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Stabilize `#[repr(transparent)]` on `enum`s in Rust 1.42.0
# Stabilization report
The following is the stabilization report for `#![feature(transparent_enums)]`.
Tracking issue: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/60405
[Version target](https://forge.rust-lang.org/#current-release-versions): 1.42 (2020-01-30 => beta, 2020-03-12 => stable).
## User guide
A `struct` with only a single non-ZST field (let's call it `foo`) can be marked as `#[repr(transparent)]`. Such a `struct` has the same layout and ABI as `foo`. Here, we also extend this ability to `enum`s with only one variant, subject to the same restrictions as for the equivalent `struct`. That is, you can now write:
```rust
#[repr(transparent)]
enum Foo { Bar(u8) }
```
which, in terms of layout and ABI, is equivalent to:
```rust
#[repr(transparent)]
struct Foo(u8);
```
## Motivation
This is not a major feature that will unlock new and important use-cases. The utility of `repr(transparent)` `enum`s is indeed limited. However, there is still some value in it:
1. It provides conceptual simplification of the language in terms of treating univariant `enum`s and `struct`s the same, as both are product types. Indeed, languages like Haskell only have `data` as the only way to construct user-defined ADTs in the language.
2. In rare occasions, it might be that the user started out with a univariant `enum` for whatever reason (e.g. they thought they might extend it later). Now they want to make this `enum` `transparent` without breaking users by turning it into a `struct`. By lifting the restriction here, now they can.
## Technical specification
The reference specifies [`repr(transparent)` on a `struct`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/reference/type-layout.html#the-transparent-representation) as:
> ### The transparent Representation
>
> The `transparent` representation can only be used on `struct`s that have:
> - a single field with non-zero size, and
> - any number of fields with size 0 and alignment 1 (e.g. `PhantomData<T>`).
>
> Structs with this representation have the same layout and ABI as the single non-zero sized field.
>
> This is different than the `C` representation because a struct with the `C` representation will always have the ABI of a `C` `struct` while, for example, a struct with the `transparent` representation with a primitive field will have the ABI of the primitive field.
>
> Because this representation delegates type layout to another type, it cannot be used with any other representation.
Here, we amend this to include univariant `enum`s as well with the same static restrictions and the same effects on dynamic semantics.
## Tests
All the relevant tests are adjusted in the PR diff but are recounted here:
- `src/test/ui/repr/repr-transparent.rs` checks that `repr(transparent)` on an `enum` must be univariant, rather than having zero or more than one variant. Restrictions on the fields inside the only variants, like for those on `struct`s, are also checked here.
- A number of codegen tests are provided as well:
- `src/test/codegen/repr-transparent.rs` (the canonical test)
- `src/test/codegen/repr-transparent-aggregates-1.rs`
- `src/test/codegen/repr-transparent-aggregates-2.rs`
- `src/test/codegen/repr-transparent-aggregates-3.rs`
- `src/test/ui/lint/lint-ctypes-enum.rs` tests the interactions with the `improper_ctypes` lint.
## History
- 2019-04-30, RFC https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/2645
Author: @mjbshaw
Reviewers: The Language Team
This is the RFC that proposes allowing `#[repr(transparent)]` on `enum`s and `union`.
- 2019-06-11, PR https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/60463
Author: @mjbshaw
Reviewers: @varkor and @rkruppe
The PR implements the RFC aforementioned in full.
- 2019, PR https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/67323
Author: @Centril
Reviewers: @davidtwco
The PR reorganizes the static checks taking advantage of the fact that `struct`s and `union`s are internally represented as ADTs with a single variant.
- This PR stabilizes `transparent_enums`.
## Related / possible future work
The remaining work here is to figure out the semantics of `#[repr(transparent)]` on `union`s and stabilize those. This work continues to be tracked in https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/60405.
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Update rustc-guide
r? @ghost
CC: @rust-lang/wg-learning
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Fixes #67593
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Conditional compilation for sanitizers
Configure sanitize option when compiling with a sanitizer to make
it possible to execute different code depending on whether given
sanitizer is enabled or not.
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Configure sanitize option when compiling with a sanitizer to make
it possible to execute different code depending on whether given
sanitizer is enabled or not.
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Stabilize cfg(doc)
cc #43781.
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docs: fix lint name for `unused_variables`
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r=ollie27,Dylan-DPC
Stabilize rustdoc theme options
Closes #54730
This PR stabilizes the `--themes` (now `--theme`) and `--theme-checker` (now `--check-theme`) options, for allowing users to add custom themes to their documentation.
