use crate::iter::{FusedIterator, TrustedLen};
use crate::num::NonZero;
use crate::ops::{NeverShortCircuit, Try};
use crate::ub_checks;

/// Like a `Range<usize>`, but with a safety invariant that `start <= end`.
///
/// This means that `end - start` cannot overflow, allowing some μoptimizations.
///
/// (Normal `Range` code needs to handle degenerate ranges like `10..0`,
///  which takes extra checks compared to only handling the canonical form.)
#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub(crate) struct IndexRange {
    start: usize,
    end: usize,
}

impl IndexRange {
    /// # Safety
    /// - `start <= end`
    #[inline]
    #[track_caller]
    pub(crate) const unsafe fn new_unchecked(start: usize, end: usize) -> Self {
        ub_checks::assert_unsafe_precondition!(
            check_library_ub,
            "IndexRange::new_unchecked requires `start <= end`",
            (start: usize = start, end: usize = end) => start <= end,
        );
        IndexRange { start, end }
    }

    #[inline]
    pub(crate) const fn zero_to(end: usize) -> Self {
        IndexRange { start: 0, end }
    }

    #[inline]
    pub(crate) const fn start(&self) -> usize {
        self.start
    }

    #[inline]
    pub(crate) const fn end(&self) -> usize {
        self.end
    }

    #[inline]
    pub(crate) const fn len(&self) -> usize {
        // SAFETY: By invariant, this cannot wrap
        // Using the intrinsic because a UB check here impedes LLVM optimization. (#131563)
        unsafe { crate::intrinsics::unchecked_sub(self.end, self.start) }
    }

    /// # Safety
    /// - Can only be called when `start < end`, aka when `len > 0`.
    #[inline]
    unsafe fn next_unchecked(&mut self) -> usize {
        debug_assert!(self.start < self.end);

        let value = self.start;
        // SAFETY: The range isn't empty, so this cannot overflow
        self.start = unsafe { value.unchecked_add(1) };
        value
    }

    /// # Safety
    /// - Can only be called when `start < end`, aka when `len > 0`.
    #[inline]
    unsafe fn next_back_unchecked(&mut self) -> usize {
        debug_assert!(self.start < self.end);

        // SAFETY: The range isn't empty, so this cannot overflow
        let value = unsafe { self.end.unchecked_sub(1) };
        self.end = value;
        value
    }

    /// Removes the first `n` items from this range, returning them as an `IndexRange`.
    /// If there are fewer than `n`, then the whole range is returned and
    /// `self` is left empty.
    ///
    /// This is designed to help implement `Iterator::advance_by`.
    #[inline]
    pub(crate) fn take_prefix(&mut self, n: usize) -> Self {
        let mid = if n <= self.len() {
            // SAFETY: We just checked that this will be between start and end,
            // and thus the addition cannot overflow.
            // Using the intrinsic avoids a superfluous UB check.
            unsafe { crate::intrinsics::unchecked_add(self.start, n) }
        } else {
            self.end
        };
        let prefix = Self { start: self.start, end: mid };
        self.start = mid;
        prefix
    }

    /// Removes the last `n` items from this range, returning them as an `IndexRange`.
    /// If there are fewer than `n`, then the whole range is returned and
    /// `self` is left empty.
    ///
    /// This is designed to help implement `Iterator::advance_back_by`.
    #[inline]
    pub(crate) fn take_suffix(&mut self, n: usize) -> Self {
        let mid = if n <= self.len() {
            // SAFETY: We just checked that this will be between start and end,
            // and thus the subtraction cannot overflow.
            // Using the intrinsic avoids a superfluous UB check.
            unsafe { crate::intrinsics::unchecked_sub(self.end, n) }
        } else {
            self.start
        };
        let suffix = Self { start: mid, end: self.end };
        self.end = mid;
        suffix
    }

    #[inline]
    fn assume_range(&self) {
        // SAFETY: This is the type invariant
        unsafe { crate::hint::assert_unchecked(self.start <= self.end) }
    }
}

impl Iterator for IndexRange {
    type Item = usize;

    #[inline]
    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<usize> {
        if self.len() > 0 {
            // SAFETY: We just checked that the range is non-empty
            unsafe { Some(self.next_unchecked()) }
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    #[inline]
    fn size_hint(&self) -> (usize, Option<usize>) {
        let len = self.len();
        (len, Some(len))
    }

    #[inline]
    fn advance_by(&mut self, n: usize) -> Result<(), NonZero<usize>> {
        let taken = self.take_prefix(n);
        NonZero::new(n - taken.len()).map_or(Ok(()), Err)
    }

    #[inline]
    fn fold<B, F: FnMut(B, usize) -> B>(mut self, init: B, f: F) -> B {
        self.try_fold(init, NeverShortCircuit::wrap_mut_2(f)).0
    }

    #[inline]
    fn try_fold<B, F, R>(&mut self, mut accum: B, mut f: F) -> R
    where
        Self: Sized,
        F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> R,
        R: Try<Output = B>,
    {
        // `Range` needs to check `start < end`, but thanks to our type invariant
        // we can loop on the stricter `start != end`.

        self.assume_range();
        while self.start != self.end {
            // SAFETY: We just checked that the range is non-empty
            let i = unsafe { self.next_unchecked() };
            accum = f(accum, i)?;
        }
        try { accum }
    }
}

impl DoubleEndedIterator for IndexRange {
    #[inline]
    fn next_back(&mut self) -> Option<usize> {
        if self.len() > 0 {
            // SAFETY: We just checked that the range is non-empty
            unsafe { Some(self.next_back_unchecked()) }
        } else {
            None
        }
    }

    #[inline]
    fn advance_back_by(&mut self, n: usize) -> Result<(), NonZero<usize>> {
        let taken = self.take_suffix(n);
        NonZero::new(n - taken.len()).map_or(Ok(()), Err)
    }

    #[inline]
    fn rfold<B, F: FnMut(B, usize) -> B>(mut self, init: B, f: F) -> B {
        self.try_rfold(init, NeverShortCircuit::wrap_mut_2(f)).0
    }

    #[inline]
    fn try_rfold<B, F, R>(&mut self, mut accum: B, mut f: F) -> R
    where
        Self: Sized,
        F: FnMut(B, Self::Item) -> R,
        R: Try<Output = B>,
    {
        // `Range` needs to check `start < end`, but thanks to our type invariant
        // we can loop on the stricter `start != end`.

        self.assume_range();
        while self.start != self.end {
            // SAFETY: We just checked that the range is non-empty
            let i = unsafe { self.next_back_unchecked() };
            accum = f(accum, i)?;
        }
        try { accum }
    }
}

impl ExactSizeIterator for IndexRange {
    #[inline]
    fn len(&self) -> usize {
        self.len()
    }
}

// SAFETY: Because we only deal in `usize`, our `len` is always perfect.
unsafe impl TrustedLen for IndexRange {}

impl FusedIterator for IndexRange {}