Auto merge of #116855 - matthiaskrgr:rollup-i2izdwb, r=matthiaskrgr

Rollup of 5 pull requests

Successful merges:

 - #111072 (Add new simpler and more explicit syntax for check-cfg)
 - #116717 (Special case iterator chain checks for suggestion)
 - #116719 (Add MonoItems and Instance to stable_mir)
 - #116787 (Implement an internal lint encouraging use of `Span::eq_ctxt`)
 - #116827 (Make `handle_options` public again.)

r? `@ghost`
`@rustbot` modify labels: rollup

19 files changed, 620 insertions, 59 deletions

diff --git a/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/lib.rs b/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/lib.rs
index b0c95e1bd20..ab18cc32d9b 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/lib.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_driver_impl/src/lib.rs
@@ -1185,7 +1185,11 @@ fn print_flag_list<T>(
 ///
 /// So with all that in mind, the comments below have some more detail about the
 /// contortions done here to get things to work out correctly.
-fn handle_options(handler: &EarlyErrorHandler, args: &[String]) -> Option<getopts::Matches> {
+///
+/// This does not need to be `pub` for rustc itself, but @chaosite needs it to
+/// be public when using rustc as a library, see
+/// <https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/commit/2b4c33817a5aaecabf4c6598d41e190080ec119e>
+pub fn handle_options(handler: &EarlyErrorHandler, args: &[String]) -> Option<getopts::Matches> {
     if args.is_empty() {
         // user did not write `-v` nor `-Z unstable-options`, so do not
         // include that extra information.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/callee.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/callee.rs
index 512d73fc103..1c23ccd1579 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/callee.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir_typeck/src/callee.rs
@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ impl<'a, 'tcx> FnCtxt<'a, 'tcx> {
                 .sess
                 .source_map()
                 .is_multiline(call_expr.span.with_lo(callee_expr.span.hi()))
-                && call_expr.span.ctxt() == callee_expr.span.ctxt();
+                && call_expr.span.eq_ctxt(callee_expr.span);
             if call_is_multiline {
                 err.span_suggestion(
                     callee_expr.span.shrink_to_hi(),
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_interface/src/interface.rs b/compiler/rustc_interface/src/interface.rs
index 3e77a84bf9e..d2ce77ad535 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_interface/src/interface.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_interface/src/interface.rs
@@ -125,8 +125,13 @@ pub fn parse_cfgspecs(
 /// Converts strings provided as `--check-cfg [specs]` into a `CheckCfg`.
 pub fn parse_check_cfg(handler: &EarlyErrorHandler, specs: Vec<String>) -> CheckCfg {
     rustc_span::create_default_session_if_not_set_then(move |_| {
-        let mut check_cfg = CheckCfg::default();
+        // If any --check-cfg is passed then exhaustive_values and exhaustive_names
+        // are enabled by default.
+        let exhaustive_names = !specs.is_empty();
+        let exhaustive_values = !specs.is_empty();
+        let mut check_cfg = CheckCfg { exhaustive_names, exhaustive_values, ..CheckCfg::default() };
 
+        let mut old_syntax = None;
         for s in specs {
             let sess = ParseSess::with_silent_emitter(Some(format!(
                 "this error occurred on the command line: `--check-cfg={s}`"
@@ -142,18 +147,21 @@ pub fn parse_check_cfg(handler: &EarlyErrorHandler, specs: Vec<String>) -> Check
                 };
             }
 
-            let expected_error = || {
-                error!(
-                    "expected `names(name1, name2, ... nameN)` or \
-                        `values(name, \"value1\", \"value2\", ... \"valueN\")`"
-                )
-            };
+            let expected_error =
+                || error!("expected `cfg(name, values(\"value1\", \"value2\", ... \"valueN\"))`");
 
