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-rw-r--r--library/std/Cargo.toml5
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/ffi/os_str.rs12
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/fs/tests.rs116
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/lib.rs5
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/num/f128.rs10
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/num/f16.rs10
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/num/f32.rs44
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/num/f64.rs16
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/os/cygwin/mod.rs1
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/os/cygwin/net.rs17
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/os/mod.rs2
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/os/net/linux_ext/mod.rs4
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/os/net/mod.rs2
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/os/unix/fs.rs89
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/os/unix/net/addr.rs8
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/os/unix/net/ancillary.rs31
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/os/unix/net/datagram.rs52
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/os/unix/net/mod.rs6
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/os/unix/net/stream.rs26
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/os/unix/net/tests.rs27
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/os/windows/fs.rs43
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/panicking.rs4
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/path.rs25
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/process.rs1
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/args/mod.rs10
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/args/wasip1.rs (renamed from library/std/src/sys/args/wasi.rs)0
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/args/wasip2.rs6
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/fd/unix.rs65
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/fs/unix.rs70
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/fs/windows.rs4
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/mod.rs1
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/net/connection/socket/unix.rs12
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/pal/mod.rs6
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/pal/unix/mod.rs1
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip1/helpers.rs (renamed from library/std/src/sys/pal/wasi/helpers.rs)0
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip1/mod.rs (renamed from library/std/src/sys/pal/wasi/mod.rs)0
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip1/os.rs (renamed from library/std/src/sys/pal/wasi/os.rs)0
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip1/thread.rs (renamed from library/std/src/sys/pal/wasi/thread.rs)0
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip1/time.rs (renamed from library/std/src/sys/pal/wasi/time.rs)0
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip2/mod.rs6
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip2/thread.rs73
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip2/time.rs69
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/pal/windows/handle.rs13
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/pal/windows/mod.rs1
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/platform_version/darwin/core_foundation.rs180
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/platform_version/darwin/mod.rs351
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/platform_version/darwin/public_extern.rs151
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/platform_version/darwin/tests.rs379
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/platform_version/mod.rs13
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/random/mod.rs11
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/random/wasip1.rs (renamed from library/std/src/sys/random/wasi.rs)0
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/random/wasip2.rs9
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/stdio/mod.rs10
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/stdio/wasip1.rs (renamed from library/std/src/sys/stdio/wasi.rs)0
-rw-r--r--library/std/src/sys/stdio/wasip2.rs120
-rw-r--r--library/std/tests/floats/f32.rs14
-rw-r--r--library/std/tests/path.rs8
57 files changed, 1976 insertions, 163 deletions
diff --git a/library/std/Cargo.toml b/library/std/Cargo.toml
index eff2562f031..d28a7f0b460 100644
--- a/library/std/Cargo.toml
+++ b/library/std/Cargo.toml
@@ -80,6 +80,11 @@ wasi = { version = "0.11.0", features = [
     'rustc-dep-of-std',
 ], default-features = false }
 
+[target.'cfg(all(target_os = "wasi", target_env = "p2"))'.dependencies]
+wasip2 = { version = '0.14.4', features = [
+    'rustc-dep-of-std',
+], default-features = false, package = 'wasi' }
+
 [target.'cfg(target_os = "uefi")'.dependencies]
 r-efi = { version = "5.2.0", features = ['rustc-dep-of-std'] }
 r-efi-alloc = { version = "2.0.0", features = ['rustc-dep-of-std'] }
diff --git a/library/std/src/ffi/os_str.rs b/library/std/src/ffi/os_str.rs
index 1214490caad..a39565d2159 100644
--- a/library/std/src/ffi/os_str.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/ffi/os_str.rs
@@ -828,7 +828,8 @@ impl OsStr {
     /// ```
     #[inline]
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-    pub fn new<S: AsRef<OsStr> + ?Sized>(s: &S) -> &OsStr {
+    #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_convert", issue = "143773")]
+    pub const fn new<S: [const] AsRef<OsStr> + ?Sized>(s: &S) -> &OsStr {
         s.as_ref()
     }
 
@@ -876,14 +877,16 @@ impl OsStr {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_inner(inner: &Slice) -> &OsStr {
+    #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_convert", issue = "143773")]
+    const fn from_inner(inner: &Slice) -> &OsStr {
         // SAFETY: OsStr is just a wrapper of Slice,
         // therefore converting &Slice to &OsStr is safe.
         unsafe { &*(inner as *const Slice as *const OsStr) }
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    fn from_inner_mut(inner: &mut Slice) -> &mut OsStr {
+    #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_convert", issue = "143773")]
+    const fn from_inner_mut(inner: &mut Slice) -> &mut OsStr {
         // SAFETY: OsStr is just a wrapper of Slice,
         // therefore converting &mut Slice to &mut OsStr is safe.
         // Any method that mutates OsStr must be careful not to
@@ -1681,7 +1684,8 @@ impl ToOwned for OsStr {
 }
 
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-impl AsRef<OsStr> for OsStr {
+#[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_convert", issue = "143773")]
+impl const AsRef<OsStr> for OsStr {
     #[inline]
     fn as_ref(&self) -> &OsStr {
         self
diff --git a/library/std/src/fs/tests.rs b/library/std/src/fs/tests.rs
index 5e51d5e5211..f8dfb0d6334 100644
--- a/library/std/src/fs/tests.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/fs/tests.rs
@@ -226,6 +226,7 @@ fn file_test_io_seek_and_write() {
     target_os = "freebsd",
     target_os = "linux",
     target_os = "netbsd",
+    target_os = "solaris",
     target_vendor = "apple",
 ))]
 fn file_lock_multiple_shared() {
@@ -249,6 +250,7 @@ fn file_lock_multiple_shared() {
     target_os = "freebsd",
     target_os = "linux",
     target_os = "netbsd",
+    target_os = "solaris",
     target_vendor = "apple",
 ))]
 fn file_lock_blocking() {
@@ -273,6 +275,7 @@ fn file_lock_blocking() {
     target_os = "freebsd",
     target_os = "linux",
     target_os = "netbsd",
+    target_os = "solaris",
     target_vendor = "apple",
 ))]
 fn file_lock_drop() {
@@ -294,6 +297,7 @@ fn file_lock_drop() {
     target_os = "freebsd",
     target_os = "linux",
     target_os = "netbsd",
+    target_os = "solaris",
     target_vendor = "apple",
 ))]
 fn file_lock_dup() {
@@ -492,6 +496,85 @@ fn file_test_io_read_write_at() {
 
 #[test]
 #[cfg(unix)]
+fn test_read_buf_at() {
+    use crate::os::unix::fs::FileExt;
+
+    let tmpdir = tmpdir();
+    let filename = tmpdir.join("file_rt_io_file_test_read_buf_at.txt");
+    {
+        let oo = OpenOptions::new().create_new(true).write(true).read(true).clone();
+        let mut file = check!(oo.open(&filename));
+        check!(file.write_all(b"0123456789"));
+    }
+    {
+        let mut file = check!(File::open(&filename));
+        let mut buf: [MaybeUninit<u8>; 5] = [MaybeUninit::uninit(); 5];
+        let mut buf = BorrowedBuf::from(buf.as_mut_slice());
+
+        // Fill entire buffer with potentially short reads
+        while buf.unfilled().capacity() > 0 {
+            let len = buf.len();
+            check!(file.read_buf_at(buf.unfilled(), 2 + len as u64));
+            assert!(!buf.filled().is_empty());
+            assert!(b"23456".starts_with(buf.filled()));
+            assert_eq!(check!(file.stream_position()), 0);
+        }
+        assert_eq!(buf.filled(), b"23456");
+
+        // Already full
+        check!(file.read_buf_at(buf.unfilled(), 3));
+        check!(file.read_buf_at(buf.unfilled(), 10));
+        assert_eq!(buf.filled(), b"23456");
+        assert_eq!(check!(file.stream_position()), 0);
+
+        // Read past eof is noop
+        check!(file.read_buf_at(buf.clear().unfilled(), 10));
+        assert_eq!(buf.filled(), b"");
+        check!(file.read_buf_at(buf.clear().unfilled(), 11));
+        assert_eq!(buf.filled(), b"");
+        assert_eq!(check!(file.stream_position()), 0);
+    }
+    check!(fs::remove_file(&filename));
+}
+
+#[test]
+#[cfg(unix)]
+fn test_read_buf_exact_at() {
+    use crate::os::unix::fs::FileExt;
+
+    let tmpdir = tmpdir();
+    let filename = tmpdir.join("file_rt_io_file_test_read_buf_exact_at.txt");
+    {
+        let oo = OpenOptions::new().create_new(true).write(true).read(true).clone();
+        let mut file = check!(oo.open(&filename));
+        check!(file.write_all(b"0123456789"));
+    }
+    {
+        let mut file = check!(File::open(&filename));
+        let mut buf: [MaybeUninit<u8>; 5] = [MaybeUninit::uninit(); 5];
+        let mut buf = BorrowedBuf::from(buf.as_mut_slice());
+
+        // Exact read
+        check!(file.read_buf_exact_at(buf.unfilled(), 2));
+        assert_eq!(buf.filled(), b"23456");
+        assert_eq!(check!(file.stream_position()), 0);
+
+        // Already full
+        check!(file.read_buf_exact_at(buf.unfilled(), 3));
+        check!(file.read_buf_exact_at(buf.unfilled(), 10));
+        assert_eq!(buf.filled(), b"23456");
+        assert_eq!(check!(file.stream_position()), 0);
+
+        // Non-empty exact read past eof fails
+        let err = file.read_buf_exact_at(buf.clear().unfilled(), 6).unwrap_err();
+        assert_eq!(err.kind(), ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof);
+        assert_eq!(check!(file.stream_position()), 0);
+    }
+    check!(fs::remove_file(&filename));
+}
+
+#[test]
+#[cfg(unix)]
 fn set_get_unix_permissions() {
     use crate::os::unix::fs::PermissionsExt;
 
