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-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/bootstrap.py2
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/defaults/bootstrap.dist.toml2
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/check.rs53
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/clippy.rs2
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/compile.rs20
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/dist.rs2
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/doc.rs21
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/gcc.rs2
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/setup.rs4
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/test.rs35
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/tool.rs18
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/builder/cargo.rs14
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/builder/mod.rs8
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/builder/tests.rs206
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/config/config.rs99
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/config/mod.rs12
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/config/tests.rs584
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/config/toml/build.rs2
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/config/toml/mod.rs4
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/config/toml/rust.rs49
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/download.rs20
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/core/sanity.rs9
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/lib.rs44
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/utils/build_stamp.rs2
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/utils/cc_detect.rs10
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/utils/change_tracker.rs10
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/utils/exec.rs6
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/utils/helpers.rs28
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/utils/helpers/tests.rs11
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/utils/render_tests.rs2
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/utils/tarball.rs2
-rw-r--r--src/bootstrap/src/utils/tests/mod.rs53
32 files changed, 662 insertions, 674 deletions
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/bootstrap.py b/src/bootstrap/bootstrap.py
index effd33d288f..8b1775178c9 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/bootstrap.py
+++ b/src/bootstrap/bootstrap.py
@@ -596,6 +596,7 @@ class RustBuild(object):
         self.download_url = (
             os.getenv("RUSTUP_DIST_SERVER") or self.stage0_data["dist_server"]
         )
+        self.jobs = self.get_toml("jobs", "build") or "default"
 
         self.build = args.build or self.build_triple()
 
@@ -1144,6 +1145,7 @@ class RustBuild(object):
         args = [
             self.cargo(),
             "build",
+            "--jobs=" + self.jobs,
             "--manifest-path",
             os.path.join(self.rust_root, "src/bootstrap/Cargo.toml"),
             "-Zroot-dir=" + self.rust_root,
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/defaults/bootstrap.dist.toml b/src/bootstrap/defaults/bootstrap.dist.toml
index b111a20f8d8..bb0592ce947 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/defaults/bootstrap.dist.toml
+++ b/src/bootstrap/defaults/bootstrap.dist.toml
@@ -7,8 +7,6 @@ test-stage = 2
 doc-stage = 2
 # When compiling from source, you usually want all tools.
 extended = true
-# Use libtest built from the source tree instead of the precompiled one from stage 0.
-compiletest-use-stage0-libtest = false
 
 # Most users installing from source want to build all parts of the project from source.
 [llvm]
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/check.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/check.rs
index 043457f64e5..20c54a28dda 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/check.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/check.rs
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ use crate::core::build_steps::compile::{
 };
 use crate::core::build_steps::tool;
 use crate::core::build_steps::tool::{
-    COMPILETEST_ALLOW_FEATURES, SourceType, TEST_FLOAT_PARSE_ALLOW_FEATURES, ToolTargetBuildMode,
-    get_tool_target_compiler, prepare_tool_cargo,
+    SourceType, TEST_FLOAT_PARSE_ALLOW_FEATURES, ToolTargetBuildMode, get_tool_target_compiler,
+    prepare_tool_cargo,
 };
 use crate::core::builder::{
     self, Alias, Builder, Cargo, Kind, RunConfig, ShouldRun, Step, StepMetadata, crate_description,
@@ -654,7 +654,7 @@ macro_rules! tool_check_step {
             // The part of this path after the final '/' is also used as a display name.
             path: $path:literal
             $(, alt_path: $alt_path:literal )*
-            // Closure that returns `Mode` based on the passed `&Builder<'_>`
+            // `Mode` to use when checking this tool
             , mode: $mode:expr
             // Subset of nightly features that are allowed to be used when checking
             $(, allow_features: $allow_features:expr )?
@@ -682,8 +682,7 @@ macro_rules! tool_check_step {
 
             fn make_run(run: RunConfig<'_>) {
                 let target = run.target;
-                let builder = run.builder;
-                let mode = $mode(builder);
+                let mode: Mode = $mode;
 
                 let compiler = prepare_compiler_for_check(run.builder, target, mode);
 
@@ -704,7 +703,7 @@ macro_rules! tool_check_step {
                     _value
                 };
                 let extra_features: &[&str] = &[$($($enable_features),*)?];
-                let mode = $mode(builder);
+                let mode: Mode = $mode;
                 run_tool_check_step(builder, compiler, target, $path, mode, allow_features, extra_features);
             }
 
@@ -767,57 +766,50 @@ fn run_tool_check_step(
 tool_check_step!(Rustdoc {
     path: "src/tools/rustdoc",
     alt_path: "src/librustdoc",
-    mode: |_builder| Mode::ToolRustcPrivate
+    mode: Mode::ToolRustcPrivate
 });
 // Clippy, miri and Rustfmt are hybrids. They are external tools, but use a git subtree instead
 // of a submodule. Since the SourceType only drives the deny-warnings
 // behavior, treat it as in-tree so that any new warnings in clippy will be
 // rejected.
-tool_check_step!(Clippy { path: "src/tools/clippy", mode: |_builder| Mode::ToolRustcPrivate });
-tool_check_step!(Miri { path: "src/tools/miri", mode: |_builder| Mode::ToolRustcPrivate });
-tool_check_step!(CargoMiri {
-    path: "src/tools/miri/cargo-miri",
-    mode: |_builder| Mode::ToolRustcPrivate
-});
-tool_check_step!(Rustfmt { path: "src/tools/rustfmt", mode: |_builder| Mode::ToolRustcPrivate });
+tool_check_step!(Clippy { path: "src/tools/clippy", mode: Mode::ToolRustcPrivate });
+tool_check_step!(Miri { path: "src/tools/miri", mode: Mode::ToolRustcPrivate });
+tool_check_step!(CargoMiri { path: "src/tools/miri/cargo-miri", mode: Mode::ToolRustcPrivate });
+tool_check_step!(Rustfmt { path: "src/tools/rustfmt", mode: Mode::ToolRustcPrivate });
 tool_check_step!(RustAnalyzer {
     path: "src/tools/rust-analyzer",
-    mode: |_builder| Mode::ToolRustcPrivate,
+    mode: Mode::ToolRustcPrivate,
     allow_features: tool::RustAnalyzer::ALLOW_FEATURES,
     enable_features: ["in-rust-tree"],
 });
 tool_check_step!(MiroptTestTools {
     path: "src/tools/miropt-test-tools",
-    mode: |_builder| Mode::ToolBootstrap
+    mode: Mode::ToolBootstrap
 });
 // We want to test the local std
 tool_check_step!(TestFloatParse {
     path: "src/tools/test-float-parse",
-    mode: |_builder| Mode::ToolStd,
+    mode: Mode::ToolStd,
     allow_features: TEST_FLOAT_PARSE_ALLOW_FEATURES
 });
 tool_check_step!(FeaturesStatusDump {
     path: "src/tools/features-status-dump",
-    mode: |_builder| Mode::ToolBootstrap
+    mode: Mode::ToolBootstrap
 });
 
-tool_check_step!(Bootstrap {
-    path: "src/bootstrap",
-    mode: |_builder| Mode::ToolBootstrap,
-    default: false
-});
+tool_check_step!(Bootstrap { path: "src/bootstrap", mode: Mode::ToolBootstrap, default: false });
 
 // `run-make-support` will be built as part of suitable run-make compiletest test steps, but support
 // check to make it easier to work on.
 tool_check_step!(RunMakeSupport {
     path: "src/tools/run-make-support",
-    mode: |_builder| Mode::ToolBootstrap,
+    mode: Mode::ToolBootstrap,
     default: false
 });
 
 tool_check_step!(CoverageDump {
     path: "src/tools/coverage-dump",
-    mode: |_builder| Mode::ToolBootstrap,
+    mode: Mode::ToolBootstrap,
     default: false
 });
 
@@ -825,23 +817,18 @@ tool_check_step!(CoverageDump {
 // so this is mainly for people working on compiletest to run locally.
 tool_check_step!(Compiletest {
     path: "src/tools/compiletest",
-    mode: |builder: &Builder<'_>| if builder.config.compiletest_use_stage0_libtest {
-        Mode::ToolBootstrap
-    } else {
-        Mode::ToolStd
-    },
-    allow_features: COMPILETEST_ALLOW_FEATURES,
+    mode: Mode::ToolBootstrap,
     default: false,
 });
 
 tool_check_step!(Linkchecker {
     path: "src/tools/linkchecker",
-    mode: |_builder| Mode::ToolBootstrap,
+    mode: Mode::ToolBootstrap,
     default: false
 });
 
 tool_check_step!(BumpStage0 {
     path: "src/tools/bump-stage0",
-    mode: |_builder| Mode::ToolBootstrap,
+    mode: Mode::ToolBootstrap,
     default: false
 });
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/clippy.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/clippy.rs
index 2083c675e1f..d5b15d79086 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/clippy.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/clippy.rs
@@ -564,6 +564,7 @@ impl Step for CI {
                 "clippy::same_item_push".into(),
                 "clippy::single_char_add_str".into(),
                 "clippy::to_string_in_format_args".into(),
+                "clippy::unconditional_recursion".into(),
             ],
             forbid: vec![],
         };
@@ -591,6 +592,7 @@ impl Step for CI {
                 "clippy::same_item_push".into(),
                 "clippy::single_char_add_str".into(),
                 "clippy::to_string_in_format_args".into(),
+                "clippy::unconditional_recursion".into(),
             ],
             forbid: vec![],
         };
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/compile.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/compile.rs
index 14104d7d1d7..96b4e15433f 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/compile.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/compile.rs
@@ -895,6 +895,8 @@ impl Step for StartupObjects {
     fn run(self, builder: &Builder<'_>) -> Vec<(PathBuf, DependencyType)> {
         let for_compiler = self.compiler;
         let target = self.target;
+        // Even though no longer necessary on x86_64, they are kept for now to
+        // avoid potential issues in downstream crates.
         if !target.is_windows_gnu() {
             return vec![];
         }
@@ -1219,7 +1221,7 @@ pub fn rustc_cargo(
     // us a faster startup time. However GNU ld < 2.40 will error if we try to link a shared object
     // with direct references to protected symbols, so for now we only use protected symbols if
     // linking with LLD is enabled.
-    if builder.build.config.lld_mode.is_used() {
+    if builder.build.config.bootstrap_override_lld.is_used() {
         cargo.rustflag("-Zdefault-visibility=protected");
     }
 
@@ -1256,7 +1258,7 @@ pub fn rustc_cargo(
     // is already on by default in MSVC optimized builds, which is interpreted as --icf=all:
     // https://github.com/llvm/llvm-project/blob/3329cec2f79185bafd678f310fafadba2a8c76d2/lld/COFF/Driver.cpp#L1746
     // https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/f22819bcce4abaff7d1246a56eec493418f9f4ee/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/linker.rs#L827
-    if builder.config.lld_mode.is_used() && !build_compiler.host.is_msvc() {
+    if builder.config.bootstrap_override_lld.is_used() && !build_compiler.host.is_msvc() {
         cargo.rustflag("-Clink-args=-Wl,--icf=all");
     }
 
@@ -1832,8 +1834,9 @@ impl Step for Sysroot {
         let sysroot = sysroot_dir(compiler.stage);
         trace!(stage = ?compiler.stage, ?sysroot);
 
-        builder
-            .verbose(|| println!("Removing sysroot {} to avoid caching bugs", sysroot.display()));
+        builder.do_if_verbose(|| {
+            println!("Removing sysroot {} to avoid caching bugs", sysroot.display())
+        });
         let _ = fs::remove_dir_all(&sysroot);
         t!(fs::create_dir_all(&sysroot));
 
@@ -1902,12 +1905,7 @@ impl Step for Sysroot {
                 if !path.parent().is_none_or(|p| p.ends_with(&suffix)) {
                     return true;
                 }
-                if !filtered_files.iter().all(|f| f != path.file_name().unwrap()) {
-                    builder.verbose_than(1, || println!("ignoring {}", path.display()));
-                    false
-                } else {
-                    true
-                }
+                filtered_files.iter().all(|f| f != path.file_name().unwrap())
             });
         }
 
@@ -2596,7 +2594,7 @@ pub fn stream_cargo(
         cmd.arg(arg);
     }
 
-    builder.verbose(|| println!("running: {cmd:?}"));
+    builder.do_if_verbose(|| println!("running: {cmd:?}"));
 
     let streaming_command = cmd.stream_capture_stdout(&builder.config.exec_ctx);
 
