codegen_fn_attrs(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, did: LocalDefId) -> CodegenFnAttrs {
         if !attr.has_name(sym::optimize) {
             return ia;
         }
-        let err = |sp, s| struct_span_code_err!(tcx.dcx(), sp, E0722, "{}", s).emit();
         if attr.is_word() {
-            err(attr.span(), "expected one argument");
+            tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::ExpectedOneArgumentOptimize { span: attr.span() });
             return ia;
         }
         let Some(ref items) = attr.meta_item_list() else {
@@ -586,7 +530,7 @@ fn codegen_fn_attrs(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, did: LocalDefId) -> CodegenFnAttrs {
 
         inline_span = Some(attr.span());
         let [item] = &items[..] else {
-            err(attr.span(), "expected one argument");
+            tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::ExpectedOneArgumentOptimize { span: attr.span() });
             return OptimizeAttr::Default;
         };
         if item.has_name(sym::size) {
@@ -596,7 +540,7 @@ fn codegen_fn_attrs(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, did: LocalDefId) -> CodegenFnAttrs {
         } else if item.has_name(sym::none) {
             OptimizeAttr::DoNotOptimize
         } else {
-            err(item.span(), "invalid argument");
+            tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::InvalidArgumentOptimize { span: item.span() });
             OptimizeAttr::Default
         }
     });
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/errors.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/errors.rs
index ccf6d12977f..394c80fcfbd 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/errors.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/errors.rs
@@ -136,6 +136,110 @@ pub(crate) struct NoSavedObjectFile<'a> {
 }
 
 #[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(codegen_ssa_requires_rust_abi, code = E0737)]
+pub(crate) struct RequiresRustAbi {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(codegen_ssa_null_on_export, code = E0648)]
+pub(crate) struct NullOnExport {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(codegen_ssa_unsupported_instruction_set, code = E0779)]
+pub(crate) struct UnsuportedInstructionSet {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(codegen_ssa_invalid_instruction_set, code = E0779)]
+pub(crate) struct InvalidInstructionSet {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(codegen_ssa_bare_instruction_set, code = E0778)]
+pub(crate) struct BareInstructionSet {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(codegen_ssa_multiple_instruction_set, code = E0779)]
+pub(crate) struct MultipleInstructionSet {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(codegen_ssa_expected_name_value_pair)]
+pub(crate) struct ExpectedNameValuePair {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(codegen_ssa_unexpected_parameter_name)]
+pub(crate) struct UnexpectedParameterName {
+    #[primary_span]
+    #[label]
+    pub span: Span,
+    pub prefix_nops: Symbol,
+    pub entry_nops: Symbol,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(codegen_ssa_invalid_literal_value)]
+pub(crate) struct InvalidLiteralValue {
+    #[primary_span]
+    #[label]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(codegen_ssa_out_of_range_integer)]
+pub(crate) struct OutOfRangeInteger {
+    #[primary_span]
+    #[label]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(codegen_ssa_expected_one_argument, code = E0534)]
+pub(crate) struct ExpectedOneArgument {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(codegen_ssa_expected_one_argument, code = E0722)]
+pub(crate) struct ExpectedOneArgumentOptimize {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(codegen_ssa_invalid_argument, code = E0535)]
+#[help]
+pub(crate) struct InvalidArgument {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(codegen_ssa_invalid_argument, code = E0722)]
+pub(crate) struct InvalidArgumentOptimize {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
 #[diag(codegen_ssa_copy_path_buf)]
 pub(crate) struct CopyPathBuf {
     pub source_file: PathBuf,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir/src/intravisit.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir/src/intravisit.rs
index 25d2a825343..3ef645a5f61 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir/src/intravisit.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir/src/intravisit.rs
@@ -363,7 +363,7 @@ pub trait Visitor<'v>: Sized {
     /// See the doc comments on [`Ty`] for an explanation of what it means for a type to be
     /// ambiguous.
     ///
-    /// The [`Visitor::visit_infer`] method should be overriden in order to handle infer vars.
+    /// The [`Visitor::visit_infer`] method should be overridden in order to handle infer vars.
     fn visit_ty(&mut self, t: &'v Ty<'v, AmbigArg>) -> Self::Result {
         walk_ty(self, t)
     }
@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ pub trait Visitor<'v>: Sized {
     /// See the doc comments on [`ConstArg`] for an explanation of what it means for a const to be
     /// ambiguous.
     ///
-    /// The [`Visitor::visit_infer`] method should be overriden in order to handle infer vars.
+    /// The [`Visitor::visit_infer`] method should be overridden in order to handle infer vars.
     fn visit_const_arg(&mut self, c: &'v ConstArg<'v, AmbigArg>) -> Self::Result {
         walk_ambig_const_arg(self, c)
     }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/hir_ty_lowering/lint.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/hir_ty_lowering/lint.rs
index 3611db7c68f..e78801dd601 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/hir_ty_lowering/lint.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/hir_ty_lowering/lint.rs
@@ -78,13 +78,16 @@ impl<'tcx> dyn HirTyLowerer<'tcx> + '_ {
         }
 
