Rollup merge of #144478 - joshtriplett:doc-code-formatting-prep, r=Amanieu

Improve formatting of doc code blocks

We don't currently apply automatic formatting to doc comment code blocks. As a
result, it has built up various idiosyncracies, which make such automatic
formatting difficult. Some of those idiosyncracies also make things harder for
human readers or other tools.

This PR makes a few improvements to doc code formatting, in the hopes of making
future automatic formatting easier, as well as in many cases providing net
readability improvements.

I would suggest reading each commit separately, as each commit contains one
class of changes.

23 files changed, 67 insertions, 52 deletions

diff --git a/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/region_infer/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/region_infer/mod.rs
index 68f1637e07e..f1320048533 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/region_infer/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_borrowck/src/region_infer/mod.rs
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ impl<'tcx> RegionInferenceContext<'tcx> {
     /// minimum values.
     ///
     /// For example:
-    /// ```
+    /// ```ignore (illustrative)
     /// fn foo<'a, 'b>( /* ... */ ) where 'a: 'b { /* ... */ }
     /// ```
     /// would initialize two variables like so:
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir/src/def.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir/src/def.rs
index 3fee9af01b3..2201d493f2d 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir/src/def.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir/src/def.rs
@@ -360,7 +360,7 @@ impl DefKind {
 /// For example, everything prefixed with `/* Res */` in this example has
 /// an associated `Res`:
 ///
-/// ```
+/// ```ignore (illustrative)
 /// fn str_to_string(s: & /* Res */ str) -> /* Res */ String {
 ///     /* Res */ String::from(/* Res */ s)
 /// }
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ pub enum Res<Id = hir::HirId> {
     /// }
     ///
     /// impl Foo for Bar {
-    ///     fn foo() -> Box<Self> { // SelfTyAlias
+    ///     fn foo() -> Box<Self /* SelfTyAlias */> {
     ///         let _: Self;        // SelfTyAlias
     ///
     ///         todo!()
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/check/compare_impl_item.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/check/compare_impl_item.rs
index e24426f9fed..bd9125363fc 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/check/compare_impl_item.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/check/compare_impl_item.rs
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeFolder<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for RemapLateParam<'tcx> {
 ///
 /// trait Foo {
 ///     fn bar() -> impl Deref<Target = impl Sized>;
-///              // ^- RPITIT #1        ^- RPITIT #2
+///     //          ^- RPITIT #1        ^- RPITIT #2
 /// }
 ///
 /// impl Foo for () {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/upvar.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/upvar.rs
index df38c3a1214..50fa3f2cc9d 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/upvar.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/upvar.rs
@@ -2391,13 +2391,11 @@ fn migration_suggestion_for_2229(
 /// let mut p = Point { x: 10, y: 10 };
 ///
 /// let c = || {
-///     p.x     += 10;
-/// // ^ E1 ^
+///     p.x += 10; // E1
 ///     // ...
 ///     // More code
 ///     // ...
 ///     p.x += 10; // E2
-/// // ^ E2 ^
 /// };
 /// ```
 /// `CaptureKind` associated with both `E1` and `E2` will be ByRef(MutBorrow),
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/outlives/obligations.rs b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/outlives/obligations.rs
index bb3b51c0ab2..b989d419057 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/outlives/obligations.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/outlives/obligations.rs
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 //! fn bar<T>(a: T, b: impl for<'a> Fn(&'a T)) {}
 //! fn foo<T>(x: T) {
 //!     bar(x, |y| { /* ... */})
-//!          // ^ closure arg
+//!     //      ^ closure arg
 //! }
 //! ```
 //!
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/hir/map.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/hir/map.rs
index 3683d1e251c..4370816d38e 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/hir/map.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/hir/map.rs
@@ -533,8 +533,10 @@ impl<'tcx> TyCtxt<'tcx> {
     /// ```
     /// fn foo(x: usize) -> bool {
     ///     if x == 1 {
-    ///         true  // If `get_fn_id_for_return_block` gets passed the `id` corresponding
-    ///     } else {  // to this, it will return `foo`'s `HirId`.
+    ///         // If `get_fn_id_for_return_block` gets passed the `id` corresponding to this, it
+    ///         // will return `foo`'s `HirId`.
+    ///         true
+    ///     } else {
     ///         false
     ///     }
     /// }
@@ -543,8 +545,10 @@ impl<'tcx> TyCtxt<'tcx> {
     /// ```compile_fail,E0308
     /// fn foo(x: usize) -> bool {
     ///     loop {
-    ///         true  // If `get_fn_id_for_return_block` gets passed the `id` corresponding
-    ///     }         // to this, it will return `None`.
