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-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_data_structures/Cargo.toml11
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/flock.rs5
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/flock/windows.rs64
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/profiling.rs33
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_driver_impl/Cargo.toml7
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/lib.rs8
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_errors/Cargo.toml10
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_errors/src/lib.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_errors/src/lock.rs81
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/collect/type_of.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/combine.rs17
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/syntax.rs5
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/traits/mod.rs13
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/fold.rs15
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/sty.rs14
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/build/custom/parse/instruction.rs22
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/expr.rs22
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_query_system/src/dep_graph/graph.rs1
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_query_system/src/query/plumbing.rs71
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_resolve/src/imports.rs38
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_session/Cargo.toml8
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_session/src/filesearch.rs47
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/assembly.rs47
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/canonical/mod.rs10
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/eval_ctxt.rs341
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/mod.rs290
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/project_goals.rs151
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/search_graph/mod.rs4
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/trait_goals.rs129
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/trait_goals/structural_traits.rs30
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/object_safety.rs21
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/candidate_assembly.rs30
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/specialize/mod.rs6
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/ty.rs42
34 files changed, 902 insertions, 695 deletions
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_data_structures/Cargo.toml b/compiler/rustc_data_structures/Cargo.toml
index f2a904a6654..24cf9812a25 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_data_structures/Cargo.toml
+++ b/compiler/rustc_data_structures/Cargo.toml
@@ -36,8 +36,15 @@ elsa = "1.8"
 [dependencies.parking_lot]
 version = "0.11"
 
-[target.'cfg(windows)'.dependencies]
-winapi = { version = "0.3", features = ["fileapi", "psapi", "winerror"] }
+[target.'cfg(windows)'.dependencies.windows]
+version = "0.46.0"
+features = [
+    "Win32_Foundation",
+    "Win32_Storage_FileSystem",
+    "Win32_System_IO",
+    "Win32_System_ProcessStatus",
+    "Win32_System_Threading",
+]
 
 [target.'cfg(not(target_arch = "wasm32"))'.dependencies]
 memmap2 = "0.2.1"
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/flock.rs b/compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/flock.rs
index e395d8dbbbf..efdb44248d1 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/flock.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/flock.rs
@@ -4,9 +4,6 @@
 //! green/native threading. This is just a bare-bones enough solution for
 //! librustdoc, it is not production quality at all.
 
-#![allow(non_camel_case_types)]
-#![allow(nonstandard_style)]
-
 cfg_if! {
     if #[cfg(target_os = "linux")] {
         mod linux;
@@ -16,7 +13,7 @@ cfg_if! {
         use unix as imp;
     } else if #[cfg(windows)] {
         mod windows;
-        use windows as imp;
+        use self::windows as imp;
     } else {
         mod unsupported;
         use unsupported as imp;
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/flock/windows.rs b/compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/flock/windows.rs
index 43e6caaa18d..da128f464a6 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/flock/windows.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/flock/windows.rs
@@ -1,13 +1,16 @@
 use std::fs::{File, OpenOptions};
 use std::io;
-use std::mem;
 use std::os::windows::prelude::*;
 use std::path::Path;
 
-use winapi::shared::winerror::ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION;
-use winapi::um::fileapi::LockFileEx;
-use winapi::um::minwinbase::{LOCKFILE_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK, LOCKFILE_FAIL_IMMEDIATELY, OVERLAPPED};
-use winapi::um::winnt::{FILE_SHARE_DELETE, FILE_SHARE_READ, FILE_SHARE_WRITE};
+use windows::{
+    Win32::Foundation::{ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION, HANDLE},
+    Win32::Storage::FileSystem::{
+        LockFileEx, FILE_SHARE_DELETE, FILE_SHARE_READ, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, LOCKFILE_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK,
+        LOCKFILE_FAIL_IMMEDIATELY, LOCK_FILE_FLAGS,
+    },
+    Win32::System::IO::OVERLAPPED,
+};
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct Lock {
@@ -25,7 +28,7 @@ impl Lock {
         let share_mode = FILE_SHARE_DELETE | FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE;
 
         let mut open_options = OpenOptions::new();
-        open_options.read(true).share_mode(share_mode);
+        open_options.read(true).share_mode(share_mode.0);
 
         if create {
             open_options.create(true).write(true);
@@ -43,33 +46,42 @@ impl Lock {
             }
         };
 
-        let ret = unsafe {
-            let mut overlapped: OVERLAPPED = mem::zeroed();
+        let mut flags = LOCK_FILE_FLAGS::default();
+        if !wait {
+            flags |= LOCKFILE_FAIL_IMMEDIATELY;
+        }
 
-            let mut dwFlags = 0;
-            if !wait {
-                dwFlags |= LOCKFILE_FAIL_IMMEDIATELY;
-            }
+        if exclusive {
+            flags |= LOCKFILE_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK;
+        }
 
-            if exclusive {
-                dwFlags |= LOCKFILE_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK;
-            }
+        let mut overlapped = OVERLAPPED::default();
 
-            debug!("attempting to acquire lock on lock file `{}`", p.display());
-            LockFileEx(file.as_raw_handle(), dwFlags, 0, 0xFFFF_FFFF, 0xFFFF_FFFF, &mut overlapped)
-        };
-        if ret == 0 {
-            let err = io::Error::last_os_error();
-            debug!("failed acquiring file lock: {}", err);
-            Err(err)
-        } else {
-            debug!("successfully acquired lock");
-            Ok(Lock { _file: file })
+        debug!("attempting to acquire lock on lock file `{}`", p.display());
+
+        unsafe {
+            LockFileEx(
+                HANDLE(file.as_raw_handle() as isize),
+                flags,
+                0,
+                u32::MAX,
+                u32::MAX,
+                &mut overlapped,
+            )
         }
+        .ok()
+        .map_err(|e| {
+            let err = io::Error::from_raw_os_error(e.code().0);
+            debug!("failed acquiring file lock: {}", err);
+            err
+        })?;
+
+        debug!("successfully acquired lock");
+        Ok(Lock { _file: file })
     }
 
     pub fn error_unsupported(err: &io::Error) -> bool {
-        err.raw_os_error() == Some(ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION as i32)
+        err.raw_os_error() == Some(ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION.0 as i32)
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/profiling.rs b/compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/profiling.rs
index 44331683694..3d9c7f6eae2 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/profiling.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_data_structures/src/profiling.rs
@@ -796,21 +796,26 @@ fn get_thread_id() -> u32 {
 cfg_if! {
     if #[cfg(windows)] {
         pub fn get_resident_set_size() -> Option<usize> {
-            use std::mem::{self, MaybeUninit};
-            use winapi::shared::minwindef::DWORD;
-            use winapi::um::processthreadsapi::GetCurrentProcess;
-            use winapi::um::psapi::{GetProcessMemoryInfo, PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS};
-
-            let mut pmc = MaybeUninit::<PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS>::uninit();
-            match unsafe {
-                GetProcessMemoryInfo(GetCurrentProcess(), pmc.as_mut_ptr(), mem::size_of_val(&pmc) as DWORD)
-            } {
-                0 => None,
-                _ => {
-                    let pmc = unsafe { pmc.assume_init() };
-                    Some(pmc.WorkingSetSize as usize)
-                }
+            use std::mem;
+
+            use windows::{
+                Win32::System::ProcessStatus::{K32GetProcessMemoryInfo, PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS},
+                Win32::System::Threading::GetCurrentProcess,
+            };
+
+            let mut pmc = PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS::default();
+            let pmc_size = mem::size_of_val(&pmc);
+            unsafe {
+                K32GetProcessMemoryInfo(
+                    GetCurrentProcess(),
+                    &mut pmc,
+                    pmc_size as u32,
+                )
             }
+            .ok()
+            .ok()?;
+
+            Some(pmc.WorkingSetSize)
         }
     } else if #[cfg(target_os = "macos")] {
         pub fn get_resident_set_size() -> Option<usize> {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/Cargo.toml b/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/Cargo.toml
index 7b59a52cffe..73a1f79a020 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/Cargo.toml
+++ b/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/Cargo.toml
@@ -54,8 +54,11 @@ rustc_hir_analysis = { path = "../rustc_hir_analysis" }
 [target.'cfg(unix)'.dependencies]
 libc = "0.2"
 
-[target.'cfg(windows)'.dependencies]
-winapi = { version = "0.3", features = ["consoleapi", "debugapi", "processenv"] }
+[target.'cfg(windows)'.dependencies.windows]
+version = "0.46.0"
+features = [
+    "Win32_System_Diagnostics_Debug",
+]
 
 [features]
 llvm = ['rustc_interface/llvm']
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/lib.rs b/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/lib.rs
index 555917c8b5e..8634c644176 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/lib.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/lib.rs
@@ -1246,11 +1246,9 @@ pub fn report_ice(info: &panic::PanicInfo<'_>, bug_report_url: &str) {
     interface::try_print_query_stack(&handler, num_frames);
 
     #[cfg(windows)]
-    unsafe {
-        if env::var("RUSTC_BREAK_ON_ICE").is_ok() {
-            // Trigger a debugger if we crashed during bootstrap
-            winapi::um::debugapi::DebugBreak();
-        }
+    if env::var("RUSTC_BREAK_ON_ICE").is_ok() {
+        // Trigger a debugger if we crashed during bootstrap
+        unsafe { windows::Win32::System::Diagnostics::Debug::DebugBreak() };
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_errors/Cargo.toml b/compiler/rustc_errors/Cargo.toml
index cadd53fbd83..e1ead08ea66 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_errors/Cargo.toml
+++ b/compiler/rustc_errors/Cargo.toml
@@ -25,8 +25,14 @@ termize = "0.1.1"
 serde = { version = "1.0.125", features = [ "derive" ] }
 serde_json = "1.0.59"
 
-[target.'cfg(windows)'.dependencies]
-winapi = { version = "0.3", features = [ "handleapi", "synchapi", "winbase" ] }
+[target.'cfg(windows)'.dependencies.windows]
+version = "0.46.0"
+features = [
+    "Win32_Foundation",
+    "Win32_Security",
+    "Win32_System_Threading",
+    "Win32_System_WindowsProgramming",
+]
 
 [features]
 rustc_use_parallel_compiler = ['rustc_error_messages/rustc_use_parallel_compiler']
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_errors/src/lib.rs b/compiler/rustc_errors/src/lib.rs
index bab4f31e777..9866a9bffe0 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_errors/src/lib.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_errors/src/lib.rs
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@ impl CodeSuggestion {
                     });
                     buf.push_str(&part.snippet);
                     let cur_hi = sm.lookup_char_pos(part.span.hi());
-                    if cur_hi.line == cur_lo.line {
+                    if cur_hi.line == cur_lo.line && !part.snippet.is_empty() {
                         // Account for the difference between the width of the current code and the
                         // snippet being suggested, so that the *later* suggestions are correctly
                         // aligned on the screen.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_errors/src/lock.rs b/compiler/rustc_errors/src/lock.rs
index a73472021d4..7db262abfde 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_errors/src/lock.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_errors/src/lock.rs
@@ -16,10 +16,12 @@ pub fn acquire_global_lock(name: &str) -> Box<dyn Any> {
     use std::ffi::CString;
     use std::io;
 
-    use winapi::shared::ntdef::HANDLE;
-    use winapi::um::handleapi::CloseHandle;
-    use winapi::um::synchapi::{CreateMutexA, ReleaseMutex, WaitForSingleObject};
-    use winapi::um::winbase::{INFINITE, WAIT_ABANDONED, WAIT_OBJECT_0};
+    use windows::{
+        core::PCSTR,
+        Win32::Foundation::{CloseHandle, HANDLE, WAIT_ABANDONED, WAIT_OBJECT_0},
+        Win32::System::Threading::{CreateMutexA, ReleaseMutex, WaitForSingleObject},
+        Win32::System::WindowsProgramming::INFINITE,
+    };
 
     struct Handle(HANDLE);
 
@@ -42,49 +44,38 @@ pub fn acquire_global_lock(name: &str) -> Box<dyn Any> {
     }
 
     let cname = CString::new(name).unwrap();
-    unsafe {
-        // Create a named mutex, with no security attributes and also not
-        // acquired when we create it.
-        //
-        // This will silently create one if it doesn't already exist, or it'll
-        // open up a handle to one if it already exists.
-        let mutex = CreateMutexA(std::ptr::null_mut(), 0, cname.as_ptr());
-        if mutex.is_null() {
-            panic!(
-                "failed to create global mutex named `{}`: {}",
-                name,
-                io::Error::last_os_error()
-            );
-        }
-        let mutex = Handle(mutex);
+    // Create a named mutex, with no security attributes and also not
+    // acquired when we create it.
+    //
+    // This will silently create one if it doesn't already exist, or it'll
+    // open up a handle to one if it already exists.
+    let mutex = unsafe { CreateMutexA(None, false, PCSTR::from_raw(cname.as_ptr().cast())) }
+        .unwrap_or_else(|_| panic!("failed to create global mutex named `{}`", name));
+    let mutex = Handle(mutex);
 
