Merge from rustc

28 files changed, 382 insertions, 328 deletions

diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/mod.rs
index 40f8af1f691..fdd547448f0 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/mod.rs
@@ -2334,13 +2334,13 @@ impl<'tcx> ObligationCause<'tcx> {
         subdiags: Vec<TypeErrorAdditionalDiags>,
     ) -> ObligationCauseFailureCode {
         match self.code() {
-            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Fn, .. } => {
+            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Fn { .. }, .. } => {
                 ObligationCauseFailureCode::MethodCompat { span, subdiags }
             }
-            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Type, .. } => {
+            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Type { .. }, .. } => {
                 ObligationCauseFailureCode::TypeCompat { span, subdiags }
             }
-            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Const, .. } => {
+            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Const { .. }, .. } => {
                 ObligationCauseFailureCode::ConstCompat { span, subdiags }
             }
             ObligationCauseCode::BlockTailExpression(.., hir::MatchSource::TryDesugar(_)) => {
@@ -2398,13 +2398,13 @@ impl<'tcx> ObligationCause<'tcx> {
 
     fn as_requirement_str(&self) -> &'static str {
         match self.code() {
-            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Fn, .. } => {
+            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Fn { .. }, .. } => {
                 "method type is compatible with trait"
             }
-            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Type, .. } => {
+            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Type { .. }, .. } => {
                 "associated type is compatible with trait"
             }
-            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Const, .. } => {
+            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Const { .. }, .. } => {
                 "const is compatible with trait"
             }
             ObligationCauseCode::MainFunctionType => "`main` function has the correct type",
@@ -2422,9 +2422,13 @@ pub struct ObligationCauseAsDiagArg<'tcx>(pub ObligationCause<'tcx>);
 impl IntoDiagArg for ObligationCauseAsDiagArg<'_> {
     fn into_diag_arg(self, _: &mut Option<std::path::PathBuf>) -> rustc_errors::DiagArgValue {
         let kind = match self.0.code() {
-            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Fn, .. } => "method_compat",
-            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Type, .. } => "type_compat",
-            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Const, .. } => {
+            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Fn { .. }, .. } => {
+                "method_compat"
+            }
+            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Type { .. }, .. } => {
+                "type_compat"
+            }
+            ObligationCauseCode::CompareImplItem { kind: ty::AssocKind::Const { .. }, .. } => {
                 "const_compat"
             }
             ObligationCauseCode::MainFunctionType => "fn_main_correct_type",
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/nice_region_error/static_impl_trait.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/nice_region_error/static_impl_trait.rs
index 3559c660ee2..eaa06d8e8b0 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/nice_region_error/static_impl_trait.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/nice_region_error/static_impl_trait.rs
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use rustc_hir::def_id::DefId;
 use rustc_hir::intravisit::{Visitor, VisitorExt, walk_ty};
 use rustc_hir::{
     self as hir, AmbigArg, GenericBound, GenericParam, GenericParamKind, Item, ItemKind, Lifetime,
-    LifetimeName, LifetimeParamKind, MissingLifetimeKind, Node, TyKind,
+    LifetimeKind, LifetimeParamKind, MissingLifetimeKind, Node, TyKind,
 };
 use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Ty, TyCtxt, TypeSuperVisitable, TypeVisitor};
 use rustc_span::def_id::LocalDefId;
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ pub fn suggest_new_region_bound(
 
                 if let Some(span) = opaque.bounds.iter().find_map(|arg| match arg {
                     GenericBound::Outlives(Lifetime {
-                        res: LifetimeName::Static, ident, ..
+                        kind: LifetimeKind::Static, ident, ..
                     }) => Some(ident.span),
                     _ => None,
                 }) {
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ pub fn suggest_new_region_bound(
                 }
             }
             TyKind::TraitObject(_, lt) => {
-                if let LifetimeName::ImplicitObjectLifetimeDefault = lt.res {
+                if let LifetimeKind::ImplicitObjectLifetimeDefault = lt.kind {
                     err.span_suggestion_verbose(
                         fn_return.span.shrink_to_hi(),
                         format!("{declare} the trait object {captures}, {explicit}",),
@@ -414,7 +414,7 @@ pub struct HirTraitObjectVisitor<'a>(pub &'a mut Vec<Span>, pub DefId);
 impl<'a, 'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for HirTraitObjectVisitor<'a> {
     fn visit_ty(&mut self, t: &'tcx hir::Ty<'tcx, AmbigArg>) {
         if let TyKind::TraitObject(poly_trait_refs, lifetime_ptr) = t.kind
-            && let Lifetime { res: LifetimeName::ImplicitObjectLifetimeDefault, .. } =
+            && let Lifetime { kind: LifetimeKind::ImplicitObjectLifetimeDefault, .. } =
                 lifetime_ptr.pointer()
         {
             for ptr in poly_trait_refs {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/nice_region_error/trait_impl_difference.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/nice_region_error/trait_impl_difference.rs
index 74205922851..b66bd2c6ab7 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/nice_region_error/trait_impl_difference.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/nice_region_error/trait_impl_difference.rs
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> NiceRegionError<'a, 'tcx> {
         let assoc_item = self.tcx().associated_item(trait_item_def_id);
         let mut visitor = TypeParamSpanVisitor { tcx: self.tcx(), types: vec![] };
         match assoc_item.kind {
-            ty::AssocKind::Fn => {
+            ty::AssocKind::Fn { .. } => {
                 if let Some(hir_id) =
                     assoc_item.def_id.as_local().map(|id| self.tcx().local_def_id_to_hir_id(id))
                 {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/nice_region_error/util.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/nice_region_error/util.rs
index 683b5b528c6..4a71ab4e06a 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/nice_region_error/util.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/nice_region_error/util.rs
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ pub fn find_param_with_region<'tcx>(
     anon_region: Region<'tcx>,
     replace_region: Region<'tcx>,
 ) -> Option<AnonymousParamInfo<'tcx>> {
-    let (id, kind) = match *anon_region {
+    let (id, kind) = match anon_region.kind() {
         ty::ReLateParam(late_param) => (late_param.scope, late_param.kind),
         ty::ReEarlyParam(ebr) => {
             let region_def = tcx.generics_of(generic_param_scope).region_param(ebr, tcx).def_id;
@@ -158,6 +158,6 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> NiceRegionError<'a, 'tcx> {
             && self
                 .tcx()
                 .opt_associated_item(scope_def_id.to_def_id())
-                .is_some_and(|i| i.fn_has_self_parameter)
+                .is_some_and(|i| i.is_method())
     }
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/note_and_explain.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/note_and_explain.rs
index 5583deda99a..be508c8cee1 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/note_and_explain.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/note_and_explain.rs
@@ -782,8 +782,8 @@ fn foo(&self) -> Self::T { String::new() }
         let methods: Vec<(Span, String)> = items
             .in_definition_order()
             .filter(|item| {
-                ty::AssocKind::Fn == item.kind
-                    && Some(item.name) != current_method_ident
+                item.is_fn()
+                    && Some(item.name()) != current_method_ident
                     && !tcx.is_doc_hidden(item.def_id)
             })
             .filter_map(|item| {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/region.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/region.rs
index c7f0a88f951..1cf1ac5403f 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/region.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/infer/region.rs
@@ -299,7 +299,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> TypeErrCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                     self.tcx.param_env(generic_param_scope),
                     terr,
                 );
-                match (*sub, *sup) {
+                match (sub.kind(), sup.kind()) {
                     (ty::RePlaceholder(_), ty::RePlaceholder(_)) => {}
                     (ty::RePlaceholder(_), _) => {
                         note_and_explain_region(
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> TypeErrCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                 })
             }
             infer::RelateParamBound(span, ty, opt_span) => {
-                let prefix = match *sub {
+                let prefix = match sub.kind() {
                     ty::ReStatic => note_and_explain::PrefixKind::TypeSatisfy,
                     _ => note_and_explain::PrefixKind::TypeOutlive,
                 };
@@ -850,14 +850,14 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> TypeErrCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         add_lt_suggs: &mut Vec<(Span, String)>,
     ) -> String {
         struct LifetimeReplaceVisitor<'a> {
-            needle: hir::LifetimeName,
+            needle: hir::LifetimeKind,
             new_lt: &'a str,
             add_lt_suggs: &'a mut Vec<(Span, String)>,
         }
 
         impl<'hir> hir::intravisit::Visitor<'hir> for LifetimeReplaceVisitor<'_> {
             fn visit_lifetime(&mut self, lt: &'hir hir::Lifetime) {
-                if lt.res == self.needle {
+                if lt.kind == self.needle {
                     self.add_lt_suggs.push(lt.suggestion(self.new_lt));
                 }
             }
@@ -894,7 +894,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> TypeErrCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         };
 
         let mut visitor = LifetimeReplaceVisitor {
-            needle: hir::LifetimeName::Param(lifetime_def_id),
+            needle: hir::LifetimeKind::Param(lifetime_def_id),
             add_lt_suggs,
             new_lt: &new_lt,
         };
@@ -967,7 +967,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> TypeErrCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                 format!("...so that the {}", sup_trace.cause.as_requirement_str()),
             );
 
