Rollup merge of #136107 - dingxiangfei2009:coerce-pointee-wellformed, r=compiler-errors

Introduce CoercePointeeWellformed for coherence checks at typeck stage

Fix #135206

This is the first PR to introduce the "wellformedness" check for `derive(CoercePointee)`.

This patch introduces a new error code to cover all the prerequisites of the said macro. The checks that is enforced with this patch is whether the data is indeed `struct` and whether the layout is set to `repr(transparent)`.

A following series of patch will arrive later to address the following concern.
1. #135217 so that we would only admit one single coercion on one type parameter, and leave the rest for future consideration in tandem of development of other coercion rules.
1. Enforcement of data field requirements.

**An open question** is whether there is a good schema to encode the `#[pointee]` as well, so that we could also check if the `#[pointee]` type parameter is indeed `?Sized`.

``@rustbot`` label F-derive_coerce_pointee

2 files changed, 69 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/coherence/builtin.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/coherence/builtin.rs
index 66082f4c282..9da57c330c5 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/coherence/builtin.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/coherence/builtin.rs
@@ -48,6 +48,10 @@ pub(super) fn check_trait<'tcx>(
     checker
         .check(lang_items.dispatch_from_dyn_trait(), visit_implementation_of_dispatch_from_dyn)?;
     checker.check(lang_items.pointer_like(), visit_implementation_of_pointer_like)?;
+    checker.check(
+        lang_items.coerce_pointee_validated_trait(),
+        visit_implementation_of_coerce_pointee_validity,
+    )?;
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -783,3 +787,32 @@ fn visit_implementation_of_pointer_like(checker: &Checker<'_>) -> Result<(), Err
         .with_note(why_disqualified)
         .emit())
 }
+
+fn visit_implementation_of_coerce_pointee_validity(
+    checker: &Checker<'_>,
+) -> Result<(), ErrorGuaranteed> {
+    let tcx = checker.tcx;
+    let self_ty = tcx.impl_trait_ref(checker.impl_def_id).unwrap().instantiate_identity().self_ty();
+    let span = tcx.def_span(checker.impl_def_id);
+    if !tcx.is_builtin_derived(checker.impl_def_id.into()) {
+        return Err(tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::CoercePointeeNoUserValidityAssertion { span }));
+    }
+    let ty::Adt(def, _args) = self_ty.kind() else {
+        return Err(tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::CoercePointeeNotConcreteType { span }));
+    };
+    let did = def.did();
+    // Now get a more precise span of the `struct`.
+    let span = tcx.def_span(did);
+    if !def.is_struct() {
+        return Err(tcx
+            .dcx()
+            .emit_err(errors::CoercePointeeNotStruct { span, kind: def.descr().into() }));
+    }
+    if !def.repr().transparent() {
+        return Err(tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::CoercePointeeNotTransparent { span }));
+    }
+    if def.all_fields().next().is_none() {
+        return Err(tcx.dcx().emit_err(errors::CoercePointeeNoField { span }));
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/errors.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/errors.rs
index 9769be30226..12750543f4b 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/errors.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_analysis/src/errors.rs
@@ -1181,6 +1181,42 @@ pub(crate) struct DispatchFromDynRepr {
 }
 
 #[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(hir_analysis_coerce_pointee_not_struct, code = E0802)]
+pub(crate) struct CoercePointeeNotStruct {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+    pub kind: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(hir_analysis_coerce_pointee_not_concrete_ty, code = E0802)]
+pub(crate) struct CoercePointeeNotConcreteType {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(hir_analysis_coerce_pointee_no_user_validity_assertion, code = E0802)]
+pub(crate) struct CoercePointeeNoUserValidityAssertion {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(hir_analysis_coerce_pointee_not_transparent, code = E0802)]
+pub(crate) struct CoercePointeeNotTransparent {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(hir_analysis_coerce_pointee_no_field, code = E0802)]
+pub(crate) struct CoercePointeeNoField {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
 #[diag(hir_analysis_inherent_ty_outside_relevant, code = E0390)]
 #[help]
 pub(crate) struct InherentTyOutsideRelevant {