-        // Acquire the lock through `WaitForSingleObject`.
-        //
-        // A return value of `WAIT_OBJECT_0` means we successfully acquired it.
-        //
-        // A return value of `WAIT_ABANDONED` means that the previous holder of
-        // the thread exited without calling `ReleaseMutex`. This can happen,
-        // for example, when the compiler crashes or is interrupted via ctrl-c
-        // or the like. In this case, however, we are still transferred
-        // ownership of the lock so we continue.
-        //
-        // If an error happens.. well... that's surprising!
-        match WaitForSingleObject(mutex.0, INFINITE) {
-            WAIT_OBJECT_0 | WAIT_ABANDONED => {}
-            code => {
-                panic!(
-                    "WaitForSingleObject failed on global mutex named \
-                        `{}`: {} (ret={:x})",
-                    name,
-                    io::Error::last_os_error(),
-                    code
-                );
-            }
-        }
-
-        // Return a guard which will call `ReleaseMutex` when dropped.
-        Box::new(Guard(mutex))
+    // Acquire the lock through `WaitForSingleObject`.
+    //
+    // A return value of `WAIT_OBJECT_0` means we successfully acquired it.
+    //
+    // A return value of `WAIT_ABANDONED` means that the previous holder of
+    // the thread exited without calling `ReleaseMutex`. This can happen,
+    // for example, when the compiler crashes or is interrupted via ctrl-c
+    // or the like. In this case, however, we are still transferred
+    // ownership of the lock so we continue.
+    //
+    // If an error happens.. well... that's surprising!
+    match unsafe { WaitForSingleObject(mutex.0, INFINITE) } {
+        WAIT_OBJECT_0 | WAIT_ABANDONED => (),
+        err => panic!(
+            "WaitForSingleObject failed on global mutex named `{}`: {} (ret={:x})",
+            name,
+            io::Error::last_os_error(),
+            err.0
+        ),
     }
+
+    // Return a guard which will call `ReleaseMutex` when dropped.
+    Box::new(Guard(mutex))
 }
 
 #[cfg(not(windows))]
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/collect/type_of.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/collect/type_of.rs
index 4bbea878904..7ab7a8c4c1b 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/collect/type_of.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/collect/type_of.rs
@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ fn find_opaque_ty_constraints_for_tait(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, def_id: LocalDefId) -> T
         found: Option<ty::OpaqueHiddenType<'tcx>>,
 
         /// In the presence of dead code, typeck may figure out a hidden type
-        /// while borrowck will now. We collect these cases here and check at
+        /// while borrowck will not. We collect these cases here and check at
         /// the end that we actually found a type that matches (modulo regions).
         typeck_types: Vec<ty::OpaqueHiddenType<'tcx>>,
     }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/combine.rs b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/combine.rs
index bb6fdd2ffc2..4503af03ca3 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/combine.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/combine.rs
@@ -189,10 +189,19 @@ impl<'tcx> InferCtxt<'tcx> {
         // the expected const's type. Specifically, we don't want const infer vars
         // to do any type shapeshifting before and after resolution.
         if let Err(guar) = compatible_types {
-            return Ok(self.tcx.const_error_with_guaranteed(
-                if relation.a_is_expected() { a.ty() } else { b.ty() },
-                guar,
-            ));
+            // HACK: equating both sides with `[const error]` eagerly prevents us
+            // from leaving unconstrained inference vars during things like impl
+            // matching in the solver.
+            let a_error = self.tcx.const_error_with_guaranteed(a.ty(), guar);
+            if let ty::ConstKind::Infer(InferConst::Var(vid)) = a.kind() {
+                return self.unify_const_variable(vid, a_error);
+            }
+            let b_error = self.tcx.const_error_with_guaranteed(b.ty(), guar);
+            if let ty::ConstKind::Infer(InferConst::Var(vid)) = b.kind() {
+                return self.unify_const_variable(vid, b_error);
+            }
+
+            return Ok(if relation.a_is_expected() { a_error } else { b_error });
         }
 
         match (a.kind(), b.kind()) {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/syntax.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/syntax.rs
index b16b6616415..3a893cdabf6 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/syntax.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/syntax.rs
@@ -78,7 +78,8 @@ pub enum MirPhase {
     ///    MIR, this is UB.
     ///  - Retags: If `-Zmir-emit-retag` is enabled, analysis MIR has "implicit" retags in the same way
     ///    that Rust itself has them. Where exactly these are is generally subject to change, and so we
-    ///    don't document this here. Runtime MIR has all retags explicit.
+    ///    don't document this here. Runtime MIR has most retags explicit (though implicit retags
+    ///    can still occur at `Rvalue::{Ref,AddrOf}`).
     ///  - Generator bodies: In analysis MIR, locals may actually be behind a pointer that user code has
     ///    access to. This occurs in generator bodies. Such locals do not behave like other locals,
     ///    because they eg may be aliased in surprising ways. Runtime MIR has no such special locals -
@@ -1165,7 +1166,7 @@ pub enum AggregateKind<'tcx> {
     Tuple,
 
     /// The second field is the variant index. It's equal to 0 for struct
-    /// and union expressions. The fourth field is
+    /// and union expressions. The last field is the
     /// active field number and is present only for union expressions
     /// -- e.g., for a union expression `SomeUnion { c: .. }`, the
     /// active field index would identity the field `c`
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/traits/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/traits/mod.rs
index fb3e9cb1263..833402abfc4 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/traits/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/traits/mod.rs
@@ -897,6 +897,9 @@ pub enum ObjectSafetyViolation {
     /// (e.g., `trait Foo : Bar<Self>`).
     SupertraitSelf(SmallVec<[Span; 1]>),
 
+    // Supertrait has a non-lifetime `for<T>` binder.
+    SupertraitNonLifetimeBinder(SmallVec<[Span; 1]>),
+
     /// Method has something illegal.
     Method(Symbol, MethodViolationCode, Span),
 
@@ -919,6 +922,9 @@ impl ObjectSafetyViolation {
                         .into()
                 }
             }
+            ObjectSafetyViolation::SupertraitNonLifetimeBinder(_) => {
+                format!("where clause cannot reference non-lifetime `for<...>` variables").into()
+            }
             ObjectSafetyViolation::Method(name, MethodViolationCode::StaticMethod(_), _) => {
                 format!("associated function `{}` has no `self` parameter", name).into()
             }
@@ -969,7 +975,9 @@ impl ObjectSafetyViolation {
 
     pub fn solution(&self, err: &mut Diagnostic) {
         match self {
-            ObjectSafetyViolation::SizedSelf(_) | ObjectSafetyViolation::SupertraitSelf(_) => {}
+            ObjectSafetyViolation::SizedSelf(_)
+            | ObjectSafetyViolation::SupertraitSelf(_)
+            | ObjectSafetyViolation::SupertraitNonLifetimeBinder(..) => {}
             ObjectSafetyViolation::Method(
                 name,
                 MethodViolationCode::StaticMethod(Some((add_self_sugg, make_sized_sugg))),
@@ -1023,7 +1031,8 @@ impl ObjectSafetyViolation {
         // diagnostics use a `note` instead of a `span_label`.
         match self {
             ObjectSafetyViolation::SupertraitSelf(spans)
-            | ObjectSafetyViolation::SizedSelf(spans) => spans.clone(),
+            | ObjectSafetyViolation::SizedSelf(spans)
+            | ObjectSafetyViolation::SupertraitNonLifetimeBinder(spans) => spans.clone(),
             ObjectSafetyViolation::AssocConst(_, span)
             | ObjectSafetyViolation::GAT(_, span)
             | ObjectSafetyViolation::Method(_, _, span)
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/fold.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/fold.rs
index d66f436f947..6205e2bf24d 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/fold.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/fold.rs
@@ -51,9 +51,7 @@ where
 // Region folder
 
 impl<'tcx> TyCtxt<'tcx> {
-    /// Folds the escaping and free regions in `value` using `f`, and
-    /// sets `skipped_regions` to true if any late-bound region was found
-    /// and skipped.
+    /// Folds the escaping and free regions in `value` using `f`.
     pub fn fold_regions<T>(
         self,
         value: T,
@@ -64,17 +62,6 @@ impl<'tcx> TyCtxt<'tcx> {
     {
         value.fold_with(&mut RegionFolder::new(self, &mut f))
     }
-
-    pub fn super_fold_regions<T>(
-        self,
-        value: T,
-        mut f: impl FnMut(ty::Region<'tcx>, ty::DebruijnIndex) -> ty::Region<'tcx>,
-    ) -> T
-    where
-        T: TypeSuperFoldable<TyCtxt<'tcx>>,
-    {
-        value.super_fold_with(&mut RegionFolder::new(self, &mut f))
-    }
 }
 
 /// Folds over the substructure of a type, visiting its component
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/sty.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/sty.rs
index 4c606b939b2..2a0536a1af7 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/sty.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/sty.rs
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ use rustc_macros::HashStable;
 use rustc_span::symbol::{kw, sym, Symbol};
 use rustc_span::Span;
 use rustc_target::abi::VariantIdx;
-use rustc_target::spec::abi;
+use rustc_target::spec::abi::{self, Abi};
 use std::borrow::Cow;
 use std::cmp::Ordering;
 use std::fmt;
@@ -1403,6 +1403,18 @@ impl<'tcx> PolyFnSig<'tcx> {
     pub fn abi(&self) -> abi::Abi {
         self.skip_binder().abi
     }
+
+    pub fn is_fn_trait_compatible(&self) -> bool {
+        matches!(
+            self.skip_binder(),
+            ty::FnSig {
+                unsafety: rustc_hir::Unsafety::Normal,
+                abi: Abi::Rust,
+                c_variadic: false,
+                ..
+            }
+        )
+    }
 }
 
 pub type CanonicalPolyFnSig<'tcx> = Canonical<'tcx, Binder<'tcx, FnSig<'tcx>>>;
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/build/custom/parse/instruction.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/build/custom/parse/instruction.rs
index 5e77f2dc126..adbd37a7cd9 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/build/custom/parse/instruction.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/build/custom/parse/instruction.rs
@@ -166,6 +166,28 @@ impl<'tcx, 'body> ParseCtxt<'tcx, 'body> {
                 let cast_kind = mir_cast_kind(source_ty, expr.ty);
                 Ok(Rvalue::Cast(cast_kind, source, expr.ty))
             },
+            ExprKind::Tuple { fields } => Ok(
+                Rvalue::Aggregate(
+                    Box::new(AggregateKind::Tuple),
+                    fields.iter().map(|e| self.parse_operand(*e)).collect::<Result<_, _>>()?
+                )
+            ),
+            ExprKind::Array { fields } => {
+                let elem_ty = expr.ty.builtin_index().expect("ty must be an array");
+                Ok(Rvalue::Aggregate(
+                    Box::new(AggregateKind::Array(elem_ty)),
+                    fields.iter().map(|e| self.parse_operand(*e)).collect::<Result<_, _>>()?
+                ))
+            },
+            ExprKind::Adt(box AdtExpr{ adt_def, variant_index, substs, fields, .. }) => {
+                let is_union = adt_def.is_union();
+                let active_field_index = is_union.then(|| fields[0].name.index());
+
+                Ok(Rvalue::Aggregate(
+                    Box::new(AggregateKind::Adt(adt_def.did(), *variant_index, substs, None, active_field_index)),
+                    fields.iter().map(|f| self.parse_operand(f.expr)).collect::<Result<_, _>>()?
+                ))
+            },
             _ => self.parse_operand(expr_id).map(Rvalue::Use),
         )
     }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/expr.rs b/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/expr.rs
index 296eb4d653c..8b69b3cb036 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/expr.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/expr.rs
@@ -1843,20 +1843,14 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
         &mut self,
         mk_lit_char: impl FnOnce(Symbol, Span) -> L,
     ) -> PResult<'a, L> {
-        if let token::Interpolated(inner) = &self.token.kind {
-            let expr = match inner.as_ref() {
-                token::NtExpr(expr) => Some(expr),
-                token::NtLiteral(expr) => Some(expr),
-                _ => None,
-            };
-            if let Some(expr) = expr {
-                if matches!(expr.kind, ExprKind::Err) {
-                    let mut err = errors::InvalidInterpolatedExpression { span: self.token.span }
-                        .into_diagnostic(&self.sess.span_diagnostic);
-                    err.downgrade_to_delayed_bug();
-                    return Err(err);
-                }
-            }
+        if let token::Interpolated(nt) = &self.token.kind
+            && let token::NtExpr(e) | token::NtLiteral(e) = &**nt
+            && matches!(e.kind, ExprKind::Err)
+        {
+            let mut err = errors::InvalidInterpolatedExpression { span: self.token.span }
+                .into_diagnostic(&self.sess.span_diagnostic);
+            err.downgrade_to_delayed_bug();
+            return Err(err);
         }
         let token = self.token.clone();
         let err = |self_: &Self| {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_query_system/src/dep_graph/graph.rs b/compiler/rustc_query_system/src/dep_graph/graph.rs
index 02cb9c452a8..3dbcc4d2e8a 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_query_system/src/dep_graph/graph.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_query_system/src/dep_graph/graph.rs
@@ -969,6 +969,7 @@ impl<K: DepKind> DepGraph<K> {
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn next_virtual_depnode_index(&self) -> DepNodeIndex {
+        debug_assert!(self.data.is_none());
         let index = self.virtual_dep_node_index.fetch_add(1, Relaxed);
         DepNodeIndex::from_u32(index)
     }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_query_system/src/query/plumbing.rs b/compiler/rustc_query_system/src/query/plumbing.rs
index 005512cf53e..ba2f859ff0f 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_query_system/src/query/plumbing.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_query_system/src/query/plumbing.rs
@@ -379,7 +379,11 @@ where
 
     match JobOwner::<'_, Q::Key, Qcx::DepKind>::try_start(&qcx, state, state_lock, span, key) {
         TryGetJob::NotYetStarted(job) => {
-            let (result, dep_node_index) = execute_job(query, qcx, key.clone(), dep_node, job.id);
+            let (result, dep_node_index) = match qcx.dep_context().dep_graph().data() {
+                None => execute_job_non_incr(query, qcx, key, job.id),
+                Some(data) => execute_job_incr(query, qcx, data, key, dep_node, job.id),
+            };
+
             let cache = query.query_cache(qcx);
             if query.feedable() {
                 // We should not compute queries that also got a value via feeding.
@@ -413,48 +417,55 @@ where
     }
 }
 