+    ///         // If `get_fn_id_for_return_block` gets passed the `id` corresponding to this, it
+    ///         // will return `None`.
+    ///         true
+    ///     }
     ///     false
     /// }
     /// ```
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/mod.rs
index e819aa2d8f8..c55c7fc6002 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/mir/mod.rs
@@ -1017,7 +1017,8 @@ pub struct LocalDecl<'tcx> {
     /// ```
     /// fn foo(x: &str) {
     ///     #[allow(unused_mut)]
-    ///     let mut x: u32 = { // <- one unused mut
+    ///     let mut x: u32 = {
+    ///         //^ one unused mut
     ///         let mut y: u32 = x.parse().unwrap();
     ///         y + 2
     ///     };
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/builder/expr/as_operand.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/builder/expr/as_operand.rs
index 982e7aa8246..6a422223990 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/builder/expr/as_operand.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_build/src/builder/expr/as_operand.rs
@@ -57,7 +57,9 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> Builder<'a, 'tcx> {
     /// ```
     /// #![feature(unsized_fn_params)]
     /// # use core::fmt::Debug;
-    /// fn foo(_p: dyn Debug) { /* ... */ }
+    /// fn foo(_p: dyn Debug) {
+    ///     /* ... */
+    /// }
     ///
     /// fn bar(box_p: Box<dyn Debug>) { foo(*box_p); }
     /// ```
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_dataflow/src/impls/initialized.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_dataflow/src/impls/initialized.rs
index 117525eb777..5937d68f389 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_dataflow/src/impls/initialized.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_dataflow/src/impls/initialized.rs
@@ -108,6 +108,7 @@ impl<'tcx> MaybePlacesSwitchIntData<'tcx> {
 ///
 /// ```rust
 /// struct S;
+/// #[rustfmt::skip]
 /// fn foo(pred: bool) {                        // maybe-init:
 ///                                             // {}
 ///     let a = S; let mut b = S; let c; let d; // {a, b}
@@ -197,6 +198,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> HasMoveData<'tcx> for MaybeInitializedPlaces<'a, 'tcx> {
 ///
 /// ```rust
 /// struct S;
+/// #[rustfmt::skip]
 /// fn foo(pred: bool) {                        // maybe-uninit:
 ///                                             // {a, b, c, d}
 ///     let a = S; let mut b = S; let c; let d; // {      c, d}
@@ -289,6 +291,7 @@ impl<'tcx> HasMoveData<'tcx> for MaybeUninitializedPlaces<'_, 'tcx> {
 ///
 /// ```rust
 /// struct S;
+/// #[rustfmt::skip]
 /// fn foo(pred: bool) {                        // ever-init:
 ///                                             // {          }
 ///     let a = S; let mut b = S; let c; let d; // {a, b      }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_span/src/hygiene.rs b/compiler/rustc_span/src/hygiene.rs
index 97d1d9c2d2a..19494ffc37e 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_span/src/hygiene.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_span/src/hygiene.rs
@@ -768,7 +768,9 @@ impl SyntaxContext {
     ///
     /// ```rust
     /// #![feature(decl_macro)]
-    /// mod foo { pub fn f() {} } // `f`'s `SyntaxContext` is empty.
+    /// mod foo {
+    ///     pub fn f() {} // `f`'s `SyntaxContext` is empty.
+    /// }
     /// m!(f);
     /// macro m($f:ident) {
     ///     mod bar {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_thread_pool/src/scope/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_thread_pool/src/scope/mod.rs
index 38230383965..677009a9bc3 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_thread_pool/src/scope/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_thread_pool/src/scope/mod.rs
@@ -501,9 +501,9 @@ impl<'scope> Scope<'scope> {
     /// let mut value_c = None;
     /// rayon::scope(|s| {
     ///     s.spawn(|s1| {
-    ///           // ^ this is the same scope as `s`; this handle `s1`
-    ///           //   is intended for use by the spawned task,
-    ///           //   since scope handles cannot cross thread boundaries.
+    ///         //   ^ this is the same scope as `s`; this handle `s1`
+    ///         //     is intended for use by the spawned task,
+    ///         //     since scope handles cannot cross thread boundaries.