             match maybe_new_parser_from_source_str(&sess, filename, s.to_string()) {
                 Ok(mut parser) => match parser.parse_meta_item() {
                     Ok(meta_item) if parser.token == token::Eof => {
                         if let Some(args) = meta_item.meta_item_list() {
                             if meta_item.has_name(sym::names) {
+                                // defaults are flipped for the old syntax
+                                if old_syntax == None {
+                                    check_cfg.exhaustive_names = false;
+                                    check_cfg.exhaustive_values = false;
+                                }
+                                old_syntax = Some(true);
+
                                 check_cfg.exhaustive_names = true;
                                 for arg in args {
                                     if arg.is_word() && arg.ident().is_some() {
@@ -167,6 +175,13 @@ pub fn parse_check_cfg(handler: &EarlyErrorHandler, specs: Vec<String>) -> Check
                                     }
                                 }
                             } else if meta_item.has_name(sym::values) {
+                                // defaults are flipped for the old syntax
+                                if old_syntax == None {
+                                    check_cfg.exhaustive_names = false;
+                                    check_cfg.exhaustive_values = false;
+                                }
+                                old_syntax = Some(true);
+
                                 if let Some((name, values)) = args.split_first() {
                                     if name.is_word() && name.ident().is_some() {
                                         let ident = name.ident().expect("multi-segment cfg key");
@@ -216,6 +231,116 @@ pub fn parse_check_cfg(handler: &EarlyErrorHandler, specs: Vec<String>) -> Check
                                 } else {
                                     expected_error();
                                 }
+                            } else if meta_item.has_name(sym::cfg) {
+                                old_syntax = Some(false);
+
+                                let mut names = Vec::new();
+                                let mut values: FxHashSet<_> = Default::default();
+
+                                let mut any_specified = false;
+                                let mut values_specified = false;
+                                let mut values_any_specified = false;
+
+                                for arg in args {
+                                    if arg.is_word() && let Some(ident) = arg.ident() {
+                                        if values_specified {
+                                            error!("`cfg()` names cannot be after values");
+                                        }
+                                        names.push(ident);
+                                    } else if arg.has_name(sym::any)
+                                        && let Some(args) = arg.meta_item_list()
+                                    {
+                                        if any_specified {
+                                            error!("`any()` cannot be specified multiple times");
+                                        }
+                                        any_specified = true;
+                                        if !args.is_empty() {
+                                            error!("`any()` must be empty");
+                                        }
+                                    } else if arg.has_name(sym::values)
+                                        && let Some(args) = arg.meta_item_list()
+                                    {
+                                        if names.is_empty() {
+                                            error!(
+                                                "`values()` cannot be specified before the names"
+                                            );
+                                        } else if values_specified {
+                                            error!(
+                                                "`values()` cannot be specified multiple times"
+                                            );
+                                        }
+                                        values_specified = true;
+
+                                        for arg in args {
+                                            if let Some(LitKind::Str(s, _)) =
+                                                arg.lit().map(|lit| &lit.kind)
+                                            {
+                                                values.insert(Some(s.to_string()));
+                                            } else if arg.has_name(sym::any)
+                                                && let Some(args) = arg.meta_item_list()
+                                            {
+                                                if values_any_specified {
+                                                    error!(
+                                                        "`any()` in `values()` cannot be specified multiple times"
+                                                    );
+                                                }
+                                                values_any_specified = true;
+                                                if !args.is_empty() {
+                                                    error!("`any()` must be empty");
+                                                }
+                                            } else {
+                                                error!(
+                                                    "`values()` arguments must be string literals or `any()`"
+                                                );
+                                            }
+                                        }
+                                    } else {
+                                        error!(
+                                            "`cfg()` arguments must be simple identifiers, `any()` or `values(...)`"
+                                        );
+                                    }
+                                }
+
+                                if values.is_empty() && !values_any_specified && !any_specified {
+                                    values.insert(None);
+                                } else if !values.is_empty() && values_any_specified {
+                                    error!(
+                                        "`values()` arguments cannot specify string literals and `any()` at the same time"
+                                    );
+                                }
+
+                                if any_specified {
+                                    if !names.is_empty()
+                                        || !values.is_empty()
+                                        || values_any_specified
+                                    {
+                                        error!("`cfg(any())` can only be provided in isolation");
+                                    }
+
+                                    check_cfg.exhaustive_names = false;
+                                } else {
+                                    for name in names {
+                                        check_cfg
+                                            .expecteds
+                                            .entry(name.to_string())
+                                            .and_modify(|v| match v {
+                                                ExpectedValues::Some(v)
+                                                    if !values_any_specified =>
+                                                {
+                                                    v.extend(values.clone())
+                                                }
+                                                ExpectedValues::Some(_) => *v = ExpectedValues::Any,
+                                                ExpectedValues::Any => {}
+                                            })
+                                            .or_insert_with(|| {
+                                                if values_any_specified {
+                                                    ExpectedValues::Any
+                                                } else {
+                                                    ExpectedValues::Some(values.clone())
+                                                }
+                                            });
+                                    }
+                                }
                             } else {
                                 expected_error();
                             }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_interface/src/lib.rs b/compiler/rustc_interface/src/lib.rs
index 76131c1ad69..ffa2667a351 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_interface/src/lib.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_interface/src/lib.rs
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #![feature(internal_output_capture)]
 #![feature(thread_spawn_unchecked)]
 #![feature(lazy_cell)]
+#![feature(let_chains)]
 #![feature(try_blocks)]
 #![recursion_limit = "256"]
 #![allow(rustc::potential_query_instability)]
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_lint/messages.ftl b/compiler/rustc_lint/messages.ftl
index 197fe6552d7..4c4d2933bf4 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_lint/messages.ftl
+++ b/compiler/rustc_lint/messages.ftl
@@ -494,6 +494,8 @@ lint_renamed_lint = lint `{$name}` has been renamed to `{$replace}`
 
 lint_requested_level = requested on the command line with `{$level} {$lint_name}`
 