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/dist.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/dist.rs
index 99a1062109a..b79d2cb413d 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/dist.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/dist.rs
@@ -2304,7 +2304,7 @@ fn maybe_install_llvm(
         let mut cmd = command(host_llvm_config);
         cmd.cached();
         cmd.arg("--libfiles");
-        builder.verbose(|| println!("running {cmd:?}"));
+        builder.do_if_verbose(|| println!("running {cmd:?}"));
         let files = cmd.run_capture_stdout(builder).stdout();
         let build_llvm_out = &builder.llvm_out(builder.config.host_target);
         let target_llvm_out = &builder.llvm_out(target);
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/doc.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/doc.rs
index 7865b685659..37462c63f1b 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/doc.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/doc.rs
@@ -1024,12 +1024,9 @@ macro_rules! tool_doc {
                         run.builder.ensure(Rustc::from_build_compiler(run.builder, compilers.build_compiler(), target));
                         compilers.build_compiler()
                     }
-                    Mode::ToolBootstrap => {
-                        // bootstrap/host tools should be documented with the stage 0 compiler
-                        prepare_doc_compiler(run.builder, run.builder.host_target, 1)
-                    }
                     Mode::ToolTarget => {
-                        // target tools should be documented with the in-tree compiler
+                        // when shipping multiple docs together in one folder,
+                        // they all need to use the same rustdoc version
                         prepare_doc_compiler(run.builder, run.builder.host_target, run.builder.top_stage)
                     }
                     _ => {
@@ -1132,7 +1129,11 @@ macro_rules! tool_doc {
 tool_doc!(
     BuildHelper,
     "src/build_helper",
-    mode = Mode::ToolBootstrap,
+    // ideally, this would use ToolBootstrap,
+    // but we distribute these docs together in the same folder
+    // as a bunch of stage1 tools, and you can't mix rustdoc versions
+    // because that breaks cross-crate data (particularly search)
+    mode = Mode::ToolTarget,
     is_library = true,
     crates = ["build_helper"]
 );
@@ -1175,25 +1176,25 @@ tool_doc!(
     // "specialization" feature in its build script when it detects a nightly toolchain.
     allow_features: "specialization"
 );
-tool_doc!(Tidy, "src/tools/tidy", mode = Mode::ToolBootstrap, crates = ["tidy"]);
+tool_doc!(Tidy, "src/tools/tidy", mode = Mode::ToolTarget, crates = ["tidy"]);
 tool_doc!(
     Bootstrap,
     "src/bootstrap",
-    mode = Mode::ToolBootstrap,
+    mode = Mode::ToolTarget,
     is_library = true,
     crates = ["bootstrap"]
 );
 tool_doc!(
     RunMakeSupport,
     "src/tools/run-make-support",
-    mode = Mode::ToolBootstrap,
+    mode = Mode::ToolTarget,
     is_library = true,
     crates = ["run_make_support"]
 );
 tool_doc!(
     Compiletest,
     "src/tools/compiletest",
-    mode = Mode::ToolBootstrap,
+    mode = Mode::ToolTarget,
     is_library = true,
     crates = ["compiletest"]
 );
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/gcc.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/gcc.rs
index 717dea37e9e..17ab8c4e2f4 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/gcc.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/gcc.rs
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ fn try_download_gcc(builder: &Builder<'_>, target: TargetSelection) -> Option<Pa
         &builder.config,
         builder.config.rust_info.is_managed_git_subrepository(),
     );
-    builder.verbose(|| {
+    builder.do_if_verbose(|| {
         eprintln!("GCC freshness: {source:?}");
     });
     match source {
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/setup.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/setup.rs
index 9f9af1d9abe..4b0080f1c80 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/setup.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/setup.rs
@@ -587,6 +587,7 @@ Select which editor you would like to set up [default: None]: ";
                 "631c837b0e98ae35fd48b0e5f743b1ca60adadf2d0a2b23566ba25df372cf1a9",
                 "080955765db84bb6cbf178879f489c4e2369397626a6ecb3debedb94a9d0b3ce",
                 "f501475c6654187091c924ae26187fa5791d74d4a8ab3fb61fbbe4c0275aade1",
+                "e260553b71e4773c30a63c4b23b42b279fc73e72f95b775c47b7b7c511c51595",
             ],
             EditorKind::Helix => &[
                 "2d3069b8cf1b977e5d4023965eb6199597755e6c96c185ed5f2854f98b83d233",
@@ -594,6 +595,7 @@ Select which editor you would like to set up [default: None]: ";
                 "f252dcc30ca85a193a699581e5e929d5bd6c19d40d7a7ade5e257a9517a124a5",
                 "198c195ed0c070d15907b279b8b4ea96198ca71b939f5376454f3d636ab54da5",
                 "1c43ead340b20792b91d02b08494ee68708e7e09f56b6766629b4b72079208f1",
+                "eec09a09452682060afd23dd5d3536ccac5615b3cdbf427366446901215fb9f6",
             ],
             EditorKind::Vim | EditorKind::VsCode => &[
                 "ea67e259dedf60d4429b6c349a564ffcd1563cf41c920a856d1f5b16b4701ac8",
@@ -610,6 +612,7 @@ Select which editor you would like to set up [default: None]: ";
                 "f954316090936c7e590c253ca9d524008375882fa13c5b41d7e2547a896ff893",
                 "701b73751efd7abd6487f2c79348dab698af7ac4427b79fa3d2087c867144b12",
                 "a61df796c0c007cb6512127330564e49e57d558dec715703916a928b072a1054",
+                "02a49ac2d31f00ef6e4531c44e00dac51cea895112e480553f1ba060b3942a47",
             ],
             EditorKind::Zed => &[
                 "bbce727c269d1bd0c98afef4d612eb4ce27aea3c3a8968c5f10b31affbc40b6c",
@@ -617,6 +620,7 @@ Select which editor you would like to set up [default: None]: ";
                 "2e96bf0d443852b12f016c8fc9840ab3d0a2b4fe0b0fb3a157e8d74d5e7e0e26",
                 "4fadd4c87389a601a27db0d3d74a142fa3a2e656ae78982e934dbe24bee32ad6",
                 "f0bb3d23ab1a49175ab0ef5c4071af95bb03d01d460776cdb716d91333443382",
+                "5ef83292111d9a8bb63b6afc3abf42d0bc78fe24985f0d2e039e73258b5dab8f",
             ],
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/test.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/test.rs
index e7f5879b5f5..00aea8feab7 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/test.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/test.rs
@@ -18,8 +18,8 @@ use crate::core::build_steps::llvm::get_llvm_version;
 use crate::core::build_steps::run::get_completion_paths;
 use crate::core::build_steps::synthetic_targets::MirOptPanicAbortSyntheticTarget;
 use crate::core::build_steps::tool::{
-    self, COMPILETEST_ALLOW_FEATURES, RustcPrivateCompilers, SourceType,
-    TEST_FLOAT_PARSE_ALLOW_FEATURES, Tool, ToolTargetBuildMode, get_tool_target_compiler,
+    self, RustcPrivateCompilers, SourceType, TEST_FLOAT_PARSE_ALLOW_FEATURES, Tool,
+    ToolTargetBuildMode, get_tool_target_compiler,
 };
 use crate::core::build_steps::toolstate::ToolState;
 use crate::core::build_steps::{compile, dist, llvm};
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ use crate::utils::helpers::{
     linker_args, linker_flags, t, target_supports_cranelift_backend, up_to_date,
 };
 use crate::utils::render_tests::{add_flags_and_try_run_tests, try_run_tests};
-use crate::{CLang, CodegenBackendKind, DocTests, GitRepo, Mode, PathSet, debug, envify};
+use crate::{CLang, CodegenBackendKind, DocTests, GitRepo, Mode, PathSet, envify};
 
 const ADB_TEST_DIR: &str = "/data/local/tmp/work";
 
@@ -582,11 +582,11 @@ impl Miri {
         // We re-use the `cargo` from above.
         cargo.arg("--print-sysroot");
 
-        builder.verbose(|| println!("running: {cargo:?}"));
+        builder.do_if_verbose(|| println!("running: {cargo:?}"));
         let stdout = cargo.run_capture_stdout(builder).stdout();
         // Output is "<sysroot>\n".
         let sysroot = stdout.trim_end();
-        builder.verbose(|| println!("`cargo miri setup --print-sysroot` said: {sysroot:?}"));
+        builder.do_if_verbose(|| println!("`cargo miri setup --print-sysroot` said: {sysroot:?}"));
         PathBuf::from(sysroot)
     }
 }
@@ -786,26 +786,26 @@ impl Step for CompiletestTest {
     fn run(self, builder: &Builder<'_>) {
         let host = self.host;
 
+        // Now that compiletest uses only stable Rust, building it always uses
+        // the stage 0 compiler. However, some of its unit tests need to be able
+        // to query information from an in-tree compiler, so we treat `--stage`
+        // as selecting the stage of that secondary compiler.
+
         if builder.top_stage == 0 && !builder.config.compiletest_allow_stage0 {
             eprintln!("\
-ERROR: `--stage 0` runs compiletest self-tests against the stage0 (precompiled) compiler, not the in-tree compiler, and will almost always cause tests to fail
+ERROR: `--stage 0` causes compiletest to query information from the stage0 (precompiled) compiler, instead of the in-tree compiler, which can cause some tests to fail inappropriately
 NOTE: if you're sure you want to do this, please open an issue as to why. In the meantime, you can override this with `--set build.compiletest-allow-stage0=true`."
             );
             crate::exit!(1);
         }
 
-        let compiler = builder.compiler(builder.top_stage, host);
-        debug!(?compiler);
+        let bootstrap_compiler = builder.compiler(0, host);
+        let staged_compiler = builder.compiler(builder.top_stage, host);
 
-        // We need `ToolStd` for the locally-built sysroot because
-        // compiletest uses unstable features of the `test` crate.
-        builder.std(compiler, host);
         let mut cargo = tool::prepare_tool_cargo(
             builder,
-            compiler,
-            // compiletest uses libtest internals; make it use the in-tree std to make sure it never
-            // breaks when std sources change.
-            Mode::ToolStd,
+            bootstrap_compiler,
+            Mode::ToolBootstrap,
             host,
             Kind::Test,
             "src/tools/compiletest",
@@ -816,9 +816,8 @@ NOTE: if you're sure you want to do this, please open an issue as to why. In the
         // Used for `compiletest` self-tests to have the path to the *staged* compiler. Getting this
         // right is important, as `compiletest` is intended to only support one target spec JSON
         // format, namely that of the staged compiler.
-        cargo.env("TEST_RUSTC", builder.rustc(compiler));
+        cargo.env("TEST_RUSTC", builder.rustc(staged_compiler));
 
-        cargo.allow_features(COMPILETEST_ALLOW_FEATURES);
         run_cargo_test(cargo, &[], &[], "compiletest self test", host, builder);
     }
 }
@@ -2675,7 +2674,7 @@ fn markdown_test(builder: &Builder<'_>, compiler: Compiler, markdown: &Path) ->
         return true;
     }
 
-    builder.verbose(|| println!("doc tests for: {}", markdown.display()));
+    builder.do_if_verbose(|| println!("doc tests for: {}", markdown.display()));
     let mut cmd = builder.rustdoc_cmd(compiler);
     builder.add_rust_test_threads(&mut cmd);
     // allow for unstable options such as new editions
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/tool.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/tool.rs
index 4f096d50ea5..819e903020c 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/tool.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/build_steps/tool.rs
@@ -380,7 +380,6 @@ macro_rules! bootstrap_tool {
     ($(
         $name:ident, $path:expr, $tool_name:expr
         $(,is_external_tool = $external:expr)*
-        $(,is_unstable_tool = $unstable:expr)*
         $(,allow_features = $allow_features:expr)?
         $(,submodules = $submodules:expr)?
         $(,artifact_kind = $artifact_kind:expr)?
@@ -438,19 +437,11 @@ macro_rules! bootstrap_tool {
                     }
                 )*
 
-                let is_unstable = false $(|| $unstable)*;
-                let compiletest_wants_stage0 = $tool_name == "compiletest" && builder.config.compiletest_use_stage0_libtest;
-
                 builder.ensure(ToolBuild {
                     build_compiler: self.compiler,
                     target: self.target,
                     tool: $tool_name,
-                    mode: if is_unstable && !compiletest_wants_stage0 {
-                        // use in-tree libraries for unstable features
-                        Mode::ToolStd
-                    } else {
-                        Mode::ToolBootstrap
-                    },
+                    mode: Mode::ToolBootstrap,
                     path: $path,
                     source_type: if false $(|| $external)* {
                         SourceType::Submodule
@@ -483,8 +474,6 @@ macro_rules! bootstrap_tool {
     }
 }
 
-pub(crate) const COMPILETEST_ALLOW_FEATURES: &str = "internal_output_capture";
-
 bootstrap_tool!(
     // This is marked as an external tool because it includes dependencies
     // from submodules. Trying to keep the lints in sync between all the repos
@@ -495,7 +484,7 @@ bootstrap_tool!(
     Tidy, "src/tools/tidy", "tidy";
     Linkchecker, "src/tools/linkchecker", "linkchecker";
     CargoTest, "src/tools/cargotest", "cargotest";
-    Compiletest, "src/tools/compiletest", "compiletest", is_unstable_tool = true, allow_features = COMPILETEST_ALLOW_FEATURES;
+    Compiletest, "src/tools/compiletest", "compiletest";
     BuildManifest, "src/tools/build-manifest", "build-manifest";
     RemoteTestClient, "src/tools/remote-test-client", "remote-test-client";
     RustInstaller, "src/tools/rust-installer", "rust-installer";
@@ -509,8 +498,7 @@ bootstrap_tool!(
     CollectLicenseMetadata, "src/tools/collect-license-metadata", "collect-license-metadata";
     GenerateCopyright, "src/tools/generate-copyright", "generate-copyright";
     GenerateWindowsSys, "src/tools/generate-windows-sys", "generate-windows-sys";
-    // rustdoc-gui-test has a crate dependency on compiletest, so it needs the same unstable features.
-    RustdocGUITest, "src/tools/rustdoc-gui-test", "rustdoc-gui-test", is_unstable_tool = true, allow_features = COMPILETEST_ALLOW_FEATURES;
+    RustdocGUITest, "src/tools/rustdoc-gui-test", "rustdoc-gui-test";
     CoverageDump, "src/tools/coverage-dump", "coverage-dump";
     UnicodeTableGenerator, "src/tools/unicode-table-generator", "unicode-table-generator";
     FeaturesStatusDump, "src/tools/features-status-dump", "features-status-dump";
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/builder/cargo.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/builder/cargo.rs
index ee2bb710674..a404aec5120 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/builder/cargo.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/builder/cargo.rs
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ use crate::core::config::flags::Color;
 use crate::utils::build_stamp;
 use crate::utils::helpers::{self, LldThreads, check_cfg_arg, linker_args, linker_flags};
 use crate::{
-    BootstrapCommand, CLang, Compiler, Config, DocTests, DryRun, EXTRA_CHECK_CFGS, GitRepo, Mode,
+    BootstrapCommand, CLang, Compiler, Config, DryRun, EXTRA_CHECK_CFGS, GitRepo, Mode,
     RemapScheme, TargetSelection, command, prepare_behaviour_dump_dir, t,
 };
 
@@ -851,8 +851,6 @@ impl Builder<'_> {
 
         rustflags.arg("-Zmacro-backtrace");
 
-        let want_rustdoc = self.doc_tests != DocTests::No;
-
         // Clear the output directory if the real rustc we're using has changed;
         // Cargo cannot detect this as it thinks rustc is bootstrap/debug/rustc.
         //
@@ -881,7 +879,8 @@ impl Builder<'_> {
             .env("RUSTC_REAL", self.rustc(compiler))
             .env("RUSTC_STAGE", build_compiler_stage.to_string())
             .env("RUSTC_SYSROOT", sysroot)
-            .env("RUSTC_LIBDIR", libdir)
+            .env("RUSTC_LIBDIR", &libdir)
+            .env("RUSTDOC_LIBDIR", libdir)
             .env("RUSTDOC", self.bootstrap_out.join("rustdoc"))
             .env("RUSTDOC_REAL", rustdoc_path)
             .env("RUSTC_ERROR_METADATA_DST", self.extended_error_dir());
@@ -919,11 +918,6 @@ impl Builder<'_> {
             rustflags.arg(&format!("-Zstack-protector={stack_protector}"));
         }
 
