syntax::register_diagnostics! { E0014: r##" #### Note: this error code is no longer emitted by the compiler. Constants can only be initialized by a constant value or, in a future version of Rust, a call to a const function. This error indicates the use of a path (like a::b, or x) denoting something other than one of these allowed items. Erroneous code example: ``` const FOO: i32 = { let x = 0; x }; // 'x' isn't a constant nor a function! ``` To avoid it, you have to replace the non-constant value: ``` const FOO: i32 = { const X : i32 = 0; X }; // or even: const FOO2: i32 = { 0 }; // but brackets are useless here ``` "##, E0130: r##" You declared a pattern as an argument in a foreign function declaration. Erroneous code example: ```compile_fail extern { fn foo((a, b): (u32, u32)); // error: patterns aren't allowed in foreign // function declarations } ``` Please replace the pattern argument with a regular one. Example: ``` struct SomeStruct { a: u32, b: u32, } extern { fn foo(s: SomeStruct); // ok! } ``` Or: ``` extern { fn foo(a: (u32, u32)); // ok! } ``` "##, // This shouldn't really ever trigger since the repeated value error comes first E0136: r##" A binary can only have one entry point, and by default that entry point is the function `main()`. If there are multiple such functions, please rename one. Erroneous code example: ```compile_fail,E0136 fn main() { // ... } // ... fn main() { // error! // ... } ``` "##, E0137: r##" More than one function was declared with the `#[main]` attribute. Erroneous code example: ```compile_fail,E0137 #![feature(main)] #[main] fn foo() {} #[main] fn f() {} // error: multiple functions with a `#[main]` attribute ``` This error indicates that the compiler found multiple functions with the `#[main]` attribute. This is an error because there must be a unique entry point into a Rust program. Example: ``` #![feature(main)] #[main] fn f() {} // ok! ``` "##, E0138: r##" More than one function was declared with the `#[start]` attribute. Erroneous code example: ```compile_fail,E0138 #![feature(start)] #[start] fn foo(argc: isize, argv: *const *const u8) -> isize {} #[start] fn f(argc: isize, argv: *const *const u8) -> isize {} // error: multiple 'start' functions ``` This error indicates that the compiler found multiple functions with the `#[start]` attribute. This is an error because there must be a unique entry point into a Rust program. Example: ``` #![feature(start)] #[start] fn foo(argc: isize, argv: *const *const u8) -> isize { 0 } // ok! ``` "##, E0197: r##" Inherent implementations (one that do not implement a trait but provide methods associated with a type) are always safe because they are not implementing an unsafe trait. Removing the `unsafe` keyword from the inherent implementation will resolve this error. ```compile_fail,E0197 struct Foo; // this will cause this error unsafe impl Foo { } // converting it to this will fix it impl Foo { } ``` "##, E0198: r##" A negative implementation is one that excludes a type from implementing a particular trait. Not being able to use a trait is always a safe operation, so negative implementations are always safe and never need to be marked as unsafe. ```compile_fail #![feature(optin_builtin_traits)] struct Foo; // unsafe is unnecessary unsafe impl !Clone for Foo { } ``` This will compile: ```ignore (ignore auto_trait future compatibility warning) #![feature(optin_builtin_traits)] struct Foo; auto trait Enterprise {} impl !Enterprise for Foo { } ``` Please note that negative impls are only allowed for auto traits. "##, E0267: r##" This error indicates the use of a loop keyword (`break` or `continue`) inside a closure but outside of any loop. Erroneous code example: ```compile_fail,E0267 let w = || { break; }; // error: `break` inside of a closure ``` `break` and `continue` keywords can be used as normal inside closures as long as they are also contained within a loop. To halt the execution of a closure you should instead use a return statement. Example: ``` let w = || { for _ in 0..10 { break; } }; w(); ``` "##, E0268: r##" This error indicates the use of a loop keyword (`break` or `continue`) outside of a loop. Without a loop to break out of or continue in, no sensible action can be taken. Erroneous code example: ```compile_fail,E0268 fn some_func() { break; // error: `break` outside of a loop } ``` Please verify that you are using `break` and `continue` only in loops. Example: ``` fn some_func() { for _ in 0..10 { break; // ok! } } ``` "##, E0379: r##" Trait methods cannot be declared `const` by design. For more information, see [RFC 911]. [RFC 911]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/pull/911 "##, E0380: r##" Auto traits cannot have methods or associated items. For more information see the [opt-in builtin traits RFC][RFC 19]. [RFC 19]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0019-opt-in-builtin-traits.md "##, E0449: r##" A visibility qualifier was used when it was unnecessary. Erroneous code examples: ```compile_fail,E0449 struct Bar; trait Foo { fn foo(); } pub impl Bar {} // error: unnecessary visibility qualifier pub impl Foo for Bar { // error: unnecessary visibility qualifier pub fn foo() {} // error: unnecessary visibility qualifier } ``` To fix this error, please remove the visibility qualifier when it is not required. Example: ``` struct Bar; trait Foo { fn foo(); } // Directly implemented methods share the visibility of the type itself, // so `pub` is unnecessary here impl Bar {} // Trait methods share the visibility of the trait, so `pub` is // unnecessary in either case impl Foo for Bar { fn foo() {} } ``` "##, E0512: r##" Transmute with two differently sized types was attempted. Erroneous code example: ```compile_fail,E0512 fn takes_u8(_: u8) {} fn main() { unsafe { takes_u8(::std::mem::transmute(0u16)); } // error: cannot transmute between types of different sizes, // or dependently-sized types } ``` Please use types with same size or use the expected type directly. Example: ``` fn takes_u8(_: u8) {} fn main() { unsafe { takes_u8(::std::mem::transmute(0i8)); } // ok! // or: unsafe { takes_u8(0u8); } // ok! } ``` "##, E0561: r##" A non-ident or non-wildcard pattern has been used as a parameter of a function pointer type. Erroneous code example: ```compile_fail,E0561 type A1 = fn(mut param: u8); // error! type A2 = fn(¶m: u32); // error! ``` When using an alias over a function type, you cannot e.g. denote a parameter as being mutable. To fix the issue, remove patterns (`_` is allowed though). Example: ``` type A1 = fn(param: u8); // ok! type A2 = fn(_: u32); // ok! ``` You can also omit the parameter name: ``` type A3 = fn(i16); // ok! ``` "##, E0567: r##" Generics have been used on an auto trait. Erroneous code example: ```compile_fail,E0567 #![feature(optin_builtin_traits)] auto trait Generic {} // error! fn main() {} ``` Since an auto trait is implemented on all existing types, the compiler would not be able to infer the types of the trait's generic parameters. To fix this issue, just remove the generics: ``` #![feature(optin_builtin_traits)] auto trait Generic {} // ok! fn main() {} ``` "##, E0568: r##" A super trait has been added to an auto trait. Erroneous code example: ```compile_fail,E0568 #![feature(optin_builtin_traits)] auto trait Bound : Copy {} // error! fn main() {} ``` Since an auto trait is implemented on all existing types, adding a super trait would filter out a lot of those types. In the current example, almost none of all the existing types could implement `Bound` because very few of them have the `Copy` trait. To fix this issue, just remove the super trait: ``` #![feature(optin_builtin_traits)] auto trait Bound {} // ok! fn main() {} ``` "##, E0571: r##" A `break` statement with an argument appeared in a non-`loop` loop. Example of erroneous code: ```compile_fail,E0571 # let mut i = 1; # fn satisfied(n: usize) -> bool { n % 23 == 0 } let result = while true { if satisfied(i) { break 2*i; // error: `break` with value from a `while` loop } i += 1; }; ``` The `break` statement can take an argument (which will be the value of the loop expression if the `break` statement is executed) in `loop` loops, but not `for`, `while`, or `while let` loops. Make sure `break value;` statements only occur in `loop` loops: ``` # let mut i = 1; # fn satisfied(n: usize) -> bool { n % 23 == 0 } let result = loop { // ok! if satisfied(i) { break 2*i; } i += 1; }; ``` "##, E0590: r##" `break` or `continue` must include a label when used in the condition of a `while` loop. Example of erroneous code: ```compile_fail while break {} ``` To fix this, add a label