     ///
     ///         value_a = Some(22);
     ///
diff --git a/library/alloc/src/string.rs b/library/alloc/src/string.rs
index d58240f3051..9eacbf00e42 100644
--- a/library/alloc/src/string.rs
+++ b/library/alloc/src/string.rs
@@ -265,12 +265,12 @@ use crate::vec::{self, Vec};
 /// You can look at these with the [`as_ptr`], [`len`], and [`capacity`]
 /// methods:
 ///
+// FIXME Update this when vec_into_raw_parts is stabilized
 /// ```
 /// use std::mem;
 ///
 /// let story = String::from("Once upon a time...");
 ///
-// FIXME Update this when vec_into_raw_parts is stabilized
 /// // Prevent automatically dropping the String's data
 /// let mut story = mem::ManuallyDrop::new(story);
 ///
@@ -970,13 +970,13 @@ impl String {
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
+    // FIXME Update this when vec_into_raw_parts is stabilized
     /// ```
     /// use std::mem;
     ///
     /// unsafe {
     ///     let s = String::from("hello");
     ///
-    // FIXME Update this when vec_into_raw_parts is stabilized
     ///     // Prevent automatically dropping the String's data
     ///     let mut s = mem::ManuallyDrop::new(s);
     ///
diff --git a/library/alloc/src/vec/mod.rs b/library/alloc/src/vec/mod.rs
index ce74615dbcc..2321aab2c51 100644
--- a/library/alloc/src/vec/mod.rs
+++ b/library/alloc/src/vec/mod.rs
@@ -566,13 +566,13 @@ impl<T> Vec<T> {
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
+    // FIXME Update this when vec_into_raw_parts is stabilized
     /// ```
     /// use std::ptr;
     /// use std::mem;
     ///
     /// let v = vec![1, 2, 3];
     ///
-    // FIXME Update this when vec_into_raw_parts is stabilized
     /// // Prevent running `v`'s destructor so we are in complete control
     /// // of the allocation.
     /// let mut v = mem::ManuallyDrop::new(v);
@@ -674,6 +674,7 @@ impl<T> Vec<T> {
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
+    // FIXME Update this when vec_into_raw_parts is stabilized
     /// ```
     /// #![feature(box_vec_non_null)]
     ///
@@ -682,7 +683,6 @@ impl<T> Vec<T> {
     ///
     /// let v = vec![1, 2, 3];
     ///
-    // FIXME Update this when vec_into_raw_parts is stabilized
     /// // Prevent running `v`'s destructor so we are in complete control
     /// // of the allocation.
     /// let mut v = mem::ManuallyDrop::new(v);
@@ -994,6 +994,7 @@ impl<T, A: Allocator> Vec<T, A> {
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
+    // FIXME Update this when vec_into_raw_parts is stabilized
     /// ```
     /// #![feature(allocator_api)]
     ///
@@ -1007,7 +1008,6 @@ impl<T, A: Allocator> Vec<T, A> {
     /// v.push(2);
     /// v.push(3);
     ///
-    // FIXME Update this when vec_into_raw_parts is stabilized
     /// // Prevent running `v`'s destructor so we are in complete control
     /// // of the allocation.
     /// let mut v = mem::ManuallyDrop::new(v);
@@ -1114,6 +1114,7 @@ impl<T, A: Allocator> Vec<T, A> {
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
+    // FIXME Update this when vec_into_raw_parts is stabilized
     /// ```
     /// #![feature(allocator_api, box_vec_non_null)]
     ///
@@ -1127,7 +1128,6 @@ impl<T, A: Allocator> Vec<T, A> {
     /// v.push(2);
     /// v.push(3);
     ///
-    // FIXME Update this when vec_into_raw_parts is stabilized
     /// // Prevent running `v`'s destructor so we are in complete control
     /// // of the allocation.
     /// let mut v = mem::ManuallyDrop::new(v);
@@ -3872,8 +3872,8 @@ impl<T, A: Allocator> Vec<T, A> {
     /// while i < vec.len() - end_items {
     ///     if some_predicate(&mut vec[i]) {
     ///         let val = vec.remove(i);
-    /// #         extracted.push(val);
     ///         // your code here
+    /// #         extracted.push(val);
     ///     } else {
     ///         i += 1;
     ///     }
diff --git a/library/core/src/cell.rs b/library/core/src/cell.rs
index d6d1bf2effa..d67408cae1b 100644
--- a/library/core/src/cell.rs
+++ b/library/core/src/cell.rs
@@ -2068,9 +2068,9 @@ impl<T: ?Sized + fmt::Display> fmt::Display for RefMut<'_, T> {
 /// implies exclusive access to its `T`:
 ///
 /// ```rust
-/// #![forbid(unsafe_code)] // with exclusive accesses,
-///                         // `UnsafeCell` is a transparent no-op wrapper,
-///                         // so no need for `unsafe` here.