+lint_span_use_eq_ctxt = use `.eq_ctxt()` instead of `.ctxt() == .ctxt()`
+
 lint_supertrait_as_deref_target = `{$t}` implements `Deref` with supertrait `{$target_principal}` as target
     .label = target type is set here
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/internal.rs b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/internal.rs
index fc2d3d0a254..2d86129c480 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/internal.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/internal.rs
@@ -3,14 +3,14 @@
 
 use crate::lints::{
     BadOptAccessDiag, DefaultHashTypesDiag, DiagOutOfImpl, LintPassByHand, NonExistentDocKeyword,
-    QueryInstability, TyQualified, TykindDiag, TykindKind, UntranslatableDiag,
+    QueryInstability, SpanUseEqCtxtDiag, TyQualified, TykindDiag, TykindKind, UntranslatableDiag,
     UntranslatableDiagnosticTrivial,
 };
 use crate::{EarlyContext, EarlyLintPass, LateContext, LateLintPass, LintContext};
 use rustc_ast as ast;
 use rustc_hir::def::Res;
 use rustc_hir::{def_id::DefId, Expr, ExprKind, GenericArg, PatKind, Path, PathSegment, QPath};
-use rustc_hir::{HirId, Impl, Item, ItemKind, Node, Pat, Ty, TyKind};
+use rustc_hir::{BinOp, BinOpKind, HirId, Impl, Item, ItemKind, Node, Pat, Ty, TyKind};
 use rustc_middle::ty;
 use rustc_session::{declare_lint_pass, declare_tool_lint};
 use rustc_span::hygiene::{ExpnKind, MacroKind};
@@ -537,3 +537,33 @@ impl LateLintPass<'_> for BadOptAccess {
         }
     }
 }
+
+declare_tool_lint! {
+    pub rustc::SPAN_USE_EQ_CTXT,
+    Allow,
+    "forbid uses of `==` with `Span::ctxt`, suggest `Span::eq_ctxt` instead",
+    report_in_external_macro: true
+}
+
+declare_lint_pass!(SpanUseEqCtxt => [SPAN_USE_EQ_CTXT]);
+
+impl<'tcx> LateLintPass<'tcx> for SpanUseEqCtxt {
+    fn check_expr(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'tcx>, expr: &Expr<'_>) {
+        if let ExprKind::Binary(BinOp { node: BinOpKind::Eq, .. }, lhs, rhs) = expr.kind {
+            if is_span_ctxt_call(cx, lhs) && is_span_ctxt_call(cx, rhs) {
+                cx.emit_spanned_lint(SPAN_USE_EQ_CTXT, expr.span, SpanUseEqCtxtDiag);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+fn is_span_ctxt_call(cx: &LateContext<'_>, expr: &Expr<'_>) -> bool {
+    match &expr.kind {
+        ExprKind::MethodCall(..) => cx
+            .typeck_results()
+            .type_dependent_def_id(expr.hir_id)
+            .is_some_and(|call_did| cx.tcx.is_diagnostic_item(sym::SpanCtxt, call_did)),
+
+        _ => false,
+    }
+}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/lib.rs b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/lib.rs
index b9e455e6c2a..d61c59af1e0 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/lib.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/lib.rs
@@ -531,6 +531,8 @@ fn register_internals(store: &mut LintStore) {
     store.register_late_mod_pass(|_| Box::new(BadOptAccess));
     store.register_lints(&PassByValue::get_lints());
     store.register_late_mod_pass(|_| Box::new(PassByValue));
+    store.register_lints(&SpanUseEqCtxt::get_lints());
+    store.register_late_mod_pass(|_| Box::new(SpanUseEqCtxt));
     // FIXME(davidtwco): deliberately do not include `UNTRANSLATABLE_DIAGNOSTIC` and
     // `DIAGNOSTIC_OUTSIDE_OF_IMPL` here because `-Wrustc::internal` is provided to every crate and
     // these lints will trigger all of the time - change this once migration to diagnostic structs
@@ -548,6 +550,7 @@ fn register_internals(store: &mut LintStore) {
             LintId::of(USAGE_OF_QUALIFIED_TY),
             LintId::of(EXISTING_DOC_KEYWORD),
             LintId::of(BAD_OPT_ACCESS),
+            LintId::of(SPAN_USE_EQ_CTXT),
         ],
     );
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/lints.rs b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/lints.rs
index 594ef97b3ff..4eaf8bbf5de 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/lints.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/lints.rs
@@ -901,6 +901,10 @@ pub struct QueryInstability {
 }
 