specifying which loop is being broken out of: ``` 'foo: while break 'foo {} ``` "##, E0591: r##" Per [RFC 401][rfc401], if you have a function declaration `foo`: ``` // For the purposes of this explanation, all of these // different kinds of `fn` declarations are equivalent: struct S; fn foo(x: S) { /* ... */ } # #[cfg(for_demonstration_only)] extern "C" { fn foo(x: S); } # #[cfg(for_demonstration_only)] impl S { fn foo(self) { /* ... */ } } ``` the type of `foo` is **not** `fn(S)`, as one might expect. Rather, it is a unique, zero-sized marker type written here as `typeof(foo)`. However, `typeof(foo)` can be _coerced_ to a function pointer `fn(S)`, so you rarely notice this: ``` # struct S; # fn foo(_: S) {} let x: fn(S) = foo; // OK, coerces ``` The reason that this matter is that the type `fn(S)` is not specific to any particular function: it's a function _pointer_. So calling `x()` results in a virtual call, whereas `foo()` is statically dispatched, because the type of `foo` tells us precisely what function is being called. As noted above, coercions mean that most code doesn't have to be concerned with this distinction. However, you can tell the difference when using **transmute** to convert a fn item into a fn pointer. This is sometimes done as part of an FFI: ```compile_fail,E0591 extern "C" fn foo(userdata: Box) { /* ... */ } # fn callback(_: extern "C" fn(*mut i32)) {} # use std::mem::transmute; # unsafe { let f: extern "C" fn(*mut i32) = transmute(foo); callback(f); # } ``` Here, transmute is being used to convert the types of the fn arguments. This pattern is incorrect because, because the type of `foo` is a function **item** (`typeof(foo)`), which is zero-sized, and the target type (`fn()`) is a function pointer, which is not zero-sized. This pattern should be rewritten. There are a few possible ways to do this: - change the original fn declaration to match the expected signature, and do the cast in the fn body (the preferred option) - cast the fn item fo a fn pointer before calling transmute, as shown here: ``` # extern "C" fn foo(_: Box) {} # use std::mem::transmute; # unsafe { let f: extern "C" fn(*mut i32) = transmute(foo as extern "C" fn(_)); let f: extern "C" fn(*mut i32) = transmute(foo as usize); // works too # } ``` The same applies to transmutes to `*mut fn()`, which were observed in practice. Note though that use of this type is generally incorrect. The intention is typically to describe a function pointer, but just `fn()` alone suffices for that. `*mut fn()` is a pointer to a fn pointer. (Since these values are typically just passed to C code, however, this rarely makes a difference in practice.) [rfc401]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0401-coercions.md "##, E0601: r##" No `main` function was found in a binary crate. To fix this error, add a `main` function. For example: ``` fn main() { // Your program will start here. println!("Hello world!"); } ``` If you don't know the basics of Rust, you can go look to the Rust Book to get started: https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ "##, E0642: r##" Trait methods currently cannot take patterns as arguments. Example of erroneous code: ```compile_fail,E0642 trait Foo { fn foo((x, y): (i32, i32)); // error: patterns aren't allowed // in trait methods } ``` You can instead use a single name for the argument: ``` trait Foo { fn foo(x_and_y: (i32, i32)); // ok! } ``` "##, E0695: r##" A `break` statement without a label appeared inside a labeled block. Example of erroneous code: ```compile_fail,E0695 # #![feature(label_break_value)] loop { 'a: { break; } } ``` Make sure to always label the `break`: ``` # #![feature(label_break_value)] 'l: loop { 'a: { break 'l; } } ``` Or if you want to `break` the labeled block: ``` # #![feature(label_break_value)] loop { 'a: { break 'a; } break; } ``` "##, E0670: r##" Rust 2015 does not permit the use of `async fn`. Example of erroneous code: ```compile_fail,E0670 async fn foo() {} ``` Switch to the Rust 2018 edition to use `async fn`. "##, ; E0226, // only a single explicit lifetime bound is permitted E0472, // asm! is unsupported on this target E0666, // nested `impl Trait` is illegal E0667, // `impl Trait` in projections E0696, // `continue` pointing to a labeled block E0706, // `async fn` in trait }