-            err.note_expected_found(&"", sup_expected, &"", sup_found);
+            err.note_expected_found("", sup_expected, "", sup_found);
             return if sub_region.is_error() | sup_region.is_error() {
                 err.delay_as_bug()
             } else {
@@ -1017,7 +1017,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> TypeErrCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
             infer::BoundRegion(_, br, infer::AssocTypeProjection(def_id)) => format!(
                 " for lifetime parameter {}in trait containing associated type `{}`",
                 br_string(br),
-                self.tcx.associated_item(def_id).name
+                self.tcx.associated_item(def_id).name()
             ),
             infer::RegionParameterDefinition(_, name) => {
                 format!(" for lifetime parameter `{name}`")
@@ -1048,7 +1048,7 @@ pub(super) fn note_and_explain_region<'tcx>(
     suffix: &str,
     alt_span: Option<Span>,
 ) {
-    let (description, span) = match *region {
+    let (description, span) = match region.kind() {
         ty::ReEarlyParam(_) | ty::ReLateParam(_) | ty::RePlaceholder(_) | ty::ReStatic => {
             msg_span_from_named_region(tcx, generic_param_scope, region, alt_span)
         }
@@ -1085,7 +1085,7 @@ fn msg_span_from_named_region<'tcx>(
     region: ty::Region<'tcx>,
     alt_span: Option<Span>,
 ) -> (String, Option<Span>) {
-    match *region {
+    match region.kind() {
         ty::ReEarlyParam(br) => {
             let param_def_id = tcx.generics_of(generic_param_scope).region_param(br, tcx).def_id;
             let span = tcx.def_span(param_def_id);
@@ -1185,7 +1185,7 @@ pub fn unexpected_hidden_region_diagnostic<'a, 'tcx>(
     });
 
     // Explain the region we are capturing.
-    match *hidden_region {
+    match hidden_region.kind() {
         ty::ReEarlyParam(_) | ty::ReLateParam(_) | ty::ReStatic => {
             // Assuming regionck succeeded (*), we ought to always be
             // capturing *some* region from the fn header, and hence it
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/traits/ambiguity.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/traits/ambiguity.rs
index 59c93db9c8f..54b50851b74 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/traits/ambiguity.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/traits/ambiguity.rs
@@ -348,11 +348,11 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> TypeErrCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                         && let None = self.tainted_by_errors()
                     {
                         let (verb, noun) = match self.tcx.associated_item(item_id).kind {
-                            ty::AssocKind::Const => ("refer to the", "constant"),
-                            ty::AssocKind::Fn => ("call", "function"),
+                            ty::AssocKind::Const { .. } => ("refer to the", "constant"),
+                            ty::AssocKind::Fn { .. } => ("call", "function"),
                             // This is already covered by E0223, but this following single match
                             // arm doesn't hurt here.
-                            ty::AssocKind::Type => ("refer to the", "type"),
+                            ty::AssocKind::Type { .. } => ("refer to the", "type"),
                         };
 
                         // Replace the more general E0283 with a more specific error
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/traits/fulfillment_errors.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/traits/fulfillment_errors.rs
index bc45fc11e9b..5648021f613 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/traits/fulfillment_errors.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/traits/fulfillment_errors.rs
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ use core::ops::ControlFlow;
 use std::borrow::Cow;
 use std::path::PathBuf;
 
+use rustc_abi::ExternAbi;
 use rustc_ast::TraitObjectSyntax;
 use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxHashMap;
 use rustc_data_structures::unord::UnordSet;
@@ -2799,32 +2800,57 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> TypeErrCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         }
 
         // Note any argument mismatches
-        let given_ty = params.skip_binder();
+        let ty::Tuple(given) = *params.skip_binder().kind() else {
+            return;
+        };
+
         let expected_ty = trait_pred.skip_binder().trait_ref.args.type_at(1);
-        if let ty::Tuple(given) = given_ty.kind()
-            && let ty::Tuple(expected) = expected_ty.kind()
-        {
-            if expected.len() != given.len() {
-                // Note number of types that were expected and given
-                err.note(
-                    format!(
-                        "expected a closure taking {} argument{}, but one taking {} argument{} was given",
-                        given.len(),
-                        pluralize!(given.len()),
-                        expected.len(),
-                        pluralize!(expected.len()),
-                    )
-                );
-            } else if !self.same_type_modulo_infer(given_ty, expected_ty) {
-                // Print type mismatch
-                let (expected_args, given_args) = self.cmp(given_ty, expected_ty);
-                err.note_expected_found(
-                    &"a closure with arguments",
-                    expected_args,
-                    &"a closure with arguments",
-                    given_args,
-                );
-            }
+        let ty::Tuple(expected) = *expected_ty.kind() else {
+            return;
+        };
+
+        if expected.len() != given.len() {
+            // Note number of types that were expected and given
+            err.note(format!(
+                "expected a closure taking {} argument{}, but one taking {} argument{} was given",
+                given.len(),
+                pluralize!(given.len()),
+                expected.len(),
+                pluralize!(expected.len()),
+            ));
+            return;
+        }
+
+        let given_ty = Ty::new_fn_ptr(
+            self.tcx,
+            params.rebind(self.tcx.mk_fn_sig(
+                given,
+                self.tcx.types.unit,
+                false,
+                hir::Safety::Safe,
+                ExternAbi::Rust,
+            )),
+        );
+        let expected_ty = Ty::new_fn_ptr(
+            self.tcx,
+            trait_pred.rebind(self.tcx.mk_fn_sig(
+                expected,
+                self.tcx.types.unit,
+                false,
+                hir::Safety::Safe,
+                ExternAbi::Rust,
+            )),
+        );
+
+        if !self.same_type_modulo_infer(given_ty, expected_ty) {
+            // Print type mismatch
+            let (expected_args, given_args) = self.cmp(expected_ty, given_ty);
+            err.note_expected_found(
+                "a closure with signature",
+                expected_args,
+                "a closure with signature",
+                given_args,
+            );
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/traits/suggestions.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/traits/suggestions.rs
index 38fcba4ea62..7d95a7b3fed 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/traits/suggestions.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/error_reporting/traits/suggestions.rs
@@ -1988,7 +1988,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> TypeErrCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         {
             let closure: Vec<_> = self
                 .tcx
-                .fn_arg_names(fn_def_id)
+                .fn_arg_idents(fn_def_id)
                 .iter()
                 .enumerate()
                 .map(|(i, ident)| {
@@ -2112,16 +2112,20 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> TypeErrCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
         trait_ref: DefId,
     ) {
         if let Some(assoc_item) = self.tcx.opt_associated_item(item_def_id) {
-            if let ty::AssocKind::Const | ty::AssocKind::Type = assoc_item.kind {
+            if let ty::AssocKind::Const { .. } | ty::AssocKind::Type { .. } = assoc_item.kind {
                 err.note(format!(
                     "{}s cannot be accessed directly on a `trait`, they can only be \
                         accessed through a specific `impl`",
-                    self.tcx.def_kind_descr(assoc_item.kind.as_def_kind(), item_def_id)
+                    self.tcx.def_kind_descr(assoc_item.as_def_kind(), item_def_id)
                 ));
                 err.span_suggestion(
                     span,
                     "use the fully qualified path to an implementation",
-                    format!("<Type as {}>::{}", self.tcx.def_path_str(trait_ref), assoc_item.name),
+                    format!(
+                        "<Type as {}>::{}",
+                        self.tcx.def_path_str(trait_ref),
+                        assoc_item.name()
+                    ),
                     Applicability::HasPlaceholders,
                 );
             }
@@ -3018,12 +3022,23 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> TypeErrCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                                 [] => span_bug!(ty.span, "trait object with no traits: {ty:?}"),
                             };
                             let needs_parens = traits.len() != 1;
-                            err.span_suggestion_verbose(
-                                span,
-                                "you can use `impl Trait` as the argument type",
-                                "impl ",
-                                Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
-                            );
+                            // Don't recommend impl Trait as a closure argument
+                            if let Some(hir_id) = hir_id
+                                && matches!(
+                                    self.tcx.parent_hir_node(hir_id),
+                                    hir::Node::Item(hir::Item {
+                                        kind: hir::ItemKind::Fn { .. },
+                                        ..
+                                    })
+                                )
+                            {
+                                err.span_suggestion_verbose(
+                                    span,
+                                    "you can use `impl Trait` as the argument type",
+                                    "impl ",
+                                    Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
+                                );
+                            }
                             let sugg = if !needs_parens {
                                 vec![(span.shrink_to_lo(), format!("&{kw}"))]
                             } else {
@@ -5397,10 +5412,10 @@ fn point_at_assoc_type_restriction<G: EmissionGuarantee>(
                 );
             }
             if let Some(new) =
-                tcx.associated_items(data.impl_or_alias_def_id).find_by_name_and_kind(
+                tcx.associated_items(data.impl_or_alias_def_id).find_by_ident_and_kind(
                     tcx,
                     Ident::with_dummy_span(name),
-                    ty::AssocKind::Type,
+                    ty::AssocTag::Type,
                     data.impl_or_alias_def_id,
                 )
             {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/errors.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/errors.rs
index 9f7bfe5101a..756d9a57b93 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/errors.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/errors.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use rustc_data_structures::fx::{FxHashSet, FxIndexSet};
 use rustc_errors::codes::*;
 use rustc_errors::{
     Applicability, Diag, DiagCtxtHandle, DiagMessage, DiagStyledString, Diagnostic,
-    EmissionGuarantee, IntoDiagArg, Level, MultiSpan, SubdiagMessageOp, Subdiagnostic,
+    EmissionGuarantee, IntoDiagArg, Level, MultiSpan, Subdiagnostic,
 };
 use rustc_hir::def::DefKind;
 use rustc_hir::def_id::{DefId, LocalDefId};
@@ -107,11 +107,7 @@ pub enum AdjustSignatureBorrow {
 }
 