 #[derive(LintDiagnostic)]
+#[diag(lint_span_use_eq_ctxt)]
+pub struct SpanUseEqCtxtDiag;
+
+#[derive(LintDiagnostic)]
 #[diag(lint_tykind_kind)]
 pub struct TykindKind {
     #[suggestion(code = "ty", applicability = "maybe-incorrect")]
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/coverage/spans.rs b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/coverage/spans.rs
index 1d1be8f2492..f1a0f762041 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/coverage/spans.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_mir_transform/src/coverage/spans.rs
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@ impl<'a> CoverageSpansGenerator<'a> {
 
         let Some(visible_macro) = curr.visible_macro(self.body_span) else { return };
         if let Some(prev) = &self.some_prev
-            && prev.expn_span.ctxt() == curr.expn_span.ctxt()
+            && prev.expn_span.eq_ctxt(curr.expn_span)
         {
             return;
         }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_passes/src/loops.rs b/compiler/rustc_passes/src/loops.rs
index 4590ab9e4f5..25e131d7477 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_passes/src/loops.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_passes/src/loops.rs
@@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ impl<'a, 'hir> CheckLoopVisitor<'a, 'hir> {
             AsyncClosure(closure_span) => {
                 self.sess.emit_err(BreakInsideAsyncBlock { span, closure_span, name });
             }
-            UnlabeledBlock(block_span) if is_break && block_span.ctxt() == break_span.ctxt() => {
+            UnlabeledBlock(block_span) if is_break && block_span.eq_ctxt(break_span) => {
                 let suggestion = Some(OutsideLoopSuggestion { block_span, break_span });
                 self.sess.emit_err(OutsideLoop { span, name, is_break, suggestion });
             }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_smir/src/rustc_internal/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_smir/src/rustc_internal/mod.rs
index e3c84f06543..5ea805e5739 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_smir/src/rustc_internal/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_smir/src/rustc_internal/mod.rs
@@ -6,9 +6,11 @@
 use crate::rustc_internal;
 use crate::rustc_smir::Tables;
 use rustc_data_structures::fx;
+use rustc_data_structures::fx::FxIndexMap;
 use rustc_driver::{Callbacks, Compilation, RunCompiler};
 use rustc_interface::{interface, Queries};
 use rustc_middle::mir::interpret::AllocId;
+use rustc_middle::ty;
 use rustc_middle::ty::TyCtxt;
 use rustc_span::def_id::{CrateNum, DefId};
 use rustc_span::Span;
@@ -97,7 +99,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Tables<'tcx> {
         stable_mir::ty::Prov(self.create_alloc_id(aid))
     }
 
-    fn create_def_id(&mut self, did: DefId) -> stable_mir::DefId {
+    pub(crate) fn create_def_id(&mut self, did: DefId) -> stable_mir::DefId {
         self.def_ids.create_or_fetch(did)
     }
 
@@ -108,6 +110,17 @@ impl<'tcx> Tables<'tcx> {
     pub(crate) fn create_span(&mut self, span: Span) -> stable_mir::ty::Span {
         self.spans.create_or_fetch(span)
     }
+
+    pub(crate) fn instance_def(
+        &mut self,
+        instance: ty::Instance<'tcx>,
+    ) -> stable_mir::mir::mono::InstanceDef {
+        self.instances.create_or_fetch(instance)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn static_def(&mut self, did: DefId) -> stable_mir::mir::mono::StaticDef {
+        stable_mir::mir::mono::StaticDef(self.create_def_id(did))
+    }
 }
 
 pub fn crate_num(item: &stable_mir::Crate) -> CrateNum {
@@ -118,10 +131,11 @@ pub fn run(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, f: impl FnOnce()) {
     stable_mir::run(
         Tables {
             tcx,
-            def_ids: rustc_internal::IndexMap { index_map: fx::FxIndexMap::default() },
-            alloc_ids: rustc_internal::IndexMap { index_map: fx::FxIndexMap::default() },
-            spans: rustc_internal::IndexMap { index_map: fx::FxIndexMap::default() },
+            def_ids: IndexMap::default(),
+            alloc_ids: IndexMap::default(),
+            spans: IndexMap::default(),
             types: vec![],
+            instances: IndexMap::default(),
         },
         f,
     );
@@ -192,6 +206,12 @@ pub struct IndexMap<K, V> {
     index_map: fx::FxIndexMap<K, V>,
 }
 
