Rollup merge of #76003 - richkadel:llvm-coverage-map-gen-6b.4, r=wesleywiser

Adds two source span utility functions used in source-based coverage

`span.is_empty()` - returns true if `lo()` and `hi()` are equal. This is
not only a convenience, but makes it clear that a `Span` can be empty
(that is, retrieving the source for an empty `Span` will return an empty
string), and codifies the (otherwise undocumented--in the rustc_span
package, at least) fact that `Span` is a half-open interval (where
`hi()` is the open end).

`source_map.lookup_file_span()` - returns an enclosing `Span`
representing the start and end positions of the file enclosing the given
`BytePos`. This gives developers a clear way to quickly determine if any
any other `BytePos` or `Span` is also from the same file (for example,
by simply calling `file_span.contains(span)`).

This results in much simpler code and is much more runtime efficient
compared with the obvious alternative: calling `source_map.lookup_line()`
for any two `Span`'s byte positions, handle both arms of the `Result`
(both contain the file), and then compare files. It is also more
efficient than the non-public method `lookup_source_file_idx()` for each
`BytePos`, because, while comparing the internal source file indexes
would be efficient, looking up the source file index for every `BytePos`
or `Span` to be compared requires a binary search (worst case
performance being O(log n) for every lookup).

`source_map.lookup_file_span()` performs the binary search only once, to
get the `file_span` result that can be used to compare to any number of
other `BytePos` or `Span` values and those comparisons are always O(1).

This PR was split out from PR #75828 .

r? @tmandry
FYI: @wesleywiser

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