Auto merge of #79209 - spastorino:trait-inheritance-self, r=nikomatsakis

Allow Trait inheritance with cycles on associated types

Fixes #35237

r? `@nikomatsakis`

cc `@estebank`

28 files changed, 498 insertions, 151 deletions

diff --git a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/traits/util.rs b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/traits/util.rs
index 8273c2d291d..93863ef1d50 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/traits/util.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_infer/src/traits/util.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,10 @@
 use smallvec::smallvec;
 
 use crate::traits::{Obligation, ObligationCause, PredicateObligation};
-use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxHashSet;
+use rustc_data_structures::fx::{FxHashSet, FxIndexSet};
 use rustc_middle::ty::outlives::Component;
 use rustc_middle::ty::{self, ToPredicate, TyCtxt, WithConstness};
+use rustc_span::symbol::Ident;
 
 pub fn anonymize_predicate<'tcx>(
     tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
@@ -287,6 +288,37 @@ pub fn transitive_bounds<'tcx>(
     elaborate_trait_refs(tcx, bounds).filter_to_traits()
 }
 
+/// A specialized variant of `elaborate_trait_refs` that only elaborates trait references that may
+/// define the given associated type `assoc_name`. It uses the
+/// `super_predicates_that_define_assoc_type` query to avoid enumerating super-predicates that
+/// aren't related to `assoc_item`.  This is used when resolving types like `Self::Item` or
+/// `T::Item` and helps to avoid cycle errors (see e.g. #35237).
+pub fn transitive_bounds_that_define_assoc_type<'tcx>(
+    tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
+    bounds: impl Iterator<Item = ty::PolyTraitRef<'tcx>>,
+    assoc_name: Ident,
+) -> FxIndexSet<ty::PolyTraitRef<'tcx>> {
+    let mut stack: Vec<_> = bounds.collect();
+    let mut trait_refs = FxIndexSet::default();
+
+    while let Some(trait_ref) = stack.pop() {
+        if trait_refs.insert(trait_ref) {
+            let super_predicates =
+                tcx.super_predicates_that_define_assoc_type((trait_ref.def_id(), Some(assoc_name)));
+            for (super_predicate, _) in super_predicates.predicates {
+                let bound_predicate = super_predicate.bound_atom();
+                let subst_predicate = super_predicate
+                    .subst_supertrait(tcx, &bound_predicate.rebind(trait_ref.skip_binder()));
+                if let Some(binder) = subst_predicate.to_opt_poly_trait_ref() {
+                    stack.push(binder.value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    trait_refs
+}
+
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // Other
 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/query/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/query/mod.rs
index 7822ecc2c1f..b516810205f 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/query/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/query/mod.rs
@@ -433,12 +433,23 @@ rustc_queries! {
         /// full predicates are available (note that supertraits have
         /// additional acyclicity requirements).
         query super_predicates_of(key: DefId) -> ty::GenericPredicates<'tcx> {
-            desc { |tcx| "computing the supertraits of `{}`", tcx.def_path_str(key) }
+            desc { |tcx| "computing the super predicates of `{}`", tcx.def_path_str(key) }
+        }
+
+        /// The `Option<Ident>` is the name of an associated type. If it is `None`, then this query
+        /// returns the full set of predicates. If `Some<Ident>`, then the query returns only the
+        /// subset of super-predicates that reference traits that define the given associated type.
+        /// This is used to avoid cycles in resolving types like `T::Item`.
+        query super_predicates_that_define_assoc_type(key: (DefId, Option<rustc_span::symbol::Ident>)) -> ty::GenericPredicates<'tcx> {
+            desc { |tcx| "computing the super traits of `{}`{}",
+                tcx.def_path_str(key.0),
+                if let Some(assoc_name) = key.1 { format!(" with associated type name `{}`", assoc_name) } else { "".to_string() },
+            }
         }
 
         /// To avoid cycles within the predicates of a single item we compute
         /// per-type-parameter predicates for resolving `T::AssocTy`.
-        query type_param_predicates(key: (DefId, LocalDefId)) -> ty::GenericPredicates<'tcx> {
+        query type_param_predicates(key: (DefId, LocalDefId, rustc_span::symbol::Ident)) -> ty::GenericPredicates<'tcx> {
             desc { |tcx| "computing the bounds for type parameter `{}`", {
                 let id = tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(key.1);
                 tcx.hir().ty_param_name(id)
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs
index 7207e5a179e..744aa39b96c 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/context.rs
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ use rustc_session::config::{BorrowckMode, CrateType, OutputFilenames};
 use rustc_session::lint::{Level, Lint};
 use rustc_session::Session;
 use rustc_span::source_map::MultiSpan;
-use rustc_span::symbol::{kw, sym, Symbol};
+use rustc_span::symbol::{kw, sym, Ident, Symbol};
 use rustc_span::{Span, DUMMY_SP};
 use rustc_target::abi::{Layout, TargetDataLayout, VariantIdx};
 use rustc_target::spec::abi;
@@ -2085,6 +2085,42 @@ impl<'tcx> TyCtxt<'tcx> {
         self.mk_fn_ptr(sig.map_bound(|sig| ty::FnSig { unsafety: hir::Unsafety::Unsafe, ..sig }))
     }
 
