Auto merge of #116447 - oli-obk:gen_fn, r=compiler-errors

Implement `gen` blocks in the 2024 edition

Coroutines tracking issue https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/43122
`gen` block tracking issue https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/117078

This PR implements `gen` blocks that implement `Iterator`. Most of the logic with `async` blocks is shared, and thus I renamed various types that were referring to `async` specifically.

An example usage of `gen` blocks is

```rust
fn foo() -> impl Iterator<Item = i32> {
    gen {
        yield 42;
        for i in 5..18 {
            if i.is_even() { continue }
            yield i * 2;
        }
    }
}
```

The limitations (to be resolved) of the implementation are listed in the tracking issue

4 files changed, 51 insertions, 13 deletions

diff --git a/compiler/rustc_parse/src/errors.rs b/compiler/rustc_parse/src/errors.rs
index aeb4fd0a304..c0e94d15da0 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_parse/src/errors.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_parse/src/errors.rs
@@ -521,6 +521,14 @@ pub(crate) struct CatchAfterTry {
 }
 
 #[derive(Diagnostic)]
+#[diag(parse_gen_block)]
+#[help]
+pub(crate) struct GenBlock {
+    #[primary_span]
+    pub span: Span,
+}
+
+#[derive(Diagnostic)]
 #[diag(parse_comma_after_base_struct)]
 #[note]
 pub(crate) struct CommaAfterBaseStruct {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/expr.rs b/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/expr.rs
index 5157106f4e2..0b5ec9b59ea 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/expr.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/expr.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use super::{
 use crate::errors;
 use crate::maybe_recover_from_interpolated_ty_qpath;
 use ast::mut_visit::{noop_visit_expr, MutVisitor};
-use ast::{Path, PathSegment};
+use ast::{GenBlockKind, Path, PathSegment};
 use core::mem;
 use rustc_ast::ptr::P;
 use rustc_ast::token::{self, Delimiter, Token, TokenKind};
@@ -1441,14 +1441,20 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
             } else if this.token.uninterpolated_span().at_least_rust_2018() {
                 // `Span:.at_least_rust_2018()` is somewhat expensive; don't get it repeatedly.
                 if this.check_keyword(kw::Async) {
-                    if this.is_async_block() {
+                    if this.is_gen_block(kw::Async) {
                         // Check for `async {` and `async move {`.
-                        this.parse_async_block()
+                        this.parse_gen_block()
                     } else {
                         this.parse_expr_closure()
                     }
                 } else if this.eat_keyword(kw::Await) {
                     this.recover_incorrect_await_syntax(lo, this.prev_token.span)
+                } else if this.token.uninterpolated_span().at_least_rust_2024() {
+                    if this.is_gen_block(kw::Gen) {
+                        this.parse_gen_block()
+                    } else {
+                        this.parse_expr_lit()
+                    }
                 } else {
                     this.parse_expr_lit()
                 }
@@ -1848,7 +1854,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
         let lo = self.prev_token.span;
         let kind = ExprKind::Yield(self.parse_expr_opt()?);
         let span = lo.to(self.prev_token.span);
-        self.sess.gated_spans.gate(sym::coroutines, span);
+        self.sess.gated_spans.gate(sym::yield_expr, span);
         let expr = self.mk_expr(span, kind);
         self.maybe_recover_from_bad_qpath(expr)
     }
@@ -3059,18 +3065,24 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
             && self.token.uninterpolated_span().at_least_rust_2018()
     }
 