@@ -567,6 +650,39 @@ fn file_test_io_seek_read_write() {
 }
 
 #[test]
+#[cfg(windows)]
+fn test_seek_read_buf() {
+    use crate::os::windows::fs::FileExt;
+
+    let tmpdir = tmpdir();
+    let filename = tmpdir.join("file_rt_io_file_test_seek_read_buf.txt");
+    {
+        let oo = OpenOptions::new().create_new(true).write(true).read(true).clone();
+        let mut file = check!(oo.open(&filename));
+        check!(file.write_all(b"0123456789"));
+    }
+    {
+        let mut file = check!(File::open(&filename));
+        let mut buf: [MaybeUninit<u8>; 1] = [MaybeUninit::uninit()];
+        let mut buf = BorrowedBuf::from(buf.as_mut_slice());
+
+        // Seek read
+        check!(file.seek_read_buf(buf.unfilled(), 8));
+        assert_eq!(buf.filled(), b"8");
+        assert_eq!(check!(file.stream_position()), 9);
+
+        // Empty seek read
+        check!(file.seek_read_buf(buf.unfilled(), 0));
+        assert_eq!(buf.filled(), b"8");
+
+        // Seek read past eof
+        check!(file.seek_read_buf(buf.clear().unfilled(), 10));
+        assert_eq!(buf.filled(), b"");
+    }
+    check!(fs::remove_file(&filename));
+}
+
+#[test]
 fn file_test_read_buf() {
     let tmpdir = tmpdir();
     let filename = &tmpdir.join("test");
diff --git a/library/std/src/lib.rs b/library/std/src/lib.rs
index 3771699c59f..97db0d6ab75 100644
--- a/library/std/src/lib.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/lib.rs
@@ -290,11 +290,11 @@
 #![feature(doc_masked)]
 #![feature(doc_notable_trait)]
 #![feature(dropck_eyepatch)]
-#![feature(extended_varargs_abi_support)]
 #![feature(f16)]
 #![feature(f128)]
 #![feature(ffi_const)]
 #![feature(formatting_options)]
+#![feature(funnel_shifts)]
 #![feature(hash_map_internals)]
 #![feature(hash_map_macro)]
 #![feature(if_let_guard)]
@@ -333,6 +333,7 @@
 #![feature(char_internals)]
 #![feature(clone_to_uninit)]
 #![feature(const_cmp)]
+#![feature(const_convert)]
 #![feature(const_ops)]
 #![feature(const_option_ops)]
 #![feature(const_try)]
@@ -353,6 +354,7 @@
 #![feature(hasher_prefixfree_extras)]
 #![feature(hashmap_internals)]
 #![feature(hint_must_use)]
+#![feature(int_from_ascii)]
 #![feature(ip)]
 #![feature(lazy_get)]
 #![feature(maybe_uninit_slice)]
@@ -368,6 +370,7 @@
 #![feature(slice_internals)]
 #![feature(slice_ptr_get)]
 #![feature(slice_range)]
+#![feature(slice_split_once)]
 #![feature(std_internals)]
 #![feature(str_internals)]
 #![feature(sync_unsafe_cell)]
diff --git a/library/std/src/num/f128.rs b/library/std/src/num/f128.rs
index 64e604e35f7..b83692390b6 100644
--- a/library/std/src/num/f128.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/num/f128.rs
@@ -467,10 +467,10 @@ impl f128 {
     /// # #[cfg(not(miri))]
     /// # #[cfg(target_has_reliable_f128_math)] {
     ///
-    /// let f = std::f128::consts::FRAC_PI_2;
+    /// let f = std::f128::consts::FRAC_PI_4;
     ///
     /// // asin(sin(pi/2))
-    /// let abs_difference = (f.sin().asin() - std::f128::consts::FRAC_PI_2).abs();
+    /// let abs_difference = (f.sin().asin() - f).abs();
     ///
     /// assert!(abs_difference <= f128::EPSILON);
     /// # }
@@ -912,10 +912,10 @@ impl f128 {
     /// # #[cfg(not(miri))]
     /// # #[cfg(target_has_reliable_f128_math)] {
     ///
-    /// let e = std::f128::consts::E;
-    /// let f = e.tanh().atanh();
+    /// let x = std::f128::consts::FRAC_PI_6;
+    /// let f = x.tanh().atanh();
     ///
-    /// let abs_difference = (f - e).abs();
+    /// let abs_difference = (f - x).abs();
     ///
     /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-5);
     /// # }
diff --git a/library/std/src/num/f16.rs b/library/std/src/num/f16.rs
index 7bdefb05858..5599528717c 100644
--- a/library/std/src/num/f16.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/num/f16.rs
@@ -432,10 +432,10 @@ impl f16 {
     /// # #[cfg(not(miri))]
     /// # #[cfg(target_has_reliable_f16_math)] {
     ///
-    /// let f = std::f16::consts::FRAC_PI_2;
+    /// let f = std::f16::consts::FRAC_PI_4;
     ///
     /// // asin(sin(pi/2))
-    /// let abs_difference = (f.sin().asin() - std::f16::consts::FRAC_PI_2).abs();
+    /// let abs_difference = (f.sin().asin() - f).abs();
     ///
     /// assert!(abs_difference <= f16::EPSILON);
     /// # }
@@ -877,10 +877,10 @@ impl f16 {
     /// # #[cfg(not(miri))]
     /// # #[cfg(target_has_reliable_f16_math)] {
     ///
-    /// let e = std::f16::consts::E;
-    /// let f = e.tanh().atanh();
+    /// let x = std::f16::consts::FRAC_PI_6;
+    /// let f = x.tanh().atanh();
     ///
-    /// let abs_difference = (f - e).abs();
+    /// let abs_difference = (f - x).abs();
     ///
     /// assert!(abs_difference <= 0.01);
     /// # }
diff --git a/library/std/src/num/f32.rs b/library/std/src/num/f32.rs
index 5dee68ad909..0247080a8d6 100644
--- a/library/std/src/num/f32.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/num/f32.rs
@@ -582,8 +582,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// let abs_difference_x = (x.abs_sub(1.0) - 2.0).abs();
     /// let abs_difference_y = (y.abs_sub(1.0) - 0.0).abs();
     ///
-    /// assert!(abs_difference_x <= f32::EPSILON);
-    /// assert!(abs_difference_y <= f32::EPSILON);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference_x <= 1e-6);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference_y <= 1e-6);
     /// ```
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
     #[must_use = "method returns a new number and does not mutate the original value"]
@@ -621,7 +621,7 @@ impl f32 {
     /// // x^(1/3) - 2 == 0
     /// let abs_difference = (x.cbrt() - 2.0).abs();
     ///
-    /// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-6);
     /// ```
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
     #[must_use = "method returns a new number and does not mutate the original value"]
@@ -652,7 +652,7 @@ impl f32 {
     /// // sqrt(x^2 + y^2)
     /// let abs_difference = (x.hypot(y) - (x.powi(2) + y.powi(2)).sqrt()).abs();
     ///
-    /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-6);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-5);
     /// ```
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
     #[must_use = "method returns a new number and does not mutate the original value"]
@@ -725,7 +725,7 @@ impl f32 {
     /// let x = std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_4;
     /// let abs_difference = (x.tan() - 1.0).abs();
     ///
-    /// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-6);
     /// ```
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
     #[must_use = "method returns a new number and does not mutate the original value"]
@@ -749,12 +749,12 @@ impl f32 {
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
-    /// let f = std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2;
+    /// let f = std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_4;
     ///
     /// // asin(sin(pi/2))
-    /// let abs_difference = (f.sin().asin() - std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_2).abs();
+    /// let abs_difference = (f.sin().asin() - f).abs();
     ///
-    /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-3);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-6);
     /// ```
     #[doc(alias = "arcsin")]
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
@@ -813,7 +813,7 @@ impl f32 {
     /// // atan(tan(1))
     /// let abs_difference = (f.tan().atan() - 1.0).abs();
     ///
-    /// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-6);
     /// ```
     #[doc(alias = "arctan")]
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
@@ -854,8 +854,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// let abs_difference_1 = (y1.atan2(x1) - (-std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_4)).abs();
     /// let abs_difference_2 = (y2.atan2(x2) - (3.0 * std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_4)).abs();
     ///
-    /// assert!(abs_difference_1 <= f32::EPSILON);
-    /// assert!(abs_difference_2 <= f32::EPSILON);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference_1 <= 1e-5);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference_2 <= 1e-5);
     /// ```
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
     #[must_use = "method returns a new number and does not mutate the original value"]
@@ -884,8 +884,8 @@ impl f32 {
     /// let abs_difference_0 = (f.0 - x.sin()).abs();
     /// let abs_difference_1 = (f.1 - x.cos()).abs();
     ///
-    /// assert!(abs_difference_0 <= 1e-6);
-    /// assert!(abs_difference_1 <= 1e-6);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference_0 <= 1e-4);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference_1 <= 1e-4);
     /// ```
     #[doc(alias = "sincos")]
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
@@ -982,7 +982,7 @@ impl f32 {
     /// let g = ((e * e) - 1.0) / (2.0 * e);
     /// let abs_difference = (f - g).abs();
     ///
-    /// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-6);
     /// ```
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
     #[must_use = "method returns a new number and does not mutate the original value"]
@@ -1012,7 +1012,7 @@ impl f32 {
     /// let abs_difference = (f - g).abs();
     ///
     /// // Same result
-    /// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-6);
     /// ```
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
     #[must_use = "method returns a new number and does not mutate the original value"]
@@ -1042,7 +1042,7 @@ impl f32 {
     /// let g = (1.0 - e.powi(-2)) / (1.0 + e.powi(-2));
     /// let abs_difference = (f - g).abs();
     ///
-    /// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-6);
     /// ```
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
     #[must_use = "method returns a new number and does not mutate the original value"]
@@ -1067,7 +1067,7 @@ impl f32 {
     ///
     /// let abs_difference = (f - x).abs();
     ///
-    /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-7);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-6);
     /// ```
     #[doc(alias = "arcsinh")]
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
@@ -1120,10 +1120,10 @@ impl f32 {
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
-    /// let e = std::f32::consts::E;
-    /// let f = e.tanh().atanh();
+    /// let x = std::f32::consts::FRAC_PI_6;
+    /// let f = x.tanh().atanh();
     ///
-    /// let abs_difference = (f - e).abs();
+    /// let abs_difference = (f - x).abs();
     ///
     /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-5);
     /// ```
@@ -1153,7 +1153,7 @@ impl f32 {
     ///
     /// let abs_difference = (x.gamma() - 24.0).abs();
     ///
-    /// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-5);
     /// ```
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
     #[must_use = "method returns a new number and does not mutate the original value"]
@@ -1248,7 +1248,7 @@ impl f32 {
     /// let one = x.erf() + x.erfc();
     /// let abs_difference = (one - 1.0).abs();
     ///
-    /// assert!(abs_difference <= f32::EPSILON);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-6);
     /// ```
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
     #[must_use = "method returns a new number and does not mutate the original value"]
diff --git a/library/std/src/num/f64.rs b/library/std/src/num/f64.rs
index 3ec80f68bdb..1cfd3909d96 100644
--- a/library/std/src/num/f64.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/num/f64.rs
@@ -749,12 +749,12 @@ impl f64 {
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
-    /// let f = std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_2;
+    /// let f = std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_4;
     ///
     /// // asin(sin(pi/2))
-    /// let abs_difference = (f.sin().asin() - std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_2).abs();
+    /// let abs_difference = (f.sin().asin() - f).abs();
     ///
-    /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-7);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference < 1e-14);
     /// ```
     #[doc(alias = "arcsin")]
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
@@ -1120,10 +1120,10 @@ impl f64 {
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
-    /// let e = std::f64::consts::E;
-    /// let f = e.tanh().atanh();
+    /// let x = std::f64::consts::FRAC_PI_6;
+    /// let f = x.tanh().atanh();
     ///
-    /// let abs_difference = (f - e).abs();
+    /// let abs_difference = (f - x).abs();
     ///
     /// assert!(abs_difference < 1.0e-10);
     /// ```
@@ -1153,7 +1153,7 @@ impl f64 {
     ///
     /// let abs_difference = (x.gamma() - 24.0).abs();
     ///
-    /// assert!(abs_difference <= f64::EPSILON);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-10);
     /// ```
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
     #[must_use = "method returns a new number and does not mutate the original value"]
@@ -1248,7 +1248,7 @@ impl f64 {
     /// let one = x.erf() + x.erfc();
     /// let abs_difference = (one - 1.0).abs();
     ///
-    /// assert!(abs_difference <= f64::EPSILON);
+    /// assert!(abs_difference <= 1e-10);
     /// ```
     #[rustc_allow_incoherent_impl]
     #[must_use = "method returns a new number and does not mutate the original value"]
diff --git a/library/std/src/os/cygwin/mod.rs b/library/std/src/os/cygwin/mod.rs
index 7f6d6a645c8..a295a07caac 100644
--- a/library/std/src/os/cygwin/mod.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/os/cygwin/mod.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 //! Cygwin-specific definitions
 #![stable(feature = "raw_ext", since = "1.1.0")]
 pub mod fs;
+pub mod net;
 pub(crate) mod raw;
diff --git a/library/std/src/os/cygwin/net.rs b/library/std/src/os/cygwin/net.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0cccddb85d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/std/src/os/cygwin/net.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+//! Cygwin-specific networking functionality.
+//!
+//! There are some limitations of Unix domain sockets on Cygwin:
+//! * The syscalls `accept` and `connect` need
+//! [handshake](https://inbox.sourceware.org/cygwin/Z_UERXFI1g-1v3p2@calimero.vinschen.de/T/#t).
+//! * Cannot bind to abstract addr.
+//! * Unbounded unix socket has an abstract local addr.
+//! * Doesn't support recvmsg with control data.
+
+#![stable(feature = "unix_socket_abstract", since = "1.70.0")]
+
+#[stable(feature = "unix_socket_abstract", since = "1.70.0")]
+pub use crate::os::net::linux_ext::addr::SocketAddrExt;
+#[unstable(feature = "unix_socket_ancillary_data", issue = "76915")]
+pub use crate::os::net::linux_ext::socket::UnixSocketExt;
+#[stable(feature = "tcp_quickack", since = "1.89.0")]
+pub use crate::os::net::linux_ext::tcp::TcpStreamExt;
diff --git a/library/std/src/os/mod.rs b/library/std/src/os/mod.rs
index ab7734a7952..96d9bfae8ca 100644
--- a/library/std/src/os/mod.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/os/mod.rs
@@ -185,5 +185,5 @@ pub mod xous;
 #[cfg(any(unix, target_os = "hermit", target_os = "trusty", target_os = "wasi", doc))]
 pub mod fd;
 
-#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "android", doc))]
+#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "android", target_os = "cygwin", doc))]
 mod net;
diff --git a/library/std/src/os/net/linux_ext/mod.rs b/library/std/src/os/net/linux_ext/mod.rs
index 3c9afe35479..f3f3fdd258c 100644
--- a/library/std/src/os/net/linux_ext/mod.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/os/net/linux_ext/mod.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-//! Linux and Android-specific networking functionality.
+//! Linux, Android and Cygwin-specific networking functionality.
 
-#![doc(cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "android")))]
+#![doc(cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "android", target_os = "cygwin")))]
 
 #[stable(feature = "unix_socket_abstract", since = "1.70.0")]
 pub(crate) mod addr;
diff --git a/library/std/src/os/net/mod.rs b/library/std/src/os/net/mod.rs
index b7046dd7c59..47e69b3a260 100644
--- a/library/std/src/os/net/mod.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/os/net/mod.rs
@@ -9,5 +9,5 @@
         all(target_vendor = "fortanix", target_env = "sgx")
     )
 )))]
-#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "android", doc))]
+#[cfg(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "android", target_os = "cygwin", doc))]
 pub(super) mod linux_ext;
diff --git a/library/std/src/os/unix/fs.rs b/library/std/src/os/unix/fs.rs
index b776df3dde1..1d1a138b302 100644
--- a/library/std/src/os/unix/fs.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/os/unix/fs.rs
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ use super::platform::fs::MetadataExt as _;
 // Used for `File::read` on intra-doc links
 use crate::ffi::OsStr;
 use crate::fs::{self, OpenOptions, Permissions};
+use crate::io::BorrowedCursor;
 use crate::os::unix::io::{AsFd, AsRawFd};
 use crate::path::Path;
 use crate::sealed::Sealed;
@@ -130,6 +131,91 @@ pub trait FileExt {
         if !buf.is_empty() { Err(io::Error::READ_EXACT_EOF) } else { Ok(()) }
     }
 
+    /// Reads some bytes starting from a given offset into the buffer.
+    ///
+    /// This equivalent to the [`read_at`](FileExt::read_at) method, except that it is passed a
+    /// [`BorrowedCursor`] rather than `&mut [u8]` to allow use with uninitialized buffers. The new
+    /// data will be appended to any existing contents of `buf`.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// #![feature(core_io_borrowed_buf)]
+    /// #![feature(read_buf_at)]
+    ///
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::io::BorrowedBuf;
+    /// use std::fs::File;
+    /// use std::mem::MaybeUninit;
+    /// use std::os::unix::prelude::*;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let mut file = File::open("pi.txt")?;
+    ///
+    ///     // Read some bytes starting from offset 2
+    ///     let mut buf: [MaybeUninit<u8>; 10] = [MaybeUninit::uninit(); 10];
+    ///     let mut buf = BorrowedBuf::from(buf.as_mut_slice());
+    ///     file.read_buf_at(buf.unfilled(), 2)?;
+    ///
+    ///     assert!(buf.filled().starts_with(b"1"));
+    ///
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[unstable(feature = "read_buf_at", issue = "140771")]
+    fn read_buf_at(&self, buf: BorrowedCursor<'_>, offset: u64) -> io::Result<()> {
+        io::default_read_buf(|b| self.read_at(b, offset), buf)
+    }
+
+    /// Reads the exact number of bytes required to fill the buffer from a given offset.
+    ///
+    /// This is equivalent to the [`read_exact_at`](FileExt::read_exact_at) method, except that it
+    /// is passed a [`BorrowedCursor`] rather than `&mut [u8]` to allow use with uninitialized
+    /// buffers. The new data will be appended to any existing contents of `buf`.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// #![feature(core_io_borrowed_buf)]
+    /// #![feature(read_buf_at)]
+    ///
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::io::BorrowedBuf;
+    /// use std::fs::File;
+    /// use std::mem::MaybeUninit;
+    /// use std::os::unix::prelude::*;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let mut file = File::open("pi.txt")?;
+    ///
+    ///     // Read exactly 10 bytes starting from offset 2
+    ///     let mut buf: [MaybeUninit<u8>; 10] = [MaybeUninit::uninit(); 10];
+    ///     let mut buf = BorrowedBuf::from(buf.as_mut_slice());
+    ///     file.read_buf_exact_at(buf.unfilled(), 2)?;
+    ///
+    ///     assert_eq!(buf.filled(), b"1415926535");
+    ///
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[unstable(feature = "read_buf_at", issue = "140771")]
+    fn read_buf_exact_at(&self, mut buf: BorrowedCursor<'_>, mut offset: u64) -> io::Result<()> {
+        while buf.capacity() > 0 {
+            let prev_written = buf.written();
+            match self.read_buf_at(buf.reborrow(), offset) {
+                Ok(()) => {}
+                Err(e) if e.is_interrupted() => {}
+                Err(e) => return Err(e),
+            }
+            let n = buf.written() - prev_written;
+            offset += n as u64;
+            if n == 0 {
+                return Err(io::Error::READ_EXACT_EOF);
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     /// Writes a number of bytes starting from a given offset.
     ///
     /// Returns the number of bytes written.
@@ -264,6 +350,9 @@ impl FileExt for fs::File {
     fn read_at(&self, buf: &mut [u8], offset: u64) -> io::Result<usize> {
         self.as_inner().read_at(buf, offset)
     }
+    fn read_buf_at(&self, buf: BorrowedCursor<'_>, offset: u64) -> io::Result<()> {
+        self.as_inner().read_buf_at(buf, offset)
+    }
     fn read_vectored_at(&self, bufs: &mut [io::IoSliceMut<'_>], offset: u64) -> io::Result<usize> {
         self.as_inner().read_vectored_at(bufs, offset)
     }
diff --git a/library/std/src/os/unix/net/addr.rs b/library/std/src/os/unix/net/addr.rs
index fd6fe72dd24..25b95014e08 100644
--- a/library/std/src/os/unix/net/addr.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/os/unix/net/addr.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use crate::bstr::ByteStr;
 use crate::ffi::OsStr;
-#[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+#[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 use crate::os::net::linux_ext;
 use crate::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;
 use crate::path::Path;
@@ -241,7 +241,7 @@ impl SocketAddr {
 
         // macOS seems to return a len of 16 and a zeroed sun_path for unnamed addresses
         if len == 0
-            || (cfg!(not(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "android")))
+            || (cfg!(not(any(target_os = "linux", target_os = "android", target_os = "cygwin")))
                 && self.addr.sun_path[0] == 0)
         {
             AddressKind::Unnamed
@@ -256,8 +256,8 @@ impl SocketAddr {
 #[stable(feature = "unix_socket_abstract", since = "1.70.0")]
 impl Sealed for SocketAddr {}
 
-#[doc(cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux")))]
-#[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+#[doc(cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin")))]
+#[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 #[stable(feature = "unix_socket_abstract", since = "1.70.0")]
 impl linux_ext::addr::SocketAddrExt for SocketAddr {
     fn as_abstract_name(&self) -> Option<&[u8]> {
diff --git a/library/std/src/os/unix/net/ancillary.rs b/library/std/src/os/unix/net/ancillary.rs
index 36967fc3f98..d0984bdfb99 100644
--- a/library/std/src/os/unix/net/ancillary.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/os/unix/net/ancillary.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@ use crate::sys::net::Socket;
     not(target_os = "linux"),
     not(target_os = "android"),
     not(target_os = "netbsd"),
-    not(target_os = "freebsd")
+    not(target_os = "freebsd"),
+    not(target_os = "cygwin"),
 ))]
 #[allow(non_camel_case_types)]
 mod libc {
@@ -195,14 +196,15 @@ impl<'a, T> Iterator for AncillaryDataIter<'a, T> {
     not(target_os = "android"),
     not(target_os = "linux"),
     not(target_os = "netbsd"),
-    not(target_os = "freebsd")
+    not(target_os = "freebsd"),
+    not(target_os = "cygwin"),
 ))]
 #[unstable(feature = "unix_socket_ancillary_data", issue = "76915")]
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct SocketCred(());
 
 /// Unix credential.
-#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux",))]
+#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 #[unstable(feature = "unix_socket_ancillary_data", issue = "76915")]
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct SocketCred(libc::ucred);
@@ -217,8 +219,8 @@ pub struct SocketCred(libc::sockcred);
 #[derive(Clone)]
 pub struct SocketCred(libc::sockcred2);
 
-#[doc(cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux")))]
-#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+#[doc(cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin")))]
+#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 impl SocketCred {
     /// Creates a Unix credential struct.
     ///
@@ -407,7 +409,8 @@ impl<'a> Iterator for ScmRights<'a> {
     not(target_os = "android"),
     not(target_os = "linux"),
     not(target_os = "netbsd"),
-    not(target_os = "freebsd")
+    not(target_os = "freebsd"),
+    not(target_os = "cygwin"),
 ))]
 #[unstable(feature = "unix_socket_ancillary_data", issue = "76915")]
 pub struct ScmCredentials<'a>(AncillaryDataIter<'a, ()>);
@@ -415,7 +418,7 @@ pub struct ScmCredentials<'a>(AncillaryDataIter<'a, ()>);
 /// This control message contains unix credentials.
 ///
 /// The level is equal to `SOL_SOCKET` and the type is equal to `SCM_CREDENTIALS` or `SCM_CREDS`.
-#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux",))]
+#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 #[unstable(feature = "unix_socket_ancillary_data", issue = "76915")]
 pub struct ScmCredentials<'a>(AncillaryDataIter<'a, libc::ucred>);
 