+    /// Given the def_id of a Trait `trait_def_id` and the name of an associated item `assoc_name`
+    /// returns true if the `trait_def_id` defines an associated item of name `assoc_name`.
+    pub fn trait_may_define_assoc_type(self, trait_def_id: DefId, assoc_name: Ident) -> bool {
+        self.super_traits_of(trait_def_id).any(|trait_did| {
+            self.associated_items(trait_did)
+                .find_by_name_and_kind(self, assoc_name, ty::AssocKind::Type, trait_did)
+                .is_some()
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Computes the def-ids of the transitive super-traits of `trait_def_id`. This (intentionally)
+    /// does not compute the full elaborated super-predicates but just the set of def-ids. It is used
+    /// to identify which traits may define a given associated type to help avoid cycle errors.
+    /// Returns a `DefId` iterator.
+    fn super_traits_of(self, trait_def_id: DefId) -> impl Iterator<Item = DefId> + 'tcx {
+        let mut set = FxHashSet::default();
+        let mut stack = vec![trait_def_id];
+
+        set.insert(trait_def_id);
+
+        iter::from_fn(move || -> Option<DefId> {
+            let trait_did = stack.pop()?;
+            let generic_predicates = self.super_predicates_of(trait_did);
+
+            for (predicate, _) in generic_predicates.predicates {
+                if let ty::PredicateAtom::Trait(data, _) = predicate.skip_binders() {
+                    if set.insert(data.def_id()) {
+                        stack.push(data.def_id());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            Some(trait_did)
+        })
+    }
+
     /// Given a closure signature, returns an equivalent fn signature. Detuples
     /// and so forth -- so e.g., if we have a sig with `Fn<(u32, i32)>` then
     /// you would get a `fn(u32, i32)`.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/query/keys.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/query/keys.rs
index a005990264c..3949c303f72 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/query/keys.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/query/keys.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use crate::ty::subst::{GenericArg, SubstsRef};
 use crate::ty::{self, Ty, TyCtxt};
 use rustc_hir::def_id::{CrateNum, DefId, LocalDefId, LOCAL_CRATE};
 use rustc_query_system::query::DefaultCacheSelector;
-use rustc_span::symbol::Symbol;
+use rustc_span::symbol::{Ident, Symbol};
 use rustc_span::{Span, DUMMY_SP};
 
 /// The `Key` trait controls what types can legally be used as the key
@@ -149,6 +149,28 @@ impl Key for (LocalDefId, DefId) {
     }
 }
 
+impl Key for (DefId, Option<Ident>) {
+    type CacheSelector = DefaultCacheSelector;
+
+    fn query_crate(&self) -> CrateNum {
+        self.0.krate
+    }
+    fn default_span(&self, tcx: TyCtxt<'_>) -> Span {
+        tcx.def_span(self.0)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Key for (DefId, LocalDefId, Ident) {
+    type CacheSelector = DefaultCacheSelector;
+
+    fn query_crate(&self) -> CrateNum {
+        self.0.krate
+    }
+    fn default_span(&self, tcx: TyCtxt<'_>) -> Span {
+        self.1.default_span(tcx)
+    }
+}
+
 impl Key for (CrateNum, DefId) {
     type CacheSelector = DefaultCacheSelector;
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/mod.rs
index 2fb9b3cd5d3..d6048d092b1 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/mod.rs
@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@ pub use self::util::{
     get_vtable_index_of_object_method, impl_item_is_final, predicate_for_trait_def, upcast_choices,
 };
 pub use self::util::{
-    supertrait_def_ids, supertraits, transitive_bounds, SupertraitDefIds, Supertraits,
+    supertrait_def_ids, supertraits, transitive_bounds, transitive_bounds_that_define_assoc_type,
+    SupertraitDefIds, Supertraits,
 };
 
 pub use self::chalk_fulfill::FulfillmentContext as ChalkFulfillmentContext;
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/astconv/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/astconv/mod.rs
index 7888cb1b9f5..915a15fd245 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/astconv/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/astconv/mod.rs
@@ -49,9 +49,10 @@ pub trait AstConv<'tcx> {
 
     fn default_constness_for_trait_bounds(&self) -> Constness;
 
-    /// Returns predicates in scope of the form `X: Foo`, where `X` is
-    /// a type parameter `X` with the given id `def_id`. This is a
-    /// subset of the full set of predicates.
+    /// Returns predicates in scope of the form `X: Foo<T>`, where `X`
+    /// is a type parameter `X` with the given id `def_id` and T
+    /// matches `assoc_name`. This is a subset of the full set of
+    /// predicates.
     ///
     /// This is used for one specific purpose: resolving "short-hand"
     /// associated type references like `T::Item`. In principle, we
@@ -60,7 +61,12 @@ pub trait AstConv<'tcx> {
     /// but this can lead to cycle errors. The problem is that we have
     /// to do this resolution *in order to create the predicates in
     /// the first place*. Hence, we have this "special pass".
-    fn get_type_parameter_bounds(&self, span: Span, def_id: DefId) -> ty::GenericPredicates<'tcx>;
+    fn get_type_parameter_bounds(
+        &self,
+        span: Span,
+        def_id: DefId,
+        assoc_name: Ident,
+    ) -> ty::GenericPredicates<'tcx>;
 
     /// Returns the lifetime to use when a lifetime is omitted (and not elided).
     fn re_infer(&self, param: Option<&ty::GenericParamDef>, span: Span)
@@ -762,7 +768,7 @@ impl<'o, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'tcx> + 'o {
     }
 
     // Returns `true` if a bounds list includes `?Sized`.
-    pub fn is_unsized(&self, ast_bounds: &[hir::GenericBound<'_>], span: Span) -> bool {
+    pub fn is_unsized(&self, ast_bounds: &[&hir::GenericBound<'_>], span: Span) -> bool {
         let tcx = self.tcx();
 
