rustc_metadata: Refactor lazy table reading/writing

Change wording from "nullable" to "default".
Introduce a trait `IsDefault` for detecting values that are encoded as zeros or not encoded at all.
Add panics to impossible cases.
Some other minor cleanups.

3 files changed, 127 insertions, 90 deletions

diff --git a/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/encoder.rs b/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/encoder.rs
index 9d8f14058f6..0533aacbd2f 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/encoder.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/encoder.rs
@@ -365,26 +365,26 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> TyEncoder for EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
     }
 }
 
-// Shorthand for `$self.$tables.$table.set($def_id.index, $self.lazy_value($value))`, which would
+// Shorthand for `$self.$tables.$table.set_some($def_id.index, $self.lazy_value($value))`, which would
 // normally need extra variables to avoid errors about multiple mutable borrows.
 macro_rules! record {
     ($self:ident.$tables:ident.$table:ident[$def_id:expr] <- $value:expr) => {{
         {
             let value = $value;
             let lazy = $self.lazy(value);
-            $self.$tables.$table.set($def_id.index, lazy);
+            $self.$tables.$table.set_some($def_id.index, lazy);
         }
     }};
 }
 
-// Shorthand for `$self.$tables.$table.set($def_id.index, $self.lazy_value($value))`, which would
+// Shorthand for `$self.$tables.$table.set_some($def_id.index, $self.lazy_value($value))`, which would
 // normally need extra variables to avoid errors about multiple mutable borrows.
 macro_rules! record_array {
     ($self:ident.$tables:ident.$table:ident[$def_id:expr] <- $value:expr) => {{
         {
             let value = $value;
             let lazy = $self.lazy_array(value);
-            $self.$tables.$table.set($def_id.index, lazy);
+            $self.$tables.$table.set_some($def_id.index, lazy);
         }
     }};
 }
@@ -467,14 +467,14 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
             {
                 let def_key = self.lazy(table.def_key(def_index));
                 let def_path_hash = table.def_path_hash(def_index);
-                self.tables.def_keys.set(def_index, def_key);
-                self.tables.def_path_hashes.set(def_index, def_path_hash);
+                self.tables.def_keys.set_some(def_index, def_key);
+                self.tables.def_path_hashes.set_some(def_index, def_path_hash);
             }
         } else {
             for (def_index, def_key, def_path_hash) in table.enumerated_keys_and_path_hashes() {
                 let def_key = self.lazy(def_key);
-                self.tables.def_keys.set(def_index, def_key);
-                self.tables.def_path_hashes.set(def_index, *def_path_hash);
+                self.tables.def_keys.set_some(def_index, def_key);
+                self.tables.def_path_hashes.set_some(def_index, *def_path_hash);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -548,7 +548,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
 
             let on_disk_index: u32 =
                 on_disk_index.try_into().expect("cannot export more than U32_MAX files");
-            adapted.set(on_disk_index, self.lazy(source_file));
+            adapted.set_some(on_disk_index, self.lazy(source_file));
         }
 
         adapted.encode(&mut self.opaque)
@@ -1147,9 +1147,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
         if state.is_doc_hidden {
             attr_flags |= AttrFlags::IS_DOC_HIDDEN;
         }
-        if !attr_flags.is_empty() {
-            self.tables.attr_flags.set_nullable(def_id.local_def_index, attr_flags);
-        }
+        self.tables.attr_flags.set(def_id.local_def_index, attr_flags);
     }
 
     fn encode_def_ids(&mut self) {
@@ -1161,7 +1159,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
             let def_id = local_id.to_def_id();
             let def_kind = tcx.opt_def_kind(local_id);
             let Some(def_kind) = def_kind else { continue };
-            self.tables.opt_def_kind.set(def_id.index, def_kind);
+            self.tables.opt_def_kind.set_some(def_id.index, def_kind);
             let def_span = tcx.def_span(local_id);
             record!(self.tables.def_span[def_id] <- def_span);
             self.encode_attrs(local_id);
@@ -1264,14 +1262,14 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
             };
             record!(self.tables.variant_data[variant.def_id] <- data);
 
