Keep track of patterns that could have introduced a binding, but didn't

When we recover from a pattern parse error, or a pattern uses `..`, we keep track of that and affect resolution error for missing bindings that could have been provided by that pattern. We differentiate between `..` and parse recovery. We silence resolution errors likely caused by the pattern parse error.

```
error[E0425]: cannot find value `title` in this scope
  --> $DIR/struct-pattern-with-missing-fields-resolve-error.rs:19:30
   |
LL |         println!("[{}]({})", title, url);
   |                              ^^^^^ not found in this scope
   |
note: `Website` has a field `title` which could have been included in this pattern, but it wasn't
  --> $DIR/struct-pattern-with-missing-fields-resolve-error.rs:17:12
   |
LL | / struct Website {
LL | |     url: String,
LL | |     title: Option<String> ,
   | |     ----- defined here
LL | | }
   | |_-
...
LL |       if let Website { url, .. } = website {
   |              ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ this pattern doesn't include `title`, which is available in `Website`
```

Fix #74863.

1 files changed, 8 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/pat.rs b/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/pat.rs
index c4bae084a3f..60660548590 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/pat.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/pat.rs
@@ -92,7 +92,14 @@ impl<'a, 'hir> LoweringContext<'a, 'hir> {
                                 span: self.lower_span(f.span),
                             }
                         }));
-                        break hir::PatKind::Struct(qpath, fs, *etc == ast::PatFieldsRest::Rest);
+                        break hir::PatKind::Struct(
+                            qpath,
+                            fs,
+                            matches!(
+                                etc,
+                                ast::PatFieldsRest::Rest | ast::PatFieldsRest::Recovered(_)
+                            ),
+                        );
                     }
                     PatKind::Tuple(pats) => {
                         let (pats, ddpos) = self.lower_pat_tuple(pats, "tuple");