+/// #![forbid(unsafe_code)]
+/// // with exclusive accesses, `UnsafeCell` is a transparent no-op wrapper, so no need for
+/// // `unsafe` here.
 /// use std::cell::UnsafeCell;
 ///
 /// let mut x: UnsafeCell<i32> = 42.into();
diff --git a/library/core/src/hint.rs b/library/core/src/hint.rs
index 696d323c66d..c72eeb9a9c9 100644
--- a/library/core/src/hint.rs
+++ b/library/core/src/hint.rs
@@ -649,8 +649,6 @@ pub const fn must_use<T>(value: T) -> T {
 ///     }
 /// }
 /// ```
-///
-///
 #[unstable(feature = "likely_unlikely", issue = "136873")]
 #[inline(always)]
 pub const fn likely(b: bool) -> bool {
diff --git a/library/core/src/iter/mod.rs b/library/core/src/iter/mod.rs
index 7ca41d224a0..56ca1305b60 100644
--- a/library/core/src/iter/mod.rs
+++ b/library/core/src/iter/mod.rs
@@ -233,10 +233,12 @@
 //!
 //! ```
 //! let mut values = vec![41];
-//! for x in &mut values { // same as `values.iter_mut()`
+//! for x in &mut values {
+//!     //   ^ same as `values.iter_mut()`
 //!     *x += 1;
 //! }
-//! for x in &values { // same as `values.iter()`
+//! for x in &values {
+//!     //   ^ same as `values.iter()`
 //!     assert_eq!(*x, 42);
 //! }
 //! assert_eq!(values.len(), 1);
diff --git a/library/core/src/iter/traits/iterator.rs b/library/core/src/iter/traits/iterator.rs
index 10f9d464f7d..29313867ff2 100644
--- a/library/core/src/iter/traits/iterator.rs
+++ b/library/core/src/iter/traits/iterator.rs
@@ -807,7 +807,7 @@ pub trait Iterator {
     /// might be preferable to keep a functional style with longer iterators:
     ///
     /// ```
-    /// (0..5).flat_map(|x| x * 100 .. x * 110)
+    /// (0..5).flat_map(|x| (x * 100)..(x * 110))
     ///       .enumerate()
     ///       .filter(|&(i, x)| (i + x) % 3 == 0)
     ///       .for_each(|(i, x)| println!("{i}:{x}"));
diff --git a/library/core/src/macros/mod.rs b/library/core/src/macros/mod.rs
index 3d57da63683..c59290a757b 100644
--- a/library/core/src/macros/mod.rs
+++ b/library/core/src/macros/mod.rs
@@ -271,7 +271,10 @@ pub macro cfg_select($($tt:tt)*) {
 /// // expression given.
 /// debug_assert!(true);
 ///
-/// fn some_expensive_computation() -> bool { true } // a very simple function
+/// fn some_expensive_computation() -> bool {
+///     // Some expensive computation here
+///     true
+/// }
 /// debug_assert!(some_expensive_computation());
 ///
 /// // assert with a custom message
@@ -1547,7 +1550,10 @@ pub(crate) mod builtin {
     /// // expression given.
     /// assert!(true);
     ///
-    /// fn some_computation() -> bool { true } // a very simple function
+    /// fn some_computation() -> bool {
+    ///     // Some expensive computation here
+    ///     true
+    /// }
     ///
     /// assert!(some_computation());
     ///
diff --git a/library/core/src/marker.rs b/library/core/src/marker.rs
index 45277a1c82d..ba00ee17b65 100644
--- a/library/core/src/marker.rs
+++ b/library/core/src/marker.rs
@@ -138,8 +138,7 @@ unsafe impl<T: Sync + PointeeSized> Send for &T {}
 /// impl Bar for Impl { }
 ///
 /// let x: &dyn Foo = &Impl;    // OK
-/// // let y: &dyn Bar = &Impl; // error: the trait `Bar` cannot
-///                             // be made into an object
+/// // let y: &dyn Bar = &Impl; // error: the trait `Bar` cannot be made into an object
 /// ```
 ///
 /// [trait object]: ../../book/ch17-02-trait-objects.html
diff --git a/library/core/src/mem/maybe_uninit.rs b/library/core/src/mem/maybe_uninit.rs
index 34d8370da7e..c160360cfac 100644
--- a/library/core/src/mem/maybe_uninit.rs
+++ b/library/core/src/mem/maybe_uninit.rs
@@ -773,8 +773,7 @@ impl<T> MaybeUninit<T> {
     /// // Initialize the `MaybeUninit` using `Cell::set`:
     /// unsafe {
     ///     b.assume_init_ref().set(true);
-    ///    // ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-    ///    // Reference to an uninitialized `Cell<bool>`: UB!