         // Try to find an unbound in bounds.
@@ -820,7 +826,7 @@ impl<'o, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'tcx> + 'o {
     fn add_bounds(
         &self,
         param_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
-        ast_bounds: &[hir::GenericBound<'_>],
+        ast_bounds: &[&hir::GenericBound<'_>],
         bounds: &mut Bounds<'tcx>,
     ) {
         let constness = self.default_constness_for_trait_bounds();
@@ -835,7 +841,7 @@ impl<'o, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'tcx> + 'o {
                 hir::GenericBound::Trait(_, hir::TraitBoundModifier::Maybe) => {}
                 hir::GenericBound::LangItemTrait(lang_item, span, hir_id, args) => self
                     .instantiate_lang_item_trait_ref(
-                        lang_item, span, hir_id, args, param_ty, bounds,
+                        *lang_item, *span, *hir_id, args, param_ty, bounds,
                     ),
                 hir::GenericBound::Outlives(ref l) => {
                     bounds.region_bounds.push((self.ast_region_to_region(l, None), l.span))
@@ -867,6 +873,42 @@ impl<'o, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'tcx> + 'o {
         sized_by_default: SizedByDefault,
         span: Span,
     ) -> Bounds<'tcx> {
+        let ast_bounds: Vec<_> = ast_bounds.iter().collect();
+        self.compute_bounds_inner(param_ty, &ast_bounds, sized_by_default, span)
+    }
+
+    /// Convert the bounds in `ast_bounds` that refer to traits which define an associated type
+    /// named `assoc_name` into ty::Bounds. Ignore the rest.
+    pub fn compute_bounds_that_match_assoc_type(
+        &self,
+        param_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
+        ast_bounds: &[hir::GenericBound<'_>],
+        sized_by_default: SizedByDefault,
+        span: Span,
+        assoc_name: Ident,
+    ) -> Bounds<'tcx> {
+        let mut result = Vec::new();
+
+        for ast_bound in ast_bounds {
+            if let Some(trait_ref) = ast_bound.trait_ref() {
+                if let Some(trait_did) = trait_ref.trait_def_id() {
+                    if self.tcx().trait_may_define_assoc_type(trait_did, assoc_name) {
+                        result.push(ast_bound);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        self.compute_bounds_inner(param_ty, &result, sized_by_default, span)
+    }
+
+    fn compute_bounds_inner(
+        &self,
+        param_ty: Ty<'tcx>,
+        ast_bounds: &[&hir::GenericBound<'_>],
+        sized_by_default: SizedByDefault,
+        span: Span,
+    ) -> Bounds<'tcx> {
         let mut bounds = Bounds::default();
 
         self.add_bounds(param_ty, ast_bounds, &mut bounds);
@@ -1035,7 +1077,8 @@ impl<'o, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'tcx> + 'o {
                 // Calling `skip_binder` is okay, because `add_bounds` expects the `param_ty`
                 // parameter to have a skipped binder.
                 let param_ty = tcx.mk_projection(assoc_ty.def_id, candidate.skip_binder().substs);
-                self.add_bounds(param_ty, ast_bounds, bounds);
+                let ast_bounds: Vec<_> = ast_bounds.iter().collect();
+                self.add_bounds(param_ty, &ast_bounds, bounds);
             }
         }
         Ok(())
@@ -1352,8 +1395,9 @@ impl<'o, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'tcx> + 'o {
             ty_param_def_id, assoc_name, span,
         );
 
-        let predicates =
-            &self.get_type_parameter_bounds(span, ty_param_def_id.to_def_id()).predicates;
+        let predicates = &self
+            .get_type_parameter_bounds(span, ty_param_def_id.to_def_id(), assoc_name)
+            .predicates;
 
         debug!("find_bound_for_assoc_item: predicates={:#?}", predicates);
 
@@ -1361,12 +1405,14 @@ impl<'o, 'tcx> dyn AstConv<'tcx> + 'o {
         let param_name = tcx.hir().ty_param_name(param_hir_id);
         self.one_bound_for_assoc_type(
             || {
-                traits::transitive_bounds(
+                traits::transitive_bounds_that_define_assoc_type(
                     tcx,
                     predicates.iter().filter_map(|(p, _)| {
                         p.to_opt_poly_trait_ref().map(|trait_ref| trait_ref.value)
                     }),
+                    assoc_name,
                 )
+                .into_iter()
             },
             || param_name.to_string(),
             assoc_name,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/check/fn_ctxt/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/check/fn_ctxt/mod.rs
index f635e0b6f93..20c639a0031 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/check/fn_ctxt/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/check/fn_ctxt/mod.rs
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ use rustc_middle::ty::fold::TypeFoldable;
 use rustc_middle::ty::subst::GenericArgKind;
 use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Const, Ty, TyCtxt};
 use rustc_session::Session;
+use rustc_span::symbol::Ident;
 use rustc_span::{self, Span};
 use rustc_trait_selection::traits::{ObligationCause, ObligationCauseCode};
 
@@ -183,7 +184,12 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> AstConv<'tcx> for FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         }
     }
 
-    fn get_type_parameter_bounds(&self, _: Span, def_id: DefId) -> ty::GenericPredicates<'tcx> {
+    fn get_type_parameter_bounds(
+        &self,
+        _: Span,
+        def_id: DefId,
+        _: Ident,
+    ) -> ty::GenericPredicates<'tcx> {
         let tcx = self.tcx;
         let hir_id = tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(def_id.expect_local());
         let item_id = tcx.hir().ty_param_owner(hir_id);
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/collect.rs b/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/collect.rs
index 0ff10abb60a..f8b7ccb2cd6 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/collect.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/collect.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+// ignore-tidy-filelength
 //! "Collection" is the process of determining the type and other external
 //! details of each item in Rust. Collection is specifically concerned
 //! with *inter-procedural* things -- for example, for a function
@@ -79,6 +80,7 @@ pub fn provide(providers: &mut Providers) {
         projection_ty_from_predicates,
         explicit_predicates_of,
         super_predicates_of,
+        super_predicates_that_define_assoc_type,
         trait_explicit_predicates_and_bounds,
         type_param_predicates,
         trait_def,
@@ -310,8 +312,17 @@ impl AstConv<'tcx> for ItemCtxt<'tcx> {
         }
     }
 