 impl Subdiagnostic for AdjustSignatureBorrow {
-    fn add_to_diag_with<G: EmissionGuarantee, F: SubdiagMessageOp<G>>(
-        self,
-        diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>,
-        _f: &F,
-    ) {
+    fn add_to_diag<G: EmissionGuarantee>(self, diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>) {
         match self {
             AdjustSignatureBorrow::Borrow { to_borrow } => {
                 diag.arg("len", to_borrow.len());
@@ -381,11 +377,7 @@ pub enum RegionOriginNote<'a> {
 }
 
 impl Subdiagnostic for RegionOriginNote<'_> {
-    fn add_to_diag_with<G: EmissionGuarantee, F: SubdiagMessageOp<G>>(
-        self,
-        diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>,
-        _f: &F,
-    ) {
+    fn add_to_diag<G: EmissionGuarantee>(self, diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>) {
         let mut label_or_note = |span, msg: DiagMessage| {
             let sub_count = diag.children.iter().filter(|d| d.span.is_dummy()).count();
             let expanded_sub_count = diag.children.iter().filter(|d| !d.span.is_dummy()).count();
@@ -415,7 +407,7 @@ impl Subdiagnostic for RegionOriginNote<'_> {
                 label_or_note(span, fluent::trait_selection_subtype);
                 diag.arg("requirement", requirement);
 
-                diag.note_expected_found(&"", expected, &"", found);
+                diag.note_expected_found("", expected, "", found);
             }
             RegionOriginNote::WithRequirement { span, requirement, expected_found: None } => {
                 // FIXME: this really should be handled at some earlier stage. Our
@@ -446,11 +438,7 @@ pub enum LifetimeMismatchLabels {
 }
 
 impl Subdiagnostic for LifetimeMismatchLabels {
-    fn add_to_diag_with<G: EmissionGuarantee, F: SubdiagMessageOp<G>>(
-        self,
-        diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>,
-        _f: &F,
-    ) {
+    fn add_to_diag<G: EmissionGuarantee>(self, diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>) {
         match self {
             LifetimeMismatchLabels::InRet { param_span, ret_span, span, label_var1 } => {
                 diag.span_label(param_span, fluent::trait_selection_declared_different);
@@ -495,11 +483,7 @@ pub struct AddLifetimeParamsSuggestion<'a> {
 }
 
 impl Subdiagnostic for AddLifetimeParamsSuggestion<'_> {
-    fn add_to_diag_with<G: EmissionGuarantee, F: SubdiagMessageOp<G>>(
-        self,
-        diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>,
-        _f: &F,
-    ) {
+    fn add_to_diag<G: EmissionGuarantee>(self, diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>) {
         let mut mk_suggestion = || {
             let Some(anon_reg) = self.tcx.is_suitable_region(self.generic_param_scope, self.sub)
             else {
@@ -689,11 +673,7 @@ pub struct IntroducesStaticBecauseUnmetLifetimeReq {
 }
 
 impl Subdiagnostic for IntroducesStaticBecauseUnmetLifetimeReq {
-    fn add_to_diag_with<G: EmissionGuarantee, F: SubdiagMessageOp<G>>(
-        mut self,
-        diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>,
-        _f: &F,
-    ) {
+    fn add_to_diag<G: EmissionGuarantee>(mut self, diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>) {
         self.unmet_requirements
             .push_span_label(self.binding_span, fluent::trait_selection_msl_introduces_static);
         diag.span_note(self.unmet_requirements, fluent::trait_selection_msl_unmet_req);
@@ -1008,17 +988,13 @@ pub struct ConsiderBorrowingParamHelp {
 }
 
 impl Subdiagnostic for ConsiderBorrowingParamHelp {
-    fn add_to_diag_with<G: EmissionGuarantee, F: SubdiagMessageOp<G>>(
-        self,
-        diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>,
-        f: &F,
-    ) {
+    fn add_to_diag<G: EmissionGuarantee>(self, diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>) {
         let mut type_param_span: MultiSpan = self.spans.clone().into();
         for &span in &self.spans {
             // Seems like we can't call f() here as Into<DiagMessage> is required
             type_param_span.push_span_label(span, fluent::trait_selection_tid_consider_borrowing);
         }
-        let msg = f(diag, fluent::trait_selection_tid_param_help.into());
+        let msg = diag.eagerly_translate(fluent::trait_selection_tid_param_help);
         diag.span_help(type_param_span, msg);
     }
 }
@@ -1053,18 +1029,14 @@ pub struct DynTraitConstraintSuggestion {
 }
 
 impl Subdiagnostic for DynTraitConstraintSuggestion {
-    fn add_to_diag_with<G: EmissionGuarantee, F: SubdiagMessageOp<G>>(
-        self,
-        diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>,
-        f: &F,
-    ) {
+    fn add_to_diag<G: EmissionGuarantee>(self, diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>) {
         let mut multi_span: MultiSpan = vec![self.span].into();
         multi_span.push_span_label(self.span, fluent::trait_selection_dtcs_has_lifetime_req_label);
         multi_span
             .push_span_label(self.ident.span, fluent::trait_selection_dtcs_introduces_requirement);
-        let msg = f(diag, fluent::trait_selection_dtcs_has_req_note.into());
+        let msg = diag.eagerly_translate(fluent::trait_selection_dtcs_has_req_note);
         diag.span_note(multi_span, msg);
-        let msg = f(diag, fluent::trait_selection_dtcs_suggestion.into());
+        let msg = diag.eagerly_translate(fluent::trait_selection_dtcs_suggestion);
         diag.span_suggestion_verbose(
             self.span.shrink_to_hi(),
             msg,
@@ -1101,11 +1073,7 @@ pub struct ReqIntroducedLocations {
 }
 
 impl Subdiagnostic for ReqIntroducedLocations {
-    fn add_to_diag_with<G: EmissionGuarantee, F: SubdiagMessageOp<G>>(
-        mut self,
-        diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>,
-        f: &F,
-    ) {
+    fn add_to_diag<G: EmissionGuarantee>(mut self, diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>) {
         for sp in self.spans {
             self.span.push_span_label(sp, fluent::trait_selection_ril_introduced_here);
         }
@@ -1114,7 +1082,7 @@ impl Subdiagnostic for ReqIntroducedLocations {
             self.span.push_span_label(self.fn_decl_span, fluent::trait_selection_ril_introduced_by);
         }
         self.span.push_span_label(self.cause_span, fluent::trait_selection_ril_because_of);
-        let msg = f(diag, fluent::trait_selection_ril_static_introduced_by.into());
+        let msg = diag.eagerly_translate(fluent::trait_selection_ril_static_introduced_by);
         diag.span_note(self.span, msg);
     }
 }
@@ -1513,13 +1481,9 @@ pub struct SuggestTuplePatternMany {
 }
 
 impl Subdiagnostic for SuggestTuplePatternMany {
-    fn add_to_diag_with<G: EmissionGuarantee, F: SubdiagMessageOp<G>>(
-        self,
-        diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>,
-        f: &F,
-    ) {
+    fn add_to_diag<G: EmissionGuarantee>(self, diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>) {
         diag.arg("path", self.path);
-        let message = f(diag, crate::fluent_generated::trait_selection_stp_wrap_many.into());
+        let message = diag.eagerly_translate(fluent::trait_selection_stp_wrap_many);
         diag.multipart_suggestions(
             message,
             self.compatible_variants.into_iter().map(|variant| {
@@ -1752,11 +1716,7 @@ pub struct AddPreciseCapturingAndParams {
 }
 
 impl Subdiagnostic for AddPreciseCapturingAndParams {
-    fn add_to_diag_with<G: EmissionGuarantee, F: SubdiagMessageOp<G>>(
-        self,
-        diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>,
-        _f: &F,
-    ) {
+    fn add_to_diag<G: EmissionGuarantee>(self, diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>) {
         diag.arg("new_lifetime", self.new_lifetime);
         diag.multipart_suggestion_verbose(
             fluent::trait_selection_precise_capturing_new_but_apit,
@@ -1896,11 +1856,7 @@ pub struct AddPreciseCapturingForOvercapture {
 }
 
