Rollup merge of #145537 - zachs18:metasized-negative-bound-fix, r=davidtwco

Do not consider a `T: !Sized` candidate to satisfy a `T: !MetaSized` obligation.

This example should fail to compile (and does under this PR, with the old and new solvers), but currently compiles successfully ([playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?version=nightly&mode=debug&edition=2024&gist=6e0e5d0ae0cdf0571dea97938fb4a86d)), because (IIUC) the old solver's `lazily_elaborate_sizedness_candidate`/callers and the new solver's `TraitPredicate::fast_reject_assumption`/`match_assumption` consider a `T: _ Sized` candidate to satisfy a `T: _ MetaSized` obligation, for either polarity `_`, when that should only hold for positive polarity.

```rs
#![feature(negative_bounds)]
#![feature(sized_hierarchy)]

use std::marker::MetaSized;

fn foo<T: !MetaSized>() {}

fn bar<T: !Sized + MetaSized>() {
    foo::<T>();
    //~^ ERROR the trait bound `T: !MetaSized` is not satisfied // error under this PR
}
```

Only observable with the internal-only `feature(negative_bounds)`, so might just be "wontfix".

This example is added as a test in this PR (as well as testing that `foo<()>` and `foo<str>` are disallowed for `fn foo<T: !MetaSized`).

cc `@davidtwco` for `feature(sized_hierarchy)`

Maybe similar to 91c53c9 from <https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/143307>

1 files changed, 13 insertions, 4 deletions

diff --git a/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/trait_goals.rs b/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/trait_goals.rs
index 04ede365a21..891ecab041a 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/trait_goals.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_next_trait_solver/src/solve/trait_goals.rs
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ use rustc_type_ir::inherent::*;
 use rustc_type_ir::lang_items::TraitSolverLangItem;
 use rustc_type_ir::solve::{CanonicalResponse, SizedTraitKind};
 use rustc_type_ir::{
-    self as ty, Interner, Movability, TraitPredicate, TraitRef, TypeVisitableExt as _, TypingMode,
-    Upcast as _, elaborate,
+    self as ty, Interner, Movability, PredicatePolarity, TraitPredicate, TraitRef,
+    TypeVisitableExt as _, TypingMode, Upcast as _, elaborate,
 };
 use tracing::{debug, instrument, trace};
 
@@ -133,19 +133,26 @@ where
             cx: I,
             clause_def_id: I::DefId,
             goal_def_id: I::DefId,
+            polarity: PredicatePolarity,
         ) -> bool {
             clause_def_id == goal_def_id
             // PERF(sized-hierarchy): Sizedness supertraits aren't elaborated to improve perf, so
             // check for a `MetaSized` supertrait being matched against a `Sized` assumption.
             //
             // `PointeeSized` bounds are syntactic sugar for a lack of bounds so don't need this.
-                || (cx.is_lang_item(clause_def_id, TraitSolverLangItem::Sized)
+                || (polarity == PredicatePolarity::Positive
+                    && cx.is_lang_item(clause_def_id, TraitSolverLangItem::Sized)
                     && cx.is_lang_item(goal_def_id, TraitSolverLangItem::MetaSized))
         }
 
         if let Some(trait_clause) = assumption.as_trait_clause()
             && trait_clause.polarity() == goal.predicate.polarity
-            && trait_def_id_matches(ecx.cx(), trait_clause.def_id(), goal.predicate.def_id())
+            && trait_def_id_matches(
+                ecx.cx(),
+                trait_clause.def_id(),
+                goal.predicate.def_id(),
+                goal.predicate.polarity,
+            )
             && DeepRejectCtxt::relate_rigid_rigid(ecx.cx()).args_may_unify(
                 goal.predicate.trait_ref.args,
                 trait_clause.skip_binder().trait_ref.args,
@@ -168,6 +175,8 @@ where
         // PERF(sized-hierarchy): Sizedness supertraits aren't elaborated to improve perf, so
         // check for a `Sized` subtrait when looking for `MetaSized`. `PointeeSized` bounds
         // are syntactic sugar for a lack of bounds so don't need this.
+        // We don't need to check polarity, `fast_reject_assumption` already rejected non-`Positive`
+        // polarity `Sized` assumptions as matching non-`Positive` `MetaSized` goals.
         if ecx.cx().is_lang_item(goal.predicate.def_id(), TraitSolverLangItem::MetaSized)
             && ecx.cx().is_lang_item(trait_clause.def_id(), TraitSolverLangItem::Sized)
         {