         if self_ty.span.edition().at_least_rust_2021() {
-            let msg = "expected a type, found a trait";
-            let label = "you can add the `dyn` keyword if you want a trait object";
-            let mut diag =
-                rustc_errors::struct_span_code_err!(self.dcx(), self_ty.span, E0782, "{}", msg);
+            let mut diag = rustc_errors::struct_span_code_err!(
+                self.dcx(),
+                self_ty.span,
+                E0782,
+                "{}",
+                "expected a type, found a trait"
+            );
             if self_ty.span.can_be_used_for_suggestions()
                 && !self.maybe_suggest_impl_trait(self_ty, &mut diag)
-                && !self.maybe_suggest_dyn_trait(self_ty, label, sugg, &mut diag)
+                && !self.maybe_suggest_dyn_trait(self_ty, sugg, &mut diag)
             {
                 self.maybe_suggest_add_generic_impl_trait(self_ty, &mut diag);
             }
@@ -123,31 +126,62 @@ impl<'tcx> dyn HirTyLowerer<'tcx> + '_ {
         }
     }
 
+    /// For a struct or enum with an invalid bare trait object field, suggest turning
+    /// it into a generic type bound.
     fn maybe_suggest_add_generic_impl_trait(
         &self,
         self_ty: &hir::Ty<'_>,
         diag: &mut Diag<'_>,
     ) -> bool {
         let tcx = self.tcx();
-        let msg = "you might be missing a type parameter";
-        let mut sugg = vec![];
 
-        let parent_id = tcx.hir_get_parent_item(self_ty.hir_id).def_id;
-        let parent_item = tcx.hir_node_by_def_id(parent_id).expect_item();
-        match parent_item.kind {
-            hir::ItemKind::Struct(_, generics) | hir::ItemKind::Enum(_, generics) => {
-                sugg.push((
-                    generics.where_clause_span,
-                    format!(
-                        "<T: {}>",
-                        self.tcx().sess.source_map().span_to_snippet(self_ty.span).unwrap()
-                    ),
-                ));
-                sugg.push((self_ty.span, "T".to_string()));
+        let parent_hir_id = tcx.parent_hir_id(self_ty.hir_id);
+        let parent_item = tcx.hir_get_parent_item(self_ty.hir_id).def_id;
+
+        let generics = match tcx.hir_node_by_def_id(parent_item) {
+            hir::Node::Item(hir::Item {
+                kind: hir::ItemKind::Struct(variant, generics), ..
+            }) => {
+                if !variant.fields().iter().any(|field| field.hir_id == parent_hir_id) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                generics
             }
-            _ => {}
+            hir::Node::Item(hir::Item { kind: hir::ItemKind::Enum(def, generics), .. }) => {
+                if !def
+                    .variants
+                    .iter()
+                    .flat_map(|variant| variant.data.fields().iter())
+                    .any(|field| field.hir_id == parent_hir_id)
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                generics
+            }
+            _ => return false,
+        };
+
+        let Ok(rendered_ty) = tcx.sess.source_map().span_to_snippet(self_ty.span) else {
+            return false;
+        };
+
+        let param = "TUV"
+            .chars()
+            .map(|c| c.to_string())
+            .chain((0..).map(|i| format!("P{i}")))
+            .find(|s| !generics.params.iter().any(|param| param.name.ident().as_str() == s))
+            .expect("we definitely can find at least one param name to generate");
+        let mut sugg = vec![(self_ty.span, param.to_string())];
+        if let Some(insertion_span) = generics.span_for_param_suggestion() {
+            sugg.push((insertion_span, format!(", {param}: {}", rendered_ty)));
+        } else {
+            sugg.push((generics.where_clause_span, format!("<{param}: {}>", rendered_ty)));
         }
-        diag.multipart_suggestion_verbose(msg, sugg, Applicability::MachineApplicable);
+        diag.multipart_suggestion_verbose(
+            "you might be missing a type parameter",
+            sugg,
+            Applicability::MachineApplicable,
+        );
         true
     }
     /// Make sure that we are in the condition to suggest the blanket implementation.
@@ -198,32 +232,59 @@ impl<'tcx> dyn HirTyLowerer<'tcx> + '_ {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Try our best to approximate when adding `dyn` would be helpful for a bare
+    /// trait object.
+    ///
+    /// Right now, this is if the type is either directly nested in another ty,
+    /// or if it's in the tail field within a struct. This approximates what the
+    /// user would've gotten on edition 2015, except for the case where we have
+    /// an *obvious* knock-on `Sized` error.
     fn maybe_suggest_dyn_trait(
         &self,
         self_ty: &hir::Ty<'_>,
-        label: &str,
         sugg: Vec<(Span, String)>,
         diag: &mut Diag<'_>,
     ) -> bool {
         let tcx = self.tcx();
-        let parent_id = tcx.hir_get_parent_item(self_ty.hir_id).def_id;
-        let parent_item = tcx.hir_node_by_def_id(parent_id).expect_item();
 