 impl Subdiagnostic for AddPreciseCapturingForOvercapture {
-    fn add_to_diag_with<G: EmissionGuarantee, F: SubdiagMessageOp<G>>(
-        self,
-        diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>,
-        _f: &F,
-    ) {
+    fn add_to_diag<G: EmissionGuarantee>(self, diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>) {
         let applicability = if self.apit_spans.is_empty() {
             Applicability::MachineApplicable
         } else {
@@ -1926,7 +1882,7 @@ impl Subdiagnostic for AddPreciseCapturingForOvercapture {
 #[derive(Diagnostic)]
 #[diag(trait_selection_opaque_type_non_generic_param, code = E0792)]
 pub(crate) struct NonGenericOpaqueTypeParam<'a, 'tcx> {
-    pub ty: GenericArg<'tcx>,
+    pub arg: GenericArg<'tcx>,
     pub kind: &'a str,
     #[primary_span]
     pub span: Span,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/errors/note_and_explain.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/errors/note_and_explain.rs
index 46622246a17..84e7686fdd3 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/errors/note_and_explain.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/errors/note_and_explain.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use rustc_errors::{Diag, EmissionGuarantee, IntoDiagArg, SubdiagMessageOp, Subdiagnostic};
+use rustc_errors::{Diag, EmissionGuarantee, IntoDiagArg, Subdiagnostic};
 use rustc_hir::def_id::LocalDefId;
 use rustc_middle::bug;
 use rustc_middle::ty::{self, TyCtxt};
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ impl<'a> DescriptionCtx<'a> {
         region: ty::Region<'tcx>,
         alt_span: Option<Span>,
     ) -> Option<Self> {
-        let (span, kind, arg) = match *region {
+        let (span, kind, arg) = match region.kind() {
             ty::ReEarlyParam(br) => {
                 let scope = tcx
                     .parent(tcx.generics_of(generic_param_scope).region_param(br, tcx).def_id)
@@ -162,17 +162,13 @@ impl RegionExplanation<'_> {
 }
 
 impl Subdiagnostic for RegionExplanation<'_> {
-    fn add_to_diag_with<G: EmissionGuarantee, F: SubdiagMessageOp<G>>(
-        self,
-        diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>,
-        f: &F,
-    ) {
+    fn add_to_diag<G: EmissionGuarantee>(self, diag: &mut Diag<'_, G>) {
         diag.arg("pref_kind", self.prefix);
         diag.arg("suff_kind", self.suffix);
         diag.arg("desc_kind", self.desc.kind);
         diag.arg("desc_arg", self.desc.arg);
 
-        let msg = f(diag, fluent::trait_selection_region_explanation.into());
+        let msg = diag.eagerly_translate(fluent::trait_selection_region_explanation);
         if let Some(span) = self.desc.span {
             diag.span_note(span, msg);
         } else {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/opaque_types.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/opaque_types.rs
index c7b8f063196..cce67b066dd 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/opaque_types.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/opaque_types.rs
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ pub fn check_opaque_type_parameter_valid<'tcx>(
             GenericArgKind::Lifetime(lt) => match defining_scope_kind {
                 DefiningScopeKind::HirTypeck => continue,
                 DefiningScopeKind::MirBorrowck => {
-                    matches!(*lt, ty::ReEarlyParam(_) | ty::ReLateParam(_))
+                    matches!(lt.kind(), ty::ReEarlyParam(_) | ty::ReLateParam(_))
                         || (lt.is_static() && opaque_env.param_equal_static(i))
                 }
             },
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ pub fn check_opaque_type_parameter_valid<'tcx>(
             opaque_env.param_is_error(i)?;
 
             return Err(infcx.dcx().emit_err(NonGenericOpaqueTypeParam {
-                ty: arg,
+                arg,
                 kind,
                 span,
                 param_span: tcx.def_span(opaque_param.def_id),
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/fulfill/derive_errors.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/fulfill/derive_errors.rs
index 3a939df25e0..d8dcd12aecb 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/fulfill/derive_errors.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/fulfill/derive_errors.rs
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ use rustc_next_trait_solver::solve::{GenerateProofTree, SolverDelegateEvalExt as
 use rustc_type_ir::solve::NoSolution;
 use tracing::{instrument, trace};
 
-use crate::solve::Certainty;
 use crate::solve::delegate::SolverDelegate;
 use crate::solve::inspect::{self, ProofTreeInferCtxtExt, ProofTreeVisitor};
+use crate::solve::{Certainty, deeply_normalize_for_diagnostics};
 use crate::traits::{FulfillmentError, FulfillmentErrorCode, wf};
 
 pub(super) fn fulfillment_error_for_no_solution<'tcx>(
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ fn find_best_leaf_obligation<'tcx>(
     //
     // We should probably fix the visitor to not do so instead, as this also
     // means the leaf obligation may be incorrect.
-    infcx
+    let obligation = infcx
         .fudge_inference_if_ok(|| {
             infcx
                 .visit_proof_tree(
@@ -161,7 +161,8 @@ fn find_best_leaf_obligation<'tcx>(
                 .break_value()
                 .ok_or(())
         })
-        .unwrap_or(obligation)
+        .unwrap_or(obligation);
+    deeply_normalize_for_diagnostics(infcx, obligation.param_env, obligation)
 }
 
 struct BestObligation<'tcx> {
@@ -291,6 +292,40 @@ impl<'tcx> BestObligation<'tcx> {
         }
     }
 
+    /// When a higher-ranked projection goal fails, check that the corresponding
+    /// higher-ranked trait goal holds or not. This is because the process of
+    /// instantiating and then re-canonicalizing the binder of the projection goal
+    /// forces us to be unable to see that the leak check failed in the nested
+    /// `NormalizesTo` goal, so we don't fall back to the rigid projection check
+    /// that should catch when a projection goal fails due to an unsatisfied trait
+    /// goal.
+    fn detect_trait_error_in_higher_ranked_projection(
+        &mut self,
+        goal: &inspect::InspectGoal<'_, 'tcx>,
+    ) -> ControlFlow<PredicateObligation<'tcx>> {
+        let tcx = goal.infcx().tcx;
+        if let Some(projection_clause) = goal.goal().predicate.as_projection_clause()
+            && !projection_clause.bound_vars().is_empty()
+        {
+            let pred = projection_clause.map_bound(|proj| proj.projection_term.trait_ref(tcx));
+            let obligation = Obligation::new(
+                tcx,
+                self.obligation.cause.clone(),
+                goal.goal().param_env,
+                deeply_normalize_for_diagnostics(goal.infcx(), goal.goal().param_env, pred),
+            );
+            self.with_derived_obligation(obligation, |this| {
+                goal.infcx().visit_proof_tree_at_depth(
+                    goal.goal().with(tcx, pred),
+                    goal.depth() + 1,
+                    this,
+                )
+            })
+        } else {
+            ControlFlow::Continue(())
+        }
+    }
+
     /// It is likely that `NormalizesTo` failed without any applicable candidates
     /// because the alias is not well-formed.
     ///
@@ -360,7 +395,8 @@ impl<'tcx> ProofTreeVisitor<'tcx> for BestObligation<'tcx> {
             (true, Ok(Certainty::Maybe(MaybeCause::Ambiguity))) | (false, Err(_)) => {}
             _ => return ControlFlow::Continue(()),
         }
-        let pred_kind = goal.goal().predicate.kind();
+
+        let pred = goal.goal().predicate;
 
         let candidates = self.non_trivial_candidates(goal);
         let candidate = match candidates.as_slice() {
@@ -374,7 +410,7 @@ impl<'tcx> ProofTreeVisitor<'tcx> for BestObligation<'tcx> {
             source: CandidateSource::Impl(impl_def_id),
             result: _,
         } = candidate.kind()
-            && goal.infcx().tcx.do_not_recommend_impl(impl_def_id)
+            && tcx.do_not_recommend_impl(impl_def_id)
         {
             trace!("#[do_not_recommend] -> exit");
             return ControlFlow::Break(self.obligation.clone());
@@ -382,12 +418,12 @@ impl<'tcx> ProofTreeVisitor<'tcx> for BestObligation<'tcx> {
 
         // FIXME: Also, what about considering >1 layer up the stack? May be necessary
         // for normalizes-to.
-        let child_mode = match pred_kind.skip_binder() {
-            ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::ClauseKind::Trait(pred)) => {
-                ChildMode::Trait(pred_kind.rebind(pred))
+        let child_mode = match pred.kind().skip_binder() {
+            ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::ClauseKind::Trait(trait_pred)) => {
+                ChildMode::Trait(pred.kind().rebind(trait_pred))
             }
-            ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::ClauseKind::HostEffect(pred)) => {
-                ChildMode::Host(pred_kind.rebind(pred))
+            ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::ClauseKind::HostEffect(host_pred)) => {
+                ChildMode::Host(pred.kind().rebind(host_pred))
             }
             ty::PredicateKind::NormalizesTo(normalizes_to)
                 if matches!(
@@ -395,7 +431,7 @@ impl<'tcx> ProofTreeVisitor<'tcx> for BestObligation<'tcx> {
                     ty::AliasTermKind::ProjectionTy | ty::AliasTermKind::ProjectionConst
                 ) =>
             {
-                ChildMode::Trait(pred_kind.rebind(ty::TraitPredicate {
+                ChildMode::Trait(pred.kind().rebind(ty::TraitPredicate {
                     trait_ref: normalizes_to.alias.trait_ref(tcx),
                     polarity: ty::PredicatePolarity::Positive,
                 }))
@@ -429,10 +465,12 @@ impl<'tcx> ProofTreeVisitor<'tcx> for BestObligation<'tcx> {
         for nested_goal in nested_goals {
             trace!(nested_goal = ?(nested_goal.goal(), nested_goal.source(), nested_goal.result()));
 