+// Fast path for when incr. comp. is off.
 #[inline(always)]
-fn execute_job<Q, Qcx>(
+fn execute_job_non_incr<Q, Qcx>(
     query: Q,
     qcx: Qcx,
     key: Q::Key,
-    mut dep_node_opt: Option<DepNode<Qcx::DepKind>>,
     job_id: QueryJobId,
 ) -> (Q::Value, DepNodeIndex)
 where
     Q: QueryConfig<Qcx>,
     Qcx: QueryContext,
 {
-    let dep_graph = qcx.dep_context().dep_graph();
-    let dep_graph_data = match dep_graph.data() {
-        // Fast path for when incr. comp. is off.
-        None => {
-            // Fingerprint the key, just to assert that it doesn't
-            // have anything we don't consider hashable
-            if cfg!(debug_assertions) {
-                let _ = key.to_fingerprint(*qcx.dep_context());
-            }
+    debug_assert!(!qcx.dep_context().dep_graph().is_fully_enabled());
 
-            let prof_timer = qcx.dep_context().profiler().query_provider();
-            let result =
-                qcx.start_query(job_id, query.depth_limit(), None, || query.compute(qcx, key));
-            let dep_node_index = dep_graph.next_virtual_depnode_index();
-            prof_timer.finish_with_query_invocation_id(dep_node_index.into());
-
-            // Similarly, fingerprint the result to assert that
-            // it doesn't have anything not considered hashable.
-            if cfg!(debug_assertions) && let Some(hash_result) = query.hash_result()
-            {
-                qcx.dep_context().with_stable_hashing_context(|mut hcx| {
-                    hash_result(&mut hcx, &result);
-                });
-            }
+    // Fingerprint the key, just to assert that it doesn't
+    // have anything we don't consider hashable
+    if cfg!(debug_assertions) {
+        let _ = key.to_fingerprint(*qcx.dep_context());
+    }
 
-            return (result, dep_node_index);
-        }
-        Some(data) => data,
-    };
+    let prof_timer = qcx.dep_context().profiler().query_provider();
+    let result = qcx.start_query(job_id, query.depth_limit(), None, || query.compute(qcx, key));
+    let dep_node_index = qcx.dep_context().dep_graph().next_virtual_depnode_index();
+    prof_timer.finish_with_query_invocation_id(dep_node_index.into());
+
+    // Similarly, fingerprint the result to assert that
+    // it doesn't have anything not considered hashable.
+    if cfg!(debug_assertions) && let Some(hash_result) = query.hash_result() {
+        qcx.dep_context().with_stable_hashing_context(|mut hcx| {
+            hash_result(&mut hcx, &result);
+        });
+    }
 
+    (result, dep_node_index)
+}
+
+#[inline(always)]
+fn execute_job_incr<Q, Qcx>(
+    query: Q,
+    qcx: Qcx,
+    dep_graph_data: &DepGraphData<Qcx::DepKind>,
+    key: Q::Key,
+    mut dep_node_opt: Option<DepNode<Qcx::DepKind>>,
+    job_id: QueryJobId,
+) -> (Q::Value, DepNodeIndex)
+where
+    Q: QueryConfig<Qcx>,
+    Qcx: QueryContext,
+{
     if !query.anon() && !query.eval_always() {
         // `to_dep_node` is expensive for some `DepKind`s.
         let dep_node =
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_resolve/src/imports.rs b/compiler/rustc_resolve/src/imports.rs
index 6e27bcc5bf3..4d4bc1be349 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_resolve/src/imports.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_resolve/src/imports.rs
@@ -423,13 +423,17 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
     /// Resolves all imports for the crate. This method performs the fixed-
     /// point iteration.
     pub(crate) fn resolve_imports(&mut self) {
-        let mut prev_num_indeterminates = self.indeterminate_imports.len() + 1;
-        while self.indeterminate_imports.len() < prev_num_indeterminates {
-            prev_num_indeterminates = self.indeterminate_imports.len();
+        let mut prev_indeterminate_count = usize::MAX;
+        let mut indeterminate_count = self.indeterminate_imports.len() * 3;
+        while indeterminate_count < prev_indeterminate_count {
+            prev_indeterminate_count = indeterminate_count;
+            indeterminate_count = 0;
             for import in mem::take(&mut self.indeterminate_imports) {
-                match self.resolve_import(&import) {
-                    true => self.determined_imports.push(import),
-                    false => self.indeterminate_imports.push(import),
+                let import_indeterminate_count = self.resolve_import(&import);
+                indeterminate_count += import_indeterminate_count;
+                match import_indeterminate_count {
+                    0 => self.determined_imports.push(import),
+                    _ => self.indeterminate_imports.push(import),
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -581,9 +585,13 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
         diag.emit();
     }
 
-    /// Attempts to resolve the given import, returning true if its resolution is determined.
-    /// If successful, the resolved bindings are written into the module.
-    fn resolve_import(&mut self, import: &'a Import<'a>) -> bool {
+    /// Attempts to resolve the given import, returning:
+    /// - `0` means its resolution is determined.
+    /// - Other values mean that indeterminate exists under certain namespaces.
+    ///
+    /// Meanwhile, if resolve successful, the resolved bindings are written
+    /// into the module.
+    fn resolve_import(&mut self, import: &'a Import<'a>) -> usize {
         debug!(
             "(resolving import for module) resolving import `{}::...` in `{}`",
             Segment::names_to_string(&import.module_path),
@@ -601,8 +609,8 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
 
             match path_res {
                 PathResult::Module(module) => module,
-                PathResult::Indeterminate => return false,
-                PathResult::NonModule(..) | PathResult::Failed { .. } => return true,
+                PathResult::Indeterminate => return 3,
+                PathResult::NonModule(..) | PathResult::Failed { .. } => return 0,
             }
         };
 
@@ -618,12 +626,12 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
             } => (source, target, source_bindings, target_bindings, type_ns_only),
             ImportKind::Glob { .. } => {
                 self.resolve_glob_import(import);
-                return true;
+                return 0;
             }
             _ => unreachable!(),
         };
 
-        let mut indeterminate = false;
+        let mut indeterminate_count = 0;
         self.per_ns(|this, ns| {
             if !type_ns_only || ns == TypeNS {
                 if let Err(Undetermined) = source_bindings[ns].get() {
@@ -646,7 +654,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
 
                 let parent = import.parent_scope.module;
                 match source_bindings[ns].get() {
-                    Err(Undetermined) => indeterminate = true,
+                    Err(Undetermined) => indeterminate_count += 1,
                     // Don't update the resolution, because it was never added.
                     Err(Determined) if target.name == kw::Underscore => {}
                     Ok(binding) if binding.is_importable() => {
@@ -670,7 +678,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Resolver<'a, 'tcx> {
             }
         });
 
-        !indeterminate
+        indeterminate_count
     }
 
     /// Performs final import resolution, consistency checks and error reporting.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_session/Cargo.toml b/compiler/rustc_session/Cargo.toml
index d8db86c5f62..9e337dde995 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_session/Cargo.toml
+++ b/compiler/rustc_session/Cargo.toml
@@ -24,5 +24,9 @@ termize = "0.1.1"
 [target.'cfg(unix)'.dependencies]
 libc = "0.2"
 
-[target.'cfg(windows)'.dependencies]
-winapi = { version = "0.3", features = ["libloaderapi"] }
+[target.'cfg(windows)'.dependencies.windows]
+version = "0.46.0"
+features = [
+    "Win32_Foundation",
+    "Win32_System_LibraryLoader",
+]
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_session/src/filesearch.rs b/compiler/rustc_session/src/filesearch.rs
index f1fbf38217d..e734599cbfc 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_session/src/filesearch.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_session/src/filesearch.rs
@@ -87,35 +87,38 @@ fn current_dll_path() -> Result<PathBuf, String> {
     use std::ffi::OsString;
     use std::io;
     use std::os::windows::prelude::*;
-    use std::ptr;
 
-    use winapi::um::libloaderapi::{
-        GetModuleFileNameW, GetModuleHandleExW, GET_MODULE_HANDLE_EX_FLAG_FROM_ADDRESS,
+    use windows::{
+        core::PCWSTR,
+        Win32::Foundation::HINSTANCE,
+        Win32::System::LibraryLoader::{
+            GetModuleFileNameW, GetModuleHandleExW, GET_MODULE_HANDLE_EX_FLAG_FROM_ADDRESS,
+        },
     };
 
+    let mut module = HINSTANCE::default();
     unsafe {
-        let mut module = ptr::null_mut();
-        let r = GetModuleHandleExW(
+        GetModuleHandleExW(
             GET_MODULE_HANDLE_EX_FLAG_FROM_ADDRESS,
-            current_dll_path as usize as *mut _,
+            PCWSTR(current_dll_path as *mut u16),
             &mut module,
-        );
-        if r == 0 {
-            return Err(format!("GetModuleHandleExW failed: {}", io::Error::last_os_error()));
-        }
-        let mut space = Vec::with_capacity(1024);
-        let r = GetModuleFileNameW(module, space.as_mut_ptr(), space.capacity() as u32);
-        if r == 0 {
-            return Err(format!("GetModuleFileNameW failed: {}", io::Error::last_os_error()));
-        }
-        let r = r as usize;
-        if r >= space.capacity() {
-            return Err(format!("our buffer was too small? {}", io::Error::last_os_error()));
-        }
-        space.set_len(r);
-        let os = OsString::from_wide(&space);
-        Ok(PathBuf::from(os))
+        )
     }
+    .ok()
+    .map_err(|e| e.to_string())?;
+
+    let mut filename = vec![0; 1024];
+    let n = unsafe { GetModuleFileNameW(module, &mut filename) } as usize;
+    if n == 0 {
+        return Err(format!("GetModuleFileNameW failed: {}", io::Error::last_os_error()));
+    }
+    if n >= filename.capacity() {
+        return Err(format!("our buffer was too small? {}", io::Error::last_os_error()));
+    }
+
+    filename.truncate(n);
+
+    Ok(OsString::from_wide(&filename).into())
 }
 
 pub fn sysroot_candidates() -> SmallVec<[PathBuf; 2]> {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/assembly.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/assembly.rs
index 891ea0cdebe..76cde1a6692 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/assembly.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/assembly.rs
@@ -224,7 +224,9 @@ impl<'tcx> EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
         if goal.predicate.self_ty().is_ty_var() {
             return vec![Candidate {
                 source: CandidateSource::BuiltinImpl,
-                result: self.make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS).unwrap(),
+                result: self
+                    .evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS)
+                    .unwrap(),
             }];
         }
 
@@ -261,8 +263,9 @@ impl<'tcx> EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
         let &ty::Alias(ty::Projection, projection_ty) = goal.predicate.self_ty().kind() else {
             return
         };
-        self.probe(|this| {
-            let normalized_ty = this.next_ty_infer();
+
+        self.probe(|ecx| {
+            let normalized_ty = ecx.next_ty_infer();
             let normalizes_to_goal = goal.with(
                 tcx,
                 ty::Binder::dummy(ty::ProjectionPredicate {
@@ -270,28 +273,16 @@ impl<'tcx> EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
                     term: normalized_ty.into(),
                 }),
             );
-            let normalization_certainty = match this.evaluate_goal(normalizes_to_goal) {
-                Ok((_, certainty)) => certainty,
-                Err(NoSolution) => return,
-            };
-            let normalized_ty = this.resolve_vars_if_possible(normalized_ty);
-
-            // NOTE: Alternatively we could call `evaluate_goal` here and only have a `Normalized` candidate.
-            // This doesn't work as long as we use `CandidateSource` in winnowing.
-            let goal = goal.with(tcx, goal.predicate.with_self_ty(tcx, normalized_ty));
-            let normalized_candidates = this.assemble_and_evaluate_candidates(goal);
-            for mut normalized_candidate in normalized_candidates {
-                normalized_candidate.result =
-                    normalized_candidate.result.unchecked_map(|mut response| {
-                        // FIXME: This currently hides overflow in the normalization step of the self type
-                        // which is probably wrong. Maybe `unify_and` should actually keep overflow as
-                        // we treat it as non-fatal anyways.
-                        response.certainty = response.certainty.unify_and(normalization_certainty);
-                        response
-                    });
-                candidates.push(normalized_candidate);
+            ecx.add_goal(normalizes_to_goal);
+            if let Ok(_) = ecx.try_evaluate_added_goals() {
+                let normalized_ty = ecx.resolve_vars_if_possible(normalized_ty);
+
+                // NOTE: Alternatively we could call `evaluate_goal` here and only have a `Normalized` candidate.
+                // This doesn't work as long as we use `CandidateSource` in winnowing.
+                let goal = goal.with(tcx, goal.predicate.with_self_ty(tcx, normalized_ty));
+                candidates.extend(ecx.assemble_and_evaluate_candidates(goal));
             }
-        })
+        });
     }
 
     fn assemble_impl_candidates<G: GoalKind<'tcx>>(
@@ -516,7 +507,7 @@ impl<'tcx> EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
                 } else {
                     Certainty::AMBIGUOUS
                 };
-                return self.make_canonical_response(certainty);
+                return self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(certainty);
             }
         }
 
@@ -538,14 +529,16 @@ impl<'tcx> EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
         }
     }
 