-    fn get_type_parameter_bounds(&self, span: Span, def_id: DefId) -> ty::GenericPredicates<'tcx> {
-        self.tcx.at(span).type_param_predicates((self.item_def_id, def_id.expect_local()))
+    fn get_type_parameter_bounds(
+        &self,
+        span: Span,
+        def_id: DefId,
+        assoc_name: Ident,
+    ) -> ty::GenericPredicates<'tcx> {
+        self.tcx.at(span).type_param_predicates((
+            self.item_def_id,
+            def_id.expect_local(),
+            assoc_name,
+        ))
     }
 
     fn re_infer(&self, _: Option<&ty::GenericParamDef>, _: Span) -> Option<ty::Region<'tcx>> {
@@ -492,7 +503,7 @@ fn get_new_lifetime_name<'tcx>(
 /// `X: Foo` where `X` is the type parameter `def_id`.
 fn type_param_predicates(
     tcx: TyCtxt<'_>,
-    (item_def_id, def_id): (DefId, LocalDefId),
+    (item_def_id, def_id, assoc_name): (DefId, LocalDefId, Ident),
 ) -> ty::GenericPredicates<'_> {
     use rustc_hir::*;
 
@@ -517,7 +528,7 @@ fn type_param_predicates(
     let mut result = parent
         .map(|parent| {
             let icx = ItemCtxt::new(tcx, parent);
-            icx.get_type_parameter_bounds(DUMMY_SP, def_id.to_def_id())
+            icx.get_type_parameter_bounds(DUMMY_SP, def_id.to_def_id(), assoc_name)
         })
         .unwrap_or_default();
     let mut extend = None;
@@ -560,12 +571,18 @@ fn type_param_predicates(
 
     let icx = ItemCtxt::new(tcx, item_def_id);
     let extra_predicates = extend.into_iter().chain(
-        icx.type_parameter_bounds_in_generics(ast_generics, param_id, ty, OnlySelfBounds(true))
-            .into_iter()
-            .filter(|(predicate, _)| match predicate.skip_binders() {
-                ty::PredicateAtom::Trait(data, _) => data.self_ty().is_param(index),
-                _ => false,
-            }),
+        icx.type_parameter_bounds_in_generics(
+            ast_generics,
+            param_id,
+            ty,
+            OnlySelfBounds(true),
+            Some(assoc_name),
+        )
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter(|(predicate, _)| match predicate.skip_binders() {
+            ty::PredicateAtom::Trait(data, _) => data.self_ty().is_param(index),
+            _ => false,
+        }),
     );
     result.predicates =
         tcx.arena.alloc_from_iter(result.predicates.iter().copied().chain(extra_predicates));
@@ -583,6 +600,7 @@ impl ItemCtxt<'tcx> {
         param_id: hir::HirId,
         ty: Ty<'tcx>,
         only_self_bounds: OnlySelfBounds,
+        assoc_name: Option<Ident>,
     ) -> Vec<(ty::Predicate<'tcx>, Span)> {
         let constness = self.default_constness_for_trait_bounds();
         let from_ty_params = ast_generics
@@ -593,6 +611,10 @@ impl ItemCtxt<'tcx> {
                 _ => None,
             })
             .flat_map(|bounds| bounds.iter())
+            .filter(|b| match assoc_name {
+                Some(assoc_name) => self.bound_defines_assoc_item(b, assoc_name),
+                None => true,
+            })
             .flat_map(|b| predicates_from_bound(self, ty, b, constness));
 
         let from_where_clauses = ast_generics
@@ -611,12 +633,34 @@ impl ItemCtxt<'tcx> {
                 } else {
                     None
                 };
-                bp.bounds.iter().filter_map(move |b| bt.map(|bt| (bt, b)))
+                bp.bounds
+                    .iter()
+                    .filter(|b| match assoc_name {
+                        Some(assoc_name) => self.bound_defines_assoc_item(b, assoc_name),
+                        None => true,
+                    })
+                    .filter_map(move |b| bt.map(|bt| (bt, b)))
             })
             .flat_map(|(bt, b)| predicates_from_bound(self, bt, b, constness));
 
         from_ty_params.chain(from_where_clauses).collect()
     }
+
+    fn bound_defines_assoc_item(&self, b: &hir::GenericBound<'_>, assoc_name: Ident) -> bool {
+        debug!("bound_defines_assoc_item(b={:?}, assoc_name={:?})", b, assoc_name);
+
+        match b {
+            hir::GenericBound::Trait(poly_trait_ref, _) => {
+                let trait_ref = &poly_trait_ref.trait_ref;
+                if let Some(trait_did) = trait_ref.trait_def_id() {
+                    self.tcx.trait_may_define_assoc_type(trait_did, assoc_name)
+                } else {
+                    false
+                }
+            }
+            _ => false,
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 /// Tests whether this is the AST for a reference to the type
@@ -985,54 +1029,90 @@ fn adt_def(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, def_id: DefId) -> &ty::AdtDef {
 /// the transitive super-predicates are converted.
 fn super_predicates_of(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, trait_def_id: DefId) -> ty::GenericPredicates<'_> {
     debug!("super_predicates(trait_def_id={:?})", trait_def_id);
-    let trait_hir_id = tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(trait_def_id.expect_local());
+    tcx.super_predicates_that_define_assoc_type((trait_def_id, None))
+}
 