+            let nested_pred = nested_goal.goal().predicate;
+
             let make_obligation = |cause| Obligation {
                 cause,
                 param_env: nested_goal.goal().param_env,
-                predicate: nested_goal.goal().predicate,
+                predicate: nested_pred,
                 recursion_depth: self.obligation.recursion_depth + 1,
             };
 
@@ -482,30 +520,21 @@ impl<'tcx> ProofTreeVisitor<'tcx> for BestObligation<'tcx> {
 
         // alias-relate may fail because the lhs or rhs can't be normalized,
         // and therefore is treated as rigid.
-        if let Some(ty::PredicateKind::AliasRelate(lhs, rhs, _)) = pred_kind.no_bound_vars() {
-            if let Some(obligation) = goal
-                .infcx()
-                .visit_proof_tree_at_depth(
-                    goal.goal().with(goal.infcx().tcx, ty::ClauseKind::WellFormed(lhs.into())),
-                    goal.depth() + 1,
-                    self,
-                )
-                .break_value()
-            {
-                return ControlFlow::Break(obligation);
-            } else if let Some(obligation) = goal
-                .infcx()
-                .visit_proof_tree_at_depth(
-                    goal.goal().with(goal.infcx().tcx, ty::ClauseKind::WellFormed(rhs.into())),
-                    goal.depth() + 1,
-                    self,
-                )
-                .break_value()
-            {
-                return ControlFlow::Break(obligation);
-            }
+        if let Some(ty::PredicateKind::AliasRelate(lhs, rhs, _)) = pred.kind().no_bound_vars() {
+            goal.infcx().visit_proof_tree_at_depth(
+                goal.goal().with(tcx, ty::ClauseKind::WellFormed(lhs.into())),
+                goal.depth() + 1,
+                self,
+            )?;
+            goal.infcx().visit_proof_tree_at_depth(
+                goal.goal().with(tcx, ty::ClauseKind::WellFormed(rhs.into())),
+                goal.depth() + 1,
+                self,
+            )?;
         }
 
+        self.detect_trait_error_in_higher_ranked_projection(goal)?;
+
         ControlFlow::Break(self.obligation.clone())
     }
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/inspect/analyse.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/inspect/analyse.rs
index 48a05ad29fb..24b87000e32 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/inspect/analyse.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/inspect/analyse.rs
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> InspectGoal<'a, 'tcx> {
                 inspect::ProbeStep::NestedProbe(ref probe) => {
                     match probe.kind {
                         // These never assemble candidates for the goal we're trying to solve.
-                        inspect::ProbeKind::UpcastProjectionCompatibility
+                        inspect::ProbeKind::ProjectionCompatibility
                         | inspect::ProbeKind::ShadowedEnvProbing => continue,
 
                         inspect::ProbeKind::NormalizedSelfTyAssembly
@@ -314,8 +314,10 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> InspectGoal<'a, 'tcx> {
         }
 
         match probe.kind {
-            inspect::ProbeKind::UpcastProjectionCompatibility
-            | inspect::ProbeKind::ShadowedEnvProbing => bug!(),
+            inspect::ProbeKind::ProjectionCompatibility
+            | inspect::ProbeKind::ShadowedEnvProbing => {
+                bug!()
+            }
 
             inspect::ProbeKind::NormalizedSelfTyAssembly | inspect::ProbeKind::UnsizeAssembly => {}
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/normalize.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/normalize.rs
index 232357dc71a..79fb044a67f 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/normalize.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/normalize.rs
@@ -253,20 +253,28 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeFolder<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for DeeplyNormalizeForDiagnosticsFolder<'_,
     }
 
     fn fold_ty(&mut self, ty: Ty<'tcx>) -> Ty<'tcx> {
-        deeply_normalize_with_skipped_universes(
-            self.at,
-            ty,
-            vec![None; ty.outer_exclusive_binder().as_usize()],
-        )
-        .unwrap_or_else(|_: Vec<ScrubbedTraitError<'tcx>>| ty.super_fold_with(self))
+        let infcx = self.at.infcx;
+        infcx
+            .commit_if_ok(|_| {
+                deeply_normalize_with_skipped_universes(
+                    self.at,
+                    ty,
+                    vec![None; ty.outer_exclusive_binder().as_usize()],
+                )
+            })
+            .unwrap_or_else(|_: Vec<ScrubbedTraitError<'tcx>>| ty.super_fold_with(self))
     }
 
     fn fold_const(&mut self, ct: ty::Const<'tcx>) -> ty::Const<'tcx> {
-        deeply_normalize_with_skipped_universes(
-            self.at,
-            ct,
-            vec![None; ct.outer_exclusive_binder().as_usize()],
-        )
-        .unwrap_or_else(|_: Vec<ScrubbedTraitError<'tcx>>| ct.super_fold_with(self))
+        let infcx = self.at.infcx;
+        infcx
+            .commit_if_ok(|_| {
+                deeply_normalize_with_skipped_universes(
+                    self.at,
+                    ct,
+                    vec![None; ct.outer_exclusive_binder().as_usize()],
+                )
+            })
+            .unwrap_or_else(|_: Vec<ScrubbedTraitError<'tcx>>| ct.super_fold_with(self))
     }
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/select.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/select.rs
index 4437fc5b029..4fdaf740287 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/select.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/solve/select.rs
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ fn to_selection<'tcx>(
         },
         ProbeKind::NormalizedSelfTyAssembly
         | ProbeKind::UnsizeAssembly
-        | ProbeKind::UpcastProjectionCompatibility
+        | ProbeKind::ProjectionCompatibility
         | ProbeKind::OpaqueTypeStorageLookup { result: _ }
         | ProbeKind::Root { result: _ }
         | ProbeKind::ShadowedEnvProbing
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/auto_trait.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/auto_trait.rs
index 1fca2f4da7e..02521c9453d 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/auto_trait.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/auto_trait.rs
@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ impl<'tcx> AutoTraitFinder<'tcx> {
                     for (new_region, old_region) in
                         iter::zip(new_args.regions(), old_args.regions())
                     {
-                        match (*new_region, *old_region) {
+                        match (new_region.kind(), old_region.kind()) {
                             // If both predicates have an `ReBound` (a HRTB) in the
                             // same spot, we do nothing.
                             (ty::ReBound(_, _), ty::ReBound(_, _)) => {}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/coherence.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/coherence.rs
index bcc247ba53c..93c7dae9c5b 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/coherence.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/coherence.rs
@@ -537,7 +537,7 @@ fn plug_infer_with_placeholders<'tcx>(
         }
 
         fn visit_region(&mut self, r: ty::Region<'tcx>) {
-            if let ty::ReVar(vid) = *r {
+            if let ty::ReVar(vid) = r.kind() {
                 let r = self
                     .infcx
                     .inner
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/dyn_compatibility.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/dyn_compatibility.rs
index fa6bbf1d6e5..519394685a8 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/dyn_compatibility.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/dyn_compatibility.rs
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ fn bounds_reference_self(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, trait_def_id: DefId) -> SmallVec<[Span
     tcx.associated_items(trait_def_id)
         .in_definition_order()
         // We're only looking at associated type bounds
-        .filter(|item| item.kind == ty::AssocKind::Type)
+        .filter(|item| item.is_type())
         // Ignore GATs with `Self: Sized`
         .filter(|item| !tcx.generics_require_sized_self(item.def_id))
         .flat_map(|item| tcx.explicit_item_bounds(item.def_id).iter_identity_copied())
@@ -298,31 +298,33 @@ pub fn dyn_compatibility_violations_for_assoc_item(
     match item.kind {
         // Associated consts are never dyn-compatible, as they can't have `where` bounds yet at all,
         // and associated const bounds in trait objects aren't a thing yet either.
-        ty::AssocKind::Const => {
-            vec![DynCompatibilityViolation::AssocConst(item.name, item.ident(tcx).span)]
+        ty::AssocKind::Const { name } => {
+            vec![DynCompatibilityViolation::AssocConst(name, item.ident(tcx).span)]
         }
-        ty::AssocKind::Fn => virtual_call_violations_for_method(tcx, trait_def_id, item)
-            .into_iter()
-            .map(|v| {
-                let node = tcx.hir_get_if_local(item.def_id);
-                // Get an accurate span depending on the violation.
-                let span = match (&v, node) {
-                    (MethodViolationCode::ReferencesSelfInput(Some(span)), _) => *span,
-                    (MethodViolationCode::UndispatchableReceiver(Some(span)), _) => *span,
-                    (MethodViolationCode::ReferencesImplTraitInTrait(span), _) => *span,
-                    (MethodViolationCode::ReferencesSelfOutput, Some(node)) => {
-                        node.fn_decl().map_or(item.ident(tcx).span, |decl| decl.output.span())
-                    }
-                    _ => item.ident(tcx).span,
-                };
+        ty::AssocKind::Fn { name, .. } => {
+            virtual_call_violations_for_method(tcx, trait_def_id, item)
+                .into_iter()
+                .map(|v| {
+                    let node = tcx.hir_get_if_local(item.def_id);
+                    // Get an accurate span depending on the violation.
+                    let span = match (&v, node) {
+                        (MethodViolationCode::ReferencesSelfInput(Some(span)), _) => *span,
+                        (MethodViolationCode::UndispatchableReceiver(Some(span)), _) => *span,
+                        (MethodViolationCode::ReferencesImplTraitInTrait(span), _) => *span,
+                        (MethodViolationCode::ReferencesSelfOutput, Some(node)) => {
+                            node.fn_decl().map_or(item.ident(tcx).span, |decl| decl.output.span())
+                        }
+                        _ => item.ident(tcx).span,
+                    };
 