-            self.tables.constness.set(variant.def_id.index, hir::Constness::Const);
+            self.tables.constness.set_some(variant.def_id.index, hir::Constness::Const);
             record_array!(self.tables.children[variant.def_id] <- variant.fields.iter().map(|f| {
                 assert!(f.did.is_local());
                 f.did.index
             }));
 
             if let Some((CtorKind::Fn, ctor_def_id)) = variant.ctor {
-                self.tables.constness.set(ctor_def_id.index, hir::Constness::Const);
+                self.tables.constness.set_some(ctor_def_id.index, hir::Constness::Const);
                 let fn_sig = tcx.fn_sig(ctor_def_id);
                 record!(self.tables.fn_sig[ctor_def_id] <- fn_sig);
                 // FIXME only encode signature for ctor_def_id
@@ -1342,16 +1340,16 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
         let tcx = self.tcx;
 
         let impl_defaultness = tcx.impl_defaultness(def_id.expect_local());
-        self.tables.impl_defaultness.set(def_id.index, impl_defaultness);
+        self.tables.impl_defaultness.set_some(def_id.index, impl_defaultness);
         let trait_item = tcx.associated_item(def_id);
-        self.tables.assoc_container.set(def_id.index, trait_item.container);
+        self.tables.assoc_container.set_some(def_id.index, trait_item.container);
 
         match trait_item.kind {
             ty::AssocKind::Const => {}
             ty::AssocKind::Fn => {
                 record_array!(self.tables.fn_arg_names[def_id] <- tcx.fn_arg_names(def_id));
-                self.tables.asyncness.set(def_id.index, tcx.asyncness(def_id));
-                self.tables.constness.set(def_id.index, hir::Constness::NotConst);
+                self.tables.asyncness.set_some(def_id.index, tcx.asyncness(def_id));
+                self.tables.constness.set_some(def_id.index, hir::Constness::NotConst);
             }
             ty::AssocKind::Type => {
                 self.encode_explicit_item_bounds(def_id);
@@ -1367,14 +1365,14 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
         let tcx = self.tcx;
 
         let ast_item = self.tcx.hir().expect_impl_item(def_id.expect_local());
-        self.tables.impl_defaultness.set(def_id.index, ast_item.defaultness);
+        self.tables.impl_defaultness.set_some(def_id.index, ast_item.defaultness);
         let impl_item = self.tcx.associated_item(def_id);
-        self.tables.assoc_container.set(def_id.index, impl_item.container);
+        self.tables.assoc_container.set_some(def_id.index, impl_item.container);
 
         match impl_item.kind {
             ty::AssocKind::Fn => {
                 let hir::ImplItemKind::Fn(ref sig, body) = ast_item.kind else { bug!() };
-                self.tables.asyncness.set(def_id.index, sig.header.asyncness);
+                self.tables.asyncness.set_some(def_id.index, sig.header.asyncness);
                 record_array!(self.tables.fn_arg_names[def_id] <- self.tcx.hir().body_param_names(body));
                 // Can be inside `impl const Trait`, so using sig.header.constness is not reliable
                 let constness = if self.tcx.is_const_fn_raw(def_id) {
@@ -1382,18 +1380,16 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
                 } else {
                     hir::Constness::NotConst
                 };
-                self.tables.constness.set(def_id.index, constness);
+                self.tables.constness.set_some(def_id.index, constness);
             }
             ty::AssocKind::Const | ty::AssocKind::Type => {}
         }
         if let Some(trait_item_def_id) = impl_item.trait_item_def_id {
-            self.tables.trait_item_def_id.set(def_id.index, trait_item_def_id.into());
+            self.tables.trait_item_def_id.set_some(def_id.index, trait_item_def_id.into());
         }
         if impl_item.kind == ty::AssocKind::Fn {
             record!(self.tables.fn_sig[def_id] <- tcx.fn_sig(def_id));
-            if tcx.is_intrinsic(def_id) {
-                self.tables.is_intrinsic.set_nullable(def_id.index, true);
-            }
+            self.tables.is_intrinsic.set(def_id.index, tcx.is_intrinsic(def_id));
         }
     }
 