+impl<K, V> Default for IndexMap<K, V> {
+    fn default() -> Self {
+        Self { index_map: FxIndexMap::default() }
+    }
+}
+
 impl<K: PartialEq + Hash + Eq, V: Copy + Debug + PartialEq + IndexedVal> IndexMap<K, V> {
     pub fn create_or_fetch(&mut self, key: K) -> V {
         let len = self.index_map.len();
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_smir/src/rustc_smir/mod.rs b/compiler/rustc_smir/src/rustc_smir/mod.rs
index f26d18ad38f..94dc15b4767 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_smir/src/rustc_smir/mod.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_smir/src/rustc_smir/mod.rs
@@ -13,10 +13,12 @@ use crate::rustc_smir::stable_mir::ty::{BoundRegion, EarlyBoundRegion, Region};
 use rustc_hir as hir;
 use rustc_middle::mir;
 use rustc_middle::mir::interpret::{alloc_range, AllocId};
-use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Ty, TyCtxt, Variance};
+use rustc_middle::mir::mono::MonoItem;
+use rustc_middle::ty::{self, Instance, ParamEnv, Ty, TyCtxt, Variance};
 use rustc_span::def_id::{CrateNum, DefId, LOCAL_CRATE};
 use rustc_target::abi::FieldIdx;
-use stable_mir::mir::{CopyNonOverlapping, Statement, UserTypeProjection, VariantIdx};
+use stable_mir::mir::mono::InstanceDef;
+use stable_mir::mir::{Body, CopyNonOverlapping, Statement, UserTypeProjection, VariantIdx};
 use stable_mir::ty::{
     FloatTy, GenericParamDef, IntTy, LineInfo, Movability, RigidTy, Span, TyKind, UintTy,
 };
@@ -119,29 +121,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Context for Tables<'tcx> {
 
     fn mir_body(&mut self, item: stable_mir::DefId) -> stable_mir::mir::Body {
         let def_id = self[item];
-        let mir = self.tcx.instance_mir(ty::InstanceDef::Item(def_id));
-        stable_mir::mir::Body {
-            blocks: mir
-                .basic_blocks
-                .iter()
-                .map(|block| stable_mir::mir::BasicBlock {
-                    terminator: block.terminator().stable(self),
-                    statements: block
-                        .statements
-                        .iter()
-                        .map(|statement| statement.stable(self))
-                        .collect(),
-                })
-                .collect(),
-            locals: mir
-                .local_decls
-                .iter()
-                .map(|decl| stable_mir::mir::LocalDecl {
-                    ty: self.intern_ty(decl.ty),
-                    span: decl.source_info.span.stable(self),
-                })
-                .collect(),
-        }
+        self.tcx.instance_mir(ty::InstanceDef::Item(def_id)).stable(self)
     }
 
     fn ty_kind(&mut self, ty: stable_mir::ty::Ty) -> TyKind {
@@ -190,6 +170,34 @@ impl<'tcx> Context for Tables<'tcx> {
                 .collect(),
         }
     }
+
+    fn instance_body(&mut self, _def: InstanceDef) -> Body {
+        todo!("Monomorphize the body")
+    }
+
+    fn instance_ty(&mut self, def: InstanceDef) -> stable_mir::ty::Ty {
+        let instance = self.instances[def];
+        let ty = instance.ty(self.tcx, ParamEnv::empty());
+        self.intern_ty(ty)
+    }
+
+    fn instance_def_id(&mut self, def: InstanceDef) -> stable_mir::DefId {
+        let def_id = self.instances[def].def_id();
+        self.create_def_id(def_id)
+    }
+
+    fn mono_instance(&mut self, item: stable_mir::CrateItem) -> stable_mir::mir::mono::Instance {
+        let def_id = self[item.0];
+        Instance::mono(self.tcx, def_id).stable(self)
+    }
+
+    fn requires_monomorphization(&self, def_id: stable_mir::DefId) -> bool {
+        let def_id = self[def_id];
+        let generics = self.tcx.generics_of(def_id);
+        let result = generics.requires_monomorphization(self.tcx);
+        println!("req {result}: {def_id:?}");
+        result
+    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
@@ -224,7 +232,8 @@ pub struct Tables<'tcx> {
     pub def_ids: IndexMap<DefId, stable_mir::DefId>,
     pub alloc_ids: IndexMap<AllocId, stable_mir::AllocId>,
     pub spans: IndexMap<rustc_span::Span, Span>,
-    pub types: Vec<MaybeStable<stable_mir::ty::TyKind, Ty<'tcx>>>,
+    pub types: Vec<MaybeStable<TyKind, Ty<'tcx>>>,
+    pub instances: IndexMap<ty::Instance<'tcx>, InstanceDef>,
 }
 
 impl<'tcx> Tables<'tcx> {
@@ -254,6 +263,35 @@ pub(crate) trait Stable<'tcx> {
     fn stable(&self, tables: &mut Tables<'tcx>) -> Self::T;
 }
 