@@ -432,7 +435,8 @@ pub struct ScmCredentials<'a>(AncillaryDataIter<'a, libc::sockcred>);
     target_os = "android",
     target_os = "linux",
     target_os = "netbsd",
-    target_os = "freebsd"
+    target_os = "freebsd",
+    target_os = "cygwin",
 ))]
 #[unstable(feature = "unix_socket_ancillary_data", issue = "76915")]
 impl<'a> Iterator for ScmCredentials<'a> {
@@ -460,7 +464,8 @@ pub enum AncillaryData<'a> {
         target_os = "android",
         target_os = "linux",
         target_os = "netbsd",
-        target_os = "freebsd"
+        target_os = "freebsd",
+        target_os = "cygwin",
     ))]
     ScmCredentials(ScmCredentials<'a>),
 }
@@ -489,7 +494,8 @@ impl<'a> AncillaryData<'a> {
         target_os = "android",
         target_os = "linux",
         target_os = "netbsd",
-        target_os = "freebsd"
+        target_os = "freebsd",
+        target_os = "cygwin",
     ))]
     unsafe fn as_credentials(data: &'a [u8]) -> Self {
         let ancillary_data_iter = AncillaryDataIter::new(data);
@@ -507,7 +513,7 @@ impl<'a> AncillaryData<'a> {
             match (*cmsg).cmsg_level {
                 libc::SOL_SOCKET => match (*cmsg).cmsg_type {
                     libc::SCM_RIGHTS => Ok(AncillaryData::as_rights(data)),
-                    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux",))]
+                    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
                     libc::SCM_CREDENTIALS => Ok(AncillaryData::as_credentials(data)),
                     #[cfg(target_os = "freebsd")]
                     libc::SCM_CREDS2 => Ok(AncillaryData::as_credentials(data)),
@@ -729,7 +735,8 @@ impl<'a> SocketAncillary<'a> {
         target_os = "android",
         target_os = "linux",
         target_os = "netbsd",
-        target_os = "freebsd"
+        target_os = "freebsd",
+        target_os = "cygwin",
     ))]
     #[unstable(feature = "unix_socket_ancillary_data", issue = "76915")]
     pub fn add_creds(&mut self, creds: &[SocketCred]) -> bool {
diff --git a/library/std/src/os/unix/net/datagram.rs b/library/std/src/os/unix/net/datagram.rs
index 7735637c840..469bfbb0d83 100644
--- a/library/std/src/os/unix/net/datagram.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/os/unix/net/datagram.rs
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
 use libc::MSG_NOSIGNAL;
 
 use super::{SocketAddr, sockaddr_un};
-#[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+#[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 use super::{SocketAncillary, recv_vectored_with_ancillary_from, send_vectored_with_ancillary_to};
-#[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+#[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 use crate::io::{IoSlice, IoSliceMut};
 use crate::net::Shutdown;
 use crate::os::unix::io::{AsFd, AsRawFd, BorrowedFd, FromRawFd, IntoRawFd, OwnedFd, RawFd};
@@ -397,8 +397,14 @@ impl UnixDatagram {
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
-    #[cfg_attr(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"), doc = "```no_run")]
-    #[cfg_attr(not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux")), doc = "```ignore")]
+    #[cfg_attr(
+        any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"),
+        doc = "```no_run"
+    )]
+    #[cfg_attr(
+        not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin")),
+        doc = "```ignore"
+    )]
     /// #![feature(unix_socket_ancillary_data)]
     /// use std::os::unix::net::{UnixDatagram, SocketAncillary, AncillaryData};
     /// use std::io::IoSliceMut;
@@ -428,7 +434,7 @@ impl UnixDatagram {
     ///     Ok(())
     /// }
     /// ```
-    #[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+    #[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
     #[unstable(feature = "unix_socket_ancillary_data", issue = "76915")]
     pub fn recv_vectored_with_ancillary_from(
         &self,
@@ -447,8 +453,14 @@ impl UnixDatagram {
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
-    #[cfg_attr(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"), doc = "```no_run")]
-    #[cfg_attr(not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux")), doc = "```ignore")]
+    #[cfg_attr(
+        any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"),
+        doc = "```no_run"
+    )]
+    #[cfg_attr(
+        not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin")),
+        doc = "```ignore"
+    )]
     /// #![feature(unix_socket_ancillary_data)]
     /// use std::os::unix::net::{UnixDatagram, SocketAncillary, AncillaryData};
     /// use std::io::IoSliceMut;
@@ -478,7 +490,7 @@ impl UnixDatagram {
     ///     Ok(())
     /// }
     /// ```
-    #[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+    #[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
     #[unstable(feature = "unix_socket_ancillary_data", issue = "76915")]
     pub fn recv_vectored_with_ancillary(
         &self,
@@ -588,8 +600,14 @@ impl UnixDatagram {
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
-    #[cfg_attr(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"), doc = "```no_run")]
-    #[cfg_attr(not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux")), doc = "```ignore")]
+    #[cfg_attr(
+        any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"),
+        doc = "```no_run"
+    )]
+    #[cfg_attr(
+        not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin")),
+        doc = "```ignore"
+    )]
     /// #![feature(unix_socket_ancillary_data)]
     /// use std::os::unix::net::{UnixDatagram, SocketAncillary};
     /// use std::io::IoSlice;
@@ -613,7 +631,7 @@ impl UnixDatagram {
     ///     Ok(())
     /// }
     /// ```
-    #[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+    #[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
     #[unstable(feature = "unix_socket_ancillary_data", issue = "76915")]
     pub fn send_vectored_with_ancillary_to<P: AsRef<Path>>(
         &self,
@@ -630,8 +648,14 @@ impl UnixDatagram {
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
-    #[cfg_attr(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"), doc = "```no_run")]
-    #[cfg_attr(not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux")), doc = "```ignore")]
+    #[cfg_attr(
+        any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"),
+        doc = "```no_run"
+    )]
+    #[cfg_attr(
+        not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin")),
+        doc = "```ignore"
+    )]
     /// #![feature(unix_socket_ancillary_data)]
     /// use std::os::unix::net::{UnixDatagram, SocketAncillary};
     /// use std::io::IoSlice;
@@ -655,7 +679,7 @@ impl UnixDatagram {
     ///     Ok(())
     /// }
     /// ```
-    #[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+    #[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
     #[unstable(feature = "unix_socket_ancillary_data", issue = "76915")]
     pub fn send_vectored_with_ancillary(
         &self,
diff --git a/library/std/src/os/unix/net/mod.rs b/library/std/src/os/unix/net/mod.rs
index 6cd62303a53..94523d7d1e4 100644
--- a/library/std/src/os/unix/net/mod.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/os/unix/net/mod.rs
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 #![stable(feature = "unix_socket", since = "1.10.0")]
 
 mod addr;
-#[doc(cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux")))]
-#[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+#[doc(cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin")))]
+#[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 mod ancillary;
 mod datagram;
 mod listener;
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ mod ucred;
 
 #[stable(feature = "unix_socket", since = "1.10.0")]
 pub use self::addr::*;
-#[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+#[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 #[unstable(feature = "unix_socket_ancillary_data", issue = "76915")]
 pub use self::ancillary::*;
 #[stable(feature = "unix_socket", since = "1.10.0")]
diff --git a/library/std/src/os/unix/net/stream.rs b/library/std/src/os/unix/net/stream.rs
index 768fa77a5f8..ea4171a7d28 100644
--- a/library/std/src/os/unix/net/stream.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/os/unix/net/stream.rs
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ cfg_select! {
 }
 
 use super::{SocketAddr, sockaddr_un};
-#[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+#[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 use super::{SocketAncillary, recv_vectored_with_ancillary_from, send_vectored_with_ancillary_to};
 #[cfg(any(
     target_os = "android",
@@ -508,8 +508,14 @@ impl UnixStream {
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
-    #[cfg_attr(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"), doc = "```no_run")]
-    #[cfg_attr(not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux")), doc = "```ignore")]
+    #[cfg_attr(
+        any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"),
+        doc = "```no_run"
+    )]
+    #[cfg_attr(
+        not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin")),
+        doc = "```ignore"
+    )]
     /// #![feature(unix_socket_ancillary_data)]
     /// use std::os::unix::net::{UnixStream, SocketAncillary, AncillaryData};
     /// use std::io::IoSliceMut;
@@ -539,7 +545,7 @@ impl UnixStream {
     ///     Ok(())
     /// }
     /// ```
-    #[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+    #[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
     #[unstable(feature = "unix_socket_ancillary_data", issue = "76915")]
     pub fn recv_vectored_with_ancillary(
         &self,
@@ -557,8 +563,14 @@ impl UnixStream {
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
-    #[cfg_attr(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"), doc = "```no_run")]
-    #[cfg_attr(not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux")), doc = "```ignore")]
+    #[cfg_attr(
+        any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"),
+        doc = "```no_run"
+    )]
+    #[cfg_attr(
+        not(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin")),
+        doc = "```ignore"
+    )]
     /// #![feature(unix_socket_ancillary_data)]
     /// use std::os::unix::net::{UnixStream, SocketAncillary};
     /// use std::io::IoSlice;
@@ -582,7 +594,7 @@ impl UnixStream {
     ///     Ok(())
     /// }
     /// ```
-    #[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+    #[cfg(any(doc, target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
     #[unstable(feature = "unix_socket_ancillary_data", issue = "76915")]
     pub fn send_vectored_with_ancillary(
         &self,
diff --git a/library/std/src/os/unix/net/tests.rs b/library/std/src/os/unix/net/tests.rs
index 9a88687b1df..4666b5e3c6c 100644
--- a/library/std/src/os/unix/net/tests.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/os/unix/net/tests.rs
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@ use crate::io::prelude::*;
 use crate::io::{self, ErrorKind, IoSlice, IoSliceMut};
 #[cfg(target_os = "android")]
 use crate::os::android::net::{SocketAddrExt, UnixSocketExt};
+#[cfg(target_os = "cygwin")]
+use crate::os::cygwin::net::{SocketAddrExt, UnixSocketExt};
 #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
 use crate::os::linux::net::{SocketAddrExt, UnixSocketExt};
 #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
@@ -170,6 +172,7 @@ fn long_path() {
 #[test]
 #[cfg(not(target_os = "nto"))]
 #[cfg_attr(target_os = "android", ignore)] // Android SELinux rules prevent creating Unix sockets
+#[cfg_attr(target_os = "cygwin", ignore)] // Cygwin connect needs handshake
 fn timeouts() {
     let dir = tmpdir();
     let socket_path = dir.path().join("sock");
@@ -198,6 +201,7 @@ fn timeouts() {
 
 #[test]
 #[cfg_attr(target_os = "android", ignore)] // Android SELinux rules prevent creating Unix sockets
+#[cfg_attr(target_os = "cygwin", ignore)] // Cygwin connect needs handshake
 fn test_read_timeout() {
     let dir = tmpdir();
     let socket_path = dir.path().join("sock");
@@ -218,6 +222,7 @@ fn test_read_timeout() {
 
 #[test]
 #[cfg_attr(target_os = "android", ignore)] // Android SELinux rules prevent creating Unix sockets
+#[cfg_attr(target_os = "cygwin", ignore)] // Cygwin connect needs handshake
 fn test_read_with_timeout() {
     let dir = tmpdir();
     let socket_path = dir.path().join("sock");
@@ -246,6 +251,7 @@ fn test_read_with_timeout() {
 // when passed zero Durations
 #[test]
 #[cfg_attr(target_os = "android", ignore)] // Android SELinux rules prevent creating Unix sockets
+#[cfg_attr(target_os = "cygwin", ignore)] // Cygwin connect needs handshake
 fn test_unix_stream_timeout_zero_duration() {
     let dir = tmpdir();
     let socket_path = dir.path().join("sock");
@@ -283,6 +289,7 @@ fn test_unix_datagram() {
 
 #[test]
 #[cfg_attr(target_os = "android", ignore)] // Android SELinux rules prevent creating Unix sockets
+#[cfg_attr(target_os = "cygwin", ignore)] // Cygwin autobinds an address
 fn test_unnamed_unix_datagram() {
     let dir = tmpdir();
     let path1 = dir.path().join("sock1");
@@ -326,6 +333,7 @@ fn test_unix_datagram_connect_to_recv_addr() {
 
 #[test]
 #[cfg_attr(target_os = "android", ignore)] // Android SELinux rules prevent creating Unix sockets
+#[cfg_attr(target_os = "cygwin", ignore)] // Cygwin autobinds an address
 fn test_connect_unix_datagram() {
     let dir = tmpdir();
     let path1 = dir.path().join("sock1");
@@ -425,8 +433,9 @@ fn abstract_namespace_not_allowed_connect() {
     assert!(UnixStream::connect("\0asdf").is_err());
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 #[test]
+#[cfg_attr(target_os = "cygwin", ignore)] // Cygwin cannot bind to abstract addr
 fn test_abstract_stream_connect() {
     let msg1 = b"hello";
     let msg2 = b"world";
@@ -456,8 +465,9 @@ fn test_abstract_stream_connect() {
     thread.join().unwrap();
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 #[test]
+#[cfg_attr(target_os = "cygwin", ignore)] // Cygwin cannot bind to abstract addr
 fn test_abstract_stream_iter() {
     let addr = or_panic!(SocketAddr::from_abstract_name(b"hidden"));
     let listener = or_panic!(UnixListener::bind_addr(&addr));
@@ -478,8 +488,9 @@ fn test_abstract_stream_iter() {
     thread.join().unwrap();
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 #[test]
+#[cfg_attr(target_os = "cygwin", ignore)] // Cygwin cannot bind to abstract addr
 fn test_abstract_datagram_bind_send_to_addr() {
     let addr1 = or_panic!(SocketAddr::from_abstract_name(b"ns1"));
     let sock1 = or_panic!(UnixDatagram::bind_addr(&addr1));
@@ -499,8 +510,9 @@ fn test_abstract_datagram_bind_send_to_addr() {
     assert_eq!(addr.as_abstract_name().unwrap(), b"ns1");
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 #[test]
+#[cfg_attr(target_os = "cygwin", ignore)] // Cygwin cannot bind to abstract addr
 fn test_abstract_datagram_connect_addr() {
     let addr1 = or_panic!(SocketAddr::from_abstract_name(b"ns3"));
     let bsock1 = or_panic!(UnixDatagram::bind_addr(&addr1));
@@ -524,7 +536,7 @@ fn test_abstract_datagram_connect_addr() {
     or_panic!(bsock2.recv_from(&mut buf));
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 #[test]
 fn test_abstract_name_too_long() {
     match SocketAddr::from_abstract_name(
@@ -538,7 +550,7 @@ fn test_abstract_name_too_long() {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 #[test]
 fn test_abstract_no_pathname_and_not_unnamed() {
     let name = b"local";
@@ -669,9 +681,10 @@ fn test_send_vectored_fds_unix_stream() {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+#[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
 #[test]
 #[cfg_attr(target_os = "android", ignore)] // Android SELinux rules prevent creating Unix sockets
+#[cfg_attr(target_os = "cygwin", ignore)] // Cygwin recvmsg doesn't support Unix sockets
 fn test_send_vectored_with_ancillary_to_unix_datagram() {
     fn getpid() -> libc::pid_t {
         unsafe { libc::getpid() }
diff --git a/library/std/src/os/windows/fs.rs b/library/std/src/os/windows/fs.rs
index ddb8dbd8fee..b445f368aeb 100644
--- a/library/std/src/os/windows/fs.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/os/windows/fs.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #![stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
 
 use crate::fs::{self, Metadata, OpenOptions};
+use crate::io::BorrowedCursor;
 use crate::path::Path;
 use crate::sealed::Sealed;
 use crate::sys_common::{AsInner, AsInnerMut, IntoInner};
@@ -49,6 +50,44 @@ pub trait FileExt {
     #[stable(feature = "file_offset", since = "1.15.0")]
     fn seek_read(&self, buf: &mut [u8], offset: u64) -> io::Result<usize>;
 