@@ -1522,14 +1518,12 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
 
         match item.kind {
             hir::ItemKind::Fn(ref sig, .., body) => {
-                self.tables.asyncness.set(def_id.index, sig.header.asyncness);
+                self.tables.asyncness.set_some(def_id.index, sig.header.asyncness);
                 record_array!(self.tables.fn_arg_names[def_id] <- self.tcx.hir().body_param_names(body));
-                self.tables.constness.set(def_id.index, sig.header.constness);
+                self.tables.constness.set_some(def_id.index, sig.header.constness);
             }
             hir::ItemKind::Macro(ref macro_def, _) => {
-                if macro_def.macro_rules {
-                    self.tables.is_macro_rules.set_nullable(def_id.index, true);
-                }
+                self.tables.is_macro_rules.set(def_id.index, macro_def.macro_rules);
                 record!(self.tables.macro_definition[def_id] <- &*macro_def.body);
             }
             hir::ItemKind::Mod(ref m) => {
@@ -1537,20 +1531,20 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
             }
             hir::ItemKind::OpaqueTy(ref opaque) => {
                 self.encode_explicit_item_bounds(def_id);
-                if matches!(opaque.origin, hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::TyAlias) {
-                    self.tables.is_type_alias_impl_trait.set_nullable(def_id.index, true);
-                }
+                self.tables
+                    .is_type_alias_impl_trait
+                    .set(def_id.index, matches!(opaque.origin, hir::OpaqueTyOrigin::TyAlias));
             }
             hir::ItemKind::Impl(hir::Impl { defaultness, constness, .. }) => {
-                self.tables.impl_defaultness.set(def_id.index, *defaultness);
-                self.tables.constness.set(def_id.index, *constness);
+                self.tables.impl_defaultness.set_some(def_id.index, *defaultness);
+                self.tables.constness.set_some(def_id.index, *constness);
 
                 let trait_ref = self.tcx.impl_trait_ref(def_id).map(ty::EarlyBinder::skip_binder);
                 if let Some(trait_ref) = trait_ref {
                     let trait_def = self.tcx.trait_def(trait_ref.def_id);
                     if let Ok(mut an) = trait_def.ancestors(self.tcx, def_id) {
                         if let Some(specialization_graph::Node::Impl(parent)) = an.nth(1) {
-                            self.tables.impl_parent.set(def_id.index, parent.into());
+                            self.tables.impl_parent.set_some(def_id.index, parent.into());
                         }
                     }
 
@@ -1564,7 +1558,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
                 }
 
                 let polarity = self.tcx.impl_polarity(def_id);
-                self.tables.impl_polarity.set(def_id.index, polarity);
+                self.tables.impl_polarity.set_some(def_id.index, polarity);
             }
             hir::ItemKind::Trait(..) => {
                 let trait_def = self.tcx.trait_def(def_id);
@@ -1601,9 +1595,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
         }
         if let hir::ItemKind::Fn(..) = item.kind {
             record!(self.tables.fn_sig[def_id] <- tcx.fn_sig(def_id));
-            if tcx.is_intrinsic(def_id) {
-                self.tables.is_intrinsic.set_nullable(def_id.index, true);
-            }
+            self.tables.is_intrinsic.set(def_id.index, tcx.is_intrinsic(def_id));
         }
         if let hir::ItemKind::Impl { .. } = item.kind {
             if let Some(trait_ref) = self.tcx.impl_trait_ref(def_id) {
@@ -1650,7 +1642,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
 
             ty::Closure(_, substs) => {
                 let constness = self.tcx.constness(def_id.to_def_id());
-                self.tables.constness.set(def_id.to_def_id().index, constness);
+                self.tables.constness.set_some(def_id.to_def_id().index, constness);
                 record!(self.tables.fn_sig[def_id.to_def_id()] <- ty::EarlyBinder(substs.as_closure().sig()));
             }
 
@@ -1678,12 +1670,12 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
         self.hygiene_ctxt.encode(
             &mut (&mut *self, &mut syntax_contexts, &mut expn_data_table, &mut expn_hash_table),
             |(this, syntax_contexts, _, _), index, ctxt_data| {
-                syntax_contexts.set(index, this.lazy(ctxt_data));
+                syntax_contexts.set_some(index, this.lazy(ctxt_data));
             },
             |(this, _, expn_data_table, expn_hash_table), index, expn_data, hash| {
                 if let Some(index) = index.as_local() {
-                    expn_data_table.set(index.as_raw(), this.lazy(expn_data));
-                    expn_hash_table.set(index.as_raw(), this.lazy(hash));
+                    expn_data_table.set_some(index.as_raw(), this.lazy(expn_data));
+                    expn_hash_table.set_some(index.as_raw(), this.lazy(hash));
                 }
             },
         );
@@ -1708,10 +1700,10 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
             let spans = self.tcx.sess.parse_sess.proc_macro_quoted_spans();
             for (i, span) in spans.into_iter().enumerate() {
                 let span = self.lazy(span);
-                self.tables.proc_macro_quoted_spans.set(i, span);
+                self.tables.proc_macro_quoted_spans.set_some(i, span);
             }
 