-        if !matches!(cmd_kind, Kind::Build | Kind::Check | Kind::Clippy | Kind::Fix) && want_rustdoc
-        {
-            cargo.env("RUSTDOC_LIBDIR", self.rustc_libdir(compiler));
-        }
-
         let debuginfo_level = match mode {
             Mode::Rustc | Mode::Codegen => self.config.rust_debuginfo_level_rustc,
             Mode::Std => self.config.rust_debuginfo_level_std,
@@ -1139,7 +1133,7 @@ impl Builder<'_> {
             cargo.env("RUSTC_BACKTRACE_ON_ICE", "1");
         }
 
-        if self.is_verbose_than(1) {
+        if self.verbosity >= 2 {
             // This provides very useful logs especially when debugging build cache-related stuff.
             cargo.env("CARGO_LOG", "cargo::core::compiler::fingerprint=info");
         }
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/builder/mod.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/builder/mod.rs
index 8226b4325b6..fc06db8f80b 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/builder/mod.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/builder/mod.rs
@@ -545,7 +545,7 @@ impl StepDescription {
         if !builder.config.skip.is_empty()
             && !matches!(builder.config.get_dry_run(), DryRun::SelfCheck)
         {
-            builder.verbose(|| {
+            builder.do_if_verbose(|| {
                 println!(
                     "{:?} not skipped for {:?} -- not in {:?}",
                     pathset, self.name, builder.config.skip
@@ -947,7 +947,7 @@ impl Step for Libdir {
             // Sysroot`).
             if !builder.download_rustc() {
                 let sysroot_target_libdir = sysroot.join(self.target).join("lib");
-                builder.verbose(|| {
+                builder.do_if_verbose(|| {
                     eprintln!(
                         "Removing sysroot {} to avoid caching bugs",
                         sysroot_target_libdir.display()
@@ -1145,7 +1145,7 @@ impl<'a> Builder<'a> {
                 test::RunMakeCargo,
             ),
             Kind::Miri => describe!(test::Crate),
-            Kind::Bench => describe!(test::Crate, test::CrateLibrustc),
+            Kind::Bench => describe!(test::Crate, test::CrateLibrustc, test::CrateRustdoc),
             Kind::Doc => describe!(
                 doc::UnstableBook,
                 doc::UnstableBookGen,
@@ -1221,6 +1221,8 @@ impl<'a> Builder<'a> {
                 install::Miri,
                 install::LlvmTools,
                 install::Src,
+                install::RustcCodegenCranelift,
+                install::LlvmBitcodeLinker
             ),
             Kind::Run => describe!(
                 run::BuildManifest,
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/builder/tests.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/builder/tests.rs
index 229adf71459..3306435758b 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/builder/tests.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/builder/tests.rs
@@ -22,13 +22,7 @@ fn configure(cmd: &str, host: &[&str], target: &[&str]) -> Config {
 }
 
 fn configure_with_args(cmd: &[&str], host: &[&str], target: &[&str]) -> Config {
-    TestCtx::new()
-        .config(cmd[0])
-        .args(&cmd[1..])
-        .hosts(host)
-        .targets(target)
-        .args(&["--build", TEST_TRIPLE_1])
-        .create_config()
+    TestCtx::new().config(cmd[0]).args(&cmd[1..]).hosts(host).targets(target).create_config()
 }
 
 fn first<A, B>(v: Vec<(A, B)>) -> Vec<A> {
@@ -218,18 +212,17 @@ fn prepare_rustc_checkout(ctx: &mut GitCtx) {
 
 /// Parses a Config directory from `path`, with the given value of `download_rustc`.
 fn parse_config_download_rustc_at(path: &Path, download_rustc: &str, ci: bool) -> Config {
-    Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&[
-            "build".to_owned(),
-            "--dry-run".to_owned(),
-            "--ci".to_owned(),
-            if ci { "true" } else { "false" }.to_owned(),
-            format!("--set=rust.download-rustc='{download_rustc}'"),
-            "--src".to_owned(),
-            path.to_str().unwrap().to_owned(),
-        ]),
-        |&_| Ok(Default::default()),
-    )
+    TestCtx::new()
+        .config("build")
+        .args(&[
+            "--ci",
+            if ci { "true" } else { "false" },
+            format!("--set=rust.download-rustc='{download_rustc}'").as_str(),
+            "--src",
+            path.to_str().unwrap(),
+        ])
+        .no_override_download_ci_llvm()
+        .create_config()
 }
 
 mod dist {
@@ -237,6 +230,7 @@ mod dist {
 
     use super::{Config, TEST_TRIPLE_1, TEST_TRIPLE_2, TEST_TRIPLE_3, first, run_build};
     use crate::Flags;
+    use crate::core::builder::tests::host_target;
     use crate::core::builder::*;
 
     fn configure(host: &[&str], target: &[&str]) -> Config {
@@ -245,11 +239,11 @@ mod dist {
 
     #[test]
     fn llvm_out_behaviour() {
-        let mut config = configure(&[TEST_TRIPLE_1], &[TEST_TRIPLE_2]);
+        let mut config = configure(&[], &[TEST_TRIPLE_2]);
         config.llvm_from_ci = true;
         let build = Build::new(config.clone());
 
-        let target = TargetSelection::from_user(TEST_TRIPLE_1);
+        let target = TargetSelection::from_user(&host_target());
         assert!(build.llvm_out(target).ends_with("ci-llvm"));
         let target = TargetSelection::from_user(TEST_TRIPLE_2);
         assert!(build.llvm_out(target).ends_with("llvm"));
@@ -314,7 +308,7 @@ mod sysroot_target_dirs {
 /// cg_gcc tests instead.
 #[test]
 fn test_test_compiler() {
-    let config = configure_with_args(&["test", "compiler"], &[TEST_TRIPLE_1], &[TEST_TRIPLE_1]);
+    let config = configure_with_args(&["test", "compiler"], &[&host_target()], &[TEST_TRIPLE_1]);
     let cache = run_build(&config.paths.clone(), config);
 
     let compiler = cache.contains::<test::CrateLibrustc>();
@@ -347,7 +341,7 @@ fn test_test_coverage() {
         // Print each test case so that if one fails, the most recently printed
         // case is the one that failed.
         println!("Testing case: {cmd:?}");
-        let config = configure_with_args(cmd, &[TEST_TRIPLE_1], &[TEST_TRIPLE_1]);
+        let config = configure_with_args(cmd, &[], &[TEST_TRIPLE_1]);
         let mut cache = run_build(&config.paths.clone(), config);
 
         let modes =
@@ -359,14 +353,7 @@ fn test_test_coverage() {
 #[test]
 fn test_prebuilt_llvm_config_path_resolution() {
     fn configure(config: &str) -> Config {
-        Config::parse_inner(
-            Flags::parse(&[
-                "build".to_string(),
-                "--dry-run".to_string(),
-                "--config=/does/not/exist".to_string(),
-            ]),
-            |&_| toml::from_str(&config),
-        )
+        TestCtx::new().config("build").with_default_toml_config(config).create_config()
     }
 
     // Removes Windows disk prefix if present
@@ -1171,13 +1158,12 @@ mod snapshot {
         [doc] embedded-book (book) <host>
         [doc] edition-guide (book) <host>
         [doc] style-guide (book) <host>
-        [build] rustdoc 0 <host>
-        [doc] rustc 0 <host> -> Tidy 1 <host>
-        [doc] rustc 0 <host> -> Bootstrap 1 <host>
+        [doc] rustc 1 <host> -> Tidy 2 <host>
+        [doc] rustc 1 <host> -> Bootstrap 2 <host>
         [doc] rustc 1 <host> -> releases 2 <host>
-        [doc] rustc 0 <host> -> RunMakeSupport 1 <host>
-        [doc] rustc 0 <host> -> BuildHelper 1 <host>
-        [doc] rustc 0 <host> -> Compiletest 1 <host>
+        [doc] rustc 1 <host> -> RunMakeSupport 2 <host>
+        [doc] rustc 1 <host> -> BuildHelper 2 <host>
+        [doc] rustc 1 <host> -> Compiletest 2 <host>
         [build] rustc 0 <host> -> RustInstaller 1 <host>
         "
         );
@@ -2018,21 +2004,6 @@ mod snapshot {
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn check_compiletest_stage1_libtest() {
-        let ctx = TestCtx::new();
-        insta::assert_snapshot!(
-            ctx.config("check")
-                .path("compiletest")
-                .args(&["--set", "build.compiletest-use-stage0-libtest=false"])
-                .render_steps(), @r"
-        [build] llvm <host>
-        [build] rustc 0 <host> -> rustc 1 <host>
-        [build] rustc 1 <host> -> std 1 <host>
-        [check] rustc 1 <host> -> Compiletest 2 <host>
-        ");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
     fn check_codegen() {
         let ctx = TestCtx::new();
         insta::assert_snapshot!(
@@ -2159,6 +2130,17 @@ mod snapshot {
     }
 
     #[test]
+    fn test_compiletest_self_test() {
+        let ctx = TestCtx::new();
+        let steps = ctx.config("test").arg("compiletest").render_steps();
+        insta::assert_snapshot!(steps, @r"
+        [build] llvm <host>
+        [build] rustc 0 <host> -> rustc 1 <host>
+        [build] rustdoc 0 <host>
+        ");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
     fn test_compiletest_suites_stage1() {
         let ctx = TestCtx::new();
         insta::assert_snapshot!(
@@ -2703,8 +2685,11 @@ mod snapshot {
                 .path("src/tools/compiletest")
                 .stage(2)
                 .render_steps(), @r"
-        [build] rustdoc 0 <host>
-        [doc] rustc 0 <host> -> Compiletest 1 <host>
+        [build] llvm <host>
+        [build] rustc 0 <host> -> rustc 1 <host>
+        [build] rustc 1 <host> -> std 1 <host>
+        [build] rustdoc 1 <host>
+        [doc] rustc 1 <host> -> Compiletest 2 <host>
         ");
     }
 
@@ -2857,60 +2842,69 @@ mod snapshot {
                     // Using backslashes fails with `--set`
                     "--set", &format!("install.prefix={}", ctx.dir().display()).replace("\\", "/"),
                     "--set", &format!("install.sysconfdir={}", ctx.dir().display()).replace("\\", "/"),
-                    "--set", "build.extended=true"
+                    "--set", "build.extended=true",
+                    // For Cranelift to be disted
+                    "--build", "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu",
+                    "--host", "x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu"
                 ])
-                .render_steps(), @r"
-        [build] llvm <host>
-        [build] rustc 0 <host> -> rustc 1 <host>
-        [build] rustc 0 <host> -> WasmComponentLd 1 <host>
-        [build] rustc 0 <host> -> UnstableBookGen 1 <host>
-        [build] rustc 0 <host> -> Rustbook 1 <host>
-        [doc] unstable-book (book) <host>
-        [build] rustc 1 <host> -> std 1 <host>
-        [doc] book (book) <host>
-        [doc] book/first-edition (book) <host>
-        [doc] book/second-edition (book) <host>
-        [doc] book/2018-edition (book) <host>
-        [build] rustdoc 1 <host>
-        [doc] rustc 1 <host> -> standalone 2 <host>
-        [doc] rustc 1 <host> -> std 1 <host> crates=[alloc,compiler_builtins,core,panic_abort,panic_unwind,proc_macro,rustc-std-workspace-core,std,std_detect,sysroot,test,unwind]
-        [build] rustc 1 <host> -> rustc 2 <host>
-        [build] rustc 1 <host> -> WasmComponentLd 2 <host>
-        [build] rustc 1 <host> -> error-index 2 <host>
-        [doc] rustc 1 <host> -> error-index 2 <host>
-        [doc] nomicon (book) <host>
-        [doc] rustc 1 <host> -> reference (book) 2 <host>
-        [doc] rustdoc (book) <host>
-        [doc] rust-by-example (book) <host>
-        [build] rustc 0 <host> -> LintDocs 1 <host>
-        [doc] rustc (book) <host>
-        [doc] cargo (book) <host>
-        [doc] clippy (book) <host>
-        [doc] embedded-book (book) <host>
-        [doc] edition-guide (book) <host>
-        [doc] style-guide (book) <host>
-        [doc] rustc 1 <host> -> releases 2 <host>
-        [build] rustc 0 <host> -> RustInstaller 1 <host>
-        [dist] docs <host>
-        [dist] rustc 1 <host> -> std 1 <host>
-        [build] rustdoc 2 <host>
-        [build] rustc 1 <host> -> rust-analyzer-proc-macro-srv 2 <host>
-        [build] rustc 0 <host> -> GenerateCopyright 1 <host>
-        [dist] rustc <host>
-        [build] rustc 1 <host> -> cargo 2 <host>
-        [dist] rustc 1 <host> -> cargo 2 <host>
-        [build] rustc 1 <host> -> rust-analyzer 2 <host>
-        [dist] rustc 1 <host> -> rust-analyzer 2 <host>
-        [build] rustc 1 <host> -> rustfmt 2 <host>
-        [build] rustc 1 <host> -> cargo-fmt 2 <host>
-        [dist] rustc 1 <host> -> rustfmt 2 <host>
-        [build] rustc 1 <host> -> clippy-driver 2 <host>
-        [build] rustc 1 <host> -> cargo-clippy 2 <host>
-        [dist] rustc 1 <host> -> clippy 2 <host>
-        [build] rustc 1 <host> -> miri 2 <host>
-        [build] rustc 1 <host> -> cargo-miri 2 <host>
-        [dist] rustc 1 <host> -> miri 2 <host>
+                .get_steps()
+                .render_with(RenderConfig {
+                    normalize_host: false
+                }), @r"
+        [build] llvm <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 0 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 0 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> WasmComponentLd 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 0 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> UnstableBookGen 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 0 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> Rustbook 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] unstable-book (book) <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> std 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] book (book) <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] book/first-edition (book) <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] book/second-edition (book) <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] book/2018-edition (book) <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustdoc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> standalone 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> std 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> crates=[alloc,compiler_builtins,core,panic_abort,panic_unwind,proc_macro,rustc-std-workspace-core,std,std_detect,sysroot,test,unwind]
+        [build] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> rustc 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> WasmComponentLd 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> error-index 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> error-index 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] nomicon (book) <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> reference (book) 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] rustdoc (book) <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] rust-by-example (book) <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 0 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> LintDocs 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] rustc (book) <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] cargo (book) <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] clippy (book) <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] embedded-book (book) <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] edition-guide (book) <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] style-guide (book) <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [doc] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> releases 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 0 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> RustInstaller 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [dist] docs <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [dist] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> std 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustdoc 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> rust-analyzer-proc-macro-srv 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 0 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> GenerateCopyright 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [dist] rustc <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> cargo 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [dist] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> cargo 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> rust-analyzer 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [dist] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> rust-analyzer 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> rustfmt 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> cargo-fmt 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [dist] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> rustfmt 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> clippy-driver 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> cargo-clippy 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [dist] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> clippy 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> miri 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> cargo-miri 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [dist] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> miri 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
         [dist] src <>
+        [build] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> rustc_codegen_cranelift 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [dist] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> rustc_codegen_cranelift 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
+        [build] rustc 1 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu> -> LlvmBitcodeLinker 2 <x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu>
         ");
     }
 