-    /// Parses an `async move? {...}` expression.
-    fn parse_async_block(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
+    /// Parses an `async move? {...}` or `gen move? {...}` expression.
+    fn parse_gen_block(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, P<Expr>> {
         let lo = self.token.span;
-        self.expect_keyword(kw::Async)?;
+        let kind = if self.eat_keyword(kw::Async) {
+            GenBlockKind::Async
+        } else {
+            assert!(self.eat_keyword(kw::Gen));
+            self.sess.gated_spans.gate(sym::gen_blocks, lo.to(self.token.span));
+            GenBlockKind::Gen
+        };
         let capture_clause = self.parse_capture_clause()?;
         let (attrs, body) = self.parse_inner_attrs_and_block()?;
-        let kind = ExprKind::Async(capture_clause, body);
+        let kind = ExprKind::Gen(capture_clause, body, kind);
         Ok(self.mk_expr_with_attrs(lo.to(self.prev_token.span), kind, attrs))
     }
 
-    fn is_async_block(&self) -> bool {
-        self.token.is_keyword(kw::Async)
+    fn is_gen_block(&self, kw: Symbol) -> bool {
+        self.token.is_keyword(kw)
             && ((
                 // `async move {`
                 self.is_keyword_ahead(1, &[kw::Move])
@@ -3596,7 +3608,7 @@ impl MutVisitor for CondChecker<'_> {
             | ExprKind::Match(_, _)
             | ExprKind::Closure(_)
             | ExprKind::Block(_, _)
-            | ExprKind::Async(_, _)
+            | ExprKind::Gen(_, _, _)
             | ExprKind::TryBlock(_)
             | ExprKind::Underscore
             | ExprKind::Path(_, _)
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/item.rs b/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/item.rs
index 982f601c0d5..4c76ade0139 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/item.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/item.rs
@@ -2297,9 +2297,9 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
         // `pub` is added in case users got confused with the ordering like `async pub fn`,
         // only if it wasn't preceded by `default` as `default pub` is invalid.
         let quals: &[Symbol] = if check_pub {
-            &[kw::Pub, kw::Const, kw::Async, kw::Unsafe, kw::Extern]
+            &[kw::Pub, kw::Gen, kw::Const, kw::Async, kw::Unsafe, kw::Extern]
         } else {
-            &[kw::Const, kw::Async, kw::Unsafe, kw::Extern]
+            &[kw::Gen, kw::Const, kw::Async, kw::Unsafe, kw::Extern]
         };
         self.check_keyword_case(kw::Fn, case) // Definitely an `fn`.
             // `$qual fn` or `$qual $qual`:
@@ -2353,6 +2353,9 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
         let async_start_sp = self.token.span;
         let asyncness = self.parse_asyncness(case);
 
+        let _gen_start_sp = self.token.span;
+        let genness = self.parse_genness(case);
+
         let unsafe_start_sp = self.token.span;
         let unsafety = self.parse_unsafety(case);
 
@@ -2368,6 +2371,10 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
             }
         }
 
+        if let Gen::Yes { span, .. } = genness {
+            self.sess.emit_err(errors::GenBlock { span });
+        }
+
         if !self.eat_keyword_case(kw::Fn, case) {
             // It is possible for `expect_one_of` to recover given the contents of
             // `self.expected_tokens`, therefore, do not use `self.unexpected()` which doesn't
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/mod.rs
index 41b19ecb63a..59b51954542 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/mod.rs
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ mod stmt;
 mod ty;
 
 use crate::lexer::UnmatchedDelim;
+use ast::Gen;
 pub use attr_wrapper::AttrWrapper;
 pub use diagnostics::AttemptLocalParseRecovery;
 pub(crate) use expr::ForbiddenLetReason;
@@ -1128,6 +1129,16 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Parses genness: `gen` or nothing.
+    fn parse_genness(&mut self, case: Case) -> Gen {
+        if self.token.span.at_least_rust_2024() && self.eat_keyword_case(kw::Gen, case) {
+            let span = self.prev_token.uninterpolated_span();
+            Gen::Yes { span, closure_id: DUMMY_NODE_ID, return_impl_trait_id: DUMMY_NODE_ID }
+        } else {
+            Gen::No
+        }
+    }
+
     /// Parses unsafety: `unsafe` or nothing.
     fn parse_unsafety(&mut self, case: Case) -> Unsafe {
         if self.eat_keyword_case(kw::Unsafe, case) {