+    /// Seeks to a given position and reads some bytes into the buffer.
+    ///
+    /// This is equivalent to the [`seek_read`](FileExt::seek_read) method, except that it is passed
+    /// a [`BorrowedCursor`] rather than `&mut [u8]` to allow use with uninitialized buffers. The
+    /// new data will be appended to any existing contents of `buf`.
+    ///
+    /// Reading beyond the end of the file will always succeed without reading any bytes.
+    ///
+    /// # Examples
+    ///
+    /// ```no_run
+    /// #![feature(core_io_borrowed_buf)]
+    /// #![feature(read_buf_at)]
+    ///
+    /// use std::io;
+    /// use std::io::BorrowedBuf;
+    /// use std::fs::File;
+    /// use std::mem::MaybeUninit;
+    /// use std::os::windows::prelude::*;
+    ///
+    /// fn main() -> io::Result<()> {
+    ///     let mut file = File::open("pi.txt")?;
+    ///
+    ///     // Read some bytes starting from offset 2
+    ///     let mut buf: [MaybeUninit<u8>; 10] = [MaybeUninit::uninit(); 10];
+    ///     let mut buf = BorrowedBuf::from(buf.as_mut_slice());
+    ///     file.seek_read_buf(buf.unfilled(), 2)?;
+    ///
+    ///     assert!(buf.filled().starts_with(b"1"));
+    ///
+    ///     Ok(())
+    /// }
+    /// ```
+    #[unstable(feature = "read_buf_at", issue = "140771")]
+    fn seek_read_buf(&self, buf: BorrowedCursor<'_>, offset: u64) -> io::Result<()> {
+        io::default_read_buf(|b| self.seek_read(b, offset), buf)
+    }
+
     /// Seeks to a given position and writes a number of bytes.
     ///
     /// Returns the number of bytes written.
@@ -89,6 +128,10 @@ impl FileExt for fs::File {
         self.as_inner().read_at(buf, offset)
     }
 
+    fn seek_read_buf(&self, buf: BorrowedCursor<'_>, offset: u64) -> io::Result<()> {
+        self.as_inner().read_buf_at(buf, offset)
+    }
+
     fn seek_write(&self, buf: &[u8], offset: u64) -> io::Result<usize> {
         self.as_inner().write_at(buf, offset)
     }
diff --git a/library/std/src/panicking.rs b/library/std/src/panicking.rs
index 87a3fc80dfa..8b7282c51d1 100644
--- a/library/std/src/panicking.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/panicking.rs
@@ -819,7 +819,7 @@ fn panic_with_hook(
                 rtprintpanic!("aborting due to panic at {location}:\n{payload}\n");
             }
         }
-        crate::sys::abort_internal();
+        crate::process::abort();
     }
 
     match *HOOK.read().unwrap_or_else(PoisonError::into_inner) {
@@ -853,7 +853,7 @@ fn panic_with_hook(
         // through a nounwind function (e.g. extern "C") then we cannot continue
         // unwinding and have to abort immediately.
         rtprintpanic!("thread caused non-unwinding panic. aborting.\n");
-        crate::sys::abort_internal();
+        crate::process::abort();
     }
 
     rust_panic(payload)
diff --git a/library/std/src/path.rs b/library/std/src/path.rs
index 470d300d2d9..19663e4a9df 100644
--- a/library/std/src/path.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/path.rs
@@ -1575,8 +1575,6 @@ impl PathBuf {
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
-    /// #![feature(path_add_extension)]
-    ///
     /// use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
     ///
     /// let mut p = PathBuf::from("/feel/the");
@@ -1596,7 +1594,7 @@ impl PathBuf {
     /// p.add_extension("");
     /// assert_eq!(Path::new("/feel/the.formatted.dark"), p.as_path());
     /// ```
-    #[unstable(feature = "path_add_extension", issue = "127292")]
+    #[stable(feature = "path_add_extension", since = "CURRENT_RUSTC_VERSION")]
     pub fn add_extension<S: AsRef<OsStr>>(&mut self, extension: S) -> bool {
         self._add_extension(extension.as_ref())
     }
@@ -2109,7 +2107,7 @@ impl PartialEq for PathBuf {
 impl cmp::PartialEq<str> for PathBuf {
     #[inline]
     fn eq(&self, other: &str) -> bool {
-        &*self == other
+        Path::eq(self, other)
     }
 }
 
@@ -2264,11 +2262,13 @@ impl Path {
     /// assert_eq!(from_string, from_path);
     /// ```
     #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-    pub fn new<S: AsRef<OsStr> + ?Sized>(s: &S) -> &Path {
+    #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_convert", issue = "143773")]
+    pub const fn new<S: [const] AsRef<OsStr> + ?Sized>(s: &S) -> &Path {
         unsafe { &*(s.as_ref() as *const OsStr as *const Path) }
     }
 
-    fn from_inner_mut(inner: &mut OsStr) -> &mut Path {
+    #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_convert", issue = "143773")]
+    const fn from_inner_mut(inner: &mut OsStr) -> &mut Path {
         // SAFETY: Path is just a wrapper around OsStr,
         // therefore converting &mut OsStr to &mut Path is safe.
         unsafe { &mut *(inner as *mut OsStr as *mut Path) }
@@ -2878,8 +2878,6 @@ impl Path {
     /// # Examples
     ///
     /// ```
-    /// #![feature(path_add_extension)]
-    ///
     /// use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
     ///
     /// let path = Path::new("foo.rs");
@@ -2890,7 +2888,7 @@ impl Path {
     /// assert_eq!(path.with_added_extension("xz"), PathBuf::from("foo.tar.gz.xz"));
     /// assert_eq!(path.with_added_extension("").with_added_extension("txt"), PathBuf::from("foo.tar.gz.txt"));
     /// ```
-    #[unstable(feature = "path_add_extension", issue = "127292")]
+    #[stable(feature = "path_add_extension", since = "CURRENT_RUSTC_VERSION")]
     pub fn with_added_extension<S: AsRef<OsStr>>(&self, extension: S) -> PathBuf {
         let mut new_path = self.to_path_buf();
         new_path.add_extension(extension);
@@ -3337,7 +3335,8 @@ unsafe impl CloneToUninit for Path {
 }
 
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-impl AsRef<OsStr> for Path {
+#[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_convert", issue = "143773")]
+impl const AsRef<OsStr> for Path {
     #[inline]
     fn as_ref(&self) -> &OsStr {
         &self.inner
@@ -3507,7 +3506,8 @@ impl Ord for Path {
 }
 
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-impl AsRef<Path> for Path {
+#[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_convert", issue = "143773")]
+impl const AsRef<Path> for Path {
     #[inline]
     fn as_ref(&self) -> &Path {
         self
@@ -3515,7 +3515,8 @@ impl AsRef<Path> for Path {
 }
 
 #[stable(feature = "rust1", since = "1.0.0")]
-impl AsRef<Path> for OsStr {
+#[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_convert", issue = "143773")]
+impl const AsRef<Path> for OsStr {
     #[inline]
     fn as_ref(&self) -> &Path {
         Path::new(self)
diff --git a/library/std/src/process.rs b/library/std/src/process.rs
index 373584d0117..48265de90c4 100644
--- a/library/std/src/process.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/process.rs
@@ -2495,6 +2495,7 @@ pub fn exit(code: i32) -> ! {
 #[stable(feature = "process_abort", since = "1.17.0")]
 #[cold]
 #[cfg_attr(not(test), rustc_diagnostic_item = "process_abort")]
+#[cfg_attr(miri, track_caller)] // even without panics, this helps for Miri backtraces
 pub fn abort() -> ! {
     crate::sys::abort_internal();
 }
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/args/mod.rs b/library/std/src/sys/args/mod.rs
index c9627322276..e11e8e5430f 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/args/mod.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/args/mod.rs
@@ -32,9 +32,13 @@ cfg_select! {
         mod uefi;
         pub use uefi::*;
     }
-    target_os = "wasi" => {
-        mod wasi;
-        pub use wasi::*;
+    all(target_os = "wasi", target_env = "p1") => {
+        mod wasip1;
+        pub use wasip1::*;
+    }
+    all(target_os = "wasi", target_env = "p2") => {
+        mod wasip2;
+        pub use wasip2::*;
     }
     target_os = "xous" => {
         mod xous;
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/args/wasi.rs b/library/std/src/sys/args/wasip1.rs
index 72063a87dc9..72063a87dc9 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/args/wasi.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/args/wasip1.rs
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/args/wasip2.rs b/library/std/src/sys/args/wasip2.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a57e4b97786
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/args/wasip2.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+pub use super::common::Args;
+
+/// Returns the command line arguments
+pub fn args() -> Args {
+    Args::new(wasip2::cli::environment::get_arguments().into_iter().map(|arg| arg.into()).collect())
+}
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/fd/unix.rs b/library/std/src/sys/fd/unix.rs
index a12f692e754..2b2dfe48e89 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/fd/unix.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/fd/unix.rs
@@ -18,6 +18,21 @@ use libc::off_t as off64_t;
 ))]
 use libc::off64_t;
 
+cfg_select! {
+    any(
+        all(target_os = "linux", not(target_env = "musl")),
+        target_os = "android",
+        target_os = "hurd",
+    ) => {
+        // Prefer explicit pread64 for 64-bit offset independently of libc
+        // #[cfg(gnu_file_offset_bits64)].
+        use libc::pread64;
+    }
+    _ => {
+        use libc::pread as pread64;
+    }
+}
+
 use crate::cmp;
 use crate::io::{self, BorrowedCursor, IoSlice, IoSliceMut, Read};
 use crate::os::unix::io::{AsFd, AsRawFd, BorrowedFd, FromRawFd, IntoRawFd, OwnedFd, RawFd};
@@ -146,42 +161,47 @@ impl FileDesc {
         (&mut me).read_to_end(buf)
     }
 
-    #[cfg_attr(target_os = "vxworks", allow(unused_unsafe))]
     pub fn read_at(&self, buf: &mut [u8], offset: u64) -> io::Result<usize> {
-        #[cfg(not(any(
-            all(target_os = "linux", not(target_env = "musl")),
-            target_os = "android",
-            target_os = "hurd"
-        )))]
-        use libc::pread as pread64;
-        #[cfg(any(
-            all(target_os = "linux", not(target_env = "musl")),
-            target_os = "android",
-            target_os = "hurd"
-        ))]
-        use libc::pread64;
-
-        unsafe {
-            cvt(pread64(
+        cvt(unsafe {
+            pread64(
                 self.as_raw_fd(),
                 buf.as_mut_ptr() as *mut libc::c_void,
                 cmp::min(buf.len(), READ_LIMIT),
-                offset as off64_t,
-            ))
-            .map(|n| n as usize)
-        }
+                offset as off64_t, // EINVAL if offset + count overflows
+            )
+        })
+        .map(|n| n as usize)
     }
 
     pub fn read_buf(&self, mut cursor: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> io::Result<()> {
+        // SAFETY: `cursor.as_mut()` starts with `cursor.capacity()` writable bytes
         let ret = cvt(unsafe {
             libc::read(
                 self.as_raw_fd(),
-                cursor.as_mut().as_mut_ptr() as *mut libc::c_void,
+                cursor.as_mut().as_mut_ptr().cast::<libc::c_void>(),
+                cmp::min(cursor.capacity(), READ_LIMIT),
+            )
+        })?;
+
+        // SAFETY: `ret` bytes were written to the initialized portion of the buffer
+        unsafe {
+            cursor.advance_unchecked(ret as usize);
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn read_buf_at(&self, mut cursor: BorrowedCursor<'_>, offset: u64) -> io::Result<()> {
+        // SAFETY: `cursor.as_mut()` starts with `cursor.capacity()` writable bytes
+        let ret = cvt(unsafe {
+            pread64(
+                self.as_raw_fd(),
+                cursor.as_mut().as_mut_ptr().cast::<libc::c_void>(),
                 cmp::min(cursor.capacity(), READ_LIMIT),
+                offset as off64_t, // EINVAL if offset + count overflows
             )
         })?;
 
-        // Safety: `ret` bytes were written to the initialized portion of the buffer
+        // SAFETY: `ret` bytes were written to the initialized portion of the buffer
         unsafe {
             cursor.advance_unchecked(ret as usize);
         }
@@ -369,7 +389,6 @@ impl FileDesc {
         )))
     }
 
-    #[cfg_attr(target_os = "vxworks", allow(unused_unsafe))]
     pub fn write_at(&self, buf: &[u8], offset: u64) -> io::Result<usize> {
         #[cfg(not(any(
             all(target_os = "linux", not(target_env = "musl")),
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/fs/unix.rs b/library/std/src/sys/fs/unix.rs
index a89c3bbacfb..dfd6ce56a76 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/fs/unix.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/fs/unix.rs
@@ -1293,6 +1293,15 @@ impl File {
         return Ok(());
     }
 
+    #[cfg(target_os = "solaris")]
+    pub fn lock(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        let mut flock: libc::flock = unsafe { mem::zeroed() };
+        flock.l_type = libc::F_WRLCK as libc::c_short;
+        flock.l_whence = libc::SEEK_SET as libc::c_short;
+        cvt(unsafe { libc::fcntl(self.as_raw_fd(), libc::F_SETLKW, &flock) })?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     #[cfg(not(any(
         target_os = "freebsd",
         target_os = "fuchsia",
@@ -1300,6 +1309,7 @@ impl File {
         target_os = "netbsd",
         target_os = "openbsd",
         target_os = "cygwin",
+        target_os = "solaris",
         target_vendor = "apple",
     )))]
     pub fn lock(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
@@ -1320,6 +1330,15 @@ impl File {
         return Ok(());
     }
 
+    #[cfg(target_os = "solaris")]
+    pub fn lock_shared(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        let mut flock: libc::flock = unsafe { mem::zeroed() };
+        flock.l_type = libc::F_RDLCK as libc::c_short;
+        flock.l_whence = libc::SEEK_SET as libc::c_short;
+        cvt(unsafe { libc::fcntl(self.as_raw_fd(), libc::F_SETLKW, &flock) })?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     #[cfg(not(any(
         target_os = "freebsd",
         target_os = "fuchsia",
@@ -1327,6 +1346,7 @@ impl File {
         target_os = "netbsd",
         target_os = "openbsd",
         target_os = "cygwin",
+        target_os = "solaris",
         target_vendor = "apple",
     )))]
     pub fn lock_shared(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
@@ -1355,6 +1375,23 @@ impl File {
         }
     }
 
+    #[cfg(target_os = "solaris")]
+    pub fn try_lock(&self) -> Result<(), TryLockError> {
+        let mut flock: libc::flock = unsafe { mem::zeroed() };
+        flock.l_type = libc::F_WRLCK as libc::c_short;
+        flock.l_whence = libc::SEEK_SET as libc::c_short;
+        let result = cvt(unsafe { libc::fcntl(self.as_raw_fd(), libc::F_SETLK, &flock) });
+        if let Err(err) = result {
+            if err.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock {
+                Err(TryLockError::WouldBlock)
+            } else {
+                Err(TryLockError::Error(err))
+            }
+        } else {
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+
     #[cfg(not(any(
         target_os = "freebsd",
         target_os = "fuchsia",
@@ -1362,6 +1399,7 @@ impl File {
         target_os = "netbsd",
         target_os = "openbsd",
         target_os = "cygwin",
+        target_os = "solaris",
         target_vendor = "apple",
     )))]
     pub fn try_lock(&self) -> Result<(), TryLockError> {
@@ -1393,6 +1431,23 @@ impl File {
         }
     }
 
+    #[cfg(target_os = "solaris")]
+    pub fn try_lock_shared(&self) -> Result<(), TryLockError> {
+        let mut flock: libc::flock = unsafe { mem::zeroed() };
+        flock.l_type = libc::F_RDLCK as libc::c_short;
+        flock.l_whence = libc::SEEK_SET as libc::c_short;
+        let result = cvt(unsafe { libc::fcntl(self.as_raw_fd(), libc::F_SETLK, &flock) });
+        if let Err(err) = result {
+            if err.kind() == io::ErrorKind::WouldBlock {
+                Err(TryLockError::WouldBlock)
+            } else {
+                Err(TryLockError::Error(err))
+            }
+        } else {
+            Ok(())
+        }
+    }
+
     #[cfg(not(any(
         target_os = "freebsd",
         target_os = "fuchsia",
@@ -1400,6 +1455,7 @@ impl File {
         target_os = "netbsd",
         target_os = "openbsd",
         target_os = "cygwin",
+        target_os = "solaris",
         target_vendor = "apple",
     )))]
     pub fn try_lock_shared(&self) -> Result<(), TryLockError> {
@@ -1423,6 +1479,15 @@ impl File {
         return Ok(());
     }
 
+    #[cfg(target_os = "solaris")]
+    pub fn unlock(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        let mut flock: libc::flock = unsafe { mem::zeroed() };
+        flock.l_type = libc::F_UNLCK as libc::c_short;
+        flock.l_whence = libc::SEEK_SET as libc::c_short;
+        cvt(unsafe { libc::fcntl(self.as_raw_fd(), libc::F_SETLKW, &flock) })?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     #[cfg(not(any(
         target_os = "freebsd",
         target_os = "fuchsia",
@@ -1430,6 +1495,7 @@ impl File {
         target_os = "netbsd",
         target_os = "openbsd",
         target_os = "cygwin",
+        target_os = "solaris",
         target_vendor = "apple",
     )))]
     pub fn unlock(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
@@ -1463,6 +1529,10 @@ impl File {
         self.0.read_buf(cursor)
     }
 