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/config.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/config.rs
index dd2d5a1fd53..1fcc1174e85 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/config.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/config.rs
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ use crate::core::config::toml::gcc::Gcc;
 use crate::core::config::toml::install::Install;
 use crate::core::config::toml::llvm::Llvm;
 use crate::core::config::toml::rust::{
-    LldMode, Rust, RustOptimize, check_incompatible_options_for_ci_rustc,
+    BootstrapOverrideLld, Rust, RustOptimize, check_incompatible_options_for_ci_rustc,
     default_lld_opt_in_targets, parse_codegen_backends,
 };
 use crate::core::config::toml::target::Target;
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ pub struct Config {
     pub llvm_from_ci: bool,
     pub llvm_build_config: HashMap<String, String>,
 
-    pub lld_mode: LldMode,
+    pub bootstrap_override_lld: BootstrapOverrideLld,
     pub lld_enabled: bool,
     pub llvm_tools_enabled: bool,
     pub llvm_bitcode_linker_enabled: bool,
@@ -310,9 +310,6 @@ pub struct Config {
     /// sources.
     pub compiletest_allow_stage0: bool,
 
-    /// Whether to use the precompiled stage0 libtest with compiletest.
-    pub compiletest_use_stage0_libtest: bool,
-
     /// Default value for `--extra-checks`
     pub tidy_extra_checks: Option<String>,
     pub is_running_on_ci: bool,
@@ -414,14 +411,28 @@ impl Config {
         // Set config values based on flags.
         let mut exec_ctx = ExecutionContext::new(flags_verbose, flags_cmd.fail_fast());
         exec_ctx.set_dry_run(if flags_dry_run { DryRun::UserSelected } else { DryRun::Disabled });
-        let mut src = {
+
+        let default_src_dir = {
             let manifest_dir = PathBuf::from(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"));
             // Undo `src/bootstrap`
             manifest_dir.parent().unwrap().parent().unwrap().to_owned()
         };
+        let src = if let Some(s) = compute_src_directory(flags_src, &exec_ctx) {
+            s
+        } else {
+            default_src_dir.clone()
+        };
 
-        if let Some(src_) = compute_src_directory(flags_src, &exec_ctx) {
-            src = src_;
+        #[cfg(test)]
+        {
+            if let Some(config_path) = flags_config.as_ref() {
+                assert!(
+                    !config_path.starts_with(&src),
+                    "Path {config_path:?} should not be inside or equal to src dir {src:?}"
+                );
+            } else {
+                panic!("During test the config should be explicitly added");
+            }
         }
 
         // Now load the TOML config, as soon as possible
@@ -483,7 +494,8 @@ impl Config {
             optimized_compiler_builtins: build_optimized_compiler_builtins,
             jobs: build_jobs,
             compiletest_diff_tool: build_compiletest_diff_tool,
-            compiletest_use_stage0_libtest: build_compiletest_use_stage0_libtest,
+            // No longer has any effect; kept (for now) to avoid breaking people's configs.
+            compiletest_use_stage0_libtest: _,
             tidy_extra_checks: build_tidy_extra_checks,
             ccache: build_ccache,
             exclude: build_exclude,
@@ -553,7 +565,8 @@ impl Config {
             frame_pointers: rust_frame_pointers,
             stack_protector: rust_stack_protector,
             strip: rust_strip,
-            lld_mode: rust_lld_mode,
+            bootstrap_override_lld: rust_bootstrap_override_lld,
+            bootstrap_override_lld_legacy: rust_bootstrap_override_lld_legacy,
             std_features: rust_std_features,
             break_on_ice: rust_break_on_ice,
         } = toml.rust.unwrap_or_default();
@@ -601,6 +614,15 @@ impl Config {
 
         let Gcc { download_ci_gcc: gcc_download_ci_gcc } = toml.gcc.unwrap_or_default();
 
+        if rust_bootstrap_override_lld.is_some() && rust_bootstrap_override_lld_legacy.is_some() {
+            panic!(
+                "Cannot use both `rust.use-lld` and `rust.bootstrap-override-lld`. Please use only `rust.bootstrap-override-lld`"
+            );
+        }
+
+        let bootstrap_override_lld =
+            rust_bootstrap_override_lld.or(rust_bootstrap_override_lld_legacy).unwrap_or_default();
+
         if rust_optimize.as_ref().is_some_and(|v| matches!(v, RustOptimize::Bool(false))) {
             eprintln!(
                 "WARNING: setting `optimize` to `false` is known to cause errors and \
@@ -630,19 +652,13 @@ impl Config {
         let llvm_assertions = llvm_assertions.unwrap_or(false);
         let mut target_config = HashMap::new();
         let mut channel = "dev".to_string();
-        let out = flags_build_dir.or(build_build_dir.map(PathBuf::from)).unwrap_or_else(|| {
-            if cfg!(test) {
-                // Use the build directory of the original x.py invocation, so that we can set `initial_rustc` properly.
-                Path::new(
-                    &env::var_os("CARGO_TARGET_DIR").expect("cargo test directly is not supported"),
-                )
-                .parent()
-                .unwrap()
-                .to_path_buf()
-            } else {
-                PathBuf::from("build")
-            }
-        });
+
+        let out = flags_build_dir.or_else(|| build_build_dir.map(PathBuf::from));
+        let out = if cfg!(test) {
+            out.expect("--build-dir has to be specified in tests")
+        } else {
+            out.unwrap_or_else(|| PathBuf::from("build"))
+        };
 
         // NOTE: Bootstrap spawns various commands with different working directories.
         // To avoid writing to random places on the file system, `config.out` needs to be an absolute path.
@@ -653,6 +669,10 @@ impl Config {
             out
         };
 
+        let default_stage0_rustc_path = |dir: &Path| {
+            dir.join(host_target).join("stage0").join("bin").join(exe("rustc", host_target))
+        };
+
         if cfg!(test) {
             // When configuring bootstrap for tests, make sure to set the rustc and Cargo to the
             // same ones used to call the tests (if custom ones are not defined in the toml). If we
@@ -661,6 +681,22 @@ impl Config {
             // Cargo in their bootstrap.toml.
             build_rustc = build_rustc.take().or(std::env::var_os("RUSTC").map(|p| p.into()));
             build_cargo = build_cargo.take().or(std::env::var_os("CARGO").map(|p| p.into()));
+
+            // If we are running only `cargo test` (and not `x test bootstrap`), which is useful
+            // e.g. for debugging bootstrap itself, then we won't have RUSTC and CARGO set to the
+            // proper paths.
+            // We thus "guess" that the build directory is located at <src>/build, and try to load
+            // rustc and cargo from there
+            let is_test_outside_x = std::env::var("CARGO_TARGET_DIR").is_err();
+            if is_test_outside_x && build_rustc.is_none() {
+                let stage0_rustc = default_stage0_rustc_path(&default_src_dir.join("build"));
+                assert!(
+                    stage0_rustc.exists(),
+                    "Trying to run cargo test without having a stage0 rustc available in {}",
+                    stage0_rustc.display()
+                );
+                build_rustc = Some(stage0_rustc);
+            }
         }
 
         if !flags_skip_stage0_validation {
@@ -694,7 +730,7 @@ impl Config {
 
         let initial_rustc = build_rustc.unwrap_or_else(|| {
             download_beta_toolchain(&dwn_ctx, &out);
-            out.join(host_target).join("stage0").join("bin").join(exe("rustc", host_target))
+            default_stage0_rustc_path(&out)
         });
 
         let initial_sysroot = t!(PathBuf::from_str(
@@ -932,7 +968,7 @@ impl Config {
 
         let initial_rustfmt = build_rustfmt.or_else(|| maybe_download_rustfmt(&dwn_ctx, &out));
 
-        if matches!(rust_lld_mode.unwrap_or_default(), LldMode::SelfContained)
+        if matches!(bootstrap_override_lld, BootstrapOverrideLld::SelfContained)
             && !lld_enabled
             && flags_stage.unwrap_or(0) > 0
         {
@@ -1144,6 +1180,7 @@ impl Config {
             backtrace_on_ice: rust_backtrace_on_ice.unwrap_or(false),
             bindir: install_bindir.map(PathBuf::from).unwrap_or("bin".into()),
             bootstrap_cache_path: build_bootstrap_cache_path,
+            bootstrap_override_lld,
             bypass_bootstrap_lock: flags_bypass_bootstrap_lock,
             cargo_info,
             cargo_native_static: build_cargo_native_static.unwrap_or(false),
@@ -1158,7 +1195,6 @@ impl Config {
             compiler_docs: build_compiler_docs.unwrap_or(false),
             compiletest_allow_stage0: build_compiletest_allow_stage0.unwrap_or(false),
             compiletest_diff_tool: build_compiletest_diff_tool,
-            compiletest_use_stage0_libtest: build_compiletest_use_stage0_libtest.unwrap_or(true),
             config: toml_path,
             configure_args: build_configure_args.unwrap_or_default(),
             control_flow_guard: rust_control_flow_guard.unwrap_or(false),
@@ -1210,7 +1246,6 @@ impl Config {
             libdir: install_libdir.map(PathBuf::from),
             library_docs_private_items: build_library_docs_private_items.unwrap_or(false),
             lld_enabled,
-            lld_mode: rust_lld_mode.unwrap_or_default(),
             lldb: build_lldb.map(PathBuf::from),
             llvm_allow_old_toolchain: llvm_allow_old_toolchain.unwrap_or(false),
             llvm_assertions,
@@ -1534,11 +1569,11 @@ impl Config {
                                 println!("WARNING: CI rustc has some fields that are no longer supported in bootstrap; download-rustc will be disabled.");
                                 println!("HELP: Consider rebasing to a newer commit if available.");
                                 return None;
-                            },
+                            }
                             Err(e) => {
                                 eprintln!("ERROR: Failed to parse CI rustc bootstrap.toml: {e}");
                                 exit!(2);
-                            },
+                            }
                         };
 
                         let current_config_toml = Self::get_toml(config_path).unwrap();
@@ -1571,8 +1606,8 @@ impl Config {
     }
 
     /// Runs a function if verbosity is greater than 0
-    pub fn verbose(&self, f: impl Fn()) {
-        self.exec_ctx.verbose(f);
+    pub fn do_if_verbose(&self, f: impl Fn()) {
+        self.exec_ctx.do_if_verbose(f);
     }
 
     pub fn any_sanitizers_to_build(&self) -> bool {
@@ -2061,7 +2096,7 @@ pub fn download_ci_rustc_commit<'a>(
         // Look for a version to compare to based on the current commit.
         // Only commits merged by bors will have CI artifacts.
         let freshness = check_path_modifications_(dwn_ctx, RUSTC_IF_UNCHANGED_ALLOWED_PATHS);
-        dwn_ctx.exec_ctx.verbose(|| {
+        dwn_ctx.exec_ctx.do_if_verbose(|| {
             eprintln!("rustc freshness: {freshness:?}");
         });
         match freshness {
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/mod.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/mod.rs
index 05a5dfc0bc5..007ed4aaba1 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/mod.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/mod.rs
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ use serde_derive::Deserialize;
 pub use target_selection::TargetSelection;
 pub use toml::BUILDER_CONFIG_FILENAME;
 pub use toml::change_id::ChangeId;
-pub use toml::rust::LldMode;
+pub use toml::rust::BootstrapOverrideLld;
 pub use toml::target::Target;
 
 use crate::Display;
@@ -47,11 +47,17 @@ use crate::str::FromStr;
 #[macro_export]
 macro_rules! define_config {
     ($(#[$attr:meta])* struct $name:ident {
-        $($field:ident: Option<$field_ty:ty> = $field_key:literal,)*
+        $(
+            $(#[$field_attr:meta])*
+            $field:ident: Option<$field_ty:ty> = $field_key:literal,
+        )*
     }) => {
         $(#[$attr])*
         pub struct $name {
-            $(pub $field: Option<$field_ty>,)*
+            $(
+                $(#[$field_attr])*
+                pub $field: Option<$field_ty>,
+            )*
         }
 
         impl Merge for $name {
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/tests.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/tests.rs
index e93525fbd09..e19604d4ab1 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/tests.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/tests.rs
@@ -14,17 +14,17 @@ use super::toml::change_id::ChangeIdWrapper;
 use super::{Config, RUSTC_IF_UNCHANGED_ALLOWED_PATHS};
 use crate::ChangeId;
 use crate::core::build_steps::clippy::{LintConfig, get_clippy_rules_in_order};
-use crate::core::build_steps::llvm;
 use crate::core::build_steps::llvm::LLVM_INVALIDATION_PATHS;
+use crate::core::build_steps::{llvm, test};
 use crate::core::config::toml::TomlConfig;
-use crate::core::config::{CompilerBuiltins, LldMode, StringOrBool, Target, TargetSelection};
+use crate::core::config::{
+    BootstrapOverrideLld, CompilerBuiltins, StringOrBool, Target, TargetSelection,
+};
+use crate::utils::tests::TestCtx;
 use crate::utils::tests::git::git_test;
 
 pub(crate) fn parse(config: &str) -> Config {
-    Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&["check".to_string(), "--config=/does/not/exist".to_string()]),
-        |&_| toml::from_str(&config),
-    )
+    TestCtx::new().config("check").with_default_toml_config(config).create_config()
 }
 
 fn get_toml(file: &Path) -> Result<TomlConfig, toml::de::Error> {
@@ -32,28 +32,16 @@ fn get_toml(file: &Path) -> Result<TomlConfig, toml::de::Error> {
     toml::from_str(&contents).and_then(|table: toml::Value| TomlConfig::deserialize(table))
 }
 