-            self.tables.opt_def_kind.set(LOCAL_CRATE.as_def_id().index, DefKind::Mod);
+            self.tables.opt_def_kind.set_some(LOCAL_CRATE.as_def_id().index, DefKind::Mod);
             record!(self.tables.def_span[LOCAL_CRATE.as_def_id()] <- tcx.def_span(LOCAL_CRATE.as_def_id()));
             self.encode_attrs(LOCAL_CRATE.as_def_id().expect_local());
             let vis = tcx.local_visibility(CRATE_DEF_ID).map_id(|def_id| def_id.local_def_index);
@@ -1753,8 +1745,8 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
                 def_key.disambiguated_data.data = DefPathData::MacroNs(name);
 
                 let def_id = id.to_def_id();
-                self.tables.opt_def_kind.set(def_id.index, DefKind::Macro(macro_kind));
-                self.tables.proc_macro.set(def_id.index, macro_kind);
+                self.tables.opt_def_kind.set_some(def_id.index, DefKind::Macro(macro_kind));
+                self.tables.proc_macro.set_some(def_id.index, macro_kind);
                 self.encode_attrs(id);
                 record!(self.tables.def_keys[def_id] <- def_key);
                 record!(self.tables.def_ident_span[def_id] <- span);
@@ -1979,22 +1971,20 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> EncodeContext<'a, 'tcx> {
 
         match nitem.kind {
             hir::ForeignItemKind::Fn(_, ref names, _) => {
-                self.tables.asyncness.set(def_id.index, hir::IsAsync::NotAsync);
+                self.tables.asyncness.set_some(def_id.index, hir::IsAsync::NotAsync);
                 record_array!(self.tables.fn_arg_names[def_id] <- *names);
                 let constness = if self.tcx.is_const_fn_raw(def_id) {
                     hir::Constness::Const
                 } else {
                     hir::Constness::NotConst
                 };
-                self.tables.constness.set(def_id.index, constness);
+                self.tables.constness.set_some(def_id.index, constness);
                 record!(self.tables.fn_sig[def_id] <- tcx.fn_sig(def_id));
             }
             hir::ForeignItemKind::Static(..) | hir::ForeignItemKind::Type => {}
         }
         if let hir::ForeignItemKind::Fn(..) = nitem.kind {
-            if tcx.is_intrinsic(def_id) {
-                self.tables.is_intrinsic.set_nullable(def_id.index, true);
-            }
+            self.tables.is_intrinsic.set(def_id.index, tcx.is_intrinsic(def_id));
         }
     }
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/mod.rs
index 37af9e64e9a..da82ae253e6 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/mod.rs
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ pub(crate) struct IncoherentImpls {
 /// Define `LazyTables` and `TableBuilders` at the same time.
 macro_rules! define_tables {
     (
-        - nullable: $($name1:ident: Table<$IDX1:ty, $T1:ty>,)+
+        - defaulted: $($name1:ident: Table<$IDX1:ty, $T1:ty>,)+
         - optional: $($name2:ident: Table<$IDX2:ty, $T2:ty>,)+
     ) => {
         #[derive(MetadataEncodable, MetadataDecodable)]
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ macro_rules! define_tables {
 }
 
 define_tables! {
-- nullable:
+- defaulted:
     is_intrinsic: Table<DefIndex, bool>,
     is_macro_rules: Table<DefIndex, bool>,
     is_type_alias_impl_trait: Table<DefIndex, bool>,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/table.rs b/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/table.rs
index 70dbf6476e2..78cf9149f7d 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/table.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_metadata/src/rmeta/table.rs
@@ -10,11 +10,39 @@ use rustc_span::hygiene::MacroKind;
 use std::marker::PhantomData;
 use std::num::NonZeroUsize;
 