+    pub fn read_buf_at(&self, cursor: BorrowedCursor<'_>, offset: u64) -> io::Result<()> {
+        self.0.read_buf_at(cursor, offset)
+    }
+
     pub fn read_vectored_at(&self, bufs: &mut [IoSliceMut<'_>], offset: u64) -> io::Result<usize> {
         self.0.read_vectored_at(bufs, offset)
     }
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/fs/windows.rs b/library/std/src/sys/fs/windows.rs
index bac278f7c8f..ccfe410627f 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/fs/windows.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/fs/windows.rs
@@ -605,6 +605,10 @@ impl File {
         self.handle.read_buf(cursor)
     }
 
+    pub fn read_buf_at(&self, cursor: BorrowedCursor<'_>, offset: u64) -> io::Result<()> {
+        self.handle.read_buf_at(cursor, offset)
+    }
+
     pub fn write(&self, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
         self.handle.write(buf)
     }
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/mod.rs b/library/std/src/sys/mod.rs
index 6324c1a232a..8c115015580 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/mod.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/mod.rs
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ pub mod io;
 pub mod net;
 pub mod os_str;
 pub mod path;
+pub mod platform_version;
 pub mod process;
 pub mod random;
 pub mod stdio;
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/net/connection/socket/unix.rs b/library/std/src/sys/net/connection/socket/unix.rs
index 8b5970d1494..8216f8d2fd5 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/net/connection/socket/unix.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/net/connection/socket/unix.rs
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ impl Socket {
         self.recv_from_with_flags(buf, 0)
     }
 
-    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
     pub fn recv_msg(&self, msg: &mut libc::msghdr) -> io::Result<usize> {
         let n = cvt(unsafe { libc::recvmsg(self.as_raw_fd(), msg, libc::MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC) })?;
         Ok(n as usize)
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ impl Socket {
         self.0.is_write_vectored()
     }
 
-    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux"))]
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
     pub fn send_msg(&self, msg: &mut libc::msghdr) -> io::Result<usize> {
         let n = cvt(unsafe { libc::sendmsg(self.as_raw_fd(), msg, 0) })?;
         Ok(n as usize)
@@ -472,12 +472,12 @@ impl Socket {
         Ok(raw != 0)
     }
 
-    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux",))]
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
     pub fn set_quickack(&self, quickack: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
         setsockopt(self, libc::IPPROTO_TCP, libc::TCP_QUICKACK, quickack as c_int)
     }
 
-    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux",))]
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
     pub fn quickack(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
         let raw: c_int = getsockopt(self, libc::IPPROTO_TCP, libc::TCP_QUICKACK)?;
         Ok(raw != 0)
@@ -541,12 +541,12 @@ impl Socket {
         Ok(raw != 0)
     }
 
-    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux",))]
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
     pub fn set_passcred(&self, passcred: bool) -> io::Result<()> {
         setsockopt(self, libc::SOL_SOCKET, libc::SO_PASSCRED, passcred as libc::c_int)
     }
 
-    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux",))]
+    #[cfg(any(target_os = "android", target_os = "linux", target_os = "cygwin"))]
     pub fn passcred(&self) -> io::Result<bool> {
         let passcred: libc::c_int = getsockopt(self, libc::SOL_SOCKET, libc::SO_PASSCRED)?;
         Ok(passcred != 0)
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/pal/mod.rs b/library/std/src/sys/pal/mod.rs
index 9376f5249f1..513121c6d30 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/pal/mod.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/pal/mod.rs
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ cfg_select! {
         mod wasip2;
         pub use self::wasip2::*;
     }
-    target_os = "wasi" => {
-        mod wasi;
-        pub use self::wasi::*;
+    all(target_os = "wasi", target_env = "p1") => {
+        mod wasip1;
+        pub use self::wasip1::*;
     }
     target_family = "wasm" => {
         mod wasm;
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/pal/unix/mod.rs b/library/std/src/sys/pal/unix/mod.rs
index 400128acf12..ac5c823a1bf 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/pal/unix/mod.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/pal/unix/mod.rs
@@ -364,6 +364,7 @@ pub fn cvt_nz(error: libc::c_int) -> crate::io::Result<()> {
 // multithreaded C program.  It is much less severe for Rust, because Rust
 // stdlib doesn't use libc stdio buffering.  In a typical Rust program, which
 // does not use C stdio, even a buggy libc::abort() is, in fact, safe.
+#[cfg_attr(miri, track_caller)] // even without panics, this helps for Miri backtraces
 pub fn abort_internal() -> ! {
     unsafe { libc::abort() }
 }
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasi/helpers.rs b/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip1/helpers.rs
index 404747f0dc7..404747f0dc7 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasi/helpers.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip1/helpers.rs
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasi/mod.rs b/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip1/mod.rs
index 61dd1c3f98b..61dd1c3f98b 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasi/mod.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip1/mod.rs
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasi/os.rs b/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip1/os.rs
index 151ba254ec4..151ba254ec4 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasi/os.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip1/os.rs
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasi/thread.rs b/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip1/thread.rs
index e062b49bd7a..e062b49bd7a 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasi/thread.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip1/thread.rs
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasi/time.rs b/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip1/time.rs
index 892661b312b..892661b312b 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasi/time.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip1/time.rs
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip2/mod.rs b/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip2/mod.rs
index 47fe3221c90..5f3fb6d6ddf 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip2/mod.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip2/mod.rs
@@ -10,13 +10,11 @@
 #[path = "../wasm/atomics/futex.rs"]
 pub mod futex;
 
-#[path = "../wasi/os.rs"]
+#[path = "../wasip1/os.rs"]
 pub mod os;
 #[path = "../unsupported/pipe.rs"]
 pub mod pipe;
-#[path = "../wasi/thread.rs"]
 pub mod thread;
-#[path = "../wasi/time.rs"]
 pub mod time;
 
 #[path = "../unsupported/common.rs"]
@@ -26,7 +24,7 @@ mod common;
 
 pub use common::*;
 
-#[path = "../wasi/helpers.rs"]
+#[path = "../wasip1/helpers.rs"]
 mod helpers;
 
 // The following exports are listed individually to work around Rust's glob
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip2/thread.rs b/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip2/thread.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..ad52918f15a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip2/thread.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+use crate::ffi::CStr;
+use crate::io;
+use crate::num::NonZero;
+use crate::time::{Duration, Instant};
+
+pub struct Thread(!);
+
+pub const DEFAULT_MIN_STACK_SIZE: usize = 1024 * 1024;
+
+impl Thread {
+    pub unsafe fn new(
+        _stack: usize,
+        _name: Option<&str>,
+        _p: Box<dyn FnOnce()>,
+    ) -> io::Result<Thread> {
+        // Note that unlike WASIp1 even if the wasm `atomics` feature is enabled
+        // there is no support for threads, not even experimentally, not even in
+        // wasi-libc. Thus this is unconditionally unsupported.
+        crate::sys::unsupported()
+    }
+
+    pub fn yield_now() {
+        // no API for this in WASIp2, but there's also no threads, so that's
+        // sort of expected.
+    }
+
+    pub fn set_name(_name: &CStr) {
+        // nope
+    }
+
+    pub fn sleep(dur: Duration) {
+        // Sleep in increments of `u64::MAX` nanoseconds until the `dur` is
+        // entirely drained.
+        let mut remaining = dur.as_nanos();
+        while remaining > 0 {
+            let amt = u64::try_from(remaining).unwrap_or(u64::MAX);
+            wasip2::clocks::monotonic_clock::subscribe_duration(amt).block();
+            remaining -= u128::from(amt);
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn sleep_until(deadline: Instant) {
+        match u64::try_from(deadline.into_inner().as_duration().as_nanos()) {
+            // If the point in time we're sleeping to fits within a 64-bit
+            // number of nanoseconds then directly use `subscribe_instant`.
+            Ok(deadline) => {
+                wasip2::clocks::monotonic_clock::subscribe_instant(deadline).block();
+            }
+            // ... otherwise we're sleeping for 500+ years relative to the
+            // "start" of what the system is using as a clock so speed/accuracy
+            // is not so much of a concern. Use `sleep` instead.
+            Err(_) => {
+                let now = Instant::now();
+
+                if let Some(delay) = deadline.checked_duration_since(now) {
+                    Self::sleep(delay);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn join(self) {
+        self.0
+    }
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn current_os_id() -> Option<u64> {
+    None
+}
+
+pub fn available_parallelism() -> io::Result<NonZero<usize>> {
+    crate::sys::unsupported()
+}
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip2/time.rs b/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip2/time.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..f1f6839774b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/pal/wasip2/time.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+use crate::time::Duration;
+
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Debug, Hash)]
+pub struct Instant(Duration);
+
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Debug, Hash)]
+pub struct SystemTime(Duration);
+
+pub const UNIX_EPOCH: SystemTime = SystemTime(Duration::from_secs(0));
+
+impl Instant {
+    pub fn now() -> Instant {
+        Instant(Duration::from_nanos(wasip2::clocks::monotonic_clock::now()))
+    }
+
+    pub fn checked_sub_instant(&self, other: &Instant) -> Option<Duration> {
+        self.0.checked_sub(other.0)
+    }
+
+    pub fn checked_add_duration(&self, other: &Duration) -> Option<Instant> {
+        Some(Instant(self.0.checked_add(*other)?))
+    }
+
+    pub fn checked_sub_duration(&self, other: &Duration) -> Option<Instant> {
+        Some(Instant(self.0.checked_sub(*other)?))
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn as_duration(&self) -> &Duration {
+        &self.0
+    }
+}
+
+impl SystemTime {
+    pub fn now() -> SystemTime {
+        let now = wasip2::clocks::wall_clock::now();
+        SystemTime(Duration::new(now.seconds, now.nanoseconds))
+    }
+
+    #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_system_time", issue = "144517")]
+    pub const fn from_wasi_timestamp(ts: wasi::Timestamp) -> SystemTime {
+        SystemTime(Duration::from_nanos(ts))
+    }
+
+    #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_system_time", issue = "144517")]
+    pub const fn to_wasi_timestamp(&self) -> Option<wasi::Timestamp> {
+        // FIXME: const TryInto
+        let ns = self.0.as_nanos();
+        if ns <= u64::MAX as u128 { Some(ns as u64) } else { None }
+    }
+
+    #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_system_time", issue = "144517")]
+    pub const fn sub_time(&self, other: &SystemTime) -> Result<Duration, Duration> {
+        // FIXME: ok_or_else with const closures
+        match self.0.checked_sub(other.0) {
+            Some(duration) => Ok(duration),
+            None => Err(other.0 - self.0),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_system_time", issue = "144517")]
+    pub const fn checked_add_duration(&self, other: &Duration) -> Option<SystemTime> {
+        Some(SystemTime(self.0.checked_add(*other)?))
+    }
+
+    #[rustc_const_unstable(feature = "const_system_time", issue = "144517")]
+    pub const fn checked_sub_duration(&self, other: &Duration) -> Option<SystemTime> {
+        Some(SystemTime(self.0.checked_sub(*other)?))
+    }
+}
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/pal/windows/handle.rs b/library/std/src/sys/pal/windows/handle.rs
index 82a880faf5f..76c8aa939d3 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/pal/windows/handle.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/pal/windows/handle.rs
@@ -136,6 +136,19 @@ impl Handle {
         }
     }
 
+    pub fn read_buf_at(&self, mut cursor: BorrowedCursor<'_>, offset: u64) -> io::Result<()> {
+        // SAFETY: `cursor.as_mut()` starts with `cursor.capacity()` writable bytes
+        let read = unsafe {
+            self.synchronous_read(cursor.as_mut().as_mut_ptr(), cursor.capacity(), Some(offset))
+        }?;
+
+        // SAFETY: `read` bytes were written to the initialized portion of the buffer
+        unsafe {
+            cursor.advance_unchecked(read);
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     pub fn read_to_end(&self, buf: &mut Vec<u8>) -> io::Result<usize> {
         let mut me = self;
 
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/pal/windows/mod.rs b/library/std/src/sys/pal/windows/mod.rs
index 10ad4541bed..3b6a86cbc8f 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/pal/windows/mod.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/pal/windows/mod.rs
@@ -356,6 +356,7 @@ pub fn abort_internal() -> ! {
 }
 