-/// Helps with debugging by using consistent test-specific directories instead of
-/// random temporary directories.
-fn prepare_test_specific_dir() -> PathBuf {
-    let current = std::thread::current();
-    // Replace "::" with "_" to make it safe for directory names on Windows systems
-    let test_path = current.name().unwrap().replace("::", "_");
-
-    let testdir = parse("").tempdir().join(test_path);
-
-    // clean up any old test files
-    let _ = fs::remove_dir_all(&testdir);
-    let _ = fs::create_dir_all(&testdir);
-
-    testdir
-}
-
 #[test]
 fn download_ci_llvm() {
-    let config = parse("llvm.download-ci-llvm = false");
+    let config = TestCtx::new().config("check").create_config();
     assert!(!config.llvm_from_ci);
 
-    let if_unchanged_config = parse("llvm.download-ci-llvm = \"if-unchanged\"");
+    // this doesn't make sense, as we are overriding it later.
+    let if_unchanged_config = TestCtx::new()
+        .config("check")
+        .with_default_toml_config("llvm.download-ci-llvm = \"if-unchanged\"")
+        .create_config();
     if if_unchanged_config.llvm_from_ci && if_unchanged_config.is_running_on_ci {
         let has_changes = if_unchanged_config.has_changes_from_upstream(LLVM_INVALIDATION_PATHS);
 
@@ -64,62 +52,6 @@ fn download_ci_llvm() {
     }
 }
 
-// FIXME(onur-ozkan): extend scope of the test
-// refs:
-//   - https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/109120
-//   - https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/109162#issuecomment-1496782487
-#[test]
-fn detect_src_and_out() {
-    fn test(cfg: Config, build_dir: Option<&str>) {
-        // This will bring absolute form of `src/bootstrap` path
-        let current_dir = std::env::current_dir().unwrap();
-
-        // get `src` by moving into project root path
-        let expected_src = current_dir.ancestors().nth(2).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(&cfg.src, expected_src);
-
-        // Sanity check for `src`
-        let manifest_dir = Path::new(env!("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR"));
-        let expected_src = manifest_dir.ancestors().nth(2).unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(&cfg.src, expected_src);
-
-        // test if build-dir was manually given in bootstrap.toml
-        if let Some(custom_build_dir) = build_dir {
-            assert_eq!(&cfg.out, Path::new(custom_build_dir));
-        }
-        // test the native bootstrap way
-        else {
-            // This should bring output path of bootstrap in absolute form
-            let cargo_target_dir = env::var_os("CARGO_TARGET_DIR").expect(
-                "CARGO_TARGET_DIR must been provided for the test environment from bootstrap",
-            );
-
-            // Move to `build` from `build/bootstrap`
-            let expected_out = Path::new(&cargo_target_dir).parent().unwrap();
-            assert_eq!(&cfg.out, expected_out);
-
-            let args: Vec<String> = env::args().collect();
-
-            // Another test for `out` as a sanity check
-            //
-            // This will bring something similar to:
-            //     `{build-dir}/bootstrap/debug/deps/bootstrap-c7ee91d5661e2804`
-            // `{build-dir}` can be anywhere, not just in the rust project directory.
-            let dep = Path::new(args.first().unwrap());
-            let expected_out = dep.ancestors().nth(5).unwrap();
-
-            assert_eq!(&cfg.out, expected_out);
-        }
-    }
-
-    test(parse(""), None);
-
-    {
-        let build_dir = if cfg!(windows) { "C:\\tmp" } else { "/tmp" };
-        test(parse(&format!("build.build-dir = '{build_dir}'")), Some(build_dir));
-    }
-}
-
 #[test]
 fn clap_verify() {
     Flags::command().debug_assert();
@@ -127,54 +59,54 @@ fn clap_verify() {
 
 #[test]
 fn override_toml() {
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&[
-            "check".to_owned(),
-            "--config=/does/not/exist".to_owned(),
-            "--set=change-id=1".to_owned(),
-            "--set=rust.lto=fat".to_owned(),
-            "--set=rust.deny-warnings=false".to_owned(),
-            "--set=build.optimized-compiler-builtins=true".to_owned(),
-            "--set=build.gdb=\"bar\"".to_owned(),
-            "--set=build.tools=[\"cargo\"]".to_owned(),
-            "--set=llvm.build-config={\"foo\" = \"bar\"}".to_owned(),
-            "--set=target.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.runner=bar".to_owned(),
-            "--set=target.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.rpath=false".to_owned(),
-            "--set=target.aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu.sanitizers=false".to_owned(),
-            "--set=target.aarch64-apple-darwin.runner=apple".to_owned(),
-            "--set=target.aarch64-apple-darwin.optimized-compiler-builtins=false".to_owned(),
-        ]),
-        |&_| {
-            toml::from_str(
-                r#"
-change-id = 0
-[rust]
-lto = "off"
-deny-warnings = true
-download-rustc=false
-
-[build]
-gdb = "foo"
-tools = []
-
-[llvm]
-download-ci-llvm = false
-build-config = {}
-
-[target.aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu]
-sanitizers = true
-rpath = true
-runner = "aarch64-runner"
-
-[target.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu]
-sanitizers = true
-rpath = true
-runner = "x86_64-runner"
-
-                "#,
-            )
-        },
-    );
+    let config_toml: &str = r#"
+    change-id = 0
+
+    [rust]
+    lto = "off"
+    deny-warnings = true
+    download-rustc = false
+
+    [build]
+    gdb = "foo"
+    tools = []
+
+    [llvm]
+    download-ci-llvm = false
+    build-config = {}
+
+    [target.aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu]
+    sanitizers = true
+    rpath = true
+    runner = "aarch64-runner"
+
+    [target.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu]
+    sanitizers = true
+    rpath = true
+    runner = "x86_64-runner"
+    "#;
+
+    let args = [
+        "--set=change-id=1",
+        "--set=rust.lto=fat",
+        "--set=rust.deny-warnings=false",
+        "--set=build.optimized-compiler-builtins=true",
+        "--set=build.gdb=\"bar\"",
+        "--set=build.tools=[\"cargo\"]",
+        "--set=llvm.build-config={\"foo\" = \"bar\"}",
+        "--set=target.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.runner=bar",
+        "--set=target.x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.rpath=false",
+        "--set=target.aarch64-unknown-linux-gnu.sanitizers=false",
+        "--set=target.aarch64-apple-darwin.runner=apple",
+        "--set=target.aarch64-apple-darwin.optimized-compiler-builtins=false",
+    ];
+
+    let config = TestCtx::new()
+        .config("check")
+        .with_default_toml_config(config_toml)
+        .args(&args)
+        .create_config();
+
     assert_eq!(config.change_id, Some(ChangeId::Id(1)), "setting top-level value");
     assert_eq!(
         config.rust_lto,
@@ -233,33 +165,26 @@ runner = "x86_64-runner"
 #[test]
 #[should_panic]
 fn override_toml_duplicate() {
-    Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&[
-            "check".to_owned(),
-            "--config=/does/not/exist".to_string(),
-            "--set=change-id=1".to_owned(),
-            "--set=change-id=2".to_owned(),
-        ]),
-        |&_| toml::from_str("change-id = 0"),
-    );
+    TestCtx::new()
+        .config("check")
+        .with_default_toml_config("change-id = 0")
+        .arg("--set")
+        .arg("change-id=1")
+        .arg("--set")
+        .arg("change-id=2")
+        .create_config();
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn profile_user_dist() {
-    fn get_toml(file: &Path) -> Result<TomlConfig, toml::de::Error> {
-        let contents = if file.ends_with("bootstrap.toml")
-            || file.ends_with("config.toml")
-            || env::var_os("RUST_BOOTSTRAP_CONFIG").is_some()
-        {
-            "profile = \"user\"".to_owned()
-        } else {
-            assert!(file.ends_with("config.dist.toml") || file.ends_with("bootstrap.dist.toml"));
-            std::fs::read_to_string(file).unwrap()
-        };
-
-        toml::from_str(&contents).and_then(|table: toml::Value| TomlConfig::deserialize(table))
-    }
-    Config::parse_inner(Flags::parse(&["check".to_owned()]), get_toml);
+    TestCtx::new()
+        .config("check")
+        .with_default_toml_config(
+            r#"
+        profile = "user"
+    "#,
+        )
+        .create_config();
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -277,12 +202,15 @@ fn rust_optimize() {
 #[test]
 #[should_panic]
 fn invalid_rust_optimize() {
-    parse("rust.optimize = \"a\"");
+    TestCtx::new()
+        .config("check")
+        .with_default_toml_config("rust.optimize = \"a\"")
+        .create_config();
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn verify_file_integrity() {
-    let config = parse("");
+    let config = TestCtx::new().config("check").no_dry_run().create_config();
 
     let tempfile = config.tempdir().join(".tmp-test-file");
     File::create(&tempfile).unwrap().write_all(b"dummy value").unwrap();
@@ -292,17 +220,37 @@ fn verify_file_integrity() {
         config
             .verify(&tempfile, "7e255dd9542648a8779268a0f268b891a198e9828e860ed23f826440e786eae5")
     );
-
-    remove_file(tempfile).unwrap();
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn rust_lld() {
-    assert!(matches!(parse("").lld_mode, LldMode::Unused));
-    assert!(matches!(parse("rust.use-lld = \"self-contained\"").lld_mode, LldMode::SelfContained));
-    assert!(matches!(parse("rust.use-lld = \"external\"").lld_mode, LldMode::External));
-    assert!(matches!(parse("rust.use-lld = true").lld_mode, LldMode::External));
-    assert!(matches!(parse("rust.use-lld = false").lld_mode, LldMode::Unused));
+    assert!(matches!(parse("").bootstrap_override_lld, BootstrapOverrideLld::None));
+    assert!(matches!(
+        parse("rust.bootstrap-override-lld = \"self-contained\"").bootstrap_override_lld,
+        BootstrapOverrideLld::SelfContained
+    ));
+    assert!(matches!(
+        parse("rust.bootstrap-override-lld = \"external\"").bootstrap_override_lld,
+        BootstrapOverrideLld::External
+    ));
+    assert!(matches!(
+        parse("rust.bootstrap-override-lld = true").bootstrap_override_lld,
+        BootstrapOverrideLld::External
+    ));
+    assert!(matches!(
+        parse("rust.bootstrap-override-lld = false").bootstrap_override_lld,
+        BootstrapOverrideLld::None
+    ));
+
+    // Also check the legacy options
+    assert!(matches!(
+        parse("rust.use-lld = true").bootstrap_override_lld,
+        BootstrapOverrideLld::External
+    ));
+    assert!(matches!(
+        parse("rust.use-lld = false").bootstrap_override_lld,
+        BootstrapOverrideLld::None
+    ));
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -324,22 +272,23 @@ fn parse_change_id_with_unknown_field() {
 
 #[test]
 fn order_of_clippy_rules() {
-    let args = vec![
-        "clippy".to_string(),
-        "--fix".to_string(),
-        "--allow-dirty".to_string(),
-        "--allow-staged".to_string(),
-        "-Aclippy:all".to_string(),
-        "-Wclippy::style".to_string(),
-        "-Aclippy::foo1".to_string(),
-        "-Aclippy::foo2".to_string(),
+    let args = [
+        "clippy",
+        "--fix",
+        "--allow-dirty",
+        "--allow-staged",
+        "-Aclippy:all",
+        "-Wclippy::style",
+        "-Aclippy::foo1",
+        "-Aclippy::foo2",
     ];
-    let config = Config::parse(Flags::parse(&args));
+    let config = TestCtx::new().config(&args[0]).args(&args[1..]).create_config();
 
     let actual = match config.cmd.clone() {
         crate::Subcommand::Clippy { allow, deny, warn, forbid, .. } => {
             let cfg = LintConfig { allow, deny, warn, forbid };
-            get_clippy_rules_in_order(&args, &cfg)
+            let args_vec: Vec<String> = args.iter().map(|s| s.to_string()).collect();
+            get_clippy_rules_in_order(&args_vec, &cfg)
         }
         _ => panic!("invalid subcommand"),
     };
@@ -356,14 +305,14 @@ fn order_of_clippy_rules() {
 
 #[test]
 fn clippy_rule_separate_prefix() {
-    let args =
-        vec!["clippy".to_string(), "-A clippy:all".to_string(), "-W clippy::style".to_string()];
-    let config = Config::parse(Flags::parse(&args));
+    let args = ["clippy", "-A clippy:all", "-W clippy::style"];
+    let config = TestCtx::new().config(&args[0]).args(&args[1..]).create_config();
 
     let actual = match config.cmd.clone() {
         crate::Subcommand::Clippy { allow, deny, warn, forbid, .. } => {
             let cfg = LintConfig { allow, deny, warn, forbid };
-            get_clippy_rules_in_order(&args, &cfg)
+            let args_vec: Vec<String> = args.iter().map(|s| s.to_string()).collect();
+            get_clippy_rules_in_order(&args_vec, &cfg)
         }
         _ => panic!("invalid subcommand"),
     };
@@ -374,16 +323,20 @@ fn clippy_rule_separate_prefix() {
 
 #[test]
 fn verbose_tests_default_value() {
-    let config = Config::parse(Flags::parse(&["build".into(), "compiler".into()]));
+    let config = TestCtx::new().config("build").args(&["compiler".into()]).create_config();
     assert_eq!(config.verbose_tests, false);
 
-    let config = Config::parse(Flags::parse(&["build".into(), "compiler".into(), "-v".into()]));
+    let config =
+        TestCtx::new().config("build").args(&["compiler".into(), "-v".into()]).create_config();
     assert_eq!(config.verbose_tests, true);
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn parse_rust_std_features() {
-    let config = parse("rust.std-features = [\"panic-unwind\", \"backtrace\"]");
+    let config = TestCtx::new()
+        .config("check")
+        .with_default_toml_config("rust.std-features = [\"panic-unwind\", \"backtrace\"]")
+        .create_config();
     let expected_features: BTreeSet<String> =
         ["panic-unwind", "backtrace"].into_iter().map(|s| s.to_string()).collect();
     assert_eq!(config.rust_std_features, expected_features);
@@ -391,7 +344,10 @@ fn parse_rust_std_features() {
 
 #[test]
 fn parse_rust_std_features_empty() {
-    let config = parse("rust.std-features = []");
+    let config = TestCtx::new()
+        .config("check")
+        .with_default_toml_config("rust.std-features = []")
+        .create_config();
     let expected_features: BTreeSet<String> = BTreeSet::new();
     assert_eq!(config.rust_std_features, expected_features);
 }
@@ -399,70 +355,65 @@ fn parse_rust_std_features_empty() {
 #[test]
 #[should_panic]
 fn parse_rust_std_features_invalid() {
-    parse("rust.std-features = \"backtrace\"");
+    TestCtx::new()
+        .config("check")
+        .with_default_toml_config("rust.std-features = \"backtrace\"")
+        .create_config();
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn parse_jobs() {
-    assert_eq!(parse("build.jobs = 1").jobs, Some(1));
+    assert_eq!(
+        TestCtx::new()
+            .config("check")
+            .with_default_toml_config("build.jobs = 1")
+            .create_config()
+            .jobs,
+        Some(1)
+    );
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn jobs_precedence() {
     // `--jobs` should take precedence over using `--set build.jobs`.
 