-                DynCompatibilityViolation::Method(item.name, v, span)
-            })
-            .collect(),
+                    DynCompatibilityViolation::Method(name, v, span)
+                })
+                .collect()
+        }
         // Associated types can only be dyn-compatible if they have `Self: Sized` bounds.
-        ty::AssocKind::Type => {
+        ty::AssocKind::Type { .. } => {
             if !tcx.generics_of(item.def_id).is_own_empty() && !item.is_impl_trait_in_trait() {
-                vec![DynCompatibilityViolation::GAT(item.name, item.ident(tcx).span)]
+                vec![DynCompatibilityViolation::GAT(item.name(), item.ident(tcx).span)]
             } else {
                 // We will permit associated types if they are explicitly mentioned in the trait object.
                 // We can't check this here, as here we only check if it is guaranteed to not be possible.
@@ -344,7 +346,7 @@ fn virtual_call_violations_for_method<'tcx>(
     let sig = tcx.fn_sig(method.def_id).instantiate_identity();
 
     // The method's first parameter must be named `self`
-    if !method.fn_has_self_parameter {
+    if !method.is_method() {
         let sugg = if let Some(hir::Node::TraitItem(hir::TraitItem {
             generics,
             kind: hir::TraitItemKind::Fn(sig, _),
@@ -797,7 +799,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeFolder<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for EraseEscapingBoundRegions<'tcx> {
     }
 
     fn fold_region(&mut self, r: ty::Region<'tcx>) -> ty::Region<'tcx> {
-        if let ty::ReBound(debruijn, _) = *r
+        if let ty::ReBound(debruijn, _) = r.kind()
             && debruijn < self.binder
         {
             r
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/fulfill.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/fulfill.rs
index e98a240a53f..1b76d48e431 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/fulfill.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/fulfill.rs
@@ -24,10 +24,10 @@ use super::{
 };
 use crate::error_reporting::InferCtxtErrorExt;
 use crate::infer::{InferCtxt, TyOrConstInferVar};
-use crate::traits::EvaluateConstErr;
 use crate::traits::normalize::normalize_with_depth_to;
 use crate::traits::project::{PolyProjectionObligation, ProjectionCacheKeyExt as _};
 use crate::traits::query::evaluate_obligation::InferCtxtExt;
+use crate::traits::{EvaluateConstErr, sizedness_fast_path};
 
 pub(crate) type PendingPredicateObligations<'tcx> = ThinVec<PendingPredicateObligation<'tcx>>;
 
@@ -335,6 +335,10 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> ObligationProcessor for FulfillProcessor<'a, 'tcx> {
 
         let infcx = self.selcx.infcx;
 
+        if sizedness_fast_path(infcx.tcx, obligation.predicate) {
+            return ProcessResult::Changed(thin_vec::thin_vec![]);
+        }
+
         if obligation.predicate.has_aliases() {
             let mut obligations = PredicateObligations::new();
             let predicate = normalize_with_depth_to(
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/mod.rs
index de337710b5e..0987c5b42d8 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/mod.rs
@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ pub use self::specialize::{
 pub use self::structural_normalize::StructurallyNormalizeExt;
 pub use self::util::{
     BoundVarReplacer, PlaceholderReplacer, elaborate, expand_trait_aliases, impl_item_is_final,
-    supertrait_def_ids, supertraits, transitive_bounds_that_define_assoc_item, upcast_choices,
-    with_replaced_escaping_bound_vars,
+    sizedness_fast_path, supertrait_def_ids, supertraits, transitive_bounds_that_define_assoc_item,
+    upcast_choices, with_replaced_escaping_bound_vars,
 };
 use crate::error_reporting::InferCtxtErrorExt;
 use crate::infer::outlives::env::OutlivesEnvironment;
@@ -643,7 +643,7 @@ fn replace_param_and_infer_args_with_placeholder<'tcx>(
 ) -> GenericArgsRef<'tcx> {
     struct ReplaceParamAndInferWithPlaceholder<'tcx> {
         tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
-        idx: u32,
+        idx: ty::BoundVar,
     }
 
     impl<'tcx> TypeFolder<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for ReplaceParamAndInferWithPlaceholder<'tcx> {
@@ -653,19 +653,13 @@ fn replace_param_and_infer_args_with_placeholder<'tcx>(
 
         fn fold_ty(&mut self, t: Ty<'tcx>) -> Ty<'tcx> {
             if let ty::Infer(_) = t.kind() {
-                let idx = {
-                    let idx = self.idx;
-                    self.idx += 1;
-                    idx
-                };
+                let idx = self.idx;
+                self.idx += 1;
                 Ty::new_placeholder(
                     self.tcx,
                     ty::PlaceholderType {
                         universe: ty::UniverseIndex::ROOT,
-                        bound: ty::BoundTy {
-                            var: ty::BoundVar::from_u32(idx),
-                            kind: ty::BoundTyKind::Anon,
-                        },
+                        bound: ty::BoundTy { var: idx, kind: ty::BoundTyKind::Anon },
                     },
                 )
             } else {
@@ -675,16 +669,11 @@ fn replace_param_and_infer_args_with_placeholder<'tcx>(
 
         fn fold_const(&mut self, c: ty::Const<'tcx>) -> ty::Const<'tcx> {
             if let ty::ConstKind::Infer(_) = c.kind() {
+                let idx = self.idx;
+                self.idx += 1;
                 ty::Const::new_placeholder(
                     self.tcx,
-                    ty::PlaceholderConst {
-                        universe: ty::UniverseIndex::ROOT,
-                        bound: ty::BoundVar::from_u32({
-                            let idx = self.idx;
-                            self.idx += 1;
-                            idx
-                        }),
-                    },
+                    ty::PlaceholderConst { universe: ty::UniverseIndex::ROOT, bound: idx },
                 )
             } else {
                 c.super_fold_with(self)
@@ -692,7 +681,7 @@ fn replace_param_and_infer_args_with_placeholder<'tcx>(
         }
     }
 
-    args.fold_with(&mut ReplaceParamAndInferWithPlaceholder { tcx, idx: 0 })
+    args.fold_with(&mut ReplaceParamAndInferWithPlaceholder { tcx, idx: ty::BoundVar::ZERO })
 }
 
 /// Normalizes the predicates and checks whether they hold in an empty environment. If this
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/project.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/project.rs
index 349569d750e..0dce504903c 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/project.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/project.rs
@@ -669,30 +669,11 @@ fn project<'cx, 'tcx>(
 
     match candidates {
         ProjectionCandidateSet::Single(candidate) => {
-            Ok(Projected::Progress(confirm_candidate(selcx, obligation, candidate)))
+            confirm_candidate(selcx, obligation, candidate)
         }
         ProjectionCandidateSet::None => {
             let tcx = selcx.tcx();
-            let term = match tcx.def_kind(obligation.predicate.def_id) {
-                DefKind::AssocTy => Ty::new_projection_from_args(
-                    tcx,
-                    obligation.predicate.def_id,
-                    obligation.predicate.args,
-                )
-                .into(),
-                DefKind::AssocConst => ty::Const::new_unevaluated(
-                    tcx,
-                    ty::UnevaluatedConst::new(
-                        obligation.predicate.def_id,
-                        obligation.predicate.args,
-                    ),
-                )
-                .into(),
-                kind => {
-                    bug!("unknown projection def-id: {}", kind.descr(obligation.predicate.def_id))
-                }
-            };
-
+            let term = obligation.predicate.to_term(tcx);
             Ok(Projected::NoProgress(term))
         }
         // Error occurred while trying to processing impls.
@@ -1244,18 +1225,16 @@ fn confirm_candidate<'cx, 'tcx>(
     selcx: &mut SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx>,
     obligation: &ProjectionTermObligation<'tcx>,
     candidate: ProjectionCandidate<'tcx>,
-) -> Progress<'tcx> {
+) -> Result<Projected<'tcx>, ProjectionError<'tcx>> {
     debug!(?obligation, ?candidate, "confirm_candidate");
-    let mut progress = match candidate {
+    let mut result = match candidate {
         ProjectionCandidate::ParamEnv(poly_projection)
-        | ProjectionCandidate::Object(poly_projection) => {
-            confirm_param_env_candidate(selcx, obligation, poly_projection, false)
-        }
-
-        ProjectionCandidate::TraitDef(poly_projection) => {
-            confirm_param_env_candidate(selcx, obligation, poly_projection, true)
-        }
-
+        | ProjectionCandidate::Object(poly_projection) => Ok(Projected::Progress(
+            confirm_param_env_candidate(selcx, obligation, poly_projection, false),
+        )),
+        ProjectionCandidate::TraitDef(poly_projection) => Ok(Projected::Progress(
+            confirm_param_env_candidate(selcx, obligation, poly_projection, true),
+        )),
         ProjectionCandidate::Select(impl_source) => {
             confirm_select_candidate(selcx, obligation, impl_source)
         }
@@ -1266,23 +1245,26 @@ fn confirm_candidate<'cx, 'tcx>(
     // with new region variables, we need to resolve them to existing variables
     // when possible for this to work. See `auto-trait-projection-recursion.rs`
     // for a case where this matters.
-    if progress.term.has_infer_regions() {
+    if let Ok(Projected::Progress(progress)) = &mut result
+        && progress.term.has_infer_regions()
+    {
         progress.term = progress.term.fold_with(&mut OpportunisticRegionResolver::new(selcx.infcx));
     }
-    progress
+
+    result
 }
 