+pub(super) trait IsDefault: Default {
+    fn is_default(&self) -> bool;
+}
+
+impl<T> IsDefault for Option<T> {
+    fn is_default(&self) -> bool {
+        self.is_none()
+    }
+}
+
+impl IsDefault for AttrFlags {
+    fn is_default(&self) -> bool {
+        self.is_empty()
+    }
+}
+
+impl IsDefault for bool {
+    fn is_default(&self) -> bool {
+        !self
+    }
+}
+
+impl IsDefault for u32 {
+    fn is_default(&self) -> bool {
+        *self == 0
+    }
+}
+
 /// Helper trait, for encoding to, and decoding from, a fixed number of bytes.
 /// Used mainly for Lazy positions and lengths.
 /// Unchecked invariant: `Self::default()` should encode as `[0; BYTE_LEN]`,
 /// but this has no impact on safety.
-pub(super) trait FixedSizeEncoding: Default {
+pub(super) trait FixedSizeEncoding: IsDefault {
     /// This should be `[u8; BYTE_LEN]`;
     /// Cannot use an associated `const BYTE_LEN: usize` instead due to const eval limitations.
     type ByteArray;
@@ -23,6 +51,8 @@ pub(super) trait FixedSizeEncoding: Default {
     fn write_to_bytes(self, b: &mut Self::ByteArray);
 }
 
+/// This implementation is not used generically, but for reading/writing
+/// concrete `u32` fields in `Lazy*` structures, which may be zero.
 impl FixedSizeEncoding for u32 {
     type ByteArray = [u8; 4];
 
@@ -58,7 +88,7 @@ macro_rules! fixed_size_enum {
             fn write_to_bytes(self, b: &mut [u8;1]) {
                 use $ty::*;
                 b[0] = match self {
-                    None => 0,
+                    None => unreachable!(),
                     $(Some($($pat)*) => 1 + ${index()},)*
                 }
             }
@@ -160,15 +190,16 @@ impl FixedSizeEncoding for Option<DefPathHash> {
 
     #[inline]
     fn from_bytes(b: &[u8; 16]) -> Self {
+        // NOTE: There's a collision between `None` and `Some(0)`.
         Some(DefPathHash(Fingerprint::from_le_bytes(*b)))
     }
 
     #[inline]
     fn write_to_bytes(self, b: &mut [u8; 16]) {
-        let Some(DefPathHash(fingerprint)) = self else {
-            panic!("Trying to encode absent DefPathHash.")
-        };
-        *b = fingerprint.to_le_bytes();
+        match self {
+            None => unreachable!(),
+            Some(DefPathHash(fingerprint)) => *b = fingerprint.to_le_bytes(),
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -179,17 +210,17 @@ impl FixedSizeEncoding for Option<RawDefId> {
     #[inline]
     fn from_bytes(b: &[u8; 8]) -> Self {
         let krate = u32::from_le_bytes(b[0..4].try_into().unwrap());
-        let index = u32::from_le_bytes(b[4..8].try_into().unwrap());
         if krate == 0 {
             return None;
         }
+        let index = u32::from_le_bytes(b[4..8].try_into().unwrap());
         Some(RawDefId { krate: krate - 1, index })
     }
 
     #[inline]
     fn write_to_bytes(self, b: &mut [u8; 8]) {
         match self {
-            None => *b = [0; 8],
+            None => unreachable!(),
             Some(RawDefId { krate, index }) => {
                 // CrateNum is less than `CrateNum::MAX_AS_U32`.
                 debug_assert!(krate < u32::MAX);
@@ -210,6 +241,7 @@ impl FixedSizeEncoding for AttrFlags {
 
     #[inline]
     fn write_to_bytes(self, b: &mut [u8; 1]) {
+        debug_assert!(!self.is_default());
         b[0] = self.bits();
     }
 }
@@ -224,6 +256,7 @@ impl FixedSizeEncoding for bool {
 
     #[inline]
     fn write_to_bytes(self, b: &mut [u8; 1]) {
+        debug_assert!(!self.is_default());
         b[0] = self as u8
     }
 }
@@ -242,9 +275,14 @@ impl<T> FixedSizeEncoding for Option<LazyValue<T>> {
 
     #[inline]
     fn write_to_bytes(self, b: &mut [u8; 4]) {
-        let position = self.map_or(0, |lazy| lazy.position.get());
-        let position: u32 = position.try_into().unwrap();
-        position.write_to_bytes(b)
+        match self {
+            None => unreachable!(),
+            Some(lazy) => {
+                let position = lazy.position.get();
+                let position: u32 = position.try_into().unwrap();
+                position.write_to_bytes(b)
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -253,7 +291,7 @@ impl<T> FixedSizeEncoding for Option<LazyArray<T>> {
 