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&[
-            "check".to_owned(),
-            "--config=/does/not/exist".to_owned(),
-            "--jobs=67890".to_owned(),
-            "--set=build.jobs=12345".to_owned(),
-        ]),
-        |&_| toml::from_str(""),
-    );
+    let config = TestCtx::new()
+        .config("check")
+        .args(&["--jobs=67890", "--set=build.jobs=12345"])
+        .create_config();
     assert_eq!(config.jobs, Some(67890));
 
     // `--set build.jobs` should take precedence over `bootstrap.toml`.
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&[
-            "check".to_owned(),
-            "--config=/does/not/exist".to_owned(),
-            "--set=build.jobs=12345".to_owned(),
-        ]),
-        |&_| {
-            toml::from_str(
-                r#"
-            [build]
-            jobs = 67890
-        "#,
-            )
-        },
-    );
+    let config = TestCtx::new()
+        .config("check")
+        .args(&["--set=build.jobs=12345"])
+        .with_default_toml_config(
+            r#"
+        [build]
+        jobs = 67890
+    "#,
+        )
+        .create_config();
+
     assert_eq!(config.jobs, Some(12345));
 
     // `--jobs` > `--set build.jobs` > `bootstrap.toml`
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&[
-            "check".to_owned(),
-            "--jobs=123".to_owned(),
-            "--config=/does/not/exist".to_owned(),
-            "--set=build.jobs=456".to_owned(),
-        ]),
-        |&_| {
-            toml::from_str(
-                r#"
-            [build]
-            jobs = 789
-        "#,
-            )
-        },
-    );
+    let config = TestCtx::new()
+        .config("check")
+        .args(&["--jobs=123", "--set=build.jobs=456"])
+        .with_default_toml_config(
+            r#"
+        [build]
+        jobs = 789
+    "#,
+        )
+        .create_config();
     assert_eq!(config.jobs, Some(123));
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn check_rustc_if_unchanged_paths() {
-    let config = parse("");
+    let config = TestCtx::new().config("check").create_config();
     let normalised_allowed_paths: Vec<_> = RUSTC_IF_UNCHANGED_ALLOWED_PATHS
         .iter()
         .map(|t| {
@@ -477,59 +428,42 @@ fn check_rustc_if_unchanged_paths() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_explicit_stage() {
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&["check".to_owned(), "--config=/does/not/exist".to_owned()]),
-        |&_| {
-            toml::from_str(
-                r#"
+    let config = TestCtx::new()
+        .config("check")
+        .with_default_toml_config(
+            r#"
             [build]
             test-stage = 1
         "#,
-            )
-        },
-    );
+        )
+        .create_config();
 
     assert!(!config.explicit_stage_from_cli);
     assert!(config.explicit_stage_from_config);
     assert!(config.is_explicit_stage());
 
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&[
-            "check".to_owned(),
-            "--stage=2".to_owned(),
-            "--config=/does/not/exist".to_owned(),
-        ]),
-        |&_| toml::from_str(""),
-    );
+    let config = TestCtx::new().config("check").stage(2).create_config();
 
     assert!(config.explicit_stage_from_cli);
     assert!(!config.explicit_stage_from_config);
     assert!(config.is_explicit_stage());
 
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&[
-            "check".to_owned(),
-            "--stage=2".to_owned(),
-            "--config=/does/not/exist".to_owned(),
-        ]),
-        |&_| {
-            toml::from_str(
-                r#"
+    let config = TestCtx::new()
+        .config("check")
+        .stage(2)
+        .with_default_toml_config(
+            r#"
             [build]
             test-stage = 1
         "#,
-            )
-        },
-    );
+        )
+        .create_config();
 
     assert!(config.explicit_stage_from_cli);
     assert!(config.explicit_stage_from_config);
     assert!(config.is_explicit_stage());
 
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&["check".to_owned(), "--config=/does/not/exist".to_owned()]),
-        |&_| toml::from_str(""),
-    );
+    let config = TestCtx::new().config("check").create_config();
 
     assert!(!config.explicit_stage_from_cli);
     assert!(!config.explicit_stage_from_config);
@@ -539,7 +473,10 @@ fn test_explicit_stage() {
 #[test]
 fn test_exclude() {
     let exclude_path = "compiler";
-    let config = parse(&format!("build.exclude=[\"{}\"]", exclude_path));
+    let config = TestCtx::new()
+        .config("check")
+        .with_default_toml_config(&format!("build.exclude=[\"{}\"]", exclude_path))
+        .create_config();
 
     let first_excluded = config
         .skip
@@ -553,32 +490,20 @@ fn test_exclude() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_ci_flag() {
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(Flags::parse(&["check".into(), "--ci=false".into()]), |&_| {
-        toml::from_str("")
-    });
+    let config = TestCtx::new().config("check").arg("--ci").arg("false").create_config();
     assert!(!config.is_running_on_ci);
 
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(Flags::parse(&["check".into(), "--ci=true".into()]), |&_| {
-        toml::from_str("")
-    });
+    let config = TestCtx::new().config("check").arg("--ci").arg("true").create_config();
     assert!(config.is_running_on_ci);
 
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(Flags::parse(&["check".into()]), |&_| toml::from_str(""));
+    let config = TestCtx::new().config("check").create_config();
     assert_eq!(config.is_running_on_ci, CiEnv::is_ci());
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_precedence_of_includes() {
-    let testdir = prepare_test_specific_dir();
-
-    let root_config = testdir.join("config.toml");
-    let root_config_content = br#"
-        include = ["./extension.toml"]
-
-        [llvm]
-        link-jobs = 2
-    "#;
-    File::create(&root_config).unwrap().write_all(root_config_content).unwrap();
+    let test_ctx = TestCtx::new();
+    let testdir = test_ctx.dir();
 
     let extension = testdir.join("extension.toml");
     let extension_content = br#"
@@ -599,10 +524,17 @@ fn test_precedence_of_includes() {
     "#;
     File::create(extension).unwrap().write_all(extension_content).unwrap();
 
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&["check".to_owned(), format!("--config={}", root_config.to_str().unwrap())]),
-        get_toml,
-    );
+    let config = test_ctx
+        .config("check")
+        .with_default_toml_config(
+            r#"
+        include = ["./extension.toml"]
+
+        [llvm]
+        link-jobs = 2
+    "#,
+        )
+        .create_config();
 
     assert_eq!(config.change_id.unwrap(), ChangeId::Id(543));
     assert_eq!(config.llvm_link_jobs.unwrap(), 2);
@@ -612,36 +544,29 @@ fn test_precedence_of_includes() {
 #[test]
 #[should_panic(expected = "Cyclic inclusion detected")]
 fn test_cyclic_include_direct() {
-    let testdir = prepare_test_specific_dir();
-
-    let root_config = testdir.join("config.toml");
-    let root_config_content = br#"
-        include = ["./extension.toml"]
-    "#;
-    File::create(&root_config).unwrap().write_all(root_config_content).unwrap();
-
+    let test_ctx = TestCtx::new();
+    let testdir = test_ctx.dir();
     let extension = testdir.join("extension.toml");
     let extension_content = br#"
-        include = ["./config.toml"]
+        include = ["./bootstrap.toml"]
     "#;
     File::create(extension).unwrap().write_all(extension_content).unwrap();
 
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&["check".to_owned(), format!("--config={}", root_config.to_str().unwrap())]),
-        get_toml,
-    );
+    test_ctx
+        .config("check")
+        .with_default_toml_config(
+            r#"
+        include = ["./extension.toml"]
+    "#,
+        )
+        .create_config();
 }
 
 #[test]
 #[should_panic(expected = "Cyclic inclusion detected")]
 fn test_cyclic_include_indirect() {
-    let testdir = prepare_test_specific_dir();
-
-    let root_config = testdir.join("config.toml");
-    let root_config_content = br#"
-        include = ["./extension.toml"]
-    "#;
-    File::create(&root_config).unwrap().write_all(root_config_content).unwrap();
+    let test_ctx = TestCtx::new();
+    let testdir = test_ctx.dir();
 
     let extension = testdir.join("extension.toml");
     let extension_content = br#"
@@ -661,43 +586,37 @@ fn test_cyclic_include_indirect() {
     "#;
     File::create(extension).unwrap().write_all(extension_content).unwrap();
 
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&["check".to_owned(), format!("--config={}", root_config.to_str().unwrap())]),
-        get_toml,
-    );
+    test_ctx
+        .config("check")
+        .with_default_toml_config(
+            r#"
+        include = ["./extension.toml"]
+    "#,
+        )
+        .create_config();
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_include_absolute_paths() {
-    let testdir = prepare_test_specific_dir();
+    let test_ctx = TestCtx::new();
+    let testdir = test_ctx.dir();
 
     let extension = testdir.join("extension.toml");
     File::create(&extension).unwrap().write_all(&[]).unwrap();
 
-    let root_config = testdir.join("config.toml");
     let extension_absolute_path =
         extension.canonicalize().unwrap().to_str().unwrap().replace('\\', r"\\");
     let root_config_content = format!(r#"include = ["{}"]"#, extension_absolute_path);
-    File::create(&root_config).unwrap().write_all(root_config_content.as_bytes()).unwrap();
-
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&["check".to_owned(), format!("--config={}", root_config.to_str().unwrap())]),
-        get_toml,
-    );
+    test_ctx.config("check").with_default_toml_config(&root_config_content).create_config();
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_include_relative_paths() {
-    let testdir = prepare_test_specific_dir();
+    let test_ctx = TestCtx::new();
+    let testdir = test_ctx.dir();
 
     let _ = fs::create_dir_all(&testdir.join("subdir/another_subdir"));
 
-    let root_config = testdir.join("config.toml");
-    let root_config_content = br#"
-        include = ["./subdir/extension.toml"]
-    "#;
-    File::create(&root_config).unwrap().write_all(root_config_content).unwrap();
-
     let extension = testdir.join("subdir/extension.toml");
     let extension_content = br#"
         include = ["../extension2.toml"]
@@ -719,22 +638,20 @@ fn test_include_relative_paths() {
     let extension = testdir.join("extension4.toml");
     File::create(extension).unwrap().write_all(&[]).unwrap();
 
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&["check".to_owned(), format!("--config={}", root_config.to_str().unwrap())]),
-        get_toml,
-    );
+    test_ctx
+        .config("check")
+        .with_default_toml_config(
+            r#"
+        include = ["./subdir/extension.toml"]
+    "#,
+        )
+        .create_config();
 }
 
 #[test]
 fn test_include_precedence_over_profile() {
-    let testdir = prepare_test_specific_dir();
-
-    let root_config = testdir.join("config.toml");
-    let root_config_content = br#"
-        profile = "dist"
-        include = ["./extension.toml"]
-    "#;
-    File::create(&root_config).unwrap().write_all(root_config_content).unwrap();
+    let test_ctx = TestCtx::new();
+    let testdir = test_ctx.dir();
 
     let extension = testdir.join("extension.toml");
     let extension_content = br#"
@@ -743,10 +660,15 @@ fn test_include_precedence_over_profile() {
     "#;
     File::create(extension).unwrap().write_all(extension_content).unwrap();
 
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(
-        Flags::parse(&["check".to_owned(), format!("--config={}", root_config.to_str().unwrap())]),
-        get_toml,
-    );
+    let config = test_ctx
+        .config("check")
+        .with_default_toml_config(
+            r#"
+        profile = "dist"
+        include = ["./extension.toml"]
+    "#,
+        )
+        .create_config();
 
     // "dist" profile would normally set the channel to "auto-detect", but includes should
     // override profile settings, so we expect this to be "dev" here.
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/toml/build.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/toml/build.rs
index a9d4d3961c9..c63673dd980 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/toml/build.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/toml/build.rs
@@ -70,6 +70,8 @@ define_config! {
         jobs: Option<u32> = "jobs",
         compiletest_diff_tool: Option<String> = "compiletest-diff-tool",
         compiletest_allow_stage0: Option<bool> = "compiletest-allow-stage0",
+        /// No longer has any effect; kept (for now) to avoid breaking people's configs.
+        /// FIXME(#146929): Remove this in 2026.
         compiletest_use_stage0_libtest: Option<bool> = "compiletest-use-stage0-libtest",
         tidy_extra_checks: Option<String> = "tidy-extra-checks",
         ccache: Option<StringOrBool> = "ccache",
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/toml/mod.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/toml/mod.rs
index 7af22432ef8..f6dc5b67e10 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/toml/mod.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/toml/mod.rs
@@ -152,10 +152,6 @@ impl Config {
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn get_toml(file: &Path) -> Result<TomlConfig, toml::de::Error> {
-        #[cfg(test)]
-        return Ok(TomlConfig::default());
-
-        #[cfg(not(test))]
         Self::get_toml_inner(file)
     }
 