 fn confirm_select_candidate<'cx, 'tcx>(
     selcx: &mut SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx>,
     obligation: &ProjectionTermObligation<'tcx>,
     impl_source: Selection<'tcx>,
-) -> Progress<'tcx> {
+) -> Result<Projected<'tcx>, ProjectionError<'tcx>> {
     match impl_source {
         ImplSource::UserDefined(data) => confirm_impl_candidate(selcx, obligation, data),
         ImplSource::Builtin(BuiltinImplSource::Misc | BuiltinImplSource::Trivial, data) => {
             let tcx = selcx.tcx();
             let trait_def_id = obligation.predicate.trait_def_id(tcx);
-            if tcx.is_lang_item(trait_def_id, LangItem::Coroutine) {
+            let progress = if tcx.is_lang_item(trait_def_id, LangItem::Coroutine) {
                 confirm_coroutine_candidate(selcx, obligation, data)
             } else if tcx.is_lang_item(trait_def_id, LangItem::Future) {
                 confirm_future_candidate(selcx, obligation, data)
@@ -1304,7 +1286,8 @@ fn confirm_select_candidate<'cx, 'tcx>(
                 confirm_async_fn_kind_helper_candidate(selcx, obligation, data)
             } else {
                 confirm_builtin_candidate(selcx, obligation, data)
-            }
+            };
+            Ok(Projected::Progress(progress))
         }
         ImplSource::Builtin(BuiltinImplSource::Object { .. }, _)
         | ImplSource::Param(..)
@@ -1410,7 +1393,7 @@ fn confirm_future_candidate<'cx, 'tcx>(
         coroutine_sig,
     );
 
-    debug_assert_eq!(tcx.associated_item(obligation.predicate.def_id).name, sym::Output);
+    debug_assert_eq!(tcx.associated_item(obligation.predicate.def_id).name(), sym::Output);
 
     let predicate = ty::ProjectionPredicate {
         projection_term: ty::AliasTerm::new_from_args(
@@ -1456,7 +1439,7 @@ fn confirm_iterator_candidate<'cx, 'tcx>(
         gen_sig,
     );
 
-    debug_assert_eq!(tcx.associated_item(obligation.predicate.def_id).name, sym::Item);
+    debug_assert_eq!(tcx.associated_item(obligation.predicate.def_id).name(), sym::Item);
 
     let predicate = ty::ProjectionPredicate {
         projection_term: ty::AliasTerm::new_from_args(
@@ -1502,7 +1485,7 @@ fn confirm_async_iterator_candidate<'cx, 'tcx>(
         gen_sig,
     );
 
-    debug_assert_eq!(tcx.associated_item(obligation.predicate.def_id).name, sym::Item);
+    debug_assert_eq!(tcx.associated_item(obligation.predicate.def_id).name(), sym::Item);
 
     let ty::Adt(_poll_adt, args) = *yield_ty.kind() else {
         bug!();
@@ -2000,7 +1983,7 @@ fn confirm_impl_candidate<'cx, 'tcx>(
     selcx: &mut SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx>,
     obligation: &ProjectionTermObligation<'tcx>,
     impl_impl_source: ImplSourceUserDefinedData<'tcx, PredicateObligation<'tcx>>,
-) -> Progress<'tcx> {
+) -> Result<Projected<'tcx>, ProjectionError<'tcx>> {
     let tcx = selcx.tcx();
 
     let ImplSourceUserDefinedData { impl_def_id, args, mut nested } = impl_impl_source;
@@ -2011,19 +1994,34 @@ fn confirm_impl_candidate<'cx, 'tcx>(
     let param_env = obligation.param_env;
     let assoc_ty = match specialization_graph::assoc_def(tcx, impl_def_id, assoc_item_id) {
         Ok(assoc_ty) => assoc_ty,
-        Err(guar) => return Progress::error(tcx, guar),
+        Err(guar) => return Ok(Projected::Progress(Progress::error(tcx, guar))),
     };
+
+    // This means that the impl is missing a definition for the
+    // associated type. This is either because the associate item
+    // has impossible-to-satisfy predicates (since those were
+    // allowed in <https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/135480>),
+    // or because the impl is literally missing the definition.
     if !assoc_ty.item.defaultness(tcx).has_value() {
-        // This means that the impl is missing a definition for the
-        // associated type. This error will be reported by the type
-        // checker method `check_impl_items_against_trait`, so here we
-        // just return Error.
         debug!(
             "confirm_impl_candidate: no associated type {:?} for {:?}",
-            assoc_ty.item.name, obligation.predicate
+            assoc_ty.item.name(),
+            obligation.predicate
         );
-        return Progress { term: Ty::new_misc_error(tcx).into(), obligations: nested };
+        if tcx.impl_self_is_guaranteed_unsized(impl_def_id) {
+            // We treat this projection as rigid here, which is represented via
+            // `Projected::NoProgress`. This will ensure that the projection is
+            // checked for well-formedness, and it's either satisfied by a trivial
+            // where clause in its env or it results in an error.
+            return Ok(Projected::NoProgress(obligation.predicate.to_term(tcx)));
+        } else {
+            return Ok(Projected::Progress(Progress {
+                term: Ty::new_misc_error(tcx).into(),
+                obligations: nested,
+            }));
+        }
     }
+
     // If we're trying to normalize `<Vec<u32> as X>::A<S>` using
     //`impl<T> X for Vec<T> { type A<Y> = Box<Y>; }`, then:
     //
@@ -2033,6 +2031,7 @@ fn confirm_impl_candidate<'cx, 'tcx>(
     let args = obligation.predicate.args.rebase_onto(tcx, trait_def_id, args);
     let args = translate_args(selcx.infcx, param_env, impl_def_id, args, assoc_ty.defining_node);
     let is_const = matches!(tcx.def_kind(assoc_ty.item.def_id), DefKind::AssocConst);
+
     let term: ty::EarlyBinder<'tcx, ty::Term<'tcx>> = if is_const {
         let did = assoc_ty.item.def_id;
         let identity_args = crate::traits::GenericArgs::identity_for_item(tcx, did);
@@ -2041,7 +2040,8 @@ fn confirm_impl_candidate<'cx, 'tcx>(
     } else {
         tcx.type_of(assoc_ty.item.def_id).map_bound(|ty| ty.into())
     };
-    if !tcx.check_args_compatible(assoc_ty.item.def_id, args) {
+
+    let progress = if !tcx.check_args_compatible(assoc_ty.item.def_id, args) {
         let err = Ty::new_error_with_message(
             tcx,
             obligation.cause.span,
@@ -2051,7 +2051,8 @@ fn confirm_impl_candidate<'cx, 'tcx>(
     } else {
         assoc_ty_own_obligations(selcx, obligation, &mut nested);
         Progress { term: term.instantiate(tcx, args), obligations: nested }
-    }
+    };
+    Ok(Projected::Progress(progress))
 }
 
 // Get obligations corresponding to the predicates from the where-clause of the
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/query/normalize.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/query/normalize.rs
index 5dbb4382fd1..507932699c7 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/query/normalize.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/query/normalize.rs
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeVisitor<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for MaxEscapingBoundVarVisitor {
 