-    let item = match tcx.hir().get(trait_hir_id) {
-        Node::Item(item) => item,
-        _ => bug!("trait_node_id {} is not an item", trait_hir_id),
-    };
+/// Ensures that the super-predicates of the trait with a `DefId`
+/// of `trait_def_id` are converted and stored. This also ensures that
+/// the transitive super-predicates are converted.
+fn super_predicates_that_define_assoc_type(
+    tcx: TyCtxt<'_>,
+    (trait_def_id, assoc_name): (DefId, Option<Ident>),
+) -> ty::GenericPredicates<'_> {
+    debug!(
+        "super_predicates_that_define_assoc_type(trait_def_id={:?}, assoc_name={:?})",
+        trait_def_id, assoc_name
+    );
+    if trait_def_id.is_local() {
+        debug!("super_predicates_that_define_assoc_type: local trait_def_id={:?}", trait_def_id);
+        let trait_hir_id = tcx.hir().local_def_id_to_hir_id(trait_def_id.expect_local());
 
-    let (generics, bounds) = match item.kind {
-        hir::ItemKind::Trait(.., ref generics, ref supertraits, _) => (generics, supertraits),
-        hir::ItemKind::TraitAlias(ref generics, ref supertraits) => (generics, supertraits),
-        _ => span_bug!(item.span, "super_predicates invoked on non-trait"),
-    };
+        let item = match tcx.hir().get(trait_hir_id) {
+            Node::Item(item) => item,
+            _ => bug!("trait_node_id {} is not an item", trait_hir_id),
+        };
 
-    let icx = ItemCtxt::new(tcx, trait_def_id);
-
-    // Convert the bounds that follow the colon, e.g., `Bar + Zed` in `trait Foo: Bar + Zed`.
-    let self_param_ty = tcx.types.self_param;
-    let superbounds1 =
-        AstConv::compute_bounds(&icx, self_param_ty, bounds, SizedByDefault::No, item.span);
-
-    let superbounds1 = superbounds1.predicates(tcx, self_param_ty);
-
-    // Convert any explicit superbounds in the where-clause,
-    // e.g., `trait Foo where Self: Bar`.
-    // In the case of trait aliases, however, we include all bounds in the where-clause,
-    // so e.g., `trait Foo = where u32: PartialEq<Self>` would include `u32: PartialEq<Self>`
-    // as one of its "superpredicates".
-    let is_trait_alias = tcx.is_trait_alias(trait_def_id);
-    let superbounds2 = icx.type_parameter_bounds_in_generics(
-        generics,
-        item.hir_id,
-        self_param_ty,
-        OnlySelfBounds(!is_trait_alias),
-    );
+        let (generics, bounds) = match item.kind {
+            hir::ItemKind::Trait(.., ref generics, ref supertraits, _) => (generics, supertraits),
+            hir::ItemKind::TraitAlias(ref generics, ref supertraits) => (generics, supertraits),
+            _ => span_bug!(item.span, "super_predicates invoked on non-trait"),
+        };
 
-    // Combine the two lists to form the complete set of superbounds:
-    let superbounds = &*tcx.arena.alloc_from_iter(superbounds1.into_iter().chain(superbounds2));
+        let icx = ItemCtxt::new(tcx, trait_def_id);
 
-    // Now require that immediate supertraits are converted,
-    // which will, in turn, reach indirect supertraits.
-    for &(pred, span) in superbounds {
-        debug!("superbound: {:?}", pred);
-        if let ty::PredicateAtom::Trait(bound, _) = pred.skip_binders() {
-            tcx.at(span).super_predicates_of(bound.def_id());
+        // Convert the bounds that follow the colon, e.g., `Bar + Zed` in `trait Foo: Bar + Zed`.
+        let self_param_ty = tcx.types.self_param;
+        let superbounds1 = if let Some(assoc_name) = assoc_name {
+            AstConv::compute_bounds_that_match_assoc_type(
+                &icx,
+                self_param_ty,
+                &bounds,
+                SizedByDefault::No,
+                item.span,
+                assoc_name,
+            )
+        } else {
+            AstConv::compute_bounds(&icx, self_param_ty, &bounds, SizedByDefault::No, item.span)
+        };
+
+        let superbounds1 = superbounds1.predicates(tcx, self_param_ty);
+
+        // Convert any explicit superbounds in the where-clause,
+        // e.g., `trait Foo where Self: Bar`.
+        // In the case of trait aliases, however, we include all bounds in the where-clause,
+        // so e.g., `trait Foo = where u32: PartialEq<Self>` would include `u32: PartialEq<Self>`
+        // as one of its "superpredicates".
+        let is_trait_alias = tcx.is_trait_alias(trait_def_id);
+        let superbounds2 = icx.type_parameter_bounds_in_generics(
+            generics,
+            item.hir_id,
+            self_param_ty,
+            OnlySelfBounds(!is_trait_alias),
+            assoc_name,
+        );
+
+        // Combine the two lists to form the complete set of superbounds:
+        let superbounds = &*tcx.arena.alloc_from_iter(superbounds1.into_iter().chain(superbounds2));
+
+        // Now require that immediate supertraits are converted,
+        // which will, in turn, reach indirect supertraits.
+        if assoc_name.is_none() {
+            // FIXME: move this into the `super_predicates_of` query
+            for &(pred, span) in superbounds {
+                debug!("superbound: {:?}", pred);
+                if let ty::PredicateAtom::Trait(bound, _) = pred.skip_binders() {
+                    tcx.at(span).super_predicates_of(bound.def_id());
+                }
+            }
         }
-    }
 