Rustdoc includes two themes by default: `light` and `dark`. Using the `--theme` option, you can give rustdoc a CSS file to include as an extra theme for that render. Themes are named after the CSS file used, so using `--theme /path/to/your/custom-theme.css` will add a theme called `custom-theme` to the documentation.
Even though the CLI flag to add a theme is getting stabilized, there's no guarantee that a theme file will always have the same effect on documentation generated with future versions of rustdoc. To aid in ensuring that a theme will work, the flag `--check-theme` is also available, which compares the CSS rules defined by a custom theme against the ones used in the `light` theme. If the `light` theme defines a CSS rule that the custom theme does not, rustdoc will report an error. (Rustdoc also performs this check for themes given to `--theme`, but only reports a warning when a difference is found.)
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themes file names are js compatible
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Co-Authored-By: Oliver Middleton <olliemail27@gmail.com>
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Update Cargo, books
## cargo
12 commits in 5da4b4d47963868d9878480197581ccbbdaece74..8280633db680dec5bfe1de25156d1a1d53e6d190
2019-10-28 21:53:41 +0000 to 2019-11-11 23:17:05 +0000
- Don't panic when parsing `/proc/stat` (rust-lang/cargo#7580)
- Fix unused configuration key warning for a few keys under `build`. (rust-lang/cargo#7575)
- Add back support for `BROWSER` envvar in `cargo doc --open`. (rust-lang/cargo#7576)
- Only include "already existing ..." comment in gitignore on conflict (rust-lang/cargo#7570)
- Add VS Code user dir to .gitignore (rust-lang/cargo#7578)
- Added aliases to subcommand typo suggestions. (rust-lang/cargo#7486)
- Use multiple requirement syntax consistently (rust-lang/cargo#7573)
- Update verison to 0.42 (rust-lang/cargo#7568)
- Expand documentation on build scripts. (rust-lang/cargo#7565)
- Update crossbeam-utils requirement from 0.6 to 0.7 (rust-lang/cargo#7566)
- don't download std-docs on CI (rust-lang/cargo#7513)
- Change my-buddy to github-handle (rust-lang/cargo#7553)
## nomicon
2 commits in 5004ad30d69f93553ceef74439fea2159d1f769e..58e36e0e08dec5a379ac568827c058e25990d6cd
2019-10-12 19:52:40 +0200 to 2019-10-30 08:14:24 -0500
- remove references to the nursery
- Add github action to replace Travis.yml (rust-lang-nursery/nomicon#172)
## reference
7 commits in 4b21b646669e0af49fae7cae301898dc4bfaa1f0..45558c464fb458affbcdcb34323946da45c8a117
2019-10-27 22:33:11 +0100 to 2019-11-08 14:47:35 +0100
- Audit code blocks. (rust-lang-nursery/reference#715)
- Update coherence and orphan rules documentation to match RFC 2451 (rust-lang-nursery/reference#703)
- Update organization name (rust-lang-nursery/reference#713)
- State that no_implicit_prelude also applies to nested modules (rust-lang-nursery/reference#707)
- expand Copy docs (rust-lang-nursery/reference#711)
- github action doesn't use the nursery (rust-lang-nursery/reference#706)
- Migrate to GitHub Actions. (rust-lang-nursery/reference#705)
## book
1 commits in 28fa3d15b0bc67ea5e79eeff2198e4277fc61baf..e79dd62aa63396714278d484d91d48826737f47f
2019-10-29 07:16:09 -0500 to 2019-10-30 07:33:12 -0500
- No need for an iterator here to fetch values (rust-lang/book#1957)
## rust-by-example
1 commits in f3197ddf2abab9abdbc029def8164f4a748b0d91..dcee312c66267eb5a2f6f1561354003950e29105
2019-10-29 10:17:40 -0300 to 2019-10-31 11:26:53 -0300
- refactor: simplify extracting Result from Option (rust-lang/rust-by-example#1283)
## edition-guide
2 commits in e58bc4ca104e890ac56af846877c874c432a64b5..f553fb26c60c4623ea88a1cfe731eafe0643ce34
2019-07-31 20:14:12 +0200 to 2019-10-30 08:27:42 -0500
- remove old references to the nursery
- Port from Travis to GitHub Actions (rust-lang-nursery/edition-guide#192)
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Fix rustc guide again
r? @ehuss
Sorry, links change fast in this world...
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rename cfg(rustdoc) into cfg(doc)
Needed by https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/61351
r? @QuietMisdreavus
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Add rustdoc doc
r? @kinnison
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