     #[inline]
     fn visit_region(&mut self, r: ty::Region<'tcx>) {
-        match *r {
+        match r.kind() {
             ty::ReBound(debruijn, _) if debruijn > self.outer_index => {
                 self.escaping =
                     self.escaping.max(debruijn.as_usize() - self.outer_index.as_usize());
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/query/type_op/prove_predicate.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/query/type_op/prove_predicate.rs
index 4f9e2e79d62..87fc532adaf 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/query/type_op/prove_predicate.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/query/type_op/prove_predicate.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-use rustc_hir::LangItem;
 use rustc_infer::traits::Obligation;
 use rustc_middle::traits::ObligationCause;
 use rustc_middle::traits::query::NoSolution;
@@ -7,7 +6,7 @@ use rustc_middle::ty::{self, ParamEnvAnd, TyCtxt};
 use rustc_span::Span;
 
 use crate::infer::canonical::{CanonicalQueryInput, CanonicalQueryResponse};
-use crate::traits::ObligationCtxt;
+use crate::traits::{ObligationCtxt, sizedness_fast_path};
 
 impl<'tcx> super::QueryTypeOp<'tcx> for ProvePredicate<'tcx> {
     type QueryResponse = ();
@@ -16,15 +15,7 @@ impl<'tcx> super::QueryTypeOp<'tcx> for ProvePredicate<'tcx> {
         tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
         key: &ParamEnvAnd<'tcx, Self>,
     ) -> Option<Self::QueryResponse> {
-        // Proving Sized, very often on "obviously sized" types like
-        // `&T`, accounts for about 60% percentage of the predicates
-        // we have to prove. No need to canonicalize and all that for
-        // such cases.
-        if let ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::ClauseKind::Trait(trait_ref)) =
-            key.value.predicate.kind().skip_binder()
-            && tcx.is_lang_item(trait_ref.def_id(), LangItem::Sized)
-            && trait_ref.self_ty().is_trivially_sized(tcx)
-        {
+        if sizedness_fast_path(tcx, key.value.predicate) {
             return Some(());
         }
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/confirmation.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/confirmation.rs
index 2cb7d2d8931..d71d1e9ae0f 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/confirmation.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/confirmation.rs
@@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx> {
                     obligation.cause.clone(),
                     obligation.recursion_depth + 1,
                     obligation.param_env,
-                    obligation.predicate.rebind(trait_ref),
+                    trait_ref,
                 )
             };
 
@@ -343,7 +343,7 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx> {
                     obligation.cause.clone(),
                     obligation.recursion_depth + 1,
                     obligation.param_env,
-                    obligation.predicate.rebind(outlives),
+                    outlives,
                 )
             };
 
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx> {
             }
         }
 
-        let predicate = obligation.predicate.skip_binder();
+        let predicate = self.infcx.enter_forall_and_leak_universe(obligation.predicate);
 
         let mut assume = predicate.trait_ref.args.const_at(2);
         // FIXME(mgca): We should shallowly normalize this.
@@ -594,9 +594,7 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx> {
             // Associated types that require `Self: Sized` do not show up in the built-in
             // implementation of `Trait for dyn Trait`, and can be dropped here.
             .filter(|item| !tcx.generics_require_sized_self(item.def_id))
-            .filter_map(
-                |item| if item.kind == ty::AssocKind::Type { Some(item.def_id) } else { None },
-            )
+            .filter_map(|item| if item.is_type() { Some(item.def_id) } else { None })
             .collect();
 
         for assoc_type in assoc_types {
@@ -1090,26 +1088,36 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx> {
             {
                 // See `assemble_candidates_for_unsizing` for more info.
                 // We already checked the compatibility of auto traits within `assemble_candidates_for_unsizing`.
-                let iter = data_a
-                    .principal()
-                    .filter(|_| {
-                        // optionally drop the principal, if we're unsizing to no principal
-                        data_b.principal().is_some()
-                    })
-                    .map(|b| b.map_bound(ty::ExistentialPredicate::Trait))
-                    .into_iter()
-                    .chain(
+                let existential_predicates = if data_b.principal().is_some() {
+                    tcx.mk_poly_existential_predicates_from_iter(
                         data_a
-                            .projection_bounds()
-                            .map(|b| b.map_bound(ty::ExistentialPredicate::Projection)),
+                            .principal()
+                            .map(|b| b.map_bound(ty::ExistentialPredicate::Trait))
+                            .into_iter()
+                            .chain(
+                                data_a
+                                    .projection_bounds()
+                                    .map(|b| b.map_bound(ty::ExistentialPredicate::Projection)),
+                            )
+                            .chain(
+                                data_b
+                                    .auto_traits()
+                                    .map(ty::ExistentialPredicate::AutoTrait)
+                                    .map(ty::Binder::dummy),
+                            ),
                     )
-                    .chain(
+                } else {
+                    // If we're unsizing to a dyn type that has no principal, then drop
+                    // the principal and projections from the type. We use the auto traits
+                    // from the RHS type since as we noted that we've checked for auto
+                    // trait compatibility during unsizing.
+                    tcx.mk_poly_existential_predicates_from_iter(
                         data_b
                             .auto_traits()
                             .map(ty::ExistentialPredicate::AutoTrait)
                             .map(ty::Binder::dummy),
-                    );
-                let existential_predicates = tcx.mk_poly_existential_predicates_from_iter(iter);
+                    )
+                };
                 let source_trait = Ty::new_dynamic(tcx, existential_predicates, r_b, dyn_a);
 
                 // Require that the traits involved in this upcast are **equal**;
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/mod.rs
index 56ff46e89e7..4d88a23250a 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/select/mod.rs
@@ -49,7 +49,9 @@ use crate::infer::{InferCtxt, InferOk, TypeFreshener};
 use crate::solve::InferCtxtSelectExt as _;
 use crate::traits::normalize::{normalize_with_depth, normalize_with_depth_to};
 use crate::traits::project::{ProjectAndUnifyResult, ProjectionCacheKeyExt};
-use crate::traits::{EvaluateConstErr, ProjectionCacheKey, Unimplemented, effects};
+use crate::traits::{
+    EvaluateConstErr, ProjectionCacheKey, Unimplemented, effects, sizedness_fast_path,
+};
 
 mod _match;
 mod candidate_assembly;
@@ -603,6 +605,10 @@ impl<'cx, 'tcx> SelectionContext<'cx, 'tcx> {
             None => self.check_recursion_limit(&obligation, &obligation)?,
         }
 
+        if sizedness_fast_path(self.tcx(), obligation.predicate) {
+            return Ok(EvaluatedToOk);
+        }
+
         ensure_sufficient_stack(|| {
             let bound_predicate = obligation.predicate.kind();
             match bound_predicate.skip_binder() {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/util.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/util.rs
index 15f5cf916a4..035fd38c48a 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/util.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/util.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use std::collections::{BTreeMap, VecDeque};
 
 use rustc_data_structures::fx::{FxHashSet, FxIndexMap};
+use rustc_hir::LangItem;
 use rustc_hir::def_id::DefId;
 use rustc_infer::infer::InferCtxt;
 pub use rustc_infer::traits::util::*;
@@ -289,7 +290,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeFolder<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for BoundVarReplacer<'_, 'tcx> {
     }
 
     fn fold_region(&mut self, r: ty::Region<'tcx>) -> ty::Region<'tcx> {
-        match *r {
+        match r.kind() {
             ty::ReBound(debruijn, _)
                 if debruijn.as_usize()
                     >= self.current_index.as_usize() + self.universe_indices.len() =>
@@ -407,7 +408,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeFolder<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for PlaceholderReplacer<'_, 'tcx> {
     }
 
     fn fold_region(&mut self, r0: ty::Region<'tcx>) -> ty::Region<'tcx> {
-        let r1 = match *r0 {
+        let r1 = match r0.kind() {
             ty::ReVar(vid) => self
                 .infcx
                 .inner
@@ -417,7 +418,7 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeFolder<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for PlaceholderReplacer<'_, 'tcx> {
             _ => r0,
         };
 
-        let r2 = match *r1 {
+        let r2 = match r1.kind() {
             ty::RePlaceholder(p) => {
                 let replace_var = self.mapped_regions.get(&p);
                 match replace_var {
@@ -504,3 +505,21 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeFolder<TyCtxt<'tcx>> for PlaceholderReplacer<'_, 'tcx> {
         }
     }
 }
+
+pub fn sizedness_fast_path<'tcx>(tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>, predicate: ty::Predicate<'tcx>) -> bool {
+    // Proving `Sized` very often on "obviously sized" types like `&T`, accounts for about 60%
+    // percentage of the predicates we have to prove. No need to canonicalize and all that for
+    // such cases.
+    if let ty::PredicateKind::Clause(ty::ClauseKind::Trait(trait_ref)) =
+        predicate.kind().skip_binder()
+    {
+        if tcx.is_lang_item(trait_ref.def_id(), LangItem::Sized)
+            && trait_ref.self_ty().is_trivially_sized(tcx)
+        {
+            debug!("fast path -- trivial sizedness");
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+
+    false
+}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/vtable.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/vtable.rs
index 165174c0bcc..3565c11249a 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/vtable.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/vtable.rs
@@ -197,10 +197,8 @@ fn own_existential_vtable_entries_iter(
     tcx: TyCtxt<'_>,
     trait_def_id: DefId,
 ) -> impl Iterator<Item = DefId> {
-    let trait_methods = tcx
-        .associated_items(trait_def_id)
-        .in_definition_order()
-        .filter(|item| item.kind == ty::AssocKind::Fn);
+    let trait_methods =
+        tcx.associated_items(trait_def_id).in_definition_order().filter(|item| item.is_fn());
 
     // Now list each method's DefId (for within its trait).
     let own_entries = trait_methods.filter_map(move |&trait_method| {