-    ty::GenericPredicates { parent: None, predicates: superbounds }
+        ty::GenericPredicates { parent: None, predicates: superbounds }
+    } else {
+        // if `assoc_name` is None, then the query should've been redirected to an
+        // external provider
+        assert!(assoc_name.is_some());
+        tcx.super_predicates_of(trait_def_id)
+    }
 }
 
 fn trait_def(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, def_id: DefId) -> ty::TraitDef {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/collect/item_bounds.rs b/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/collect/item_bounds.rs
index e596dd1a396..dd1da7d9cff 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/collect/item_bounds.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_typeck/src/collect/item_bounds.rs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ fn associated_type_bounds<'tcx>(
     let bounds = AstConv::compute_bounds(
         &ItemCtxt::new(tcx, assoc_item_def_id),
         item_ty,
-        bounds,
+        &bounds,
         SizedByDefault::Yes,
         span,
     );
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ fn opaque_type_bounds<'tcx>(
         let bounds = AstConv::compute_bounds(
             &ItemCtxt::new(tcx, opaque_def_id),
             item_ty,
-            bounds,
+            &bounds,
             SizedByDefault::Yes,
             span,
         )
diff --git a/src/test/incremental/cyclic-trait-hierarchy.rs b/src/test/incremental/cyclic-trait-hierarchy.rs
index 03bb5eea765..b502e7207d5 100644
--- a/src/test/incremental/cyclic-trait-hierarchy.rs
+++ b/src/test/incremental/cyclic-trait-hierarchy.rs
@@ -3,11 +3,11 @@
 // revisions: rpass1 cfail2
 
 #[cfg(rpass1)]
-pub trait T2 { }
+pub trait T2 {}
 #[cfg(cfail2)]
-pub trait T2: T1 { }
-//[cfail2]~^ ERROR cycle detected when computing the supertraits of `T2`
+pub trait T2: T1 {}
+//[cfail2]~^ ERROR cycle detected when computing the super predicates of `T2`
 