 #[cfg(miri)]
+#[track_caller] // even without panics, this helps for Miri backtraces
 pub fn abort_internal() -> ! {
     crate::intrinsics::abort();
 }
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/platform_version/darwin/core_foundation.rs b/library/std/src/sys/platform_version/darwin/core_foundation.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1e0d15fcf66
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/platform_version/darwin/core_foundation.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+//! Minimal utilities for interfacing with a dynamically loaded CoreFoundation.
+#![allow(non_snake_case, non_upper_case_globals)]
+use super::root_relative;
+use crate::ffi::{CStr, c_char, c_void};
+use crate::ptr::null_mut;
+use crate::sys::common::small_c_string::run_path_with_cstr;
+
+// MacTypes.h
+pub(super) type Boolean = u8;
+// CoreFoundation/CFBase.h
+pub(super) type CFTypeID = usize;
+pub(super) type CFOptionFlags = usize;
+pub(super) type CFIndex = isize;
+pub(super) type CFTypeRef = *mut c_void;
+pub(super) type CFAllocatorRef = CFTypeRef;
+pub(super) const kCFAllocatorDefault: CFAllocatorRef = null_mut();
+// CoreFoundation/CFError.h
+pub(super) type CFErrorRef = CFTypeRef;
+// CoreFoundation/CFData.h
+pub(super) type CFDataRef = CFTypeRef;
+// CoreFoundation/CFPropertyList.h
+pub(super) const kCFPropertyListImmutable: CFOptionFlags = 0;
+pub(super) type CFPropertyListFormat = CFIndex;
+pub(super) type CFPropertyListRef = CFTypeRef;
+// CoreFoundation/CFString.h
+pub(super) type CFStringRef = CFTypeRef;
+pub(super) type CFStringEncoding = u32;
+pub(super) const kCFStringEncodingUTF8: CFStringEncoding = 0x08000100;
+// CoreFoundation/CFDictionary.h
+pub(super) type CFDictionaryRef = CFTypeRef;
+
+/// An open handle to the dynamically loaded CoreFoundation framework.
+///
+/// This is `dlopen`ed, and later `dlclose`d. This is done to try to avoid
+/// "leaking" the CoreFoundation symbols to the rest of the user's binary if
+/// they decided to not link CoreFoundation themselves.
+///
+/// It is also faster to look up symbols directly via this handle than with
+/// `RTLD_DEFAULT`.
+pub(super) struct CFHandle(*mut c_void);
+
+macro_rules! dlsym_fn {
+    (
+        unsafe fn $name:ident($($param:ident: $param_ty:ty),* $(,)?) $(-> $ret:ty)?;
+    ) => {
+        pub(super) unsafe fn $name(&self, $($param: $param_ty),*) $(-> $ret)? {
+            let ptr = unsafe {
+                libc::dlsym(
+                    self.0,
+                    concat!(stringify!($name), '\0').as_bytes().as_ptr().cast(),
+                )
+            };
+            if ptr.is_null() {
+                let err = unsafe { CStr::from_ptr(libc::dlerror()) };
+                panic!("could not find function {}: {err:?}", stringify!($name));
+            }
+
+            // SAFETY: Just checked that the symbol isn't NULL, and macro invoker verifies that
+            // the signature is correct.
+            let fnptr = unsafe {
+                crate::mem::transmute::<
+                    *mut c_void,
+                    unsafe extern "C" fn($($param_ty),*) $(-> $ret)?,
+                >(ptr)
+            };
+
+            // SAFETY: Upheld by caller.
+            unsafe { fnptr($($param),*) }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+impl CFHandle {
+    /// Link to the CoreFoundation dylib, and look up symbols from that.
+    pub(super) fn new() -> Self {
+        // We explicitly use non-versioned path here, to allow this to work on older iOS devices.
+        let cf_path =
+            root_relative("/System/Library/Frameworks/CoreFoundation.framework/CoreFoundation");
+
+        let handle = run_path_with_cstr(&cf_path, &|path| unsafe {
+            Ok(libc::dlopen(path.as_ptr(), libc::RTLD_LAZY | libc::RTLD_LOCAL))
+        })
+        .expect("failed allocating string");
+
+        if handle.is_null() {
+            let err = unsafe { CStr::from_ptr(libc::dlerror()) };
+            panic!("could not open CoreFoundation.framework: {err:?}");
+        }
+
+        Self(handle)
+    }
+
+    pub(super) fn kCFAllocatorNull(&self) -> CFAllocatorRef {
+        // Available: in all CF versions.
+        let static_ptr = unsafe { libc::dlsym(self.0, c"kCFAllocatorNull".as_ptr()) };
+        if static_ptr.is_null() {
+            let err = unsafe { CStr::from_ptr(libc::dlerror()) };
+            panic!("could not find kCFAllocatorNull: {err:?}");
+        }
+        unsafe { *static_ptr.cast() }
+    }
+
+    // CoreFoundation/CFBase.h
+    dlsym_fn!(
+        // Available: in all CF versions.
+        unsafe fn CFRelease(cf: CFTypeRef);
+    );
+    dlsym_fn!(
+        // Available: in all CF versions.
+        unsafe fn CFGetTypeID(cf: CFTypeRef) -> CFTypeID;
+    );
+
+    // CoreFoundation/CFData.h
+    dlsym_fn!(
+        // Available: in all CF versions.
+        unsafe fn CFDataCreateWithBytesNoCopy(
+            allocator: CFAllocatorRef,
+            bytes: *const u8,
+            length: CFIndex,
+            bytes_deallocator: CFAllocatorRef,
+        ) -> CFDataRef;
+    );
+
+    // CoreFoundation/CFPropertyList.h
+    dlsym_fn!(
+        // Available: since macOS 10.6.
+        unsafe fn CFPropertyListCreateWithData(
+            allocator: CFAllocatorRef,
+            data: CFDataRef,
+            options: CFOptionFlags,
+            format: *mut CFPropertyListFormat,
+            error: *mut CFErrorRef,
+        ) -> CFPropertyListRef;
+    );
+
+    // CoreFoundation/CFString.h
+    dlsym_fn!(
+        // Available: in all CF versions.
+        unsafe fn CFStringGetTypeID() -> CFTypeID;
+    );
+    dlsym_fn!(
+        // Available: in all CF versions.
+        unsafe fn CFStringCreateWithCStringNoCopy(
+            alloc: CFAllocatorRef,
+            c_str: *const c_char,
+            encoding: CFStringEncoding,
+            contents_deallocator: CFAllocatorRef,
+        ) -> CFStringRef;
+    );
+    dlsym_fn!(
+        // Available: in all CF versions.
+        unsafe fn CFStringGetCString(
+            the_string: CFStringRef,
+            buffer: *mut c_char,
+            buffer_size: CFIndex,
+            encoding: CFStringEncoding,
+        ) -> Boolean;
+    );
+
+    // CoreFoundation/CFDictionary.h
+    dlsym_fn!(
+        // Available: in all CF versions.
+        unsafe fn CFDictionaryGetTypeID() -> CFTypeID;
+    );
+    dlsym_fn!(
+        // Available: in all CF versions.
+        unsafe fn CFDictionaryGetValue(
+            the_dict: CFDictionaryRef,
+            key: *const c_void,
+        ) -> *const c_void;
+    );
+}
+
+impl Drop for CFHandle {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        // Ignore errors when closing. This is also what `libloading` does:
+        // https://docs.rs/libloading/0.8.6/src/libloading/os/unix/mod.rs.html#374
+        let _ = unsafe { libc::dlclose(self.0) };
+    }
+}
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/platform_version/darwin/mod.rs b/library/std/src/sys/platform_version/darwin/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..06b97fcdef4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/platform_version/darwin/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,351 @@
+use self::core_foundation::{
+    CFDictionaryRef, CFHandle, CFIndex, CFStringRef, CFTypeRef, kCFAllocatorDefault,
+    kCFPropertyListImmutable, kCFStringEncodingUTF8,
+};
+use crate::borrow::Cow;
+use crate::bstr::ByteStr;
+use crate::ffi::{CStr, c_char};
+use crate::num::{NonZero, ParseIntError};
+use crate::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use crate::ptr::null_mut;
+use crate::sync::atomic::{AtomicU32, Ordering};
+use crate::{env, fs};
+
+mod core_foundation;
+mod public_extern;
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests;
+
+/// The version of the operating system.
+///
+/// We use a packed u32 here to allow for fast comparisons and to match Mach-O's `LC_BUILD_VERSION`.
+type OSVersion = u32;
+
+/// Combine parts of a version into an [`OSVersion`].
+///
+/// The size of the parts are inherently limited by Mach-O's `LC_BUILD_VERSION`.
+#[inline]
+const fn pack_os_version(major: u16, minor: u8, patch: u8) -> OSVersion {
+    let (major, minor, patch) = (major as u32, minor as u32, patch as u32);
+    (major << 16) | (minor << 8) | patch
+}
+
+/// [`pack_os_version`], but takes `i32` and saturates.
+///
+/// Instead of using e.g. `major as u16`, which truncates.
+#[inline]
+fn pack_i32_os_version(major: i32, minor: i32, patch: i32) -> OSVersion {
+    let major: u16 = major.try_into().unwrap_or(u16::MAX);
+    let minor: u8 = minor.try_into().unwrap_or(u8::MAX);
+    let patch: u8 = patch.try_into().unwrap_or(u8::MAX);
+    pack_os_version(major, minor, patch)
+}
+
+/// Get the current OS version, packed according to [`pack_os_version`].
+///
+/// # Semantics
+///
+/// The reported version on macOS might be 10.16 if the SDK version of the binary is less than 11.0.
+/// This is a workaround that Apple implemented to handle applications that assumed that macOS
+/// versions would always start with "10", see:
+/// <https://github.com/apple-oss-distributions/xnu/blob/xnu-11215.81.4/libsyscall/wrappers/system-version-compat.c>
+///
+/// It _is_ possible to get the real version regardless of the SDK version of the binary, this is
+/// what Zig does:
+/// <https://github.com/ziglang/zig/blob/0.13.0/lib/std/zig/system/darwin/macos.zig>
+///
+/// We choose to not do that, and instead follow Apple's behaviour here, and return 10.16 when
+/// compiled with an older SDK; the user should instead upgrade their tooling.
+///
+/// NOTE: `rustc` currently doesn't set the right SDK version when linking with ld64, so this will
+/// have the wrong behaviour with `-Clinker=ld` on x86_64. But that's a `rustc` bug:
+/// <https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/129432>
+#[inline]
+fn current_version() -> OSVersion {
+    // Cache the lookup for performance.
+    //
+    // 0.0.0 is never going to be a valid version ("vtool" reports "n/a" on 0 versions), so we use
+    // that as our sentinel value.
+    static CURRENT_VERSION: AtomicU32 = AtomicU32::new(0);
+
+    // We use relaxed atomics instead of e.g. a `Once`, it doesn't matter if multiple threads end up
+    // racing to read or write the version, `lookup_version` should be idempotent and always return
+    // the same value.
+    //
+    // `compiler-rt` uses `dispatch_once`, but that's overkill for the reasons above.
+    let version = CURRENT_VERSION.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+    if version == 0 {
+        let version = lookup_version().get();
+        CURRENT_VERSION.store(version, Ordering::Relaxed);
+        version
+    } else {
+        version
+    }
+}
+
+/// Look up the os version.
+///
+/// # Aborts
+///
+/// Aborts if reading or parsing the version fails (or if the system was out of memory).
+///
+/// We deliberately choose to abort, as having this silently return an invalid OS version would be
+/// impossible for a user to debug.
+// The lookup is costly and should be on the cold path because of the cache in `current_version`.
+#[cold]
+// Micro-optimization: We use `extern "C"` to abort on panic, allowing `current_version` (inlined)
+// to be free of unwind handling. Aborting is required for `__isPlatformVersionAtLeast` anyhow.
+extern "C" fn lookup_version() -> NonZero<OSVersion> {
+    // Try to read from `sysctl` first (faster), but if that fails, fall back to reading the
+    // property list (this is roughly what `_availability_version_check` does internally).
+    let version = version_from_sysctl().unwrap_or_else(version_from_plist);
+
+    // Use `NonZero` to try to make it clearer to the optimizer that this will never return 0.
+    NonZero::new(version).expect("version cannot be 0.0.0")
+}
+
+/// Read the version from `kern.osproductversion` or `kern.iossupportversion`.
+///
+/// This is faster than `version_from_plist`, since it doesn't need to invoke `dlsym`.
+fn version_from_sysctl() -> Option<OSVersion> {
+    // This won't work in the simulator, as `kern.osproductversion` returns the host macOS version,
+    // and `kern.iossupportversion` returns the host macOS' iOSSupportVersion (while you can run
+    // simulators with many different iOS versions).
+    if cfg!(target_abi = "sim") {
+        // Fall back to `version_from_plist` on these targets.
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    let sysctl_version = |name: &CStr| {
+        let mut buf: [u8; 32] = [0; 32];
+        let mut size = buf.len();
+        let ptr = buf.as_mut_ptr().cast();
+        let ret = unsafe { libc::sysctlbyname(name.as_ptr(), ptr, &mut size, null_mut(), 0) };
+        if ret != 0 {
+            // This sysctl is not available.
+            return None;
+        }
+        let buf = &buf[..(size - 1)];
+
+        if buf.is_empty() {
+            // The buffer may be empty when using `kern.iossupportversion` on an actual iOS device,
+            // or on visionOS when running under "Designed for iPad".
+            //
+            // In that case, fall back to `kern.osproductversion`.
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        Some(parse_os_version(buf).unwrap_or_else(|err| {
+            panic!("failed parsing version from sysctl ({}): {err}", ByteStr::new(buf))
+        }))
+    };
+
+    // When `target_os = "ios"`, we may be in many different states:
+    // - Native iOS device.
+    // - iOS Simulator.
+    // - Mac Catalyst.
+    // - Mac + "Designed for iPad".
+    // - Native visionOS device + "Designed for iPad".
+    // - visionOS simulator + "Designed for iPad".
+    //
+    // Of these, only native, Mac Catalyst and simulators can be differentiated at compile-time
+    // (with `target_abi = ""`, `target_abi = "macabi"` and `target_abi = "sim"` respectively).
+    //
+    // That is, "Designed for iPad" will act as iOS at compile-time, but the `ProductVersion` will
+    // still be the host macOS or visionOS version.
+    //
+    // Furthermore, we can't even reliably differentiate between these at runtime, since
+    // `dyld_get_active_platform` isn't publicly available.
+    //
+    // Fortunately, we won't need to know any of that; we can simply attempt to get the
+    // `iOSSupportVersion` (which may be set on native iOS too, but then it will be set to the host
+    // iOS version), and if that fails, fall back to the `ProductVersion`.
+    if cfg!(target_os = "ios") {
+        // https://github.com/apple-oss-distributions/xnu/blob/xnu-11215.81.4/bsd/kern/kern_sysctl.c#L2077-L2100
+        if let Some(ios_support_version) = sysctl_version(c"kern.iossupportversion") {
+            return Some(ios_support_version);
+        }
+
+        // On Mac Catalyst, if we failed looking up `iOSSupportVersion`, we don't want to
+        // accidentally fall back to `ProductVersion`.
+        if cfg!(target_abi = "macabi") {
+            return None;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Introduced in macOS 10.13.4.
+    // https://github.com/apple-oss-distributions/xnu/blob/xnu-11215.81.4/bsd/kern/kern_sysctl.c#L2015-L2051
+    sysctl_version(c"kern.osproductversion")
+}
+
+/// Look up the current OS version(s) from `/System/Library/CoreServices/SystemVersion.plist`.
+///
+/// More specifically, from the `ProductVersion` and `iOSSupportVersion` keys, and from
+/// `$IPHONE_SIMULATOR_ROOT/System/Library/CoreServices/SystemVersion.plist` on the simulator.
+///
+/// This file was introduced in macOS 10.3, which is well below the minimum supported version by
+/// `rustc`, which is (at the time of writing) macOS 10.12.
+///
+/// # Implementation
+///
+/// We do roughly the same thing in here as `compiler-rt`, and dynamically look up CoreFoundation
+/// utilities for parsing PLists (to avoid having to re-implement that in here, as pulling in a full
+/// PList parser into `std` seems costly).
+///
+/// If this is found to be undesirable, we _could_ possibly hack it by parsing the PList manually
+/// (it seems to use the plain-text "xml1" encoding/format in all versions), but that seems brittle.
+fn version_from_plist() -> OSVersion {
+    // Read `SystemVersion.plist`. Always present on Apple platforms, reading it cannot fail.
+    let path = root_relative("/System/Library/CoreServices/SystemVersion.plist");
+    let plist_buffer = fs::read(&path).unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("failed reading {path:?}: {e}"));
+    let cf_handle = CFHandle::new();
+    parse_version_from_plist(&cf_handle, &plist_buffer)
+}
+
+/// Parse OS version from the given PList.
+///
+/// Split out from [`version_from_plist`] to allow for testing.
+fn parse_version_from_plist(cf_handle: &CFHandle, plist_buffer: &[u8]) -> OSVersion {
+    let plist_data = unsafe {
+        cf_handle.CFDataCreateWithBytesNoCopy(
+            kCFAllocatorDefault,
+            plist_buffer.as_ptr(),
+            plist_buffer.len() as CFIndex,
+            cf_handle.kCFAllocatorNull(),
+        )
+    };
+    assert!(!plist_data.is_null(), "failed creating CFData");
+    let _plist_data_release = Deferred(|| unsafe { cf_handle.CFRelease(plist_data) });
+
+    let plist = unsafe {
+        cf_handle.CFPropertyListCreateWithData(
+            kCFAllocatorDefault,
+            plist_data,
+            kCFPropertyListImmutable,
+            null_mut(), // Don't care about the format of the PList.
+            null_mut(), // Don't care about the error data.
+        )
+    };
+    assert!(!plist.is_null(), "failed reading PList in SystemVersion.plist");
+    let _plist_release = Deferred(|| unsafe { cf_handle.CFRelease(plist) });
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        unsafe { cf_handle.CFGetTypeID(plist) },
+        unsafe { cf_handle.CFDictionaryGetTypeID() },
+        "SystemVersion.plist did not contain a dictionary at the top level"
+    );
+    let plist: CFDictionaryRef = plist.cast();
+
+    // Same logic as in `version_from_sysctl`.
+    if cfg!(target_os = "ios") {
+        if let Some(ios_support_version) =
+            unsafe { string_version_key(cf_handle, plist, c"iOSSupportVersion") }
+        {
+            return ios_support_version;
+        }
+
+        // Force Mac Catalyst to use iOSSupportVersion (do not fall back to ProductVersion).
+        if cfg!(target_abi = "macabi") {
+            panic!("expected iOSSupportVersion in SystemVersion.plist");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // On all other platforms, we can find the OS version by simply looking at `ProductVersion`.
+    unsafe { string_version_key(cf_handle, plist, c"ProductVersion") }
+        .expect("expected ProductVersion in SystemVersion.plist")
+}
+
+/// Look up a string key in a CFDictionary, and convert it to an [`OSVersion`].
+unsafe fn string_version_key(
+    cf_handle: &CFHandle,
+    plist: CFDictionaryRef,
+    lookup_key: &CStr,
+) -> Option<OSVersion> {
+    let cf_lookup_key = unsafe {
+        cf_handle.CFStringCreateWithCStringNoCopy(
+            kCFAllocatorDefault,
+            lookup_key.as_ptr(),
+            kCFStringEncodingUTF8,
+            cf_handle.kCFAllocatorNull(),
+        )
+    };
+    assert!(!cf_lookup_key.is_null(), "failed creating CFString");
+    let _lookup_key_release = Deferred(|| unsafe { cf_handle.CFRelease(cf_lookup_key) });
+
+    let value: CFTypeRef =
+        unsafe { cf_handle.CFDictionaryGetValue(plist, cf_lookup_key) }.cast_mut();
+    // `CFDictionaryGetValue` is a "getter", so we should not release,
+    // the value is held alive internally by the CFDictionary, see:
+    // https://developer.apple.com/library/archive/documentation/Cocoa/Conceptual/MemoryMgmt/Articles/mmPractical.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40004447-SW12
+    if value.is_null() {
+        return None;
+    }
+
+    assert_eq!(
+        unsafe { cf_handle.CFGetTypeID(value) },
+        unsafe { cf_handle.CFStringGetTypeID() },
+        "key in SystemVersion.plist must be a string"
+    );
+    let value: CFStringRef = value.cast();
+
+    let mut version_str = [0u8; 32];
+    let ret = unsafe {
+        cf_handle.CFStringGetCString(
+            value,
+            version_str.as_mut_ptr().cast::<c_char>(),
+            version_str.len() as CFIndex,
+            kCFStringEncodingUTF8,
+        )
+    };
+    assert_ne!(ret, 0, "failed getting string from CFString");
+
+    let version_str =
+        CStr::from_bytes_until_nul(&version_str).expect("failed converting CFString to CStr");
+
+    Some(parse_os_version(version_str.to_bytes()).unwrap_or_else(|err| {
+        panic!(
+            "failed parsing version from PList ({}): {err}",
+            ByteStr::new(version_str.to_bytes())
+        )
+    }))
+}
+
+/// Parse an OS version from a bytestring like b"10.1" or b"14.3.7".
+fn parse_os_version(version: &[u8]) -> Result<OSVersion, ParseIntError> {
+    if let Some((major, minor)) = version.split_once(|&b| b == b'.') {
+        let major = u16::from_ascii(major)?;
+        if let Some((minor, patch)) = minor.split_once(|&b| b == b'.') {
+            let minor = u8::from_ascii(minor)?;
+            let patch = u8::from_ascii(patch)?;
+            Ok(pack_os_version(major, minor, patch))
+        } else {
+            let minor = u8::from_ascii(minor)?;
+            Ok(pack_os_version(major, minor, 0))
+        }
+    } else {
+        let major = u16::from_ascii(version)?;
+        Ok(pack_os_version(major, 0, 0))
+    }
+}
+
+/// Get a path relative to the root directory in which all files for the current env are located.
+fn root_relative(path: &str) -> Cow<'_, Path> {
+    if cfg!(target_abi = "sim") {
+        let mut root = PathBuf::from(env::var_os("IPHONE_SIMULATOR_ROOT").expect(
+            "environment variable `IPHONE_SIMULATOR_ROOT` must be set when executing under simulator",
+        ));
+        // Convert absolute path to relative path, to make the `.push` work as expected.
+        root.push(Path::new(path).strip_prefix("/").unwrap());
+        root.into()
+    } else {
+        Path::new(path).into()
+    }
+}
+
+struct Deferred<F: FnMut()>(F);
+
+impl<F: FnMut()> Drop for Deferred<F> {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        (self.0)();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/platform_version/darwin/public_extern.rs b/library/std/src/sys/platform_version/darwin/public_extern.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..967cdb4920f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/platform_version/darwin/public_extern.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+//! # Runtime version checking ABI for other compilers.
+//!
+//! The symbols in this file are useful for us to expose to allow linking code written in the
+//! following languages when using their version checking functionality:
+//! - Clang's `__builtin_available` macro.
+//! - Objective-C's `@available`.
+//! - Swift's `#available`,
+//!
+//! Without Rust exposing these symbols, the user would encounter a linker error when linking to
+//! C/Objective-C/Swift libraries using these features.
+//!
+//! The presence of these symbols is mostly considered a quality-of-implementation detail, and
+//! should not be relied upon to be available. The intended effect is that linking with code built
+//! with Clang's `__builtin_available` (or similar) will continue to work. For example, we may
+//! decide to remove `__isOSVersionAtLeast` if support for Clang 11 (Xcode 11) is dropped.
+//!
+//! ## Background
+//!
+//! The original discussion of this feature can be found at:
+//! - <https://lists.llvm.org/pipermail/cfe-dev/2016-July/049851.html>
+//! - <https://reviews.llvm.org/D27827>
+//! - <https://reviews.llvm.org/D30136>
+//!
+//! And the upstream implementation of these can be found in `compiler-rt`:
+//! <https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/llvmorg-20.1.0/compiler-rt/lib/builtins/os_version_check.c>
+//!
+//! Ideally, these symbols should probably have been a part of Apple's `libSystem.dylib`, both
+//! because their implementation is quite complex, using allocation, environment variables, file
+//! access and dynamic library loading (and emitting all of this into every binary).
+//!
+//! The reason why Apple chose to not do that originally is lost to the sands of time, but a good
+//! reason would be that implementing it as part of `compiler-rt` allowed them to back-deploy this
+//! to older OSes immediately.
+//!
+//! In Rust's case, while we may provide a feature similar to `@available` in the future, we will
+//! probably do so as a macro exposed by `std` (and not as a compiler builtin). So implementing this
+//! in `std` makes sense, since then we can implement it using `std` utilities, and we can avoid
+//! having `compiler-builtins` depend on `libSystem.dylib`.
+//!
+//! This does mean that users that attempt to link C/Objective-C/Swift code _and_ use `#![no_std]`
+//! in all their crates may get a linker error because these symbols are missing. Using `no_std` is
+//! quite uncommon on Apple systems though, so it's probably fine to not support this use-case.
+//!
+//! The workaround would be to link `libclang_rt.osx.a` or otherwise use Clang's `compiler-rt`.
+//!
+//! See also discussion in <https://github.com/rust-lang/compiler-builtins/pull/794>.
+//!
+//! ## Implementation details
+//!
+//! NOTE: Since macOS 10.15, `libSystem.dylib` _has_ actually provided the undocumented
+//! `_availability_version_check` via `libxpc` for doing the version lookup (zippered, which is why
+//! it requires a platform parameter to differentiate between macOS and Mac Catalyst), though its
+//! usage may be a bit dangerous, see:
+//! - <https://reviews.llvm.org/D150397>
+//! - <https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/issues/64227>
+//!
+//! Besides, we'd need to implement the version lookup via PList to support older versions anyhow,
+//! so we might as well use that everywhere (since it can also be optimized more after inlining).
+
+#![allow(non_snake_case)]
+
+use super::{current_version, pack_i32_os_version};
+
+/// Whether the current platform's OS version is higher than or equal to the given version.
+///
+/// The first argument is the _base_ Mach-O platform (i.e. `PLATFORM_MACOS`, `PLATFORM_IOS`, etc.,
+/// but not `PLATFORM_IOSSIMULATOR` or `PLATFORM_MACCATALYST`) of the invoking binary.
+///
+/// Arguments are specified statically by Clang. Inlining with LTO should allow the versions to be
+/// combined into a single `u32`, which should make comparisons faster, and should make the
+/// `BASE_TARGET_PLATFORM` check a no-op.
+//
+// SAFETY: The signature is the same as what Clang expects, and we export weakly to allow linking