-    fn discard_reservation_impl(&self, mut candidate: Candidate<'tcx>) -> Candidate<'tcx> {
+    fn discard_reservation_impl(&mut self, mut candidate: Candidate<'tcx>) -> Candidate<'tcx> {
         if let CandidateSource::Impl(def_id) = candidate.source {
             if let ty::ImplPolarity::Reservation = self.tcx().impl_polarity(def_id) {
                 debug!("Selected reservation impl");
                 // We assemble all candidates inside of a probe so by
                 // making a new canonical response here our result will
                 // have no constraints.
-                candidate.result = self.make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS).unwrap();
+                candidate.result = self
+                    .evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS)
+                    .unwrap();
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/canonical/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/canonical/mod.rs
index 8c3be8da16b..9d45e78ebab 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/canonical/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/canonical/mod.rs
@@ -48,7 +48,13 @@ impl<'tcx> EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
     /// - `external_constraints`: additional constraints which aren't expressable
     ///   using simple unification of inference variables.
     #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
-    pub(super) fn make_canonical_response(&self, certainty: Certainty) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
+    pub(super) fn evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(
+        &mut self,
+        certainty: Certainty,
+    ) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
+        let goals_certainty = self.try_evaluate_added_goals()?;
+        let certainty = certainty.unify_and(goals_certainty);
+
         let external_constraints = self.compute_external_query_constraints()?;
 
         let response = Response { var_values: self.var_values, external_constraints, certainty };
@@ -209,7 +215,7 @@ impl<'tcx> EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
             // FIXME: To deal with #105787 I also expect us to emit nested obligations here at
             // some point. We can figure out how to deal with this once we actually have
             // an ICE.
-            let nested_goals = self.eq(param_env, orig, response)?;
+            let nested_goals = self.eq_and_get_goals(param_env, orig, response)?;
             assert!(nested_goals.is_empty(), "{nested_goals:?}");
         }
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/eval_ctxt.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/eval_ctxt.rs
index 856f1eec443..95412922357 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/eval_ctxt.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/eval_ctxt.rs
@@ -2,8 +2,11 @@ use rustc_hir::def_id::DefId;
 use rustc_infer::infer::at::ToTrace;
 use rustc_infer::infer::canonical::CanonicalVarValues;
 use rustc_infer::infer::type_variable::{TypeVariableOrigin, TypeVariableOriginKind};
-use rustc_infer::infer::{DefineOpaqueTypes, InferCtxt, InferOk, LateBoundRegionConversionTime};
+use rustc_infer::infer::{
+    DefineOpaqueTypes, InferCtxt, InferOk, LateBoundRegionConversionTime, TyCtxtInferExt,
+};
 use rustc_infer::traits::query::NoSolution;
+use rustc_infer::traits::solve::{CanonicalGoal, Certainty, MaybeCause, QueryResult};
 use rustc_infer::traits::ObligationCause;
 use rustc_middle::infer::unify_key::{ConstVariableOrigin, ConstVariableOriginKind};
 use rustc_middle::ty::{
@@ -13,8 +16,8 @@ use rustc_middle::ty::{
 use rustc_span::DUMMY_SP;
 use std::ops::ControlFlow;
 
-use super::search_graph::SearchGraph;
-use super::Goal;
+use super::search_graph::{self, OverflowHandler};
+use super::{search_graph::SearchGraph, Goal};
 
 pub struct EvalCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
     // FIXME: should be private.
@@ -33,14 +36,305 @@ pub struct EvalCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
 
     pub(super) search_graph: &'a mut SearchGraph<'tcx>,
 
-    /// This field is used by a debug assertion in [`EvalCtxt::evaluate_goal`],
-    /// see the comment in that method for more details.
-    pub in_projection_eq_hack: bool,
+    pub(super) nested_goals: NestedGoals<'tcx>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub(super) enum IsNormalizesToHack {
+    Yes,
+    No,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub(super) struct NestedGoals<'tcx> {
+    pub(super) normalizes_to_hack_goal: Option<Goal<'tcx, ty::ProjectionPredicate<'tcx>>>,
+    pub(super) goals: Vec<Goal<'tcx, ty::Predicate<'tcx>>>,
+}
+
+impl NestedGoals<'_> {
+    pub(super) fn new() -> Self {
+        Self { normalizes_to_hack_goal: None, goals: Vec::new() }
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
+        self.normalizes_to_hack_goal.is_none() && self.goals.is_empty()
+    }
+}
+
+pub trait InferCtxtEvalExt<'tcx> {
+    /// Evaluates a goal from **outside** of the trait solver.
+    ///
+    /// Using this while inside of the solver is wrong as it uses a new
+    /// search graph which would break cycle detection.
+    fn evaluate_root_goal(
+        &self,
+        goal: Goal<'tcx, ty::Predicate<'tcx>>,
+    ) -> Result<(bool, Certainty), NoSolution>;
+}
+
+impl<'tcx> InferCtxtEvalExt<'tcx> for InferCtxt<'tcx> {
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
+    fn evaluate_root_goal(
+        &self,
+        goal: Goal<'tcx, ty::Predicate<'tcx>>,
+    ) -> Result<(bool, Certainty), NoSolution> {
+        let mut search_graph = search_graph::SearchGraph::new(self.tcx);
+
+        let mut ecx = EvalCtxt {
+            search_graph: &mut search_graph,
+            infcx: self,
+            // Only relevant when canonicalizing the response.
+            max_input_universe: ty::UniverseIndex::ROOT,
+            var_values: CanonicalVarValues::dummy(),
+            nested_goals: NestedGoals::new(),
+        };
+        let result = ecx.evaluate_goal(IsNormalizesToHack::No, goal);
+
+        assert!(
+            ecx.nested_goals.is_empty(),
+            "root `EvalCtxt` should not have any goals added to it"
+        );
+
+        assert!(search_graph.is_empty());
+        result
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'a, 'tcx> EvalCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
+    /// The entry point of the solver.
+    ///
+    /// This function deals with (coinductive) cycles, overflow, and caching
+    /// and then calls [`EvalCtxt::compute_goal`] which contains the actual
+    /// logic of the solver.
+    ///
+    /// Instead of calling this function directly, use either [EvalCtxt::evaluate_goal]
+    /// if you're inside of the solver or [InferCtxtEvalExt::evaluate_root_goal] if you're
+    /// outside of it.
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(tcx, search_graph), ret)]
+    fn evaluate_canonical_goal(
+        tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
+        search_graph: &'a mut search_graph::SearchGraph<'tcx>,
+        canonical_goal: CanonicalGoal<'tcx>,
+    ) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
+        // Deal with overflow, caching, and coinduction.
+        //
+        // The actual solver logic happens in `ecx.compute_goal`.
+        search_graph.with_new_goal(tcx, canonical_goal, |search_graph| {
+            let (ref infcx, goal, var_values) =
+                tcx.infer_ctxt().build_with_canonical(DUMMY_SP, &canonical_goal);
+            let mut ecx = EvalCtxt {
+                infcx,
+                var_values,
+                max_input_universe: canonical_goal.max_universe,
+                search_graph,
+                nested_goals: NestedGoals::new(),
+            };
+            ecx.compute_goal(goal)
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Recursively evaluates `goal`, returning whether any inference vars have
+    /// been constrained and the certainty of the result.
+    fn evaluate_goal(
+        &mut self,
+        is_normalizes_to_hack: IsNormalizesToHack,
+        goal: Goal<'tcx, ty::Predicate<'tcx>>,
+    ) -> Result<(bool, Certainty), NoSolution> {
+        let (orig_values, canonical_goal) = self.canonicalize_goal(goal);
+        let canonical_response =
+            EvalCtxt::evaluate_canonical_goal(self.tcx(), self.search_graph, canonical_goal)?;
+
+        let has_changed = !canonical_response.value.var_values.is_identity();
+        let certainty = self.instantiate_and_apply_query_response(
+            goal.param_env,
+            orig_values,
+            canonical_response,
+        )?;
+
+        // Check that rerunning this query with its inference constraints applied
+        // doesn't result in new inference constraints and has the same result.
+        //
+        // If we have projection goals like `<T as Trait>::Assoc == u32` we recursively
+        // call `exists<U> <T as Trait>::Assoc == U` to enable better caching. This goal
+        // could constrain `U` to `u32` which would cause this check to result in a
+        // solver cycle.
+        if cfg!(debug_assertions)
+            && has_changed
+            && is_normalizes_to_hack == IsNormalizesToHack::No
+            && !self.search_graph.in_cycle()
+        {
+            debug!("rerunning goal to check result is stable");
+            let (_orig_values, canonical_goal) = self.canonicalize_goal(goal);
+            let canonical_response =
+                EvalCtxt::evaluate_canonical_goal(self.tcx(), self.search_graph, canonical_goal)?;
+            if !canonical_response.value.var_values.is_identity() {
+                bug!("unstable result: {goal:?} {canonical_goal:?} {canonical_response:?}");
+            }
+            assert_eq!(certainty, canonical_response.value.certainty);
+        }
+
+        Ok((has_changed, certainty))
+    }
+
+    fn compute_goal(&mut self, goal: Goal<'tcx, ty::Predicate<'tcx>>) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
+        let Goal { param_env, predicate } = goal;
+        let kind = predicate.kind();
+        if let Some(kind) = kind.no_bound_vars() {
+            match kind {
+                ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::Trait(predicate)) => {
+                    self.compute_trait_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate })
+                }
+                ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::Projection(predicate)) => {
+                    self.compute_projection_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate })
+                }
+                ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::TypeOutlives(predicate)) => {
+                    self.compute_type_outlives_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate })
+                }
+                ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::RegionOutlives(predicate)) => {
+                    self.compute_region_outlives_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate })
+                }
+                ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::ConstArgHasType(ct, ty)) => {
+                    self.compute_const_arg_has_type_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate: (ct, ty) })
+                }
+                ty::PredicateKind::Subtype(predicate) => {
+                    self.compute_subtype_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate })
+                }
+                ty::PredicateKind::Coerce(predicate) => {
+                    self.compute_coerce_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate })
+                }
+                ty::PredicateKind::ClosureKind(def_id, substs, kind) => self
+                    .compute_closure_kind_goal(Goal {
+                        param_env,
+                        predicate: (def_id, substs, kind),
+                    }),
+                ty::PredicateKind::ObjectSafe(trait_def_id) => {
+                    self.compute_object_safe_goal(trait_def_id)
+                }
+                ty::PredicateKind::WellFormed(arg) => {
+                    self.compute_well_formed_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate: arg })
+                }
+                ty::PredicateKind::Ambiguous => {
+                    self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS)
+                }
+                // FIXME: implement these predicates :)
+                ty::PredicateKind::ConstEvaluatable(_) | ty::PredicateKind::ConstEquate(_, _) => {
+                    self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
+                }
+                ty::PredicateKind::TypeWellFormedFromEnv(..) => {
+                    bug!("TypeWellFormedFromEnv is only used for Chalk")
+                }
+                ty::PredicateKind::AliasEq(lhs, rhs) => {
+                    self.compute_alias_eq_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate: (lhs, rhs) })
+                }
+            }
+        } else {
+            let kind = self.infcx.instantiate_binder_with_placeholders(kind);
+            let goal = goal.with(self.tcx(), ty::Binder::dummy(kind));
+            self.add_goal(goal);
+            self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Recursively evaluates all the goals added to this `EvalCtxt` to completion, returning
+    // the certainty of all the goals.
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
+    pub(super) fn try_evaluate_added_goals(&mut self) -> Result<Certainty, NoSolution> {
+        let mut goals = core::mem::replace(&mut self.nested_goals, NestedGoals::new());
+        let mut new_goals = NestedGoals::new();
+
+        let response = self.repeat_while_none(
+            |_| Ok(Certainty::Maybe(MaybeCause::Overflow)),
+            |this| {
+                let mut has_changed = Err(Certainty::Yes);
+
+                if let Some(goal) = goals.normalizes_to_hack_goal.take() {
+                    let (_, certainty) = match this.evaluate_goal(
+                        IsNormalizesToHack::Yes,
+                        goal.with(this.tcx(), ty::Binder::dummy(goal.predicate)),
+                    ) {
+                        Ok(r) => r,
+                        Err(NoSolution) => return Some(Err(NoSolution)),
+                    };
+
+                    if goal.predicate.projection_ty
+                        != this.resolve_vars_if_possible(goal.predicate.projection_ty)
+                    {
+                        has_changed = Ok(())
+                    }
+
+                    match certainty {
+                        Certainty::Yes => {}
+                        Certainty::Maybe(_) => {
+                            let goal = this.resolve_vars_if_possible(goal);
+
+                            // The rhs of this `normalizes-to` must always be an unconstrained infer var as it is
+                            // the hack used by `normalizes-to` to ensure that every `normalizes-to` behaves the same
+                            // regardless of the rhs.
+                            //
+                            // However it is important not to unconditionally replace the rhs with a new infer var
+                            // as otherwise we may replace the original unconstrained infer var with a new infer var
+                            // and never propagate any constraints on the new var back to the original var.
+                            let term = this
+                                .term_is_fully_unconstrained(goal)
+                                .then_some(goal.predicate.term)
+                                .unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                                    this.next_term_infer_of_kind(goal.predicate.term)
+                                });
+                            let projection_pred = ty::ProjectionPredicate {
+                                term,
+                                projection_ty: goal.predicate.projection_ty,
+                            };
+                            new_goals.normalizes_to_hack_goal =
+                                Some(goal.with(this.tcx(), projection_pred));
+
+                            has_changed = has_changed.map_err(|c| c.unify_and(certainty));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                for nested_goal in goals.goals.drain(..) {
+                    let (changed, certainty) =
+                        match this.evaluate_goal(IsNormalizesToHack::No, nested_goal) {
+                            Ok(result) => result,
+                            Err(NoSolution) => return Some(Err(NoSolution)),
+                        };
+
+                    if changed {
+                        has_changed = Ok(());
+                    }
+
+                    match certainty {
+                        Certainty::Yes => {}
+                        Certainty::Maybe(_) => {
+                            new_goals.goals.push(nested_goal);
+                            has_changed = has_changed.map_err(|c| c.unify_and(certainty));
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                core::mem::swap(&mut new_goals, &mut goals);
+                match has_changed {
+                    Ok(()) => None,
+                    Err(certainty) => Some(Ok(certainty)),
+                }
+            },
+        );
+
+        self.nested_goals = goals;
+        response
+    }
 }
 
 impl<'tcx> EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
     pub(super) fn probe<T>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx>) -> T) -> T {
-        self.infcx.probe(|_| f(self))
+        let mut ecx = EvalCtxt {
+            infcx: self.infcx,
+            var_values: self.var_values,
+            max_input_universe: self.max_input_universe,
+            search_graph: self.search_graph,
+            nested_goals: self.nested_goals.clone(),
+        };
+        self.infcx.probe(|_| f(&mut ecx))
     }
 
     pub(super) fn tcx(&self) -> TyCtxt<'tcx> {
@@ -61,6 +355,15 @@ impl<'tcx> EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
         )
     }
 