+impl<'tcx> Stable<'tcx> for mir::Body<'tcx> {
+    type T = stable_mir::mir::Body;
+
+    fn stable(&self, tables: &mut Tables<'tcx>) -> Self::T {
+        stable_mir::mir::Body {
+            blocks: self
+                .basic_blocks
+                .iter()
+                .map(|block| stable_mir::mir::BasicBlock {
+                    terminator: block.terminator().stable(tables),
+                    statements: block
+                        .statements
+                        .iter()
+                        .map(|statement| statement.stable(tables))
+                        .collect(),
+                })
+                .collect(),
+            locals: self
+                .local_decls
+                .iter()
+                .map(|decl| stable_mir::mir::LocalDecl {
+                    ty: tables.intern_ty(decl.ty),
+                    span: decl.source_info.span.stable(tables),
+                })
+                .collect(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 impl<'tcx> Stable<'tcx> for mir::Statement<'tcx> {
     type T = stable_mir::mir::Statement;
     fn stable(&self, tables: &mut Tables<'tcx>) -> Self::T {
@@ -1637,3 +1675,38 @@ impl<'tcx> Stable<'tcx> for DefKind {
         opaque(self)
     }
 }
+
+impl<'tcx> Stable<'tcx> for ty::Instance<'tcx> {
+    type T = stable_mir::mir::mono::Instance;
+
+    fn stable(&self, tables: &mut Tables<'tcx>) -> Self::T {
+        let def = tables.instance_def(*self);
+        let kind = match self.def {
+            ty::InstanceDef::Item(..) => stable_mir::mir::mono::InstanceKind::Item,
+            ty::InstanceDef::Intrinsic(..) => stable_mir::mir::mono::InstanceKind::Intrinsic,
+            ty::InstanceDef::Virtual(..) => stable_mir::mir::mono::InstanceKind::Virtual,
+            ty::InstanceDef::VTableShim(..)
+            | ty::InstanceDef::ReifyShim(..)
+            | ty::InstanceDef::FnPtrAddrShim(..)
+            | ty::InstanceDef::ClosureOnceShim { .. }
+            | ty::InstanceDef::ThreadLocalShim(..)
+            | ty::InstanceDef::DropGlue(..)
+            | ty::InstanceDef::CloneShim(..)
+            | ty::InstanceDef::FnPtrShim(..) => stable_mir::mir::mono::InstanceKind::Shim,
+        };
+        stable_mir::mir::mono::Instance { def, kind }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'tcx> Stable<'tcx> for MonoItem<'tcx> {
+    type T = stable_mir::mir::mono::MonoItem;
+
+    fn stable(&self, tables: &mut Tables<'tcx>) -> Self::T {
+        use stable_mir::mir::mono::MonoItem as StableMonoItem;
+        match self {
+            MonoItem::Fn(instance) => StableMonoItem::Fn(instance.stable(tables)),
+            MonoItem::Static(def_id) => StableMonoItem::Static(tables.static_def(*def_id)),
+            MonoItem::GlobalAsm(item_id) => StableMonoItem::GlobalAsm(opaque(item_id)),
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_span/src/span_encoding.rs b/compiler/rustc_span/src/span_encoding.rs
index bfc9e125362..f7d17a267d6 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_span/src/span_encoding.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_span/src/span_encoding.rs
@@ -212,6 +212,7 @@ impl Span {
 
     /// This function is used as a fast path when decoding the full `SpanData` is not necessary.
     /// It's a cut-down version of `data_untracked`.
+    #[cfg_attr(not(test), rustc_diagnostic_item = "SpanCtxt")]
     #[inline]
     pub fn ctxt(self) -> SyntaxContext {
         if self.len_with_tag_or_marker != BASE_LEN_INTERNED_MARKER {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_span/src/symbol.rs b/compiler/rustc_span/src/symbol.rs
index ea261923c65..be8c65862dc 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_span/src/symbol.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_span/src/symbol.rs
@@ -303,6 +303,7 @@ symbols! {
         SliceIndex,
         SliceIter,
         Some,
+        SpanCtxt,
         String,
         StructuralEq,
         StructuralPartialEq,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/error_reporting/suggestions.rs b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/error_reporting/suggestions.rs
index 78f7f915f72..4329460b1b7 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/error_reporting/suggestions.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_trait_selection/src/traits/error_reporting/suggestions.rs
@@ -313,6 +313,18 @@ pub trait TypeErrCtxtExt<'tcx> {
         predicate: ty::Predicate<'tcx>,
         call_hir_id: HirId,
     );
+
+    fn look_for_iterator_item_mistakes(
+        &self,
+        assocs_in_this_method: &[Option<(Span, (DefId, Ty<'tcx>))>],
+        typeck_results: &TypeckResults<'tcx>,
+        type_diffs: &[TypeError<'tcx>],
+        param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
+        path_segment: &hir::PathSegment<'_>,
+        args: &[hir::Expr<'_>],
+        err: &mut Diagnostic,
+    );
+
     fn point_at_chain(
         &self,
         expr: &hir::Expr<'_>,
@@ -321,6 +333,7 @@ pub trait TypeErrCtxtExt<'tcx> {
         param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
         err: &mut Diagnostic,
     );
+
     fn probe_assoc_types_at_expr(
         &self,
         type_diffs: &[TypeError<'tcx>],
@@ -3612,6 +3625,109 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeErrCtxtExt<'tcx> for TypeErrCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
         }
     }
 
