Auto merge of #83908 - Flying-Toast:master, r=davidtwco

Add enum_intrinsics_non_enums lint

There is a clippy lint to prevent calling [`mem::discriminant`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/mem/fn.discriminant.html) with a non-enum type. I think the lint is worthy of being included in rustc, given that `discriminant::<T>()` where `T` is a non-enum has an unspecified return value, and there are no valid use cases where you'd actually want this.

I've also made the lint check [variant_count](https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/mem/fn.variant_count.html) (#73662).

closes #83899

3 files changed, 110 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/enum_intrinsics_non_enums.rs b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/enum_intrinsics_non_enums.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..876245747f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/enum_intrinsics_non_enums.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+use crate::{context::LintContext, LateContext, LateLintPass};
+use rustc_hir as hir;
+use rustc_middle::ty::{fold::TypeFoldable, Ty};
+use rustc_span::{symbol::sym, Span};
+
+declare_lint! {
+    /// The `enum_intrinsics_non_enums` lint detects calls to
+    /// intrinsic functions that require an enum ([`core::mem::discriminant`],
+    /// [`core::mem::variant_count`]), but are called with a non-enum type.
+    ///
+    /// [`core::mem::discriminant`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/mem/fn.discriminant.html
+    /// [`core::mem::variant_count`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/mem/fn.variant_count.html
+    ///
+    /// ### Example
+    ///
+    /// ```rust,compile_fail
+    /// #![deny(enum_intrinsics_non_enums)]
+    /// core::mem::discriminant::<i32>(&123);
+    /// ```
+    ///
+    /// {{produces}}
+    ///
+    /// ### Explanation
+    ///
+    /// In order to accept any enum, the `mem::discriminant` and
+    /// `mem::variant_count` functions are generic over a type `T`.
+    /// This makes it technically possible for `T` to be a non-enum,
+    /// in which case the return value is unspecified.
+    ///
+    /// This lint prevents such incorrect usage of these functions.
+    ENUM_INTRINSICS_NON_ENUMS,
+    Deny,
+    "detects calls to `core::mem::discriminant` and `core::mem::variant_count` with non-enum types"
+}
+
+declare_lint_pass!(EnumIntrinsicsNonEnums => [ENUM_INTRINSICS_NON_ENUMS]);
+
+/// Returns `true` if we know for sure that the given type is not an enum. Note that for cases where
+/// the type is generic, we can't be certain if it will be an enum so we have to assume that it is.
+fn is_non_enum(t: Ty<'_>) -> bool {
+    !t.is_enum() && !t.potentially_needs_subst()
+}
+
+fn enforce_mem_discriminant(
+    cx: &LateContext<'_>,
+    func_expr: &hir::Expr<'_>,
+    expr_span: Span,
+    args_span: Span,
+) {
+    let ty_param = cx.typeck_results().node_substs(func_expr.hir_id).type_at(0);
+    if is_non_enum(ty_param) {
+        cx.struct_span_lint(ENUM_INTRINSICS_NON_ENUMS, expr_span, |builder| {
+            builder
+                .build(
+                    "the return value of `mem::discriminant` is \
+                        unspecified when called with a non-enum type",
+                )
+                .span_note(
+                    args_span,
+                    &format!(
+                        "the argument to `discriminant` should be a \
+                            reference to an enum, but it was passed \
+                            a reference to a `{}`, which is not an enum.",
+                        ty_param,
+                    ),
+                )
+                .emit();
+        });
+    }
+}
+
+fn enforce_mem_variant_count(cx: &LateContext<'_>, func_expr: &hir::Expr<'_>, span: Span) {
+    let ty_param = cx.typeck_results().node_substs(func_expr.hir_id).type_at(0);
+    if is_non_enum(ty_param) {
+        cx.struct_span_lint(ENUM_INTRINSICS_NON_ENUMS, span, |builder| {
+            builder
+                .build(
+                    "the return value of `mem::variant_count` is \
+                        unspecified when called with a non-enum type",
+                )
+                .note(&format!(
+                    "the type parameter of `variant_count` should \
+                            be an enum, but it was instantiated with \
+                            the type `{}`, which is not an enum.",
+                    ty_param,
+                ))
+                .emit();
+        });
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'tcx> LateLintPass<'tcx> for EnumIntrinsicsNonEnums {
+    fn check_expr(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'_>, expr: &hir::Expr<'_>) {
+        if let hir::ExprKind::Call(ref func, ref args) = expr.kind {
+            if let hir::ExprKind::Path(ref qpath) = func.kind {
+                if let Some(def_id) = cx.qpath_res(qpath, func.hir_id).opt_def_id() {
+                    if cx.tcx.is_diagnostic_item(sym::mem_discriminant, def_id) {
+                        enforce_mem_discriminant(cx, func, expr.span, args[0].span);
+                    } else if cx.tcx.is_diagnostic_item(sym::mem_variant_count, def_id) {
+                        enforce_mem_variant_count(cx, func, expr.span);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/lib.rs b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/lib.rs
index 17eb0054584..6f684a0fe51 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/lib.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/lib.rs
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ mod array_into_iter;
 pub mod builtin;
 mod context;
 mod early;
+mod enum_intrinsics_non_enums;
 mod internal;
 mod late;
 mod levels;
@@ -76,6 +77,7 @@ use rustc_span::Span;
 
 use array_into_iter::ArrayIntoIter;
 use builtin::*;
+use enum_intrinsics_non_enums::EnumIntrinsicsNonEnums;
 use internal::*;
 use methods::*;
 use non_ascii_idents::*;
@@ -168,6 +170,7 @@ macro_rules! late_lint_passes {
                 TemporaryCStringAsPtr: TemporaryCStringAsPtr,
                 NonPanicFmt: NonPanicFmt,
                 NoopMethodCall: NoopMethodCall,
+                EnumIntrinsicsNonEnums: EnumIntrinsicsNonEnums,
                 InvalidAtomicOrdering: InvalidAtomicOrdering,
                 NamedAsmLabels: NamedAsmLabels,
             ]
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_span/src/symbol.rs b/compiler/rustc_span/src/symbol.rs
index 9551120ca55..6c889e88a59 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_span/src/symbol.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_span/src/symbol.rs
@@ -816,6 +816,7 @@ symbols! {
         mem_size_of,
         mem_size_of_val,
         mem_uninitialized,
+        mem_variant_count,
         mem_zeroed,
         member_constraints,
         memory,