-pub trait T1: T2 { }
+pub trait T1: T2 {}
 
-fn main() { }
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/ambiguous-associated-type2.rs b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/ambiguous-associated-type2.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..1b6d6d0ff59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/ambiguous-associated-type2.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// ignore-tidy-linelength
+
+trait Foo {
+    type Item;
+}
+trait Bar<T> {
+    type Item;
+}
+trait Baz: Foo + Bar<Self::Item> {}
+//~^ ERROR cycle detected when computing the super traits of `Baz` with associated type name `Item` [E0391]
+
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/ambiguous-associated-type2.stderr b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/ambiguous-associated-type2.stderr
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bda1debeac0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/ambiguous-associated-type2.stderr
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+error[E0391]: cycle detected when computing the super traits of `Baz` with associated type name `Item`
+  --> $DIR/ambiguous-associated-type2.rs:9:1
+   |
+LL | trait Baz: Foo + Bar<Self::Item> {}
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+   = note: ...which again requires computing the super traits of `Baz` with associated type name `Item`, completing the cycle
+note: cycle used when computing the super traits of `Baz`
+  --> $DIR/ambiguous-associated-type2.rs:9:1
+   |
+LL | trait Baz: Foo + Bar<Self::Item> {}
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+error: aborting due to previous error
+
+For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0391`.
diff --git a/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/associated-item-through-where-clause.rs b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/associated-item-through-where-clause.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3eb50ab5547
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/associated-item-through-where-clause.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// check-pass
+
+trait Foo {
+    type Item;
+}
+
+trait Bar
+where
+    Self: Foo,
+{
+}
+
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+fn foo<M>(_m: M)
+where
+    M: Bar,
+    M::Item: Send,
+{
+}
+
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/handle-predicates-that-can-define-assoc-type.rs b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/handle-predicates-that-can-define-assoc-type.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b1e54ec0449
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/handle-predicates-that-can-define-assoc-type.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+// check-pass
+
+trait Foo<T> {}
+trait Bar {
+    type A;
+    type B;
+}
+trait Baz: Bar<B = u32> + Foo<Self::A> {}
+
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/missing-trait-bound-for-assoc-fails.rs b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/missing-trait-bound-for-assoc-fails.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..07d0f8f8769
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/missing-trait-bound-for-assoc-fails.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#[allow(dead_code)]
+fn foo<M>(_m: M)
+where
+    M::Item: Temp,
+    //~^ ERROR cannot find trait `Temp` in this scope [E0405]
+    //~| ERROR associated type `Item` not found for `M` [E0220]
+{
+}
+
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/missing-trait-bound-for-assoc-fails.stderr b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/missing-trait-bound-for-assoc-fails.stderr
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..bc2807b0396
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/missing-trait-bound-for-assoc-fails.stderr
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+error[E0405]: cannot find trait `Temp` in this scope
+  --> $DIR/missing-trait-bound-for-assoc-fails.rs:4:14
+   |
+LL |     M::Item: Temp,
+   |              ^^^^ not found in this scope
+
+error[E0220]: associated type `Item` not found for `M`
+  --> $DIR/missing-trait-bound-for-assoc-fails.rs:4:8
+   |
+LL |     M::Item: Temp,
+   |        ^^^^ associated type `Item` not found
+
+error: aborting due to 2 previous errors
+
+Some errors have detailed explanations: E0220, E0405.
+For more information about an error, try `rustc --explain E0220`.
diff --git a/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/super-trait-referencing-self.rs b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/super-trait-referencing-self.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..c82ec01f4d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/super-trait-referencing-self.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+// check-pass
+trait Foo {
+    type Bar;
+}
+trait Qux: Foo + AsRef<Self::Bar> {}
+trait Foo2 {}
+
+trait Qux2: Foo2 + AsRef<Self::Bar> {
+    type Bar;
+}
+
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/super-trait-referencing.rs b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/super-trait-referencing.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..2e97535157f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/super-trait-referencing.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+// check-pass
+
+// The goal of this test is to ensure that T: Bar<T::Item>
+// in the where clause does not cycle
+
+trait Foo {
+    type Item;
+}
+
+trait Bar<T> {}
+
+fn baz<T>()
+where
+    T: Foo,
+    T: Bar<T::Item>,
+{
+}
+
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/super-trait-where-referencing-self.rs b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/super-trait-where-referencing-self.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..72a6be9ffc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/ui/associated-type-bounds/super-trait-where-referencing-self.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// check-pass
+
+// Test that we do not get a cycle due to
+// resolving `Self::Bar` in the where clauses
+// on a trait definition (in particular, in
+// a where clause that is defining a superpredicate).
+
+trait Foo {
+    type Bar;
+}
+trait Qux
+where
+    Self: Foo,
+    Self: AsRef<Self::Bar>,
+{
+}
+trait Foo2 {}
+
+trait Qux2
+where
+    Self: Foo2,
+    Self: AsRef<Self::Bar>,
+{
+    type Bar;
+}
+
+fn main() {}
diff --git a/src/test/ui/cycle-projection-based-on-where-clause.rs b/src/test/ui/cycle-projection-based-on-where-clause.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index d3609acfdff..00000000000
--- a/src/test/ui/cycle-projection-based-on-where-clause.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-// Example cycle where a bound on `T` uses a shorthand for `T`. This
-// creates a cycle because we have to know the bounds on `T` to figure
-// out what trait defines `Item`, but we can't know the bounds on `T`
-// without knowing how to handle `T::Item`.
-//
-// Note that in the future cases like this could perhaps become legal,
-// if we got more fine-grained about our cycle detection or changed
-// how we handle `T::Item` resolution.
-
-use std::ops::Add;
-
-// Preamble.
-trait Trait { type Item; }
-
-struct A<T>
-    where T : Trait,
-          T : Add<T::Item>
-    //~^ ERROR cycle detected
-{
-    data: T
-}
-
-fn main() {
-}
diff --git a/src/test/ui/cycle-projection-based-on-where-clause.stderr b/src/test/ui/cycle-projection-based-on-where-clause.stderr
deleted file mode 100644
index 2c337cc6bf9..00000000000
--- a/src/test/ui/cycle-projection-based-on-where-clause.stderr
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-error[E0391]: cycle detected when computing the bounds for type parameter `T`
-  --> $DIR/cycle-projection-based-on-where-clause.rs:17:19
-   |
-LL |           T : Add<T::Item>