+    fn look_for_iterator_item_mistakes(
+        &self,
+        assocs_in_this_method: &[Option<(Span, (DefId, Ty<'tcx>))>],
+        typeck_results: &TypeckResults<'tcx>,
+        type_diffs: &[TypeError<'tcx>],
+        param_env: ty::ParamEnv<'tcx>,
+        path_segment: &hir::PathSegment<'_>,
+        args: &[hir::Expr<'_>],
+        err: &mut Diagnostic,
+    ) {
+        let tcx = self.tcx;
+        // Special case for iterator chains, we look at potential failures of `Iterator::Item`
+        // not being `: Clone` and `Iterator::map` calls with spurious trailing `;`.
+        for entry in assocs_in_this_method {
+            let Some((_span, (def_id, ty))) = entry else {
+                continue;
+            };
+            for diff in type_diffs {
+                let Sorts(expected_found) = diff else {
+                    continue;
+                };
+                if tcx.is_diagnostic_item(sym::IteratorItem, *def_id)
+                    && path_segment.ident.name == sym::map
+                    && self.can_eq(param_env, expected_found.found, *ty)
+                    && let [arg] = args
+                    && let hir::ExprKind::Closure(closure) = arg.kind
+                {
+                    let body = tcx.hir().body(closure.body);
+                    if let hir::ExprKind::Block(block, None) = body.value.kind
+                        && let None = block.expr
+                        && let [.., stmt] = block.stmts
+                        && let hir::StmtKind::Semi(expr) = stmt.kind
+                        // FIXME: actually check the expected vs found types, but right now
+                        // the expected is a projection that we need to resolve.
+                        // && let Some(tail_ty) = typeck_results.expr_ty_opt(expr)
+                        && expected_found.found.is_unit()
+                    {
+                        err.span_suggestion_verbose(
+                            expr.span.shrink_to_hi().with_hi(stmt.span.hi()),
+                            "consider removing this semicolon",
+                            String::new(),
+                            Applicability::MachineApplicable,
+                        );
+                    }
+                    let expr = if let hir::ExprKind::Block(block, None) = body.value.kind
+                        && let Some(expr) = block.expr
+                    {
+                        expr
+                    } else {
+                        body.value
+                    };
+                    if let hir::ExprKind::MethodCall(path_segment, rcvr, [], span) = expr.kind
+                        && path_segment.ident.name == sym::clone
+                        && let Some(expr_ty) = typeck_results.expr_ty_opt(expr)
+                        && let Some(rcvr_ty) = typeck_results.expr_ty_opt(rcvr)
+                        && self.can_eq(param_env, expr_ty, rcvr_ty)
+                        && let ty::Ref(_, ty, _) = expr_ty.kind()
+                    {
+                        err.span_label(
+                            span,
+                            format!(
+                                "this method call is cloning the reference `{expr_ty}`, not \
+                                 `{ty}` which doesn't implement `Clone`",
+                            ),
+                        );
+                        let ty::Param(..) = ty.kind() else {
+                            continue;
+                        };
+                        let hir = tcx.hir();
+                        let node = hir.get_by_def_id(hir.get_parent_item(expr.hir_id).def_id);
+
+                        let pred = ty::Binder::dummy(ty::TraitPredicate {
+                            trait_ref: ty::TraitRef::from_lang_item(
+                                tcx,
+                                LangItem::Clone,
+                                span,
+                                [*ty],
+                            ),
+                            polarity: ty::ImplPolarity::Positive,
+                        });
+                        let Some(generics) = node.generics() else {
+                            continue;
+                        };
+                        let Some(body_id) = node.body_id() else {
+                            continue;
+                        };
+                        suggest_restriction(
+                            tcx,
+                            hir.body_owner_def_id(body_id),
+                            &generics,
+                            &format!("type parameter `{ty}`"),
+                            err,
+                            node.fn_sig(),
+                            None,
+                            pred,
+                            None,
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     fn point_at_chain(
         &self,
         expr: &hir::Expr<'_>,
@@ -3631,13 +3747,22 @@ impl<'tcx> TypeErrCtxtExt<'tcx> for TypeErrCtxt<'_, 'tcx> {
         let mut prev_ty = self.resolve_vars_if_possible(
