Auto merge of #83870 - jackh726:binder-refactor-fix, r=nikomatsakis

Don't concatenate binders across types

Partially addresses #83737

There's actually two issues that I uncovered in #83737. The first is that we are concatenating bound vars across types, i.e. in
```
F: Fn(&()) -> &mut (dyn Future<Output = ()> + Unpin)
```
the bound vars on `Future` get set as `for<anon>` since those are the binders on `Fn(&()`. This is obviously wrong, since we should only concatenate directly nested trait refs. This is solved here by introducing a new `TraitRefBoundary` scope, that we put around the "syntactical" trait refs and basically don't allow concatenation across.

Now, this alone *shouldn't* be a super terrible problem. At least not until you consider the other issue, which is a much more elusive and harder to design a "perfect" fix. A repro can be seen in:
```
use core::future::Future;

async fn handle<F>(slf: &F)
where
    F: Fn(&()) -> &mut (dyn for<'a> Future<Output = ()> + Unpin),
{
    (slf)(&()).await;
}
```
Notice the `for<'a>` around `Future`. Here, `'a` is unused, so the `for<'a>` Binder gets changed to a `for<>` Binder in the generator witness, but the "local decl" still has it. This has heavy intersections with region anonymization and erasing. Luckily, it's not *super* common to find this unique set of circumstances. It only became apparently because of the first issue mentioned here. However, this *is* still a problem, so I'm leaving #83737 open.

r? `@nikomatsakis`

1 files changed, 87 insertions, 22 deletions

diff --git a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/pretty.rs b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/pretty.rs
index f697cd51930..1989c91a879 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/pretty.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_middle/src/ty/print/pretty.rs
@@ -1804,29 +1804,94 @@ impl<F: fmt::Write> FmtPrinter<'_, 'tcx, F> {
         define_scoped_cx!(self);
 
         let mut region_index = self.region_index;
-        let new_value = self.tcx.replace_late_bound_regions(value.clone(), |br| {
-            let _ = start_or_continue(&mut self, "for<", ", ");
-            let kind = match br.kind {
-                ty::BrNamed(_, name) => {
-                    let _ = write!(self, "{}", name);
-                    br.kind
-                }
-                ty::BrAnon(_) | ty::BrEnv => {
-                    let name = loop {
-                        let name = name_by_region_index(region_index);
-                        region_index += 1;
-                        if !self.used_region_names.contains(&name) {
-                            break name;
-                        }
-                    };
-                    let _ = write!(self, "{}", name);
-                    ty::BrNamed(DefId::local(CRATE_DEF_INDEX), name)
+        // If we want to print verbosly, then print *all* binders, even if they
+        // aren't named. Eventually, we might just want this as the default, but
+        // this is not *quite* right and changes the ordering of some output
+        // anyways.
+        let new_value = if self.tcx().sess.verbose() {
+            // anon index + 1 (BrEnv takes 0) -> name
+            let mut region_map: BTreeMap<u32, Symbol> = BTreeMap::default();
+            let bound_vars = value.bound_vars();
+            for var in bound_vars {
+                match var {
+                    ty::BoundVariableKind::Region(ty::BrNamed(_, name)) => {
+                        let _ = start_or_continue(&mut self, "for<", ", ");
+                        let _ = write!(self, "{}", name);
+                    }
+                    ty::BoundVariableKind::Region(ty::BrAnon(i)) => {
+                        let _ = start_or_continue(&mut self, "for<", ", ");
+                        let name = loop {
+                            let name = name_by_region_index(region_index);
+                            region_index += 1;
+                            if !self.used_region_names.contains(&name) {
+                                break name;
+                            }
+                        };
+                        let _ = write!(self, "{}", name);
+                        region_map.insert(i + 1, name);
+                    }
+                    ty::BoundVariableKind::Region(ty::BrEnv) => {
+                        let _ = start_or_continue(&mut self, "for<", ", ");
+                        let name = loop {
+                            let name = name_by_region_index(region_index);
+                            region_index += 1;
+                            if !self.used_region_names.contains(&name) {
+                                break name;
+                            }
+                        };
+                        let _ = write!(self, "{}", name);
+                        region_map.insert(0, name);
+                    }
+                    _ => continue,
                 }
-            };
-            self.tcx
-                .mk_region(ty::ReLateBound(ty::INNERMOST, ty::BoundRegion { var: br.var, kind }))
-        });
-        start_or_continue(&mut self, "", "> ")?;
+            }
+            start_or_continue(&mut self, "", "> ")?;
+
+            self.tcx.replace_late_bound_regions(value.clone(), |br| {
+                let kind = match br.kind {
+                    ty::BrNamed(_, _) => br.kind,
+                    ty::BrAnon(i) => {
+                        let name = region_map[&(i + 1)];
+                        ty::BrNamed(DefId::local(CRATE_DEF_INDEX), name)
+                    }
+                    ty::BrEnv => {
+                        let name = region_map[&0];
+                        ty::BrNamed(DefId::local(CRATE_DEF_INDEX), name)
+                    }
+                };
+                self.tcx.mk_region(ty::ReLateBound(
+                    ty::INNERMOST,
+                    ty::BoundRegion { var: br.var, kind },
+                ))
+            })
+        } else {
+            let new_value = self.tcx.replace_late_bound_regions(value.clone(), |br| {
+                let _ = start_or_continue(&mut self, "for<", ", ");
+                let kind = match br.kind {
+                    ty::BrNamed(_, name) => {
+                        let _ = write!(self, "{}", name);
+                        br.kind
+                    }
+                    ty::BrAnon(_) | ty::BrEnv => {
+                        let name = loop {
+                            let name = name_by_region_index(region_index);
+                            region_index += 1;
+                            if !self.used_region_names.contains(&name) {
+                                break name;
+                            }
+                        };
+                        let _ = write!(self, "{}", name);
+                        ty::BrNamed(DefId::local(CRATE_DEF_INDEX), name)
+                    }
+                };
+                self.tcx.mk_region(ty::ReLateBound(
+                    ty::INNERMOST,
+                    ty::BoundRegion { var: br.var, kind },
+                ))
+            });
+            start_or_continue(&mut self, "", "> ")?;
+            new_value
+        };
 
         self.binder_depth += 1;
         self.region_index = region_index;