+    /// Returns a ty infer or a const infer depending on whether `kind` is a `Ty` or `Const`.
+    /// If `kind` is an integer inference variable this will still return a ty infer var.
+    pub(super) fn next_term_infer_of_kind(&self, kind: ty::Term<'tcx>) -> ty::Term<'tcx> {
+        match kind.unpack() {
+            ty::TermKind::Ty(_) => self.next_ty_infer().into(),
+            ty::TermKind::Const(ct) => self.next_const_infer(ct.ty()).into(),
+        }
+    }
+
     /// Is the projection predicate is of the form `exists<T> <Ty as Trait>::Assoc = T`.
     ///
     /// This is the case if the `term` is an inference variable in the innermost universe
@@ -137,6 +440,30 @@ impl<'tcx> EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
 
     #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self, param_env), ret)]
     pub(super) fn eq<T: ToTrace<'tcx>>(
+        &mut self,
+        param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
+        lhs: T,
+        rhs: T,
+    ) -> Result<(), NoSolution> {
+        self.infcx
+            .at(&ObligationCause::dummy(), param_env)
+            .eq(DefineOpaqueTypes::No, lhs, rhs)
+            .map(|InferOk { value: (), obligations }| {
+                self.add_goals(obligations.into_iter().map(|o| o.into()));
+            })
+            .map_err(|e| {
+                debug!(?e, "failed to equate");
+                NoSolution
+            })
+    }
+
+    /// Equates two values returning the nested goals without adding them
+    /// to the nested goals of the `EvalCtxt`.
+    ///
+    /// If possible, try using `eq` instead which automatically handles nested
+    /// goals correctly.
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self, param_env), ret)]
+    pub(super) fn eq_and_get_goals<T: ToTrace<'tcx>>(
         &self,
         param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
         lhs: T,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/mod.rs
index a873060687d..606c2eaa510 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/mod.rs
@@ -15,23 +15,19 @@
 
 // FIXME: uses of `infcx.at` need to enable deferred projection equality once that's implemented.
 
-use std::mem;
-
 use rustc_hir::def_id::DefId;
 use rustc_infer::infer::canonical::{Canonical, CanonicalVarValues};
-use rustc_infer::infer::{DefineOpaqueTypes, InferCtxt, InferOk, TyCtxtInferExt};
+use rustc_infer::infer::{DefineOpaqueTypes, InferOk};
 use rustc_infer::traits::query::NoSolution;
 use rustc_middle::traits::solve::{
     CanonicalGoal, CanonicalResponse, Certainty, ExternalConstraints, ExternalConstraintsData,
-    Goal, MaybeCause, QueryResult, Response,
+    Goal, QueryResult, Response,
 };
 use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Ty, TyCtxt};
 use rustc_middle::ty::{
     CoercePredicate, RegionOutlivesPredicate, SubtypePredicate, TypeOutlivesPredicate,
 };
-use rustc_span::DUMMY_SP;
 
-use crate::solve::search_graph::OverflowHandler;
 use crate::traits::ObligationCause;
 
 mod assembly;
@@ -42,7 +38,7 @@ mod project_goals;
 mod search_graph;
 mod trait_goals;
 
-pub use eval_ctxt::EvalCtxt;
+pub use eval_ctxt::{EvalCtxt, InferCtxtEvalExt};
 pub use fulfill::FulfillmentCtxt;
 
 trait CanonicalResponseExt {
@@ -57,180 +53,18 @@ impl<'tcx> CanonicalResponseExt for Canonical<'tcx, Response<'tcx>> {
     }
 }
 
-pub trait InferCtxtEvalExt<'tcx> {
-    /// Evaluates a goal from **outside** of the trait solver.
-    ///
-    /// Using this while inside of the solver is wrong as it uses a new
-    /// search graph which would break cycle detection.
-    fn evaluate_root_goal(
-        &self,
-        goal: Goal<'tcx, ty::Predicate<'tcx>>,
-    ) -> Result<(bool, Certainty), NoSolution>;
-}
-
-impl<'tcx> InferCtxtEvalExt<'tcx> for InferCtxt<'tcx> {
-    fn evaluate_root_goal(
-        &self,
-        goal: Goal<'tcx, ty::Predicate<'tcx>>,
-    ) -> Result<(bool, Certainty), NoSolution> {
-        let mut search_graph = search_graph::SearchGraph::new(self.tcx);
-
-        let result = EvalCtxt {
-            search_graph: &mut search_graph,
-            infcx: self,
-            // Only relevant when canonicalizing the response.
-            max_input_universe: ty::UniverseIndex::ROOT,
-            var_values: CanonicalVarValues::dummy(),
-            in_projection_eq_hack: false,
-        }
-        .evaluate_goal(goal);
-
-        assert!(search_graph.is_empty());
-        result
-    }
-}
-
 impl<'a, 'tcx> EvalCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
-    /// The entry point of the solver.
-    ///
-    /// This function deals with (coinductive) cycles, overflow, and caching
-    /// and then calls [`EvalCtxt::compute_goal`] which contains the actual
-    /// logic of the solver.
-    ///
-    /// Instead of calling this function directly, use either [EvalCtxt::evaluate_goal]
-    /// if you're inside of the solver or [InferCtxtEvalExt::evaluate_root_goal] if you're
-    /// outside of it.
-    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(tcx, search_graph), ret)]
-    fn evaluate_canonical_goal(
-        tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
-        search_graph: &'a mut search_graph::SearchGraph<'tcx>,
-        canonical_goal: CanonicalGoal<'tcx>,
-    ) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
-        // Deal with overflow, caching, and coinduction.
-        //
-        // The actual solver logic happens in `ecx.compute_goal`.
-        search_graph.with_new_goal(tcx, canonical_goal, |search_graph| {
-            let (ref infcx, goal, var_values) =
-                tcx.infer_ctxt().build_with_canonical(DUMMY_SP, &canonical_goal);
-            let mut ecx = EvalCtxt {
-                infcx,
-                var_values,
-                max_input_universe: canonical_goal.max_universe,
-                search_graph,
-                in_projection_eq_hack: false,
-            };
-            ecx.compute_goal(goal)
-        })
-    }
-
-    /// Recursively evaluates `goal`, returning whether any inference vars have
-    /// been constrained and the certainty of the result.
-    fn evaluate_goal(
-        &mut self,
-        goal: Goal<'tcx, ty::Predicate<'tcx>>,
-    ) -> Result<(bool, Certainty), NoSolution> {
-        let (orig_values, canonical_goal) = self.canonicalize_goal(goal);
-        let canonical_response =
-            EvalCtxt::evaluate_canonical_goal(self.tcx(), self.search_graph, canonical_goal)?;
-
-        let has_changed = !canonical_response.value.var_values.is_identity();
-        let certainty = self.instantiate_and_apply_query_response(
-            goal.param_env,
-            orig_values,
-            canonical_response,
-        )?;
-
-        // Check that rerunning this query with its inference constraints applied
-        // doesn't result in new inference constraints and has the same result.
-        //
-        // If we have projection goals like `<T as Trait>::Assoc == u32` we recursively
-        // call `exists<U> <T as Trait>::Assoc == U` to enable better caching. This goal
-        // could constrain `U` to `u32` which would cause this check to result in a
-        // solver cycle.
-        if cfg!(debug_assertions)
-            && has_changed
-            && !self.in_projection_eq_hack
-            && !self.search_graph.in_cycle()
-            && false
-        {
-            let (_orig_values, canonical_goal) = self.canonicalize_goal(goal);
-            let canonical_response =
-                EvalCtxt::evaluate_canonical_goal(self.tcx(), self.search_graph, canonical_goal)?;
-            if !canonical_response.value.var_values.is_identity() {
-                bug!("unstable result: {goal:?} {canonical_goal:?} {canonical_response:?}");
-            }
-            assert_eq!(certainty, canonical_response.value.certainty);
-        }
-
-        Ok((has_changed, certainty))
-    }
-
-    fn compute_goal(&mut self, goal: Goal<'tcx, ty::Predicate<'tcx>>) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
-        let Goal { param_env, predicate } = goal;
-        let kind = predicate.kind();
-        if let Some(kind) = kind.no_bound_vars() {
-            match kind {
-                ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::Trait(predicate)) => {
-                    self.compute_trait_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate })
-                }
-                ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::Projection(predicate)) => {
-                    self.compute_projection_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate })
-                }
-                ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::TypeOutlives(predicate)) => {
-                    self.compute_type_outlives_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate })
-                }
-                ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::RegionOutlives(predicate)) => {
-                    self.compute_region_outlives_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate })
-                }
-                ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::Clause::ConstArgHasType(ct, ty)) => {
-                    self.compute_const_arg_has_type_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate: (ct, ty) })
-                }
-                ty::PredicateKind::Subtype(predicate) => {
-                    self.compute_subtype_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate })
-                }
-                ty::PredicateKind::Coerce(predicate) => {
-                    self.compute_coerce_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate })
-                }
-                ty::PredicateKind::ClosureKind(def_id, substs, kind) => self
-                    .compute_closure_kind_goal(Goal {
-                        param_env,
-                        predicate: (def_id, substs, kind),
-                    }),
-                ty::PredicateKind::ObjectSafe(trait_def_id) => {
-                    self.compute_object_safe_goal(trait_def_id)
-                }
-                ty::PredicateKind::WellFormed(arg) => {
-                    self.compute_well_formed_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate: arg })
-                }
-                ty::PredicateKind::Ambiguous => self.make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS),
-                // FIXME: implement these predicates :)
-                ty::PredicateKind::ConstEvaluatable(_) | ty::PredicateKind::ConstEquate(_, _) => {
-                    self.make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
-                }
-                ty::PredicateKind::TypeWellFormedFromEnv(..) => {
-                    bug!("TypeWellFormedFromEnv is only used for Chalk")
-                }
-                ty::PredicateKind::AliasEq(lhs, rhs) => {
-                    self.compute_alias_eq_goal(Goal { param_env, predicate: (lhs, rhs) })
-                }
-            }
-        } else {
-            let kind = self.infcx.instantiate_binder_with_placeholders(kind);
-            let goal = goal.with(self.tcx(), ty::Binder::dummy(kind));
-            let (_, certainty) = self.evaluate_goal(goal)?;
-            self.make_canonical_response(certainty)
-        }
-    }
-
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
     fn compute_type_outlives_goal(
         &mut self,
         goal: Goal<'tcx, TypeOutlivesPredicate<'tcx>>,
     ) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
         let ty::OutlivesPredicate(ty, lt) = goal.predicate;
         self.infcx.register_region_obligation_with_cause(ty, lt, &ObligationCause::dummy());
-        self.make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
+        self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
     fn compute_region_outlives_goal(
         &mut self,
         goal: Goal<'tcx, RegionOutlivesPredicate<'tcx>>,
@@ -239,9 +73,10 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EvalCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
             &ObligationCause::dummy(),
             ty::Binder::dummy(goal.predicate),
         );
-        self.make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
+        self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
     }
 
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
     fn compute_coerce_goal(
         &mut self,
         goal: Goal<'tcx, CoercePredicate<'tcx>>,
@@ -256,6 +91,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EvalCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         })
     }
 
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
     fn compute_subtype_goal(
         &mut self,
         goal: Goal<'tcx, SubtypePredicate<'tcx>>,
@@ -263,18 +99,18 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EvalCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         if goal.predicate.a.is_ty_var() && goal.predicate.b.is_ty_var() {
             // FIXME: Do we want to register a subtype relation between these vars?
             // That won't actually reflect in the query response, so it seems moot.
-            self.make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS)
+            self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS)
         } else {
             let InferOk { value: (), obligations } = self
                 .infcx
                 .at(&ObligationCause::dummy(), goal.param_env)
                 .sub(DefineOpaqueTypes::No, goal.predicate.a, goal.predicate.b)?;
-            self.evaluate_all_and_make_canonical_response(
-                obligations.into_iter().map(|pred| pred.into()).collect(),
-            )
+            self.add_goals(obligations.into_iter().map(|pred| pred.into()));
+            self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
         }
     }
 
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
     fn compute_closure_kind_goal(
         &mut self,
         goal: Goal<'tcx, (DefId, ty::SubstsRef<'tcx>, ty::ClosureKind)>,
@@ -283,23 +119,25 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EvalCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         let found_kind = substs.as_closure().kind_ty().to_opt_closure_kind();
 
         let Some(found_kind) = found_kind else {
-            return self.make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS);
+            return self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS);
         };
         if found_kind.extends(expected_kind) {
-            self.make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
+            self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
         } else {
             Err(NoSolution)
         }
     }
 
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
     fn compute_object_safe_goal(&mut self, trait_def_id: DefId) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
         if self.tcx().check_is_object_safe(trait_def_id) {
-            self.make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
+            self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
         } else {
             Err(NoSolution)
         }
     }
 
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
     fn compute_well_formed_goal(
         &mut self,
         goal: Goal<'tcx, ty::GenericArg<'tcx>>,
@@ -309,10 +147,11 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EvalCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
             goal.param_env,
             goal.predicate,
         ) {
-            Some(obligations) => self.evaluate_all_and_make_canonical_response(
-                obligations.into_iter().map(|o| o.into()).collect(),
-            ),
-            None => self.make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS),
+            Some(obligations) => {
+                self.add_goals(obligations.into_iter().map(|o| o.into()));
+                self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
+            }
+            None => self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS),
         }
     }
 
