Add `{ast,hir,thir}::PatKind::Missing` variants.

"Missing" patterns are possible in bare fn types (`fn f(u32)`) and
similar places. Currently these are represented in the AST with
`ast::PatKind::Ident` with no `by_ref`, no `mut`, an empty ident, and no
sub-pattern. This flows through to `{hir,thir}::PatKind::Binding` for
HIR and THIR.

This is a bit nasty. It's very non-obvious, and easy to forget to check
for the exceptional empty identifier case.

This commit adds a new variant, `PatKind::Missing`, to do it properly.

The process I followed:
- Add a `Missing` variant to `{ast,hir,thir}::PatKind`.
- Chang `parse_param_general` to produce `ast::PatKind::Missing`
  instead of `ast::PatKind::Missing`.
- Look through `kw::Empty` occurrences to find functions where an
  existing empty ident check needs replacing with a `PatKind::Missing`
  check: `print_param`, `check_trait_item`, `is_named_param`.
- Add a `PatKind::Missing => unreachable!(),` arm to every exhaustive
  match identified by the compiler.
- Find which arms are actually reachable by running the test suite,
  changing them to something appropriate, usually by looking at what
  would happen to a `PatKind::Ident`/`PatKind::Binding` with no ref, no
  `mut`, an empty ident, and no subpattern.

Quite a few of the `unreachable!()` arms were never reached. This makes
sense because `PatKind::Missing` can't happen in every pattern, only
in places like bare fn tys and trait fn decls.

I also tried an alternative approach: modifying `ast::Param::pat` to
hold an `Option<P<Pat>>` instead of a `P<Pat>`, but that quickly turned
into a very large and painful change. Adding `PatKind::Missing` is much
easier.

1 files changed, 1 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/compiler/rustc_ast/src/mut_visit.rs b/compiler/rustc_ast/src/mut_visit.rs
index 274fe312f7f..8c6ddf2a69c 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_ast/src/mut_visit.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_ast/src/mut_visit.rs
@@ -1572,7 +1572,7 @@ pub fn walk_pat<T: MutVisitor>(vis: &mut T, pat: &mut P<Pat>) {
     vis.visit_id(id);
     match kind {
         PatKind::Err(_guar) => {}
-        PatKind::Wild | PatKind::Rest | PatKind::Never => {}
+        PatKind::Missing | PatKind::Wild | PatKind::Rest | PatKind::Never => {}
         PatKind::Ident(_binding_mode, ident, sub) => {
             vis.visit_ident(ident);
             visit_opt(sub, |sub| vis.visit_pat(sub));