     #[inline]
     fn from_bytes(b: &[u8; 8]) -> Self {
-        let ([ref position_bytes, ref meta_bytes],[])= b.as_chunks::<4>() else { panic!() };
+        let ([position_bytes, meta_bytes],[])= b.as_chunks::<4>() else { panic!() };
         let position = NonZeroUsize::new(u32::from_bytes(position_bytes) as usize)?;
         let len = u32::from_bytes(meta_bytes) as usize;
         Some(LazyArray::from_position_and_num_elems(position, len))
@@ -261,15 +299,20 @@ impl<T> FixedSizeEncoding for Option<LazyArray<T>> {
 
     #[inline]
     fn write_to_bytes(self, b: &mut [u8; 8]) {
-        let ([ref mut position_bytes, ref mut meta_bytes],[])= b.as_chunks_mut::<4>() else { panic!() };
+        match self {
+            None => unreachable!(),
+            Some(lazy) => {
+                let ([position_bytes, meta_bytes],[])= b.as_chunks_mut::<4>() else { panic!() };
 
-        let position = self.map_or(0, |lazy| lazy.position.get());
-        let position: u32 = position.try_into().unwrap();
-        position.write_to_bytes(position_bytes);
+                let position = lazy.position.get();
+                let position: u32 = position.try_into().unwrap();
+                position.write_to_bytes(position_bytes);
 
-        let len = self.map_or(0, |lazy| lazy.num_elems);
-        let len: u32 = len.try_into().unwrap();
-        len.write_to_bytes(meta_bytes);
+                let len = lazy.num_elems;
+                let len: u32 = len.try_into().unwrap();
+                len.write_to_bytes(meta_bytes);
+            }
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -289,20 +332,27 @@ impl<I: Idx, const N: usize, T> TableBuilder<I, Option<T>>
 where
     Option<T>: FixedSizeEncoding<ByteArray = [u8; N]>,
 {
-    pub(crate) fn set(&mut self, i: I, value: T) {
-        self.set_nullable(i, Some(value))
+    pub(crate) fn set_some(&mut self, i: I, value: T) {
+        self.set(i, Some(value))
     }
 }
 
 impl<I: Idx, const N: usize, T: FixedSizeEncoding<ByteArray = [u8; N]>> TableBuilder<I, T> {
-    pub(crate) fn set_nullable(&mut self, i: I, value: T) {
-        // FIXME(eddyb) investigate more compact encodings for sparse tables.
-        // On the PR @michaelwoerister mentioned:
-        // > Space requirements could perhaps be optimized by using the HAMT `popcnt`
-        // > trick (i.e. divide things into buckets of 32 or 64 items and then
-        // > store bit-masks of which item in each bucket is actually serialized).
-        self.blocks.ensure_contains_elem(i, || [0; N]);
-        value.write_to_bytes(&mut self.blocks[i]);
+    /// Sets the table value if it is not default.
+    /// ATTENTION: For optimization default values are simply ignored by this function, because
+    /// right now metadata tables never need to reset non-default values to default. If such need
+    /// arises in the future then a new method (e.g. `clear` or `reset`) will need to be introduced
+    /// for doing that explicitly.
+    pub(crate) fn set(&mut self, i: I, value: T) {
+        if !value.is_default() {
+            // FIXME(eddyb) investigate more compact encodings for sparse tables.
+            // On the PR @michaelwoerister mentioned:
+            // > Space requirements could perhaps be optimized by using the HAMT `popcnt`
+            // > trick (i.e. divide things into buckets of 32 or 64 items and then
+            // > store bit-masks of which item in each bucket is actually serialized).
+            self.blocks.ensure_contains_elem(i, || [0; N]);
+            value.write_to_bytes(&mut self.blocks[i]);
+        }
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn encode(&self, buf: &mut FileEncoder) -> LazyTable<I, T> {
@@ -331,10 +381,7 @@ where
         let start = self.position.get();
         let bytes = &metadata.blob()[start..start + self.encoded_size];
         let (bytes, []) = bytes.as_chunks::<N>() else { panic!() };
-        match bytes.get(i.index()) {
-            Some(bytes) => FixedSizeEncoding::from_bytes(bytes),
-            None => FixedSizeEncoding::from_bytes(&[0; N]),
-        }
+        bytes.get(i.index()).map_or_else(Default::default, FixedSizeEncoding::from_bytes)
     }
 
     /// Size of the table in entries, including possible gaps.