@@ -326,14 +165,14 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EvalCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         let evaluate_normalizes_to = |ecx: &mut EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx>, alias, other| {
             debug!("evaluate_normalizes_to(alias={:?}, other={:?})", alias, other);
             let r = ecx.probe(|ecx| {
-                let (_, certainty) = ecx.evaluate_goal(goal.with(
+                ecx.add_goal(goal.with(
                     tcx,
                     ty::Binder::dummy(ty::ProjectionPredicate {
                         projection_ty: alias,
                         term: other,
                     }),
-                ))?;
-                ecx.make_canonical_response(certainty)
+                ));
+                ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
             });
             debug!("evaluate_normalizes_to(..) -> {:?}", r);
             r
@@ -360,10 +199,10 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EvalCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                 // Evaluate all 3 potential candidates for the alias' being equal
                 candidates.push(evaluate_normalizes_to(self, alias_lhs, goal.predicate.1));
                 candidates.push(evaluate_normalizes_to(self, alias_rhs, goal.predicate.0));
-                candidates.push(self.probe(|this| {
+                candidates.push(self.probe(|ecx| {
                     debug!("compute_alias_eq_goal: alias defids are equal, equating substs");
-                    let nested_goals = this.eq(goal.param_env, alias_lhs, alias_rhs)?;
-                    this.evaluate_all_and_make_canonical_response(nested_goals)
+                    ecx.eq(goal.param_env, alias_lhs, alias_rhs)?;
+                    ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
                 }));
 
                 debug!(?candidates);
@@ -379,62 +218,31 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EvalCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         goal: Goal<'tcx, (ty::Const<'tcx>, Ty<'tcx>)>,
     ) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
         let (ct, ty) = goal.predicate;
-        let nested_goals = self.eq(goal.param_env, ct.ty(), ty)?;
-        self.evaluate_all_and_make_canonical_response(nested_goals)
+        self.eq(goal.param_env, ct.ty(), ty)?;
+        self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
     }
 }
 
 impl<'tcx> EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
-    // Recursively evaluates a list of goals to completion, returning the certainty
-    // of all of the goals.
-    fn evaluate_all(
-        &mut self,
-        mut goals: Vec<Goal<'tcx, ty::Predicate<'tcx>>>,
-    ) -> Result<Certainty, NoSolution> {
-        let mut new_goals = Vec::new();
-        self.repeat_while_none(
-            |_| Ok(Certainty::Maybe(MaybeCause::Overflow)),
-            |this| {
-                let mut has_changed = Err(Certainty::Yes);
-                for goal in goals.drain(..) {
-                    let (changed, certainty) = match this.evaluate_goal(goal) {
-                        Ok(result) => result,
-                        Err(NoSolution) => return Some(Err(NoSolution)),
-                    };
-
-                    if changed {
-                        has_changed = Ok(());
-                    }
-
-                    match certainty {
-                        Certainty::Yes => {}
-                        Certainty::Maybe(_) => {
-                            new_goals.push(goal);
-                            has_changed = has_changed.map_err(|c| c.unify_and(certainty));
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-
-                match has_changed {
-                    Ok(()) => {
-                        mem::swap(&mut new_goals, &mut goals);
-                        None
-                    }
-                    Err(certainty) => Some(Ok(certainty)),
-                }
-            },
-        )
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
+    fn set_normalizes_to_hack_goal(&mut self, goal: Goal<'tcx, ty::ProjectionPredicate<'tcx>>) {
+        assert!(
+            self.nested_goals.normalizes_to_hack_goal.is_none(),
+            "attempted to set the projection eq hack goal when one already exists"
+        );
+        self.nested_goals.normalizes_to_hack_goal = Some(goal);
     }
 
-    // Recursively evaluates a list of goals to completion, making a query response.
-    //
-    // This is just a convenient way of calling [`EvalCtxt::evaluate_all`],
-    // then [`EvalCtxt::make_canonical_response`].
-    fn evaluate_all_and_make_canonical_response(
-        &mut self,
-        goals: Vec<Goal<'tcx, ty::Predicate<'tcx>>>,
-    ) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
-        self.evaluate_all(goals).and_then(|certainty| self.make_canonical_response(certainty))
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
+    fn add_goal(&mut self, goal: Goal<'tcx, ty::Predicate<'tcx>>) {
+        self.nested_goals.goals.push(goal);
+    }
+
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self, goals))]
+    fn add_goals(&mut self, goals: impl IntoIterator<Item = Goal<'tcx, ty::Predicate<'tcx>>>) {
+        let current_len = self.nested_goals.goals.len();
+        self.nested_goals.goals.extend(goals);
+        debug!("added_goals={:?}", &self.nested_goals.goals[current_len..]);
     }
 
     fn try_merge_responses(
@@ -466,7 +274,7 @@ impl<'tcx> EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
         });
         // FIXME(-Ztrait-solver=next): We should take the intersection of the constraints on all the
         // responses and use that for the constraints of this ambiguous response.
-        let response = self.make_canonical_response(certainty);
+        let response = self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(certainty);
         if let Ok(response) = &response {
             assert!(response.has_no_inference_or_external_constraints());
         }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/project_goals.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/project_goals.rs
index dbb8e722c8f..93d77c39f95 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/project_goals.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/project_goals.rs
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ use rustc_span::{sym, DUMMY_SP};
 use std::iter;
 
 impl<'tcx> EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self), ret)]
     pub(super) fn compute_projection_goal(
         &mut self,
         goal: Goal<'tcx, ProjectionPredicate<'tcx>>,
@@ -36,53 +37,17 @@ impl<'tcx> EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
             self.merge_candidates_and_discard_reservation_impls(candidates)
         } else {
             let predicate = goal.predicate;
-            let unconstrained_rhs = match predicate.term.unpack() {
-                ty::TermKind::Ty(_) => self.next_ty_infer().into(),
-                ty::TermKind::Const(ct) => self.next_const_infer(ct.ty()).into(),
-            };
-            let unconstrained_predicate = ty::Clause::Projection(ProjectionPredicate {
+            let unconstrained_rhs = self.next_term_infer_of_kind(predicate.term);
+            let unconstrained_predicate = ProjectionPredicate {
                 projection_ty: goal.predicate.projection_ty,
                 term: unconstrained_rhs,
-            });
-            let (_has_changed, normalize_certainty) = self.in_projection_eq_hack(|this| {
-                this.evaluate_goal(goal.with(this.tcx(), unconstrained_predicate))
-            })?;
-
-            let nested_eq_goals = self.eq(goal.param_env, unconstrained_rhs, predicate.term)?;
-            let eval_certainty = self.evaluate_all(nested_eq_goals)?;
-            self.make_canonical_response(normalize_certainty.unify_and(eval_certainty))
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// This sets a flag used by a debug assert in [`EvalCtxt::evaluate_goal`],
-    /// see the comment in that method for more details.
-    fn in_projection_eq_hack<T>(&mut self, f: impl FnOnce(&mut Self) -> T) -> T {
-        self.in_projection_eq_hack = true;
-        let result = f(self);
-        self.in_projection_eq_hack = false;
-        result
-    }
-
-    /// After normalizing the projection to `normalized_alias` with the given
-    /// `normalization_certainty`, constrain the inference variable `term` to it
-    /// and return a query response.
-    fn eq_term_and_make_canonical_response(
-        &mut self,
-        goal: Goal<'tcx, ProjectionPredicate<'tcx>>,
-        normalization_certainty: Certainty,
-        normalized_alias: impl Into<ty::Term<'tcx>>,
-    ) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
-        // The term of our goal should be fully unconstrained, so this should never fail.
-        //
-        // It can however be ambiguous when the `normalized_alias` contains a projection.
-        let nested_goals = self
-            .eq(goal.param_env, goal.predicate.term, normalized_alias.into())
-            .expect("failed to unify with unconstrained term");
-
-        let unify_certainty =
-            self.evaluate_all(nested_goals).expect("failed to unify with unconstrained term");
+            };
 
-        self.make_canonical_response(normalization_certainty.unify_and(unify_certainty))
+            self.set_normalizes_to_hack_goal(goal.with(self.tcx(), unconstrained_predicate));
+            self.try_evaluate_added_goals()?;
+            self.eq(goal.param_env, unconstrained_rhs, predicate.term)?;
+            self.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -111,19 +76,14 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for ProjectionPredicate<'tcx> {
             ecx.probe(|ecx| {
                 let assumption_projection_pred =
                     ecx.instantiate_binder_with_infer(poly_projection_pred);
-                let mut nested_goals = ecx.eq(
+                ecx.eq(
                     goal.param_env,
                     goal.predicate.projection_ty,
                     assumption_projection_pred.projection_ty,
                 )?;
-                nested_goals.extend(requirements);
-                let subst_certainty = ecx.evaluate_all(nested_goals)?;
-
-                ecx.eq_term_and_make_canonical_response(
-                    goal,
-                    subst_certainty,
-                    assumption_projection_pred.term,
-                )
+                ecx.eq(goal.param_env, goal.predicate.term, assumption_projection_pred.term)?;
+                ecx.add_goals(requirements);
+                ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
             })
         } else {
             Err(NoSolution)
@@ -139,21 +99,22 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for ProjectionPredicate<'tcx> {
             && poly_projection_pred.projection_def_id() == goal.predicate.def_id()
         {
             ecx.probe(|ecx| {
+                let tcx = ecx.tcx();
+
                 let assumption_projection_pred =
                     ecx.instantiate_binder_with_infer(poly_projection_pred);
-                let mut nested_goals = ecx.eq(
+                ecx.eq(
                     goal.param_env,
                     goal.predicate.projection_ty,
                     assumption_projection_pred.projection_ty,
                 )?;
 
-                let tcx = ecx.tcx();
                 let ty::Dynamic(bounds, _, _) = *goal.predicate.self_ty().kind() else {
                     bug!("expected object type in `consider_object_bound_candidate`");
                 };
-                nested_goals.extend(
+                ecx.add_goals(
                     structural_traits::predicates_for_object_candidate(
-                        ecx,
+                        &ecx,
                         goal.param_env,
                         goal.predicate.projection_ty.trait_ref(tcx),
                         bounds,
@@ -161,14 +122,8 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for ProjectionPredicate<'tcx> {
                     .into_iter()
                     .map(|pred| goal.with(tcx, pred)),
                 );
-
-                let subst_certainty = ecx.evaluate_all(nested_goals)?;
-
-                ecx.eq_term_and_make_canonical_response(
-                    goal,
-                    subst_certainty,
-                    assumption_projection_pred.term,
-                )
+                ecx.eq(goal.param_env, goal.predicate.term, assumption_projection_pred.term)?;
+                ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
             })
         } else {
             Err(NoSolution)
@@ -195,16 +150,15 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for ProjectionPredicate<'tcx> {
             let impl_substs = ecx.fresh_substs_for_item(impl_def_id);
             let impl_trait_ref = impl_trait_ref.subst(tcx, impl_substs);
 
-            let mut nested_goals = ecx.eq(goal.param_env, goal_trait_ref, impl_trait_ref)?;
+            ecx.eq(goal.param_env, goal_trait_ref, impl_trait_ref)?;
+
             let where_clause_bounds = tcx
                 .predicates_of(impl_def_id)
                 .instantiate(tcx, impl_substs)
                 .predicates
                 .into_iter()
                 .map(|pred| goal.with(tcx, pred));
-
-            nested_goals.extend(where_clause_bounds);
-            let match_impl_certainty = ecx.evaluate_all(nested_goals)?;
+            ecx.add_goals(where_clause_bounds);
 
             // In case the associated item is hidden due to specialization, we have to
             // return ambiguity this would otherwise be incomplete, resulting in
@@ -216,7 +170,7 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for ProjectionPredicate<'tcx> {
                 goal.predicate.def_id(),
                 impl_def_id
             )? else {
-                return ecx.make_canonical_response(match_impl_certainty.unify_and(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS));
+                return ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes);
             };
 
             if !assoc_def.item.defaultness(tcx).has_value() {
@@ -263,7 +217,8 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for ProjectionPredicate<'tcx> {
                 ty.map_bound(|ty| ty.into())
             };
 
-            ecx.eq_term_and_make_canonical_response(goal, match_impl_certainty, term.subst(tcx, substs))
+            ecx.eq(goal.param_env, goal.predicate.term, term.subst(tcx, substs))?;
+            ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
         })
     }
 
@@ -308,14 +263,18 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for ProjectionPredicate<'tcx> {
         goal_kind: ty::ClosureKind,
     ) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
         let tcx = ecx.tcx();
-        let Some(tupled_inputs_and_output) =
-        structural_traits::extract_tupled_inputs_and_output_from_callable(
-            tcx,
-            goal.predicate.self_ty(),
-            goal_kind,
-        )? else {
-        return ecx.make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS);
-    };
+        let tupled_inputs_and_output =
+            match structural_traits::extract_tupled_inputs_and_output_from_callable(
+                tcx,
+                goal.predicate.self_ty(),
+                goal_kind,
+            )? {
+                Some(tupled_inputs_and_output) => tupled_inputs_and_output,
+                None => {
+                    return ecx
+                        .evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS);
+                }
+            };
         let output_is_sized_pred = tupled_inputs_and_output
             .map_bound(|(_, output)| tcx.at(DUMMY_SP).mk_trait_ref(LangItem::Sized, [output]));
 
@@ -380,13 +339,9 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for ProjectionPredicate<'tcx> {
                         [ty::GenericArg::from(goal.predicate.self_ty())],
                     ));
 