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/toml/rust.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/toml/rust.rs
index e5987d7040a..ca9e0d0bc98 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/toml/rust.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/config/toml/rust.rs
@@ -45,7 +45,9 @@ define_config! {
         codegen_backends: Option<Vec<String>> = "codegen-backends",
         llvm_bitcode_linker: Option<bool> = "llvm-bitcode-linker",
         lld: Option<bool> = "lld",
-        lld_mode: Option<LldMode> = "use-lld",
+        bootstrap_override_lld: Option<BootstrapOverrideLld> = "bootstrap-override-lld",
+        // FIXME: Remove this option in Spring 2026
+        bootstrap_override_lld_legacy: Option<BootstrapOverrideLld> = "use-lld",
         llvm_tools: Option<bool> = "llvm-tools",
         deny_warnings: Option<bool> = "deny-warnings",
         backtrace_on_ice: Option<bool> = "backtrace-on-ice",
@@ -70,22 +72,33 @@ define_config! {
     }
 }
 
-/// LLD in bootstrap works like this:
-/// - Self-contained lld: use `rust-lld` from the compiler's sysroot
+/// Determines if we should override the linker used for linking Rust code built
+/// during the bootstrapping process to be LLD.
+///
+/// The primary use-case for this is to make local (re)builds of Rust code faster
+/// when using bootstrap.
+///
+/// This does not affect the *behavior* of the built/distributed compiler when invoked
+/// outside of bootstrap.
+/// It might affect its performance/binary size though, as that can depend on the
+/// linker that links rustc.
+///
+/// There are two ways of overriding the linker to be LLD:
+/// - Self-contained LLD: use `rust-lld` from the compiler's sysroot
 /// - External: use an external `lld` binary
 ///
 /// It is configured depending on the target:
 /// 1) Everything except MSVC
-/// - Self-contained: `-Clinker-flavor=gnu-lld-cc -Clink-self-contained=+linker`
-/// - External: `-Clinker-flavor=gnu-lld-cc`
+/// - Self-contained: `-Clinker-features=+lld -Clink-self-contained=+linker`
+/// - External: `-Clinker-features=+lld`
 /// 2) MSVC
 /// - Self-contained: `-Clinker=<path to rust-lld>`
 /// - External: `-Clinker=lld`
 #[derive(Copy, Clone, Default, Debug, PartialEq)]
-pub enum LldMode {
-    /// Do not use LLD
+pub enum BootstrapOverrideLld {
+    /// Do not override the linker LLD
     #[default]
-    Unused,
+    None,
     /// Use `rust-lld` from the compiler's sysroot
     SelfContained,
     /// Use an externally provided `lld` binary.
@@ -94,16 +107,16 @@ pub enum LldMode {
     External,
 }
 
-impl LldMode {
+impl BootstrapOverrideLld {
     pub fn is_used(&self) -> bool {
         match self {
-            LldMode::SelfContained | LldMode::External => true,
-            LldMode::Unused => false,
+            BootstrapOverrideLld::SelfContained | BootstrapOverrideLld::External => true,
+            BootstrapOverrideLld::None => false,
         }
     }
 }
 
-impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for LldMode {
+impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for BootstrapOverrideLld {
     fn deserialize<D>(deserializer: D) -> Result<Self, D::Error>
     where
         D: Deserializer<'de>,
@@ -111,7 +124,7 @@ impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for LldMode {
         struct LldModeVisitor;
 
         impl serde::de::Visitor<'_> for LldModeVisitor {
-            type Value = LldMode;
+            type Value = BootstrapOverrideLld;
 
             fn expecting(&self, formatter: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
                 formatter.write_str("one of true, 'self-contained' or 'external'")
@@ -121,7 +134,7 @@ impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for LldMode {
             where
                 E: serde::de::Error,
             {
-                Ok(if v { LldMode::External } else { LldMode::Unused })
+                Ok(if v { BootstrapOverrideLld::External } else { BootstrapOverrideLld::None })
             }
 
             fn visit_str<E>(self, v: &str) -> Result<Self::Value, E>
@@ -129,8 +142,8 @@ impl<'de> Deserialize<'de> for LldMode {
                 E: serde::de::Error,
             {
                 match v {
-                    "external" => Ok(LldMode::External),
-                    "self-contained" => Ok(LldMode::SelfContained),
+                    "external" => Ok(BootstrapOverrideLld::External),
+                    "self-contained" => Ok(BootstrapOverrideLld::SelfContained),
                     _ => Err(E::custom(format!("unknown mode {v}"))),
                 }
             }
@@ -311,7 +324,6 @@ pub fn check_incompatible_options_for_ci_rustc(
         lto,
         stack_protector,
         strip,
-        lld_mode,
         jemalloc,
         rpath,
         channel,
@@ -359,6 +371,8 @@ pub fn check_incompatible_options_for_ci_rustc(
         frame_pointers: _,
         break_on_ice: _,
         parallel_frontend_threads: _,
+        bootstrap_override_lld: _,
+        bootstrap_override_lld_legacy: _,
     } = ci_rust_config;
 
     // There are two kinds of checks for CI rustc incompatible options:
@@ -374,7 +388,6 @@ pub fn check_incompatible_options_for_ci_rustc(
     err!(current_rust_config.debuginfo_level_rustc, debuginfo_level_rustc, "rust");
     err!(current_rust_config.rpath, rpath, "rust");
     err!(current_rust_config.strip, strip, "rust");
-    err!(current_rust_config.lld_mode, lld_mode, "rust");
     err!(current_rust_config.llvm_tools, llvm_tools, "rust");
     err!(current_rust_config.llvm_bitcode_linker, llvm_bitcode_linker, "rust");
     err!(current_rust_config.jemalloc, jemalloc, "rust");
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/download.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/download.rs
index 2f3c80559c0..a096d116e73 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/download.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/download.rs
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ enum DownloadSource {
 /// Functions that are only ever called once, but named for clarity and to avoid thousand-line functions.
 impl Config {
     pub(crate) fn download_clippy(&self) -> PathBuf {
-        self.verbose(|| println!("downloading stage0 clippy artifacts"));
+        self.do_if_verbose(|| println!("downloading stage0 clippy artifacts"));
 
         let date = &self.stage0_metadata.compiler.date;
         let version = &self.stage0_metadata.compiler.version;
@@ -151,7 +151,9 @@ impl Config {
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn download_ci_rustc(&self, commit: &str) {
-        self.verbose(|| println!("using downloaded stage2 artifacts from CI (commit {commit})"));
+        self.do_if_verbose(|| {
+            println!("using downloaded stage2 artifacts from CI (commit {commit})")
+        });
 
         let version = self.artifact_version_part(commit);
         // download-rustc doesn't need its own cargo, it can just use beta's. But it does need the
@@ -258,7 +260,7 @@ impl Config {
         let llvm_root = self.ci_llvm_root();
         let llvm_freshness =
             detect_llvm_freshness(self, self.rust_info.is_managed_git_subrepository());
-        self.verbose(|| {
+        self.do_if_verbose(|| {
             eprintln!("LLVM freshness: {llvm_freshness:?}");
         });
         let llvm_sha = match llvm_freshness {
@@ -504,7 +506,7 @@ pub(crate) fn maybe_download_rustfmt<'a>(
         return Some(PathBuf::new());
     }
 
-    let VersionMetadata { date, version } = dwn_ctx.stage0_metadata.rustfmt.as_ref()?;
+    let VersionMetadata { date, version, .. } = dwn_ctx.stage0_metadata.rustfmt.as_ref()?;
     let channel = format!("{version}-{date}");
 
     let host = dwn_ctx.host_target;
@@ -557,7 +559,7 @@ pub(crate) fn download_beta_toolchain<'a>(dwn_ctx: impl AsRef<DownloadContext<'a
 #[cfg(not(test))]
 pub(crate) fn download_beta_toolchain<'a>(dwn_ctx: impl AsRef<DownloadContext<'a>>, out: &Path) {
     let dwn_ctx = dwn_ctx.as_ref();
-    dwn_ctx.exec_ctx.verbose(|| {
+    dwn_ctx.exec_ctx.do_if_verbose(|| {
         println!("downloading stage0 beta artifacts");
     });
 
@@ -812,7 +814,7 @@ fn download_component<'a>(
                 unpack(dwn_ctx.exec_ctx, &tarball, &bin_root, prefix);
                 return;
             } else {
-                dwn_ctx.exec_ctx.verbose(|| {
+                dwn_ctx.exec_ctx.do_if_verbose(|| {
                     println!(
                         "ignoring cached file {} due to failed verification",
                         tarball.display()
@@ -853,7 +855,7 @@ download-rustc = false
 pub(crate) fn verify(exec_ctx: &ExecutionContext, path: &Path, expected: &str) -> bool {
     use sha2::Digest;
 
-    exec_ctx.verbose(|| {
+    exec_ctx.do_if_verbose(|| {
         println!("verifying {}", path.display());
     });
 
@@ -934,7 +936,7 @@ fn unpack(exec_ctx: &ExecutionContext, tarball: &Path, dst: &Path, pattern: &str
         short_path = short_path.strip_prefix(pattern).unwrap_or(short_path);
         let dst_path = dst.join(short_path);
 
-        exec_ctx.verbose(|| {
+        exec_ctx.do_if_verbose(|| {
             println!("extracting {} to {}", original_path.display(), dst.display());
         });
 
@@ -965,7 +967,7 @@ fn download_file<'a>(
 ) {
     let dwn_ctx = dwn_ctx.as_ref();
 
-    dwn_ctx.exec_ctx.verbose(|| {
+    dwn_ctx.exec_ctx.do_if_verbose(|| {
         println!("download {url}");
     });
     // Use a temporary file in case we crash while downloading, to avoid a corrupt download in cache/.
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/core/sanity.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/core/sanity.rs
index 68202500d97..eaa9e3a6a3e 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/core/sanity.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/core/sanity.rs
@@ -33,11 +33,8 @@ pub struct Finder {
 //
 // Targets can be removed from this list once they are present in the stage0 compiler (usually by updating the beta compiler of the bootstrap).
 const STAGE0_MISSING_TARGETS: &[&str] = &[
-    "armv7a-vex-v5",
-    "riscv64a23-unknown-linux-gnu",
     // just a dummy comment so the list doesn't get onelined
-    "aarch64_be-unknown-hermit",
-    "aarch64_be-unknown-none-softfloat",
+    "x86_64-unknown-motor",
 ];
 
 /// Minimum version threshold for libstdc++ required when using prebuilt LLVM
@@ -239,6 +236,10 @@ than building it.
             continue;
         }
 
+        if target.contains("motor") {
+            continue;
+        }
+
         // skip check for cross-targets
         if skip_target_sanity && target != &build.host_target {
             continue;
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/lib.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/lib.rs
index e953fe2945e..dd30f05b728 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/lib.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/lib.rs
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ use utils::exec::ExecutionContext;
 
 use crate::core::builder;
 use crate::core::builder::Kind;
-use crate::core::config::{DryRun, LldMode, LlvmLibunwind, TargetSelection, flags};
+use crate::core::config::{BootstrapOverrideLld, DryRun, LlvmLibunwind, TargetSelection, flags};
 use crate::utils::exec::{BootstrapCommand, command};
 use crate::utils::helpers::{self, dir_is_empty, exe, libdir, set_file_times, split_debuginfo};
 
@@ -327,8 +327,8 @@ pub enum Mode {
     ToolTarget,
 
     /// Build a tool which uses the locally built std, placing output in the
-    /// "stageN-tools" directory. Its usage is quite rare, mainly used by
-    /// compiletest which needs libtest.
+    /// "stageN-tools" directory. Its usage is quite rare; historically it was
+    /// needed by compiletest, but now it is mainly used by `test-float-parse`.
     ToolStd,
 
     /// Build a tool which uses the `rustc_private` mechanism, and thus
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ macro_rules! forward {
 }
 
 forward! {
-    verbose(f: impl Fn()),
+    do_if_verbose(f: impl Fn()),
     is_verbose() -> bool,
     create(path: &Path, s: &str),
     remove(f: &Path),
@@ -601,11 +601,11 @@ impl Build {
             .unwrap()
             .trim();
         if local_release.split('.').take(2).eq(version.split('.').take(2)) {
-            build.verbose(|| println!("auto-detected local-rebuild {local_release}"));
+            build.do_if_verbose(|| println!("auto-detected local-rebuild {local_release}"));
             build.local_rebuild = true;
         }
 
-        build.verbose(|| println!("finding compilers"));
+        build.do_if_verbose(|| println!("finding compilers"));
         utils::cc_detect::fill_compilers(&mut build);
         // When running `setup`, the profile is about to change, so any requirements we have now may
         // be different on the next invocation. Don't check for them until the next time x.py is
@@ -613,7 +613,7 @@ impl Build {
         //
         // Similarly, for `setup` we don't actually need submodules or cargo metadata.
         if !matches!(build.config.cmd, Subcommand::Setup { .. }) {
-            build.verbose(|| println!("running sanity check"));
+            build.do_if_verbose(|| println!("running sanity check"));
             crate::core::sanity::check(&mut build);
 
             // Make sure we update these before gathering metadata so we don't get an error about missing
@@ -631,7 +631,7 @@ impl Build {
             // Now, update all existing submodules.
             build.update_existing_submodules();
 
-            build.verbose(|| println!("learning about cargo"));
+            build.do_if_verbose(|| println!("learning about cargo"));
             crate::core::metadata::build(&mut build);
         }
 