-        // If the parent item is an enum, don't suggest the dyn trait.
-        if let hir::ItemKind::Enum(..) = parent_item.kind {
-            return false;
-        }
+        // Look at the direct HIR parent, since we care about the relationship between
+        // the type and the thing that directly encloses it.
+        match tcx.parent_hir_node(self_ty.hir_id) {
+            // These are all generally ok. Namely, when a trait object is nested
+            // into another expression or ty, it's either very certain that they
+            // missed the ty (e.g. `&Trait`) or it's not really possible to tell
+            // what their intention is, so let's not give confusing suggestions and
+            // just mention `dyn`. The user can make up their mind what to do here.
+            hir::Node::Ty(_)
+            | hir::Node::Expr(_)
+            | hir::Node::PatExpr(_)
+            | hir::Node::PathSegment(_)
+            | hir::Node::AssocItemConstraint(_)
+            | hir::Node::TraitRef(_)
+            | hir::Node::Item(_)
+            | hir::Node::WherePredicate(_) => {}
 
-        // If the parent item is a struct, check if self_ty is the last field.
-        if let hir::ItemKind::Struct(variant_data, _) = parent_item.kind {
-            if variant_data.fields().last().unwrap().ty.span != self_ty.span {
-                return false;
+            hir::Node::Field(field) => {
+                // Enums can't have unsized fields, fields can only have an unsized tail field.
+                if let hir::Node::Item(hir::Item {
+                    kind: hir::ItemKind::Struct(variant, _), ..
+                }) = tcx.parent_hir_node(field.hir_id)
+                    && variant
+                        .fields()
+                        .last()
+                        .is_some_and(|tail_field| tail_field.hir_id == field.hir_id)
+                {
+                    // Ok
+                } else {
+                    return false;
+                }
             }
+            _ => return false,
         }
 
         // FIXME: Only emit this suggestion if the trait is dyn-compatible.
         diag.multipart_suggestion_verbose(
-            label.to_string(),
+            "you can add the `dyn` keyword if you want a trait object",
             sugg,
             Applicability::MachineApplicable,
         );
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_incremental/Cargo.toml b/compiler/rustc_incremental/Cargo.toml
index 4939bfb3a1c..db0a5841887 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_incremental/Cargo.toml
+++ b/compiler/rustc_incremental/Cargo.toml
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ edition = "2024"
 
 [dependencies]
 # tidy-alphabetical-start
-rand = "0.8.4"
+rand = "0.9.0"
 rustc_ast = { path = "../rustc_ast" }
 rustc_data_structures = { path = "../rustc_data_structures" }
 rustc_errors = { path = "../rustc_errors" }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_incremental/src/persist/fs.rs b/compiler/rustc_incremental/src/persist/fs.rs
index 19cca48af61..76a1ff3cf38 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_incremental/src/persist/fs.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_incremental/src/persist/fs.rs
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ use std::io::{self, ErrorKind};
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::time::{Duration, SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
 
-use rand::{RngCore, thread_rng};
+use rand::{RngCore, rng};
 use rustc_data_structures::base_n::{BaseNString, CASE_INSENSITIVE, ToBaseN};
 use rustc_data_structures::fx::{FxHashSet, FxIndexSet};
 use rustc_data_structures::svh::Svh;
@@ -445,7 +445,7 @@ fn copy_files(sess: &Session, target_dir: &Path, source_dir: &Path) -> Result<bo
 fn generate_session_dir_path(crate_dir: &Path) -> PathBuf {
     let timestamp = timestamp_to_string(SystemTime::now());
     debug!("generate_session_dir_path: timestamp = {}", timestamp);
-    let random_number = thread_rng().next_u32();
+    let random_number = rng().next_u32();
     debug!("generate_session_dir_path: random_number = {}", random_number);
 
     // Chop the first 3 characters off the timestamp. Those 3 bytes will be zero for a while.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/default_could_be_derived.rs b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/default_could_be_derived.rs
index 59e38a882dd..58efca5e994 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/default_could_be_derived.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/default_could_be_derived.rs
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ impl<'tcx> LateLintPass<'tcx> for DefaultCouldBeDerived {
             return;
         }
 
-        // At least one of the fields with a default value have been overriden in
+        // At least one of the fields with a default value have been overridden in
         // the `Default` implementation. We suggest removing it and relying on `..`
         // instead.
         let any_default_field_given =