-   |                   ^^^^^^^
-   |
-   = note: ...which again requires computing the bounds for type parameter `T`, completing the cycle
-note: cycle used when computing explicit predicates of `A`
-  --> $DIR/cycle-projection-based-on-where-clause.rs:17:19
-   |
-LL |           T : Add<T::Item>
-   |                   ^^^^^^^
-
-error: aborting due to previous error
-
-For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0391`.
diff --git a/src/test/ui/cycle-trait/cycle-trait-supertrait-direct.stderr b/src/test/ui/cycle-trait/cycle-trait-supertrait-direct.stderr
index 8aa3ac8abf5..ee54b2fd151 100644
--- a/src/test/ui/cycle-trait/cycle-trait-supertrait-direct.stderr
+++ b/src/test/ui/cycle-trait/cycle-trait-supertrait-direct.stderr
@@ -1,10 +1,15 @@
-error[E0391]: cycle detected when computing the supertraits of `Chromosome`
+error[E0391]: cycle detected when computing the super predicates of `Chromosome`
+  --> $DIR/cycle-trait-supertrait-direct.rs:3:1
+   |
+LL | trait Chromosome: Chromosome {
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+note: ...which requires computing the super traits of `Chromosome`...
   --> $DIR/cycle-trait-supertrait-direct.rs:3:19
    |
 LL | trait Chromosome: Chromosome {
    |                   ^^^^^^^^^^
-   |
-   = note: ...which again requires computing the supertraits of `Chromosome`, completing the cycle
+   = note: ...which again requires computing the super predicates of `Chromosome`, completing the cycle
 note: cycle used when collecting item types in top-level module
   --> $DIR/cycle-trait-supertrait-direct.rs:3:1
    |
diff --git a/src/test/ui/cycle-trait/cycle-trait-supertrait-indirect.stderr b/src/test/ui/cycle-trait/cycle-trait-supertrait-indirect.stderr
index 9740f43a4ba..0a2284e0efb 100644
--- a/src/test/ui/cycle-trait/cycle-trait-supertrait-indirect.stderr
+++ b/src/test/ui/cycle-trait/cycle-trait-supertrait-indirect.stderr
@@ -1,16 +1,26 @@
-error[E0391]: cycle detected when computing the supertraits of `B`
+error[E0391]: cycle detected when computing the super predicates of `B`
+  --> $DIR/cycle-trait-supertrait-indirect.rs:7:1
+   |
+LL | trait B: C {
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+note: ...which requires computing the super traits of `B`...
   --> $DIR/cycle-trait-supertrait-indirect.rs:7:10
    |
 LL | trait B: C {
    |          ^
+note: ...which requires computing the super predicates of `C`...
+  --> $DIR/cycle-trait-supertrait-indirect.rs:11:1
    |
-note: ...which requires computing the supertraits of `C`...
+LL | trait C: B { }
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^
+note: ...which requires computing the super traits of `C`...
   --> $DIR/cycle-trait-supertrait-indirect.rs:11:10
    |
 LL | trait C: B { }
    |          ^
-   = note: ...which again requires computing the supertraits of `B`, completing the cycle
-note: cycle used when computing the supertraits of `A`
+   = note: ...which again requires computing the super predicates of `B`, completing the cycle
+note: cycle used when computing the super traits of `A`
   --> $DIR/cycle-trait-supertrait-indirect.rs:4:10
    |
 LL | trait A: B {
diff --git a/src/test/ui/issues/issue-12511.stderr b/src/test/ui/issues/issue-12511.stderr
index 37e38ff60ae..5f2b98c5237 100644
--- a/src/test/ui/issues/issue-12511.stderr
+++ b/src/test/ui/issues/issue-12511.stderr
@@ -1,15 +1,25 @@
-error[E0391]: cycle detected when computing the supertraits of `T1`
+error[E0391]: cycle detected when computing the super predicates of `T1`
+  --> $DIR/issue-12511.rs:1:1
+   |
+LL | trait T1 : T2 {
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+   |
+note: ...which requires computing the super traits of `T1`...
   --> $DIR/issue-12511.rs:1:12
    |
 LL | trait T1 : T2 {
    |            ^^
+note: ...which requires computing the super predicates of `T2`...
+  --> $DIR/issue-12511.rs:5:1
    |
-note: ...which requires computing the supertraits of `T2`...
+LL | trait T2 : T1 {
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+note: ...which requires computing the super traits of `T2`...
   --> $DIR/issue-12511.rs:5:12
    |
 LL | trait T2 : T1 {
    |            ^^
-   = note: ...which again requires computing the supertraits of `T1`, completing the cycle
+   = note: ...which again requires computing the super predicates of `T1`, completing the cycle
 note: cycle used when collecting item types in top-level module
   --> $DIR/issue-12511.rs:1:1
    |
diff --git a/src/test/ui/issues/issue-20772.stderr b/src/test/ui/issues/issue-20772.stderr
index d64636310a3..4aecc7eab46 100644
--- a/src/test/ui/issues/issue-20772.stderr
+++ b/src/test/ui/issues/issue-20772.stderr
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-error[E0391]: cycle detected when computing the supertraits of `T`
+error[E0391]: cycle detected when computing the super traits of `T` with associated type name `Item`
   --> $DIR/issue-20772.rs:1:1
    |
 LL | / trait T : Iterator<Item=Self::Item>
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ LL | |
 LL | | {}
    | |__^
    |
-   = note: ...which again requires computing the supertraits of `T`, completing the cycle
-note: cycle used when collecting item types in top-level module
+   = note: ...which again requires computing the super traits of `T` with associated type name `Item`, completing the cycle
+note: cycle used when computing the super traits of `T`
   --> $DIR/issue-20772.rs:1:1
    |
 LL | / trait T : Iterator<Item=Self::Item>
diff --git a/src/test/ui/issues/issue-20825.stderr b/src/test/ui/issues/issue-20825.stderr
index 5f9709d1c64..ccbe06d9c0d 100644
--- a/src/test/ui/issues/issue-20825.stderr
+++ b/src/test/ui/issues/issue-20825.stderr
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-error[E0391]: cycle detected when computing the supertraits of `Processor`
+error[E0391]: cycle detected when computing the super traits of `Processor` with associated type name `Input`
   --> $DIR/issue-20825.rs:5:1
    |
 LL | pub trait Processor: Subscriber<Input = Self::Input> {
    | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
    |
-   = note: ...which again requires computing the supertraits of `Processor`, completing the cycle
-note: cycle used when collecting item types in top-level module
+   = note: ...which again requires computing the super traits of `Processor` with associated type name `Input`, completing the cycle
+note: cycle used when computing the super traits of `Processor`
   --> $DIR/issue-20825.rs:5:1
    |
 LL | pub trait Processor: Subscriber<Input = Self::Input> {
diff --git a/src/test/ui/issues/issue-22673.rs b/src/test/ui/issues/issue-22673.rs
index ba8057b684d..4b9b4d6b23d 100644
--- a/src/test/ui/issues/issue-22673.rs
+++ b/src/test/ui/issues/issue-22673.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
-trait Expr : PartialEq<Self::Item> {
-    //~^ ERROR: cycle detected
+// check-pass
+
+trait Expr: PartialEq<Self::Item> {
     type Item;
 }
 
diff --git a/src/test/ui/issues/issue-22673.stderr b/src/test/ui/issues/issue-22673.stderr
deleted file mode 100644
index 9e7e4b218b1..00000000000
--- a/src/test/ui/issues/issue-22673.stderr
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,16 +0,0 @@
-error[E0391]: cycle detected when computing the supertraits of `Expr`
-  --> $DIR/issue-22673.rs:1:1
-   |
-LL | trait Expr : PartialEq<Self::Item> {
-   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-   |
-   = note: ...which again requires computing the supertraits of `Expr`, completing the cycle
-note: cycle used when collecting item types in top-level module
-  --> $DIR/issue-22673.rs:1:1
-   |
-LL | trait Expr : PartialEq<Self::Item> {
-   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
-
-error: aborting due to previous error
-
-For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0391`.