+    ///     //^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ Reference to an uninitialized `Cell<bool>`: UB!
     /// }
     /// ```
     #[stable(feature = "maybe_uninit_ref", since = "1.55.0")]
@@ -864,9 +863,9 @@ impl<T> MaybeUninit<T> {
     /// {
     ///     let mut buffer = MaybeUninit::<[u8; 64]>::uninit();
     ///     reader.read_exact(unsafe { buffer.assume_init_mut() })?;
-    ///                             // ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-    ///                             // (mutable) reference to uninitialized memory!
-    ///                             // This is undefined behavior.
+    ///     //                         ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+    ///     // (mutable) reference to uninitialized memory!
+    ///     // This is undefined behavior.
     ///     Ok(unsafe { buffer.assume_init() })
     /// }
     /// ```
@@ -884,13 +883,13 @@ impl<T> MaybeUninit<T> {
     /// let foo: Foo = unsafe {
     ///     let mut foo = MaybeUninit::<Foo>::uninit();
     ///     ptr::write(&mut foo.assume_init_mut().a as *mut u32, 1337);
-    ///                  // ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-    ///                  // (mutable) reference to uninitialized memory!
-    ///                  // This is undefined behavior.
+    ///     //              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+    ///     // (mutable) reference to uninitialized memory!
+    ///     // This is undefined behavior.
     ///     ptr::write(&mut foo.assume_init_mut().b as *mut u8, 42);
-    ///                  // ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-    ///                  // (mutable) reference to uninitialized memory!
-    ///                  // This is undefined behavior.
+    ///     //              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+    ///     // (mutable) reference to uninitialized memory!
+    ///     // This is undefined behavior.
     ///     foo.assume_init()
     /// };
     /// ```
diff --git a/library/core/src/primitive_docs.rs b/library/core/src/primitive_docs.rs
index 9a1ba7d1728..1c824e336be 100644
--- a/library/core/src/primitive_docs.rs
+++ b/library/core/src/primitive_docs.rs
@@ -271,6 +271,7 @@ mod prim_bool {}
 /// When the compiler sees a value of type `!` in a [coercion site], it implicitly inserts a
 /// coercion to allow the type checker to infer any type:
 ///
+// FIXME: use `core::convert::absurd` here instead, once it's merged
 /// ```rust,ignore (illustrative-and-has-placeholders)
 /// // this
 /// let x: u8 = panic!();
@@ -281,7 +282,6 @@ mod prim_bool {}
 /// // where absurd is a function with the following signature
 /// // (it's sound, because `!` always marks unreachable code):
 /// fn absurd<T>(_: !) -> T { ... }
-// FIXME: use `core::convert::absurd` here instead, once it's merged
 /// ```
 ///
 /// This can lead to compilation errors if the type cannot be inferred:
diff --git a/library/core/src/result.rs b/library/core/src/result.rs
index 812fc0d9819..474f86395ae 100644
--- a/library/core/src/result.rs
+++ b/library/core/src/result.rs
@@ -1631,7 +1631,7 @@ impl<T, E> Result<T, E> {
     ///
     /// ```no_run
     /// let x: Result<u32, &str> = Err("emergency failure");
-    /// unsafe { x.unwrap_unchecked(); } // Undefined behavior!
+    /// unsafe { x.unwrap_unchecked() }; // Undefined behavior!
     /// ```
     #[inline]
     #[track_caller]
diff --git a/library/std/src/path.rs b/library/std/src/path.rs
index d9c34d4fa04..055e7f81480 100644
--- a/library/std/src/path.rs
+++ b/library/std/src/path.rs
@@ -3259,8 +3259,8 @@ impl Path {
     ///
     /// # Examples
     ///
-    #[cfg_attr(unix, doc = "```no_run")]
-    #[cfg_attr(not(unix), doc = "```ignore")]
+    /// ```rust,no_run
+    /// # #[cfg(unix)] {
     /// use std::path::Path;
     /// use std::os::unix::fs::symlink;
     ///
@@ -3268,6 +3268,7 @@ impl Path {
     /// symlink("/origin_does_not_exist/", link_path).unwrap();
     /// assert_eq!(link_path.is_symlink(), true);
     /// assert_eq!(link_path.exists(), false);
+    /// # }
     /// ```
     ///
     /// # See Also