+// both this and `libclang_rt.*.a`, similar to how `compiler-builtins` does it:
+// https://github.com/rust-lang/compiler-builtins/blob/0.1.113/src/macros.rs#L494
+//
+// NOTE: This symbol has a workaround in the compiler's symbol mangling to avoid mangling it, while
+// still not exposing it from non-cdylib (like `#[no_mangle]` would).
+#[rustc_std_internal_symbol]
+// extern "C" is correct, Clang assumes the function cannot unwind:
+// https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/llvmorg-20.1.0/clang/lib/CodeGen/CGObjC.cpp#L3980
+//
+// If an error happens in this, we instead abort the process.
+pub(super) extern "C" fn __isPlatformVersionAtLeast(
+    platform: i32,
+    major: i32,
+    minor: i32,
+    subminor: i32,
+) -> i32 {
+    let version = pack_i32_os_version(major, minor, subminor);
+
+    // Mac Catalyst is a technology that allows macOS to run in a different "mode" that closely
+    // resembles iOS (and has iOS libraries like UIKit available).
+    //
+    // (Apple has added a "Designed for iPad" mode later on that allows running iOS apps
+    // natively, but we don't need to think too much about those, since they link to
+    // iOS-specific system binaries as well).
+    //
+    // To support Mac Catalyst, Apple added the concept of a "zippered" binary, which is a single
+    // binary that can be run on both macOS and Mac Catalyst (has two `LC_BUILD_VERSION` Mach-O
+    // commands, one set to `PLATFORM_MACOS` and one to `PLATFORM_MACCATALYST`).
+    //
+    // Most system libraries are zippered, which allows re-use across macOS and Mac Catalyst.
+    // This includes the `libclang_rt.osx.a` shipped with Xcode! This means that `compiler-rt`
+    // can't statically know whether it's compiled for macOS or Mac Catalyst, and thus this new
+    // API (which replaces `__isOSVersionAtLeast`) is needed.
+    //
+    // In short:
+    //      normal  binary calls  normal  compiler-rt --> `__isOSVersionAtLeast` was enough
+    //      normal  binary calls zippered compiler-rt --> `__isPlatformVersionAtLeast` required
+    //     zippered binary calls zippered compiler-rt --> `__isPlatformOrVariantPlatformVersionAtLeast` called
+
+    // FIXME(madsmtm): `rustc` doesn't support zippered binaries yet, see rust-lang/rust#131216.
+    // But once it does, we need the pre-compiled `std` shipped with rustup to be zippered, and thus
+    // we also need to handle the `platform` difference here:
+    //
+    // if cfg!(target_os = "macos") && platform == 2 /* PLATFORM_IOS */ && cfg!(zippered) {
+    //     return (version.to_u32() <= current_ios_version()) as i32;
+    // }
+    //
+    // `__isPlatformOrVariantPlatformVersionAtLeast` would also need to be implemented.
+
+    // The base Mach-O platform for the current target.
+    const BASE_TARGET_PLATFORM: i32 = if cfg!(target_os = "macos") {
+        1 // PLATFORM_MACOS
+    } else if cfg!(target_os = "ios") {
+        2 // PLATFORM_IOS
+    } else if cfg!(target_os = "tvos") {
+        3 // PLATFORM_TVOS
+    } else if cfg!(target_os = "watchos") {
+        4 // PLATFORM_WATCHOS
+    } else if cfg!(target_os = "visionos") {
+        11 // PLATFORM_VISIONOS
+    } else {
+        0 // PLATFORM_UNKNOWN
+    };
+    debug_assert_eq!(
+        platform, BASE_TARGET_PLATFORM,
+        "invalid platform provided to __isPlatformVersionAtLeast",
+    );
+
+    (version <= current_version()) as i32
+}
+
+/// Old entry point for availability. Used when compiling with older Clang versions.
+// SAFETY: Same as for `__isPlatformVersionAtLeast`.
+#[rustc_std_internal_symbol]
+pub(super) extern "C" fn __isOSVersionAtLeast(major: i32, minor: i32, subminor: i32) -> i32 {
+    let version = pack_i32_os_version(major, minor, subminor);
+    (version <= current_version()) as i32
+}
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/platform_version/darwin/tests.rs b/library/std/src/sys/platform_version/darwin/tests.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..76dc4482c98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/platform_version/darwin/tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,379 @@
+use super::public_extern::*;
+use super::*;
+use crate::process::Command;
+
+#[test]
+fn test_general_available() {
+    // Lowest version always available.
+    assert_eq!(__isOSVersionAtLeast(0, 0, 0), 1);
+    // This high version never available.
+    assert_eq!(__isOSVersionAtLeast(9999, 99, 99), 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn test_saturating() {
+    // Higher version than supported by OSVersion -> make sure we saturate.
+    assert_eq!(__isOSVersionAtLeast(0x10000, 0, 0), 0);
+}
+
+#[test]
+#[cfg_attr(not(target_os = "macos"), ignore = "`sw_vers` is only available on host macOS")]
+fn compare_against_sw_vers() {
+    let sw_vers = Command::new("sw_vers").arg("-productVersion").output().unwrap().stdout;
+    let sw_vers = String::from_utf8(sw_vers).unwrap();
+    let mut sw_vers = sw_vers.trim().split('.');
+
+    let major: i32 = sw_vers.next().unwrap().parse().unwrap();
+    let minor: i32 = sw_vers.next().unwrap_or("0").parse().unwrap();
+    let subminor: i32 = sw_vers.next().unwrap_or("0").parse().unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(sw_vers.count(), 0);
+
+    // Current version is available
+    assert_eq!(__isOSVersionAtLeast(major, minor, subminor), 1);
+
+    // One lower is available
+    assert_eq!(__isOSVersionAtLeast(major, minor, subminor.saturating_sub(1)), 1);
+    assert_eq!(__isOSVersionAtLeast(major, minor.saturating_sub(1), subminor), 1);
+    assert_eq!(__isOSVersionAtLeast(major.saturating_sub(1), minor, subminor), 1);
+
+    // One higher isn't available
+    assert_eq!(__isOSVersionAtLeast(major, minor, subminor + 1), 0);
+    assert_eq!(__isOSVersionAtLeast(major, minor + 1, subminor), 0);
+    assert_eq!(__isOSVersionAtLeast(major + 1, minor, subminor), 0);
+
+    // Test directly against the lookup
+    assert_eq!(lookup_version().get(), pack_os_version(major as _, minor as _, subminor as _));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn sysctl_same_as_in_plist() {
+    if let Some(version) = version_from_sysctl() {
+        assert_eq!(version, version_from_plist());
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn lookup_idempotent() {
+    let version = lookup_version();
+    for _ in 0..10 {
+        assert_eq!(version, lookup_version());
+    }
+}
+
+/// Test parsing a bunch of different PLists found in the wild, to ensure that
+/// if we decide to parse it without CoreFoundation in the future, that it
+/// would continue to work, even on older platforms.
+#[test]
+fn parse_plist() {
+    #[track_caller]
+    fn check(
+        (major, minor, patch): (u16, u8, u8),
+        ios_version: Option<(u16, u8, u8)>,
+        plist: &str,
+    ) {
+        let expected = if cfg!(target_os = "ios") {
+            if let Some((ios_major, ios_minor, ios_patch)) = ios_version {
+                pack_os_version(ios_major, ios_minor, ios_patch)
+            } else if cfg!(target_abi = "macabi") {
+                // Skip checking iOS version on Mac Catalyst.
+                return;
+            } else {
+                // iOS version will be parsed from ProductVersion
+                pack_os_version(major, minor, patch)
+            }
+        } else {
+            pack_os_version(major, minor, patch)
+        };
+        let cf_handle = CFHandle::new();
+        assert_eq!(expected, parse_version_from_plist(&cf_handle, plist.as_bytes()));
+    }
+
+    // macOS 10.3.0
+    let plist = r#"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+        <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple Computer//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+        <plist version="1.0">
+        <dict>
+            <key>ProductBuildVersion</key>
+            <string>7B85</string>
+            <key>ProductCopyright</key>
+            <string>Apple Computer, Inc. 1983-2003</string>
+            <key>ProductName</key>
+            <string>Mac OS X</string>
+            <key>ProductUserVisibleVersion</key>
+            <string>10.3</string>
+            <key>ProductVersion</key>
+            <string>10.3</string>
+        </dict>
+        </plist>
+    "#;
+    check((10, 3, 0), None, plist);
+
+    // macOS 10.7.5
+    let plist = r#"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+        <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+        <plist version="1.0">
+        <dict>
+            <key>ProductBuildVersion</key>
+            <string>11G63</string>
+            <key>ProductCopyright</key>
+            <string>1983-2012 Apple Inc.</string>
+            <key>ProductName</key>
+            <string>Mac OS X</string>
+            <key>ProductUserVisibleVersion</key>
+            <string>10.7.5</string>
+            <key>ProductVersion</key>
+            <string>10.7.5</string>
+        </dict>
+        </plist>
+    "#;
+    check((10, 7, 5), None, plist);
+
+    // macOS 14.7.4
+    let plist = r#"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+        <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+        <plist version="1.0">
+        <dict>
+            <key>BuildID</key>
+            <string>6A558D8A-E2EA-11EF-A1D3-6222CAA672A8</string>
+            <key>ProductBuildVersion</key>
+            <string>23H420</string>
+            <key>ProductCopyright</key>
+            <string>1983-2025 Apple Inc.</string>
+            <key>ProductName</key>
+            <string>macOS</string>
+            <key>ProductUserVisibleVersion</key>
+            <string>14.7.4</string>
+            <key>ProductVersion</key>
+            <string>14.7.4</string>
+            <key>iOSSupportVersion</key>
+            <string>17.7</string>
+        </dict>
+        </plist>
+    "#;
+    check((14, 7, 4), Some((17, 7, 0)), plist);
+
+    // SystemVersionCompat.plist on macOS 14.7.4
+    let plist = r#"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+        <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+        <plist version="1.0">
+        <dict>
+            <key>BuildID</key>
+            <string>6A558D8A-E2EA-11EF-A1D3-6222CAA672A8</string>
+            <key>ProductBuildVersion</key>
+            <string>23H420</string>
+            <key>ProductCopyright</key>
+            <string>1983-2025 Apple Inc.</string>
+            <key>ProductName</key>
+            <string>Mac OS X</string>
+            <key>ProductUserVisibleVersion</key>
+            <string>10.16</string>
+            <key>ProductVersion</key>
+            <string>10.16</string>
+            <key>iOSSupportVersion</key>
+            <string>17.7</string>
+        </dict>
+        </plist>
+    "#;
+    check((10, 16, 0), Some((17, 7, 0)), plist);
+
+    // macOS 15.4 Beta 24E5238a
+    let plist = r#"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+        <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+        <plist version="1.0">
+        <dict>
+            <key>BuildID</key>
+            <string>67A50F62-00DA-11F0-BDB6-F99BB8310D2A</string>
+            <key>ProductBuildVersion</key>
+            <string>24E5238a</string>
+            <key>ProductCopyright</key>
+            <string>1983-2025 Apple Inc.</string>
+            <key>ProductName</key>
+            <string>macOS</string>
+            <key>ProductUserVisibleVersion</key>
+            <string>15.4</string>
+            <key>ProductVersion</key>
+            <string>15.4</string>
+            <key>iOSSupportVersion</key>
+            <string>18.4</string>
+        </dict>
+        </plist>
+    "#;
+    check((15, 4, 0), Some((18, 4, 0)), plist);
+
+    // iOS Simulator 17.5
+    let plist = r#"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+        <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+        <plist version="1.0">
+        <dict>
+            <key>BuildID</key>
+            <string>210B8A2C-09C3-11EF-9DB8-273A64AEFA1C</string>
+            <key>ProductBuildVersion</key>
+            <string>21F79</string>
+            <key>ProductCopyright</key>
+            <string>1983-2024 Apple Inc.</string>
+            <key>ProductName</key>
+            <string>iPhone OS</string>
+            <key>ProductVersion</key>
+            <string>17.5</string>
+        </dict>
+        </plist>
+    "#;
+    check((17, 5, 0), None, plist);
+
+    // visionOS Simulator 2.3
+    let plist = r#"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+        <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+        <plist version="1.0">
+        <dict>
+            <key>BuildID</key>
+            <string>57CEFDE6-D079-11EF-837C-8B8C7961D0AC</string>
+            <key>ProductBuildVersion</key>
+            <string>22N895</string>
+            <key>ProductCopyright</key>
+            <string>1983-2025 Apple Inc.</string>
+            <key>ProductName</key>
+            <string>xrOS</string>
+            <key>ProductVersion</key>
+            <string>2.3</string>
+            <key>SystemImageID</key>
+            <string>D332C7F1-08DF-4DD9-8122-94EF39A1FB92</string>
+            <key>iOSSupportVersion</key>
+            <string>18.3</string>
+        </dict>
+        </plist>
+    "#;
+    check((2, 3, 0), Some((18, 3, 0)), plist);
+
+    // tvOS Simulator 18.2
+    let plist = r#"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+        <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+        <plist version="1.0">
+        <dict>
+            <key>BuildID</key>
+            <string>617587B0-B059-11EF-BE70-4380EDE44645</string>
+            <key>ProductBuildVersion</key>
+            <string>22K154</string>
+            <key>ProductCopyright</key>
+            <string>1983-2024 Apple Inc.</string>
+            <key>ProductName</key>
+            <string>Apple TVOS</string>
+            <key>ProductVersion</key>
+            <string>18.2</string>
+            <key>SystemImageID</key>
+            <string>8BB5A425-33F0-4821-9F93-40E7ED92F4E0</string>
+        </dict>
+        </plist>
+    "#;
+    check((18, 2, 0), None, plist);
+
+    // watchOS Simulator 11.2
+    let plist = r#"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+        <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+        <plist version="1.0">
+        <dict>
+            <key>BuildID</key>
+            <string>BAAE2D54-B122-11EF-BF78-C6C6836B724A</string>
+            <key>ProductBuildVersion</key>
+            <string>22S99</string>
+            <key>ProductCopyright</key>
+            <string>1983-2024 Apple Inc.</string>
+            <key>ProductName</key>
+            <string>Watch OS</string>
+            <key>ProductVersion</key>
+            <string>11.2</string>
+            <key>SystemImageID</key>
+            <string>79F773E2-2041-43B4-98EE-FAE52402AE95</string>
+        </dict>
+        </plist>
+    "#;
+    check((11, 2, 0), None, plist);
+
+    // iOS 9.3.6
+    let plist = r#"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+        <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+        <plist version="1.0">
+        <dict>
+            <key>ProductBuildVersion</key>
+            <string>13G37</string>
+            <key>ProductCopyright</key>
+            <string>1983-2019 Apple Inc.</string>
+            <key>ProductName</key>
+            <string>iPhone OS</string>
+            <key>ProductVersion</key>
+            <string>9.3.6</string>
+        </dict>
+        </plist>
+    "#;
+    check((9, 3, 6), None, plist);
+}
+
+#[test]
+#[should_panic = "SystemVersion.plist did not contain a dictionary at the top level"]
+fn invalid_plist() {
+    let cf_handle = CFHandle::new();
+    let _ = parse_version_from_plist(&cf_handle, b"INVALID");
+}
+
+#[test]
+#[cfg_attr(
+    target_abi = "macabi",
+    should_panic = "expected iOSSupportVersion in SystemVersion.plist"
+)]
+#[cfg_attr(
+    not(target_abi = "macabi"),
+    should_panic = "expected ProductVersion in SystemVersion.plist"
+)]
+fn empty_plist() {
+    let plist = r#"<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+        <!DOCTYPE plist PUBLIC "-//Apple//DTD PLIST 1.0//EN" "http://www.apple.com/DTDs/PropertyList-1.0.dtd">
+        <plist version="1.0">
+        <dict>
+        </dict>
+        </plist>
+    "#;
+    let cf_handle = CFHandle::new();
+    let _ = parse_version_from_plist(&cf_handle, plist.as_bytes());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn parse_version() {
+    #[track_caller]
+    fn check(major: u16, minor: u8, patch: u8, version: &str) {
+        assert_eq!(
+            pack_os_version(major, minor, patch),
+            parse_os_version(version.as_bytes()).unwrap()
+        )
+    }
+
+    check(0, 0, 0, "0");
+    check(0, 0, 0, "0.0.0");
+    check(1, 0, 0, "1");
+    check(1, 2, 0, "1.2");
+    check(1, 2, 3, "1.2.3");
+    check(9999, 99, 99, "9999.99.99");
+
+    // Check leading zeroes
+    check(10, 0, 0, "010");
+    check(10, 20, 0, "010.020");
+    check(10, 20, 30, "010.020.030");
+    check(10000, 100, 100, "000010000.00100.00100");
+
+    // Too many parts
+    assert!(parse_os_version(b"1.2.3.4").is_err());
+
+    // Empty
+    assert!(parse_os_version(b"").is_err());
+
+    // Invalid digit
+    assert!(parse_os_version(b"A.B").is_err());
+
+    // Missing digits
+    assert!(parse_os_version(b".").is_err());
+    assert!(parse_os_version(b".1").is_err());
+    assert!(parse_os_version(b"1.").is_err());
+
+    // Too large
+    assert!(parse_os_version(b"100000").is_err());
+    assert!(parse_os_version(b"1.1000").is_err());
+    assert!(parse_os_version(b"1.1.1000").is_err());
+}
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/platform_version/mod.rs b/library/std/src/sys/platform_version/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..88896c97ea3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/platform_version/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+//! Runtime lookup of operating system / platform version.
+//!
+//! Related to [RFC 3750](https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/3750), which
+//! does version detection at compile-time.
+//!
+//! See also the `os_info` crate.
+
+#[cfg(target_vendor = "apple")]
+mod darwin;
+
+// In the future, we could expand this module with:
+// - `RtlGetVersion` on Windows.
+// - `__system_property_get` on Android.
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/random/mod.rs b/library/std/src/sys/random/mod.rs
index a7fbae86099..1e0eec07b50 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/random/mod.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/random/mod.rs
@@ -86,9 +86,13 @@ cfg_select! {
         mod vxworks;
         pub use vxworks::fill_bytes;
     }
-    target_os = "wasi" => {
-        mod wasi;
-        pub use wasi::fill_bytes;
+    all(target_os = "wasi", target_env = "p1") => {
+        mod wasip1;
+        pub use wasip1::fill_bytes;
+    }
+    all(target_os = "wasi", target_env = "p2") => {
+        mod wasip2;
+        pub use wasip2::{fill_bytes, hashmap_random_keys};
     }
     target_os = "zkvm" => {
         mod zkvm;
@@ -110,6 +114,7 @@ cfg_select! {
     target_os = "linux",
     target_os = "android",
     all(target_family = "wasm", target_os = "unknown"),
+    all(target_os = "wasi", target_env = "p2"),
     target_os = "xous",
 )))]
 pub fn hashmap_random_keys() -> (u64, u64) {
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/random/wasi.rs b/library/std/src/sys/random/wasip1.rs
index d41da3751fc..d41da3751fc 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/random/wasi.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/random/wasip1.rs
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/random/wasip2.rs b/library/std/src/sys/random/wasip2.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..a67c8a6428d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/random/wasip2.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+pub fn fill_bytes(bytes: &mut [u8]) {
+    bytes.copy_from_slice(&wasip2::random::random::get_random_bytes(
+        u64::try_from(bytes.len()).unwrap(),
+    ));
+}
+
+pub fn hashmap_random_keys() -> (u64, u64) {
+    wasip2::random::insecure_seed::insecure_seed()
+}
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/stdio/mod.rs b/library/std/src/sys/stdio/mod.rs
index 314f226f07b..7436e4d9de4 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/stdio/mod.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/stdio/mod.rs
@@ -29,9 +29,13 @@ cfg_select! {
         mod uefi;
         pub use uefi::*;
     }
-    target_os = "wasi" => {
-        mod wasi;
-        pub use wasi::*;
+    all(target_os = "wasi", target_env = "p1") => {
+        mod wasip1;
+        pub use wasip1::*;
+    }
+    all(target_os = "wasi", target_env = "p2") => {
+        mod wasip2;
+        pub use wasip2::*;
     }
     target_os = "xous" => {
         mod xous;
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/stdio/wasi.rs b/library/std/src/sys/stdio/wasip1.rs
index b70efd026f9..b70efd026f9 100644
--- a/library/std/src/sys/stdio/wasi.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/stdio/wasip1.rs
diff --git a/library/std/src/sys/stdio/wasip2.rs b/library/std/src/sys/stdio/wasip2.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1fcb49a083d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/library/std/src/sys/stdio/wasip2.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+use wasip2::cli;
+use wasip2::io::streams::{Error, InputStream, OutputStream, StreamError};
+
+use crate::io::{self, BorrowedBuf, BorrowedCursor};
+
+pub struct Stdin(Option<InputStream>);
+pub struct Stdout(Option<OutputStream>);
+pub struct Stderr(Option<OutputStream>);
+
+fn error_to_io(err: Error) -> io::Error {
+    // There exists a function in `wasi:filesystem` to optionally acquire an
+    // error code from an error, but the streams in use in this module are
+    // exclusively used with stdio meaning that a filesystem error is not
+    // possible here.
+    //
+    // In lieu of an error code, which WASIp2 does not specify, this instead
+    // carries along the `to_debug_string` implementation that the host
+    // supplies. If this becomes too expensive in the future this could also
+    // become `io::Error::from_raw_os_error(libc::EIO)` or similar.
+    io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::Other, err.to_debug_string())
+}
+
+impl Stdin {
+    pub const fn new() -> Stdin {
+        Stdin(None)
+    }
+
+    fn stream(&mut self) -> &InputStream {
+        self.0.get_or_insert_with(cli::stdin::get_stdin)
+    }
+}
+
+impl io::Read for Stdin {
+    fn read(&mut self, data: &mut [u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        let mut buf = BorrowedBuf::from(data);
+        self.read_buf(buf.unfilled())?;
+        Ok(buf.len())
+    }
+
+    fn read_buf(&mut self, mut buf: BorrowedCursor<'_>) -> io::Result<()> {
+        match self.stream().blocking_read(u64::try_from(buf.capacity()).unwrap()) {
+            Ok(result) => {
+                buf.append(&result);
+                Ok(())
+            }
+            Err(StreamError::Closed) => Ok(()),
+            Err(StreamError::LastOperationFailed(e)) => Err(error_to_io(e)),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Stdout {
+    pub const fn new() -> Stdout {
+        Stdout(None)
+    }
+
+    fn stream(&mut self) -> &OutputStream {
+        self.0.get_or_insert_with(cli::stdout::get_stdout)
+    }
+}
+
+fn write(stream: &OutputStream, buf: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+    // WASIp2's `blocking_write_and_flush` function is defined as accepting no
+    // more than 4096 bytes. Larger writes can be issued by manually using
+    // `check_write`, `write`, and `blocking_flush`, but for now just go ahead
+    // and use `blocking_write_and_flush` and report a short write and let a
+    // higher level loop over the result.
+    const MAX: usize = 4096;
+    let buf = &buf[..buf.len().min(MAX)];
+    match stream.blocking_write_and_flush(buf) {
+        Ok(()) => Ok(buf.len()),
+        Err(StreamError::Closed) => Ok(0),
+        Err(StreamError::LastOperationFailed(e)) => Err(error_to_io(e)),
+    }
+}
+
+impl io::Write for Stdout {
+    fn write(&mut self, data: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        write(self.stream(), data)
+    }
+
+    fn flush(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        // Note that `OutputStream` has a `flush` function but for stdio all
+        // writes are accompanied with a flush which means that this flush
+        // doesn't need to do anything.
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Stderr {
+    pub const fn new() -> Stderr {
+        Stderr(None)
+    }
+
+    fn stream(&mut self) -> &OutputStream {
+        self.0.get_or_insert_with(cli::stderr::get_stderr)
+    }
+}
+
+impl io::Write for Stderr {
+    fn write(&mut self, data: &[u8]) -> io::Result<usize> {
+        write(self.stream(), data)
+    }
+
+    fn flush(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
+        // See `Stdout::flush` for why this is a noop.
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+pub const STDIN_BUF_SIZE: usize = crate::sys::io::DEFAULT_BUF_SIZE;
+
+pub fn is_ebadf(_err: &io::Error) -> bool {
+    // WASIp2 stdio streams are always available so ebadf never shows up.
+    false
+}
+
+pub fn panic_output() -> Option<impl io::Write> {
+    Some(Stderr::new())
+}
diff --git a/library/std/tests/floats/f32.rs b/library/std/tests/floats/f32.rs
index c61a8ec4d20..c29d803b25e 100644
--- a/library/std/tests/floats/f32.rs
+++ b/library/std/tests/floats/f32.rs
@@ -79,8 +79,8 @@ fn test_log() {
     let nan: f32 = f32::NAN;
     let inf: f32 = f32::INFINITY;
     let neg_inf: f32 = f32::NEG_INFINITY;
-    assert_approx_eq!(10.0f32.log(10.0), 1.0, APPROX_DELTA);
-    assert_approx_eq!(2.3f32.log(3.5), 0.664858, APPROX_DELTA);
+    assert_approx_eq!(10.0f32.log(10.0), 1.0);
+    assert_approx_eq!(2.3f32.log(3.5), 0.664858);
     assert_approx_eq!(1.0f32.exp().log(1.0f32.exp()), 1.0, APPROX_DELTA);
     assert!(1.0f32.log(1.0).is_nan());
     assert!(1.0f32.log(-13.9).is_nan());
@@ -140,10 +140,10 @@ fn test_asinh() {
     assert_approx_eq!(2.0f32.asinh(), 1.443635475178810342493276740273105f32);
     assert_approx_eq!((-2.0f32).asinh(), -1.443635475178810342493276740273105f32);
     // regression test for the catastrophic cancellation fixed in 72486
-    assert_approx_eq!((-3000.0f32).asinh(), -8.699514775987968673236893537700647f32);
+    assert_approx_eq!((-3000.0f32).asinh(), -8.699514775987968673236893537700647f32, APPROX_DELTA);
 
