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Attempt to load all the required sync functions and fail if any one of them fails.
This reintroduces a macro for optional loading of functions but keeps it separate from the fallback macro rather than having that do two different jobs.
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This allows using most delay loaded functions before the init code initializes them. It also only preloads a select few functions, rather than all functions.
Co-Authored-By: Mark Rousskov <mark.simulacrum@gmail.com>
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Some things like the unwinders and system APIs are not fully conformant,
this only covers a lot of low-hanging fruit.
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My PR #81478 used the wrong calling convention for a set of
functions that are called by the CRT. These functions need to use
`extern "C"`.
This would only affect x86, which is the only target (that I know of)
that has multiple calling conventions.
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On Windows, libstd uses GetProcAddress to locate some DLL imports, so
that libstd can run on older versions of Windows. If a given DLL import
is not present, then libstd uses other behavior (such as fallback
implementations).
This commit uses a feature of the Windows CRT to do these DLL imports
during module initialization, before main() (or DllMain()) is called.
This is the ideal time to resolve imports, because the module is
effectively single-threaded at that point; no other threads can
touch the data or code of the module that is being initialized.
This avoids several problems. First, it makes the cost of performing
the DLL import lookups deterministic. Right now, the DLL imports are
done on demand, which means that application threads _might_ have to
do the DLL import during some time-sensitive operation. This is a
small source of unpredictability. Since threads can race, it's even
possible to have more than one thread running the same redundant
DLL lookup.
This commit also removes using the heap to allocate strings, during
the DLL lookups.
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Add fast futex-based thread parker for Windows.
This adds a fast futex-based thread parker for Windows. It either uses WaitOnAddress+WakeByAddressSingle or NT Keyed Events (NtWaitForKeyedEvent+NtReleaseKeyedEvent), depending on which is available. Together, this makes this thread parker work for Windows XP and up. Before this change, park()/unpark() did not work on Windows XP: it needs condition variables, which only exist since Windows Vista.
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Unfortunately, NT Keyed Events are an undocumented Windows API. However:
- This API is relatively simple with obvious behaviour, and there are several (unofficial) articles documenting the details. [1]
- parking_lot has been using this API for years (on Windows versions before Windows 8). [2] Many big projects extensively use parking_lot, such as servo and the Rust compiler itself.
- It is the underlying API used by Windows SRW locks and Windows critical sections. [3] [4]
- The source code of the implementations of Wine, ReactOs, and Windows XP are available and match the expected behaviour.
- The main risk with an undocumented API is that it might change in the future. But since we only use it for older versions of Windows, that's not a problem.
- Even if these functions do not block or wake as we expect (which is unlikely, see all previous points), this implementation would still be memory safe. The NT Keyed Events API is only used to sleep/block in the right place.
[1]\: http://www.locklessinc.com/articles/keyed_events/
[2]\: https://github.com/Amanieu/parking_lot/commit/43abbc964e
[3]\: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/archive/msdn-magazine/2012/november/windows-with-c-the-evolution-of-synchronization-in-windows-and-c
[4]\: Windows Internals, Part 1, ISBN 9780735671300
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The choice of fallback API is inspired by parking_lot(_core), but the implementation of this thread parker is different. While parking_lot has no use for a fast path (park() directly returning if unpark() was already called), this implementation has a fast path that returns without even checking which waiting/waking API to use, as the same atomic variable with compatible states is used in all cases.
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- Module name can now be any string, not just an ident.
(Not all Windows api modules are valid Rust identifiers.)
- Adds c::FuncName::is_available() for checking if a function is really
available without having to do a duplicate lookup.
- Add comment explaining the lack of locking.
- Use `$_:block` to simplify the macro_rules.
- Apply allow(unused_variables) only to the fallback instead of
everything.
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