@@ -1087,18 +1087,6 @@ impl Build {
         })
     }
 
-    /// Check if verbosity is greater than the `level`
-    pub fn is_verbose_than(&self, level: usize) -> bool {
-        self.verbosity > level
-    }
-
-    /// Runs a function if verbosity is greater than `level`.
-    fn verbose_than(&self, level: usize, f: impl Fn()) {
-        if self.is_verbose_than(level) {
-            f()
-        }
-    }
-
     fn info(&self, msg: &str) {
         match self.config.get_dry_run() {
             DryRun::SelfCheck => (),
@@ -1370,14 +1358,14 @@ impl Build {
             && !target.is_msvc()
         {
             Some(self.cc(target))
-        } else if self.config.lld_mode.is_used()
+        } else if self.config.bootstrap_override_lld.is_used()
             && self.is_lld_direct_linker(target)
             && self.host_target == target
         {
-            match self.config.lld_mode {
-                LldMode::SelfContained => Some(self.initial_lld.clone()),
-                LldMode::External => Some("lld".into()),
-                LldMode::Unused => None,
+            match self.config.bootstrap_override_lld {
+                BootstrapOverrideLld::SelfContained => Some(self.initial_lld.clone()),
+                BootstrapOverrideLld::External => Some("lld".into()),
+                BootstrapOverrideLld::None => None,
             }
         } else {
             None
@@ -1816,7 +1804,6 @@ impl Build {
         if self.config.dry_run() {
             return;
         }
-        self.verbose_than(1, || println!("Copy/Link {src:?} to {dst:?}"));
         if src == dst {
             return;
         }
@@ -1933,7 +1920,10 @@ impl Build {
             return;
         }
         let dst = dstdir.join(src.file_name().unwrap());
-        self.verbose_than(1, || println!("Install {src:?} to {dst:?}"));
+
+        #[cfg(feature = "tracing")]
+        let _span = trace_io!("install", ?src, ?dst);
+
         t!(fs::create_dir_all(dstdir));
         if !src.exists() {
             panic!("ERROR: File \"{}\" not found!", src.display());
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/build_stamp.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/build_stamp.rs
index 4c35388a181..5cd68f6d4fe 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/build_stamp.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/build_stamp.rs
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ pub fn clear_if_dirty(builder: &Builder<'_>, dir: &Path, input: &Path) -> bool {
     let stamp = BuildStamp::new(dir);
     let mut cleared = false;
     if mtime(stamp.path()) < mtime(input) {
-        builder.verbose(|| println!("Dirty - {}", dir.display()));
+        builder.do_if_verbose(|| println!("Dirty - {}", dir.display()));
         let _ = fs::remove_dir_all(dir);
         cleared = true;
     } else if stamp.path().exists() {
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/cc_detect.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/cc_detect.rs
index d3926df9650..0662ae304ac 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/cc_detect.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/cc_detect.rs
@@ -137,16 +137,16 @@ pub fn fill_target_compiler(build: &mut Build, target: TargetSelection) {
         build.cxx.insert(target, compiler);
     }
 
-    build.verbose(|| println!("CC_{} = {:?}", target.triple, build.cc(target)));
-    build.verbose(|| println!("CFLAGS_{} = {cflags:?}", target.triple));
+    build.do_if_verbose(|| println!("CC_{} = {:?}", target.triple, build.cc(target)));
+    build.do_if_verbose(|| println!("CFLAGS_{} = {cflags:?}", target.triple));
     if let Ok(cxx) = build.cxx(target) {
         let mut cxxflags = build.cc_handled_clags(target, CLang::Cxx);
         cxxflags.extend(build.cc_unhandled_cflags(target, GitRepo::Rustc, CLang::Cxx));
-        build.verbose(|| println!("CXX_{} = {cxx:?}", target.triple));
-        build.verbose(|| println!("CXXFLAGS_{} = {cxxflags:?}", target.triple));
+        build.do_if_verbose(|| println!("CXX_{} = {cxx:?}", target.triple));
+        build.do_if_verbose(|| println!("CXXFLAGS_{} = {cxxflags:?}", target.triple));
     }
     if let Some(ar) = ar {
-        build.verbose(|| println!("AR_{} = {ar:?}", target.triple));
+        build.do_if_verbose(|| println!("AR_{} = {ar:?}", target.triple));
         build.ar.insert(target, ar);
     }
 
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/change_tracker.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/change_tracker.rs
index 6b187578c31..853fc4e6623 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/change_tracker.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/change_tracker.rs
@@ -556,4 +556,14 @@ pub const CONFIG_CHANGE_HISTORY: &[ChangeInfo] = &[
         severity: ChangeSeverity::Info,
         summary: "New option `build.windows-rc` that will override which resource compiler on Windows will be used to compile Rust.",
     },
+    ChangeInfo {
+        change_id: 147046,
+        severity: ChangeSeverity::Warning,
+        summary: "The `rust.use-lld` option has been renamed to `rust.bootstrap-override-lld`. Note that it only serves for overriding the linker used when building Rust code in bootstrap to be LLD.",
+    },
+    ChangeInfo {
+        change_id: 146929,
+        severity: ChangeSeverity::Info,
+        summary: "`compiletest` is now always built with the stage 0 compiler, so `build.compiletest-use-stage0-libtest` has no effect.",
+    },
 ];
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/exec.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/exec.rs
index e09f3086b77..f875e6e1af7 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/exec.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/exec.rs
@@ -630,7 +630,7 @@ impl ExecutionContext {
         &self.dry_run
     }
 
-    pub fn verbose(&self, f: impl Fn()) {
+    pub fn do_if_verbose(&self, f: impl Fn()) {
         if self.is_verbose() {
             f()
         }
@@ -686,7 +686,7 @@ impl ExecutionContext {
 
         if let Some(cached_output) = self.command_cache.get(&fingerprint) {
             command.mark_as_executed();
-            self.verbose(|| println!("Cache hit: {command:?}"));
+            self.do_if_verbose(|| println!("Cache hit: {command:?}"));
             self.profiler.record_cache_hit(fingerprint);
             return DeferredCommand { state: CommandState::Cached(cached_output) };
         }
@@ -713,7 +713,7 @@ impl ExecutionContext {
             };
         }
 
-        self.verbose(|| {
+        self.do_if_verbose(|| {
             println!("running: {command:?} (created at {created_at}, executed at {executed_at})")
         });
 
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/helpers.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/helpers.rs
index e802c0214dd..faada9a111d 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/helpers.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/helpers.rs
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use std::{env, fs, io, panic, str};
 
 use object::read::archive::ArchiveFile;
 
-use crate::LldMode;
+use crate::BootstrapOverrideLld;
 use crate::core::builder::Builder;
 use crate::core::config::{Config, TargetSelection};
 use crate::utils::exec::{BootstrapCommand, command};
@@ -357,15 +357,19 @@ pub fn get_clang_cl_resource_dir(builder: &Builder<'_>, clang_cl_path: &str) ->
 /// Returns a flag that configures LLD to use only a single thread.
 /// If we use an external LLD, we need to find out which version is it to know which flag should we
 /// pass to it (LLD older than version 10 had a different flag).
-fn lld_flag_no_threads(builder: &Builder<'_>, lld_mode: LldMode, is_windows: bool) -> &'static str {
+fn lld_flag_no_threads(
+    builder: &Builder<'_>,
+    bootstrap_override_lld: BootstrapOverrideLld,
+    is_windows: bool,
+) -> &'static str {
     static LLD_NO_THREADS: OnceLock<(&'static str, &'static str)> = OnceLock::new();
 
     let new_flags = ("/threads:1", "--threads=1");
     let old_flags = ("/no-threads", "--no-threads");
 
     let (windows_flag, other_flag) = LLD_NO_THREADS.get_or_init(|| {
-        let newer_version = match lld_mode {
-            LldMode::External => {
+        let newer_version = match bootstrap_override_lld {
+            BootstrapOverrideLld::External => {
                 let mut cmd = command("lld");
                 cmd.arg("-flavor").arg("ld").arg("--version");
                 let out = cmd.run_capture_stdout(builder).stdout();
@@ -422,24 +426,28 @@ pub fn linker_flags(
     lld_threads: LldThreads,
 ) -> Vec<String> {
     let mut args = vec![];
-    if !builder.is_lld_direct_linker(target) && builder.config.lld_mode.is_used() {
-        match builder.config.lld_mode {
-            LldMode::External => {
+    if !builder.is_lld_direct_linker(target) && builder.config.bootstrap_override_lld.is_used() {
+        match builder.config.bootstrap_override_lld {
+            BootstrapOverrideLld::External => {
                 args.push("-Clinker-features=+lld".to_string());
                 args.push("-Zunstable-options".to_string());
             }
-            LldMode::SelfContained => {
+            BootstrapOverrideLld::SelfContained => {
                 args.push("-Clinker-features=+lld".to_string());
                 args.push("-Clink-self-contained=+linker".to_string());
                 args.push("-Zunstable-options".to_string());
             }
-            LldMode::Unused => unreachable!(),
+            BootstrapOverrideLld::None => unreachable!(),
         };
 
         if matches!(lld_threads, LldThreads::No) {
             args.push(format!(
                 "-Clink-arg=-Wl,{}",
-                lld_flag_no_threads(builder, builder.config.lld_mode, target.is_windows())
+                lld_flag_no_threads(
+                    builder,
+                    builder.config.bootstrap_override_lld,
+                    target.is_windows()
+                )
             ));
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/helpers/tests.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/helpers/tests.rs
index 9030ca2820a..676fe6cbd5f 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/helpers/tests.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/helpers/tests.rs
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ use crate::utils::helpers::{
     check_cfg_arg, extract_beta_rev, hex_encode, make, set_file_times, submodule_path_of,
     symlink_dir,
 };
+use crate::utils::tests::TestCtx;
 use crate::{Config, Flags};
 
 #[test]
@@ -59,8 +60,7 @@ fn test_check_cfg_arg() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_symlink_dir() {
-    let config =
-        Config::parse(Flags::parse(&["check".to_owned(), "--config=/does/not/exist".to_owned()]));
+    let config = TestCtx::new().config("check").no_dry_run().create_config();
     let tempdir = config.tempdir().join(".tmp-dir");
     let link_path = config.tempdir().join(".tmp-link");
 
@@ -80,8 +80,7 @@ fn test_symlink_dir() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_set_file_times_sanity_check() {
-    let config =
-        Config::parse(Flags::parse(&["check".to_owned(), "--config=/does/not/exist".to_owned()]));
+    let config = TestCtx::new().config("check").create_config();
     let tempfile = config.tempdir().join(".tmp-file");
 
     {
@@ -102,9 +101,7 @@ fn test_set_file_times_sanity_check() {
 
 #[test]
 fn test_submodule_path_of() {
-    let config = Config::parse_inner(Flags::parse(&["build".into(), "--dry-run".into()]), |&_| {
-        Ok(Default::default())
-    });
+    let config = TestCtx::new().config("build").create_config();
 
     let build = crate::Build::new(config.clone());
     let builder = crate::core::builder::Builder::new(&build);
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/render_tests.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/render_tests.rs
index 90fd57d976d..e90a7ef4232 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/render_tests.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/render_tests.rs
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ pub(crate) fn try_run_tests(
 }
 
 fn run_tests(builder: &Builder<'_>, cmd: &mut BootstrapCommand, stream: bool) -> bool {
-    builder.verbose(|| println!("running: {cmd:?}"));
+    builder.do_if_verbose(|| println!("running: {cmd:?}"));
 
     let Some(mut streaming_command) = cmd.stream_capture_stdout(&builder.config.exec_ctx) else {
         return true;
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/tarball.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/tarball.rs
index 7b77b212934..079afb7a005 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/tarball.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/tarball.rs
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ impl<'a> Tarball<'a> {
 
         // For `x install` tarball files aren't needed, so we can speed up the process by not producing them.
         let compression_profile = if self.builder.kind == Kind::Install {
-            self.builder.verbose(|| {
+            self.builder.do_if_verbose(|| {
                 println!("Forcing dist.compression-profile = 'no-op' for `x install`.")
             });
             // "no-op" indicates that the rust-installer won't produce compressed tarball sources.
diff --git a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/tests/mod.rs b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/tests/mod.rs
index 3332187e2a8..764b89086cf 100644
--- a/src/bootstrap/src/utils/tests/mod.rs
+++ b/src/bootstrap/src/utils/tests/mod.rs
@@ -48,11 +48,20 @@ impl TestCtx {
 pub struct ConfigBuilder {
     args: Vec<String>,
     directory: PathBuf,
+    override_download_ci_llvm: bool,
+    dry_run: bool,
+    explicit_config: bool,
 }
 
 impl ConfigBuilder {
     fn from_args(args: &[&str], directory: PathBuf) -> Self {
-        Self { args: args.iter().copied().map(String::from).collect(), directory }
+        Self {
+            args: args.iter().copied().map(String::from).collect(),
+            directory,
+            override_download_ci_llvm: true,
+            dry_run: true,
+            explicit_config: true,
+        }
     }
 
     pub fn path(mut self, path: &str) -> Self {
@@ -98,18 +107,46 @@ impl ConfigBuilder {
         self
     }
 
-    pub fn create_config(mut self) -> Config {
-        // Run in dry-check, otherwise the test would be too slow
-        self.args.push("--dry-run".to_string());
+    pub fn with_default_toml_config(mut self, config_toml: &str) -> Self {
+        let toml_path = self.directory.join("bootstrap.toml");
+        std::fs::write(&toml_path, config_toml).unwrap();
+        self.explicit_config = false;
+        self.args.push("--config".to_string());
+        self.args.push(toml_path.display().to_string());
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn no_override_download_ci_llvm(mut self) -> Self {
+        self.override_download_ci_llvm = false;
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn no_dry_run(mut self) -> Self {
+        self.dry_run = false;
+        self
+    }
 
+    pub fn create_config(mut self) -> Config {
+        if self.dry_run {
+            // Run in dry-check, otherwise the test would be too slow
+            self.args.push("--dry-run".to_string());
+        }
         // Ignore submodules
         self.args.push("--set".to_string());
         self.args.push("build.submodules=false".to_string());
 
-        // Override any external LLVM set and inhibit CI LLVM; pretend that we're always building
-        // in-tree LLVM from sources.
-        self.args.push("--set".to_string());
-        self.args.push("llvm.download-ci-llvm=false".to_string());
+        if self.override_download_ci_llvm {
+            // Override any external LLVM set and inhibit CI LLVM; pretend that we're always building
+            // in-tree LLVM from sources.
+            self.args.push("--set".to_string());
+            self.args.push("llvm.download-ci-llvm=false".to_string());
+        }
+
+        // always use the bootstrap toml created in the
+        // temporary directory and not from the <src>
+        if self.explicit_config {
+            self = self.with_default_toml_config("");
+        }
 
         // Do not mess with the local rustc checkout build directory
         self.args.push("--build-dir".to_string());