-                    let (_, is_sized_certainty) =
-                        ecx.evaluate_goal(goal.with(tcx, sized_predicate))?;
-                    return ecx.eq_term_and_make_canonical_response(
-                        goal,
-                        is_sized_certainty,
-                        tcx.types.unit,
-                    );
+                    ecx.add_goal(goal.with(tcx, sized_predicate));
+                    ecx.eq(goal.param_env, goal.predicate.term, tcx.types.unit.into())?;
+                    return ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes);
                 }
 
                 ty::Adt(def, substs) if def.is_struct() => {
@@ -394,12 +349,12 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for ProjectionPredicate<'tcx> {
                         None => tcx.types.unit,
                         Some(field_def) => {
                             let self_ty = field_def.ty(tcx, substs);
-                            let new_goal = goal.with(
+                            ecx.add_goal(goal.with(
                                 tcx,
                                 ty::Binder::dummy(goal.predicate.with_self_ty(tcx, self_ty)),
-                            );
-                            let (_, certainty) = ecx.evaluate_goal(new_goal)?;
-                            return ecx.make_canonical_response(certainty);
+                            ));
+                            return ecx
+                                .evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes);
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -408,12 +363,12 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for ProjectionPredicate<'tcx> {
                 ty::Tuple(elements) => match elements.last() {
                     None => tcx.types.unit,
                     Some(&self_ty) => {
-                        let new_goal = goal.with(
+                        ecx.add_goal(goal.with(
                             tcx,
                             ty::Binder::dummy(goal.predicate.with_self_ty(tcx, self_ty)),
-                        );
-                        let (_, certainty) = ecx.evaluate_goal(new_goal)?;
-                        return ecx.make_canonical_response(certainty);
+                        ));
+                        return ecx
+                            .evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes);
                     }
                 },
 
@@ -426,7 +381,8 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for ProjectionPredicate<'tcx> {
                 ),
             };
 
-            ecx.eq_term_and_make_canonical_response(goal, Certainty::Yes, metadata_ty)
+            ecx.eq(goal.param_env, goal.predicate.term, metadata_ty.into())?;
+            ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
         })
     }
 
@@ -522,7 +478,10 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for ProjectionPredicate<'tcx> {
         goal: Goal<'tcx, Self>,
     ) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
         let discriminant = goal.predicate.self_ty().discriminant_ty(ecx.tcx());
-        ecx.probe(|ecx| ecx.eq_term_and_make_canonical_response(goal, Certainty::Yes, discriminant))
+        ecx.probe(|ecx| {
+            ecx.eq(goal.param_env, goal.predicate.term, discriminant.into())?;
+            ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
+        })
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/search_graph/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/search_graph/mod.rs
index f1b840aac55..83d77a69c00 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/search_graph/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/search_graph/mod.rs
@@ -39,9 +39,7 @@ impl<'tcx> SearchGraph<'tcx> {
     }
 
     pub(super) fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
-        self.stack.is_empty()
-            && self.provisional_cache.is_empty()
-            && !self.overflow_data.did_overflow()
+        self.stack.is_empty() && self.provisional_cache.is_empty()
     }
 
     /// Whether we're currently in a cycle. This should only be used
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/trait_goals.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/trait_goals.rs
index 7878539817c..8ab55c79fc4 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/trait_goals.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/trait_goals.rs
@@ -47,16 +47,15 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
             let impl_substs = ecx.fresh_substs_for_item(impl_def_id);
             let impl_trait_ref = impl_trait_ref.subst(tcx, impl_substs);
 
-            let mut nested_goals =
-                ecx.eq(goal.param_env, goal.predicate.trait_ref, impl_trait_ref)?;
+            ecx.eq(goal.param_env, goal.predicate.trait_ref, impl_trait_ref)?;
             let where_clause_bounds = tcx
                 .predicates_of(impl_def_id)
                 .instantiate(tcx, impl_substs)
                 .predicates
                 .into_iter()
                 .map(|pred| goal.with(tcx, pred));
-            nested_goals.extend(where_clause_bounds);
-            ecx.evaluate_all_and_make_canonical_response(nested_goals)
+            ecx.add_goals(where_clause_bounds);
+            ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
         })
     }
 
@@ -73,13 +72,13 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
             ecx.probe(|ecx| {
                 let assumption_trait_pred =
                     ecx.instantiate_binder_with_infer(poly_trait_pred);
-                let mut nested_goals = ecx.eq(
+                ecx.eq(
                     goal.param_env,
                     goal.predicate.trait_ref,
                     assumption_trait_pred.trait_ref,
                 )?;
-                nested_goals.extend(requirements);
-                ecx.evaluate_all_and_make_canonical_response(nested_goals)
+                ecx.add_goals(requirements);
+                ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
             })
         } else {
             Err(NoSolution)
@@ -98,7 +97,7 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
             ecx.probe(|ecx| {
                 let assumption_trait_pred =
                     ecx.instantiate_binder_with_infer(poly_trait_pred);
-                let mut nested_goals = ecx.eq(
+                ecx.eq(
                     goal.param_env,
                     goal.predicate.trait_ref,
                     assumption_trait_pred.trait_ref,
@@ -108,9 +107,9 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
                 let ty::Dynamic(bounds, _, _) = *goal.predicate.self_ty().kind() else {
                     bug!("expected object type in `consider_object_bound_candidate`");
                 };
-                nested_goals.extend(
+                ecx.add_goals(
                     structural_traits::predicates_for_object_candidate(
-                        ecx,
+                        &ecx,
                         goal.param_env,
                         goal.predicate.trait_ref,
                         bounds,
@@ -118,8 +117,7 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
                     .into_iter()
                     .map(|pred| goal.with(tcx, pred)),
                 );
-
-                ecx.evaluate_all_and_make_canonical_response(nested_goals)
+                ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
             })
         } else {
             Err(NoSolution)
@@ -166,9 +164,8 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
             let nested_obligations = tcx
                 .predicates_of(goal.predicate.def_id())
                 .instantiate(tcx, goal.predicate.trait_ref.substs);
-            ecx.evaluate_all_and_make_canonical_response(
-                nested_obligations.predicates.into_iter().map(|p| goal.with(tcx, p)).collect(),
-            )
+            ecx.add_goals(nested_obligations.predicates.into_iter().map(|p| goal.with(tcx, p)));
+            ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
         })
     }
 
@@ -197,7 +194,7 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
         goal: Goal<'tcx, Self>,
     ) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
         if goal.predicate.self_ty().has_non_region_infer() {
-            return ecx.make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS);
+            return ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS);
         }
 
         let tcx = ecx.tcx();
@@ -209,7 +206,7 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
             && layout.layout.align().abi == usize_layout.align().abi
         {
             // FIXME: We could make this faster by making a no-constraints response
-            ecx.make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
+            ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
         } else {
             Err(NoSolution)
         }
@@ -221,14 +218,18 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
         goal_kind: ty::ClosureKind,
     ) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
         let tcx = ecx.tcx();
-        let Some(tupled_inputs_and_output) =
-            structural_traits::extract_tupled_inputs_and_output_from_callable(
+        let tupled_inputs_and_output =
+            match structural_traits::extract_tupled_inputs_and_output_from_callable(
                 tcx,
                 goal.predicate.self_ty(),
                 goal_kind,
-            )? else {
-            return ecx.make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS);
-        };
+            )? {
+                Some(a) => a,
+                None => {
+                    return ecx
+                        .evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS);
+                }
+            };
         let output_is_sized_pred = tupled_inputs_and_output
             .map_bound(|(_, output)| tcx.at(DUMMY_SP).mk_trait_ref(LangItem::Sized, [output]));
 
@@ -247,7 +248,7 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
         goal: Goal<'tcx, Self>,
     ) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
         if let ty::Tuple(..) = goal.predicate.self_ty().kind() {
-            ecx.make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
+            ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
         } else {
             Err(NoSolution)
         }
@@ -257,7 +258,7 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
         ecx: &mut EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx>,
         _goal: Goal<'tcx, Self>,
     ) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
-        ecx.make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
+        ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
     }
 
     fn consider_builtin_future_candidate(
@@ -277,7 +278,7 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
         // Async generator unconditionally implement `Future`
         // Technically, we need to check that the future output type is Sized,
         // but that's already proven by the generator being WF.
-        ecx.make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
+        ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
     }
 
     fn consider_builtin_generator_candidate(
@@ -317,7 +318,7 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
         let a_ty = goal.predicate.self_ty();
         let b_ty = goal.predicate.trait_ref.substs.type_at(1);
         if b_ty.is_ty_var() {
-            return ecx.make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS);
+            return ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::AMBIGUOUS);
         }
         ecx.probe(|ecx| {
             match (a_ty.kind(), b_ty.kind()) {
@@ -326,7 +327,7 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
                     // Dyn upcasting is handled separately, since due to upcasting,
                     // when there are two supertraits that differ by substs, we
                     // may return more than one query response.
-                    return Err(NoSolution);
+                    Err(NoSolution)
                 }
                 // `T` -> `dyn Trait` unsizing
                 (_, &ty::Dynamic(data, region, ty::Dyn)) => {
@@ -341,29 +342,26 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
                     let Some(sized_def_id) = tcx.lang_items().sized_trait() else {
                         return Err(NoSolution);
                     };
-                    let nested_goals: Vec<_> = data
-                        .iter()
-                        // Check that the type implements all of the predicates of the def-id.
-                        // (i.e. the principal, all of the associated types match, and any auto traits)
-                        .map(|pred| goal.with(tcx, pred.with_self_ty(tcx, a_ty)))
-                        .chain([
-                            // The type must be Sized to be unsized.
-                            goal.with(
-                                tcx,
-                                ty::Binder::dummy(tcx.mk_trait_ref(sized_def_id, [a_ty])),
-                            ),
-                            // The type must outlive the lifetime of the `dyn` we're unsizing into.
-                            goal.with(tcx, ty::Binder::dummy(ty::OutlivesPredicate(a_ty, region))),
-                        ])
-                        .collect();
-
-                    ecx.evaluate_all_and_make_canonical_response(nested_goals)
+                    // Check that the type implements all of the predicates of the def-id.
+                    // (i.e. the principal, all of the associated types match, and any auto traits)
+                    ecx.add_goals(
+                        data.iter().map(|pred| goal.with(tcx, pred.with_self_ty(tcx, a_ty))),
+                    );
+                    // The type must be Sized to be unsized.
+                    ecx.add_goal(
+                        goal.with(tcx, ty::Binder::dummy(tcx.mk_trait_ref(sized_def_id, [a_ty]))),
+                    );
+                    // The type must outlive the lifetime of the `dyn` we're unsizing into.
+                    ecx.add_goal(
+                        goal.with(tcx, ty::Binder::dummy(ty::OutlivesPredicate(a_ty, region))),
+                    );
+                    ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
                 }
                 // `[T; n]` -> `[T]` unsizing
                 (&ty::Array(a_elem_ty, ..), &ty::Slice(b_elem_ty)) => {
                     // We just require that the element type stays the same
-                    let nested_goals = ecx.eq(goal.param_env, a_elem_ty, b_elem_ty)?;
-                    ecx.evaluate_all_and_make_canonical_response(nested_goals)
+                    ecx.eq(goal.param_env, a_elem_ty, b_elem_ty)?;
+                    ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
                 }
                 // Struct unsizing `Struct<T>` -> `Struct<U>` where `T: Unsize<U>`
                 (&ty::Adt(a_def, a_substs), &ty::Adt(b_def, b_substs))
@@ -397,15 +395,14 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
 
                     // Finally, we require that `TailA: Unsize<TailB>` for the tail field
                     // types.
-                    let mut nested_goals = ecx.eq(goal.param_env, unsized_a_ty, b_ty)?;
-                    nested_goals.push(goal.with(
+                    ecx.eq(goal.param_env, unsized_a_ty, b_ty)?;
+                    ecx.add_goal(goal.with(
                         tcx,
                         ty::Binder::dummy(
                             tcx.mk_trait_ref(goal.predicate.def_id(), [a_tail_ty, b_tail_ty]),
                         ),
                     ));
-
-                    ecx.evaluate_all_and_make_canonical_response(nested_goals)
+                    ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
                 }
                 // Tuple unsizing `(.., T)` -> `(.., U)` where `T: Unsize<U>`
                 (&ty::Tuple(a_tys), &ty::Tuple(b_tys))
@@ -417,17 +414,16 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
                     // Substitute just the tail field of B., and require that they're equal.
                     let unsized_a_ty =
                         tcx.mk_tup_from_iter(a_rest_tys.iter().chain([b_last_ty]).copied());
-                    let mut nested_goals = ecx.eq(goal.param_env, unsized_a_ty, b_ty)?;
+                    ecx.eq(goal.param_env, unsized_a_ty, b_ty)?;
 
                     // Similar to ADTs, require that the rest of the fields are equal.
-                    nested_goals.push(goal.with(
+                    ecx.add_goal(goal.with(
                         tcx,
                         ty::Binder::dummy(
                             tcx.mk_trait_ref(goal.predicate.def_id(), [*a_last_ty, *b_last_ty]),
                         ),
                     ));
-
-                    ecx.evaluate_all_and_make_canonical_response(nested_goals)
+                    ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
                 }
                 _ => Err(NoSolution),
             }
@@ -477,12 +473,11 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
                 let new_a_ty = tcx.mk_dynamic(new_a_data, b_region, ty::Dyn);
 
                 // We also require that A's lifetime outlives B's lifetime.
-                let mut nested_obligations = ecx.eq(goal.param_env, new_a_ty, b_ty)?;
-                nested_obligations.push(
+                ecx.eq(goal.param_env, new_a_ty, b_ty)?;
+                ecx.add_goal(
                     goal.with(tcx, ty::Binder::dummy(ty::OutlivesPredicate(a_region, b_region))),
                 );
-
-                ecx.evaluate_all_and_make_canonical_response(nested_obligations)
+                ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
             })
         };
 