     // test for low accuracy from issue 104548
-    assert_approx_eq!(60.0f32, 60.0f32.sinh().asinh());
+    assert_approx_eq!(60.0f32, 60.0f32.sinh().asinh(), APPROX_DELTA);
     // mul needed for approximate comparison to be meaningful
     assert_approx_eq!(1.0f32, 1e-15f32.sinh().asinh() * 1e15f32);
 }
@@ -196,8 +196,8 @@ fn test_gamma() {
     assert_approx_eq!(1.0f32.gamma(), 1.0f32);
     assert_approx_eq!(2.0f32.gamma(), 1.0f32);
     assert_approx_eq!(3.0f32.gamma(), 2.0f32);
-    assert_approx_eq!(4.0f32.gamma(), 6.0f32);
-    assert_approx_eq!(5.0f32.gamma(), 24.0f32);
+    assert_approx_eq!(4.0f32.gamma(), 6.0f32, APPROX_DELTA);
+    assert_approx_eq!(5.0f32.gamma(), 24.0f32, APPROX_DELTA);
     assert_approx_eq!(0.5f32.gamma(), consts::PI.sqrt());
     assert_approx_eq!((-0.5f32).gamma(), -2.0 * consts::PI.sqrt());
     assert_eq!(0.0f32.gamma(), f32::INFINITY);
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ fn test_ln_gamma() {
     assert_eq!(2.0f32.ln_gamma().1, 1);
     assert_approx_eq!(3.0f32.ln_gamma().0, 2.0f32.ln());
     assert_eq!(3.0f32.ln_gamma().1, 1);
-    assert_approx_eq!((-0.5f32).ln_gamma().0, (2.0 * consts::PI.sqrt()).ln());
+    assert_approx_eq!((-0.5f32).ln_gamma().0, (2.0 * consts::PI.sqrt()).ln(), APPROX_DELTA);
     assert_eq!((-0.5f32).ln_gamma().1, -1);
 }
 
diff --git a/library/std/tests/path.rs b/library/std/tests/path.rs
index e1576a0d423..fa76c50597b 100644
--- a/library/std/tests/path.rs
+++ b/library/std/tests/path.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#![feature(clone_to_uninit, path_add_extension, maybe_uninit_slice, normalize_lexically)]
+#![feature(clone_to_uninit, maybe_uninit_slice, normalize_lexically)]
 
 use std::clone::CloneToUninit;
 use std::ffi::OsStr;
@@ -2526,3 +2526,9 @@ fn normalize_lexically() {
         check_err(r"\\?\UNC\server\share\a\..\..");
     }
 }
+
+#[test]
+/// See issue#146183
+fn compare_path_to_str() {
+    assert!(&PathBuf::from("x") == "x");
+}