@@ -516,7 +511,7 @@ impl<'tcx> assembly::GoalKind<'tcx> for TraitPredicate<'tcx> {
         _goal: Goal<'tcx, Self>,
     ) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
         // `DiscriminantKind` is automatically implemented for every type.
-        ecx.make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
+        ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
     }
 }
 
@@ -530,21 +525,23 @@ impl<'tcx> EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
         goal: Goal<'tcx, TraitPredicate<'tcx>>,
         constituent_tys: impl Fn(&EvalCtxt<'_, 'tcx>, Ty<'tcx>) -> Result<Vec<Ty<'tcx>>, NoSolution>,
     ) -> QueryResult<'tcx> {
-        self.probe(|this| {
-            this.evaluate_all_and_make_canonical_response(
-                constituent_tys(this, goal.predicate.self_ty())?
+        self.probe(|ecx| {
+            ecx.add_goals(
+                constituent_tys(ecx, goal.predicate.self_ty())?
                     .into_iter()
                     .map(|ty| {
                         goal.with(
-                            this.tcx(),
-                            ty::Binder::dummy(goal.predicate.with_self_ty(this.tcx(), ty)),
+                            ecx.tcx(),
+                            ty::Binder::dummy(goal.predicate.with_self_ty(ecx.tcx(), ty)),
                         )
                     })
-                    .collect(),
-            )
+                    .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            );
+            ecx.evaluate_added_goals_and_make_canonical_response(Certainty::Yes)
         })
     }
 
+    #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
     pub(super) fn compute_trait_goal(
         &mut self,
         goal: Goal<'tcx, TraitPredicate<'tcx>>,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/trait_goals/structural_traits.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/trait_goals/structural_traits.rs
index d7d93377cf1..9817186b874 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/trait_goals/structural_traits.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/trait_goals/structural_traits.rs
@@ -189,12 +189,28 @@ pub(crate) fn extract_tupled_inputs_and_output_from_callable<'tcx>(
     goal_kind: ty::ClosureKind,
 ) -> Result<Option<ty::Binder<'tcx, (Ty<'tcx>, Ty<'tcx>)>>, NoSolution> {
     match *self_ty.kind() {
-        ty::FnDef(def_id, substs) => Ok(Some(
-            tcx.fn_sig(def_id)
-                .subst(tcx, substs)
-                .map_bound(|sig| (tcx.mk_tup(sig.inputs()), sig.output())),
-        )),
-        ty::FnPtr(sig) => Ok(Some(sig.map_bound(|sig| (tcx.mk_tup(sig.inputs()), sig.output())))),
+        // keep this in sync with assemble_fn_pointer_candidates until the old solver is removed.
+        ty::FnDef(def_id, substs) => {
+            let sig = tcx.fn_sig(def_id);
+            if sig.skip_binder().is_fn_trait_compatible()
+                && tcx.codegen_fn_attrs(def_id).target_features.is_empty()
+            {
+                Ok(Some(
+                    sig.subst(tcx, substs)
+                        .map_bound(|sig| (tcx.mk_tup(sig.inputs()), sig.output())),
+                ))
+            } else {
+                Err(NoSolution)
+            }
+        }
+        // keep this in sync with assemble_fn_pointer_candidates until the old solver is removed.
+        ty::FnPtr(sig) => {
+            if sig.is_fn_trait_compatible() {
+                Ok(Some(sig.map_bound(|sig| (tcx.mk_tup(sig.inputs()), sig.output()))))
+            } else {
+                Err(NoSolution)
+            }
+        }
         ty::Closure(_, substs) => {
             let closure_substs = substs.as_closure();
             match closure_substs.kind_ty().to_opt_closure_kind() {
@@ -333,7 +349,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeFolder<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for ReplaceProjectionWith<'_, 'tcx> {
             // FIXME: Technically this folder could be fallible?
             let nested = self
                 .ecx
-                .eq(self.param_env, alias_ty, proj.projection_ty)
+                .eq_and_get_goals(self.param_env, alias_ty, proj.projection_ty)
                 .expect("expected to be able to unify goal projection with dyn's projection");
             // FIXME: Technically we could register these too..
             assert!(nested.is_empty(), "did not expect unification to have any nested goals");
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/object_safety.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/object_safety.rs
index a5def4151bf..038f8964471 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/object_safety.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/object_safety.rs
@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@ use rustc_errors::{DelayDm, FatalError, MultiSpan};
 use rustc_hir as hir;
 use rustc_hir::def_id::DefId;
 use rustc_middle::ty::subst::{GenericArg, InternalSubsts};
-use rustc_middle::ty::ToPredicate;
 use rustc_middle::ty::{
     self, EarlyBinder, Ty, TyCtxt, TypeSuperVisitable, TypeVisitable, TypeVisitor,
 };
+use rustc_middle::ty::{ToPredicate, TypeVisitableExt};
 use rustc_session::lint::builtin::WHERE_CLAUSES_OBJECT_SAFETY;
 use rustc_span::symbol::Symbol;
 use rustc_span::Span;
@@ -139,6 +139,10 @@ fn object_safety_violations_for_trait(
     if !spans.is_empty() {
         violations.push(ObjectSafetyViolation::SupertraitSelf(spans));
     }
+    let spans = super_predicates_have_non_lifetime_binders(tcx, trait_def_id);
+    if !spans.is_empty() {
+        violations.push(ObjectSafetyViolation::SupertraitNonLifetimeBinder(spans));
+    }
 
     violations.extend(
         tcx.associated_items(trait_def_id)
@@ -348,6 +352,21 @@ fn predicate_references_self<'tcx>(
     }
 }
 
+fn super_predicates_have_non_lifetime_binders(
+    tcx: TyCtxt<'_>,
+    trait_def_id: DefId,
+) -> SmallVec<[Span; 1]> {
+    // If non_lifetime_binders is disabled, then exit early
+    if !tcx.features().non_lifetime_binders {
+        return SmallVec::new();
+    }
+    tcx.super_predicates_of(trait_def_id)
+        .predicates
+        .iter()
+        .filter_map(|(pred, span)| pred.has_non_region_late_bound().then_some(*span))
+        .collect()
+}
+
 fn trait_has_sized_self(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, trait_def_id: DefId) -> bool {
     generics_require_sized_self(tcx, trait_def_id)
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/candidate_assembly.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/candidate_assembly.rs
index 3182af989f0..e06eff34df2 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/candidate_assembly.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/candidate_assembly.rs
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ use rustc_infer::traits::ObligationCause;
 use rustc_infer::traits::{Obligation, SelectionError, TraitObligation};
 use rustc_middle::ty::fast_reject::TreatProjections;
 use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Ty, TypeVisitableExt};
-use rustc_target::spec::abi::Abi;
 
 use crate::traits;
 use crate::traits::query::evaluate_obligation::InferCtxtExt;
@@ -291,6 +290,9 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx> {
             return;
         }
 
+        // Keep this funtion in sync with extract_tupled_inputs_and_output_from_callable
+        // until the old solver (and thus this function) is removed.
+
         // Okay to skip binder because what we are inspecting doesn't involve bound regions.
         let self_ty = obligation.self_ty().skip_binder();
         match *self_ty.kind() {
@@ -299,31 +301,19 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx> {
                 candidates.ambiguous = true; // Could wind up being a fn() type.
             }
             // Provide an impl, but only for suitable `fn` pointers.
-            ty::FnPtr(_) => {
-                if let ty::FnSig {
-                    unsafety: hir::Unsafety::Normal,
-                    abi: Abi::Rust,
-                    c_variadic: false,
-                    ..
-                } = self_ty.fn_sig(self.tcx()).skip_binder()
-                {
+            ty::FnPtr(sig) => {
+                if sig.is_fn_trait_compatible() {
                     candidates.vec.push(FnPointerCandidate { is_const: false });
                 }
             }
             // Provide an impl for suitable functions, rejecting `#[target_feature]` functions (RFC 2396).
             ty::FnDef(def_id, _) => {
-                if let ty::FnSig {
-                    unsafety: hir::Unsafety::Normal,
-                    abi: Abi::Rust,
-                    c_variadic: false,
-                    ..
-                } = self_ty.fn_sig(self.tcx()).skip_binder()
+                if self.tcx().fn_sig(def_id).skip_binder().is_fn_trait_compatible()
+                    && self.tcx().codegen_fn_attrs(def_id).target_features.is_empty()
                 {
-                    if self.tcx().codegen_fn_attrs(def_id).target_features.is_empty() {
-                        candidates
-                            .vec
-                            .push(FnPointerCandidate { is_const: self.tcx().is_const_fn(def_id) });
-                    }
+                    candidates
+                        .vec
+                        .push(FnPointerCandidate { is_const: self.tcx().is_const_fn(def_id) });
                 }
             }
             _ => {}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/specialize/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/specialize/mod.rs
index 8e229dd8d6b..8546bbe52dc 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/specialize/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/specialize/mod.rs
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use crate::traits::{
 use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxIndexSet;
 use rustc_errors::{error_code, DelayDm, Diagnostic};
 use rustc_hir::def_id::{DefId, LocalDefId};
-use rustc_middle::ty::{self, ImplSubject, Ty, TyCtxt};
+use rustc_middle::ty::{self, ImplSubject, Ty, TyCtxt, TypeVisitableExt};
 use rustc_middle::ty::{InternalSubsts, SubstsRef};
 use rustc_session::lint::builtin::COHERENCE_LEAK_CHECK;
 use rustc_session::lint::builtin::ORDER_DEPENDENT_TRAIT_OBJECTS;
@@ -350,6 +350,10 @@ fn report_conflicting_impls<'tcx>(
         impl_span: Span,
         err: &mut Diagnostic,
     ) {
+        if (overlap.trait_ref, overlap.self_ty).references_error() {
+            err.downgrade_to_delayed_bug();
+        }
+
         match tcx.span_of_impl(overlap.with_impl) {
             Ok(span) => {
                 err.span_label(span, "first implementation here");
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/ty.rs b/compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/ty.rs
index 9fed1e57c92..f53952d25fa 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/ty.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_ty_utils/src/ty.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,10 @@ use rustc_middle::ty::{
     TyCtxt, TypeSuperVisitable, TypeVisitable, TypeVisitor,
 };
 use rustc_session::config::TraitSolver;
-use rustc_span::def_id::{DefId, CRATE_DEF_ID};
+use rustc_span::{
+    def_id::{DefId, CRATE_DEF_ID},
+    DUMMY_SP,
+};
 use rustc_trait_selection::traits;
 
 fn sized_constraint_for_ty<'tcx>(
@@ -275,16 +278,22 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeVisitor<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for ImplTraitInTraitFinder<'_, 'tcx> {
     }
 
     fn visit_ty(&mut self, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> std::ops::ControlFlow<Self::BreakTy> {
-        if let ty::Alias(ty::Projection, alias_ty) = *ty.kind()
-            && self.tcx.is_impl_trait_in_trait(alias_ty.def_id)
-            && self.tcx.impl_trait_in_trait_parent_fn(alias_ty.def_id) == self.fn_def_id
-            && self.seen.insert(alias_ty.def_id)
+        if let ty::Alias(ty::Projection, unshifted_alias_ty) = *ty.kind()
+            && self.tcx.is_impl_trait_in_trait(unshifted_alias_ty.def_id)
+            && self.tcx.impl_trait_in_trait_parent_fn(unshifted_alias_ty.def_id) == self.fn_def_id
+            && self.seen.insert(unshifted_alias_ty.def_id)
         {
             // We have entered some binders as we've walked into the
             // bounds of the RPITIT. Shift these binders back out when
             // constructing the top-level projection predicate.
-            let alias_ty = self.tcx.fold_regions(alias_ty, |re, _| {
+            let shifted_alias_ty = self.tcx.fold_regions(unshifted_alias_ty, |re, depth| {
                 if let ty::ReLateBound(index, bv) = re.kind() {
+                    if depth != ty::INNERMOST {
+                        return self.tcx.mk_re_error_with_message(
+                            DUMMY_SP,
+                            "we shouldn't walk non-predicate binders with `impl Trait`...",
+                        );
+                    }
                     self.tcx.mk_re_late_bound(index.shifted_out_to_binder(self.depth), bv)
                 } else {
                     re
@@ -295,26 +304,27 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeVisitor<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for ImplTraitInTraitFinder<'_, 'tcx> {
             // the `type_of` of the trait's associated item. If we're using the old lowering
             // strategy, then just reinterpret the associated type like an opaque :^)
             let default_ty = if self.tcx.lower_impl_trait_in_trait_to_assoc_ty() {
-                self
-                    .tcx
-                    .type_of(alias_ty.def_id)
-                    .subst(self.tcx, alias_ty.substs)
+                self.tcx.type_of(shifted_alias_ty.def_id).subst(self.tcx, shifted_alias_ty.substs)
             } else {
-                self.tcx.mk_alias(ty::Opaque, alias_ty)
+                self.tcx.mk_alias(ty::Opaque, shifted_alias_ty)
             };
 
             self.predicates.push(
                 ty::Binder::bind_with_vars(
-                    ty::ProjectionPredicate {
-                        projection_ty: alias_ty,
-                        term: default_ty.into(),
-                    },
+                    ty::ProjectionPredicate { projection_ty: shifted_alias_ty, term: default_ty.into() },
                     self.bound_vars,
                 )
                 .to_predicate(self.tcx),
             );
 
-            for bound in self.tcx.item_bounds(alias_ty.def_id).subst_iter(self.tcx, alias_ty.substs)
+            // We walk the *un-shifted* alias ty, because we're tracking the de bruijn
+            // binder depth, and if we were to walk `shifted_alias_ty` instead, we'd
+            // have to reset `self.depth` back to `ty::INNERMOST` or something. It's
+            // easier to just do this.
+            for bound in self
+                .tcx
+                .item_bounds(unshifted_alias_ty.def_id)
+                .subst_iter(self.tcx, unshifted_alias_ty.substs)
             {
                 bound.visit_with(self);
             }