             typeck_results.expr_ty_adjusted_opt(expr).unwrap_or(Ty::new_misc_error(tcx)),
         );
-        while let hir::ExprKind::MethodCall(_path_segment, rcvr_expr, _args, span) = expr.kind {
+        while let hir::ExprKind::MethodCall(path_segment, rcvr_expr, args, span) = expr.kind {
             // Point at every method call in the chain with the resulting type.
             // vec![1, 2, 3].iter().map(mapper).sum<i32>()
             //               ^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^^^
             expr = rcvr_expr;
             let assocs_in_this_method =
                 self.probe_assoc_types_at_expr(&type_diffs, span, prev_ty, expr.hir_id, param_env);
+            self.look_for_iterator_item_mistakes(
+                &assocs_in_this_method,
+                typeck_results,
+                &type_diffs,
+                param_env,
+                path_segment,
+                args,
+                err,
+            );
             assocs.push(assocs_in_this_method);
             prev_ty = self.resolve_vars_if_possible(
                 typeck_results.expr_ty_adjusted_opt(expr).unwrap_or(Ty::new_misc_error(tcx)),
diff --git a/compiler/stable_mir/src/error.rs b/compiler/stable_mir/src/error.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..12ac8f1ca65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/stable_mir/src/error.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+//! When things go wrong, we need some error handling.
+//! There are a few different types of errors in StableMIR:
+//!
+//! - [CompilerError]: This represents errors that can be raised when invoking the compiler.
+//! - [Error]: Generic error that represents the reason why a request that could not be fulfilled.
+
+use std::fmt::{Debug, Display, Formatter};
+use std::{error, fmt};
+
+/// An error type used to represent an error that has already been reported by the compiler.
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum CompilerError<T> {
+    /// Internal compiler error (I.e.: Compiler crashed).
+    ICE,
+    /// Compilation failed.
+    CompilationFailed,
+    /// Compilation was interrupted.
+    Interrupted(T),
+    /// Compilation skipped. This happens when users invoke rustc to retrieve information such as
+    /// --version.
+    Skipped,
+}
+
+/// A generic error to represent an API request that cannot be fulfilled.
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct Error(String);
+
+impl Error {
+    pub(crate) fn new(msg: String) -> Self {
+        Self(msg)
+    }
+}
+
+impl Display for Error {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        Display::fmt(&self.0, f)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T> Display for CompilerError<T>
+where
+    T: Display,
+{
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            CompilerError::ICE => write!(f, "Internal Compiler Error"),
+            CompilerError::CompilationFailed => write!(f, "Compilation Failed"),
+            CompilerError::Interrupted(reason) => write!(f, "Compilation Interrupted: {reason}"),
+            CompilerError::Skipped => write!(f, "Compilation Skipped"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T> Debug for CompilerError<T>
+where
+    T: Debug,
+{
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            CompilerError::ICE => write!(f, "Internal Compiler Error"),
+            CompilerError::CompilationFailed => write!(f, "Compilation Failed"),
+            CompilerError::Interrupted(reason) => write!(f, "Compilation Interrupted: {reason:?}"),
+            CompilerError::Skipped => write!(f, "Compilation Skipped"),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl error::Error for Error {}
+impl<T> error::Error for CompilerError<T> where T: Display + Debug {}
diff --git a/compiler/stable_mir/src/lib.rs b/compiler/stable_mir/src/lib.rs
index a3b05f2435e..59af3f64ad3 100644
--- a/compiler/stable_mir/src/lib.rs
+++ b/compiler/stable_mir/src/lib.rs
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
 //! The goal is to eventually be published on
 //! [crates.io](https://crates.io).
 
+use crate::mir::mono::InstanceDef;
+use crate::mir::Body;
 use std::cell::Cell;
 use std::fmt;
 use std::fmt::Debug;
@@ -29,11 +31,15 @@ use self::ty::{
 #[macro_use]
 extern crate scoped_tls;
 
+pub mod error;
 pub mod fold;
 pub mod mir;
 pub mod ty;
 pub mod visitor;
 
+pub use error::*;
+use mir::mono::Instance;
+
 /// Use String for now but we should replace it.
 pub type Symbol = String;
 
@@ -85,20 +91,6 @@ pub type TraitDecls = Vec<TraitDef>;
 /// A list of impl trait decls.
 pub type ImplTraitDecls = Vec<ImplDef>;
 
-/// An error type used to represent an error that has already been reported by the compiler.
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub enum CompilerError<T> {
-    /// Internal compiler error (I.e.: Compiler crashed).
-    ICE,
-    /// Compilation failed.
-    CompilationFailed,
-    /// Compilation was interrupted.
-    Interrupted(T),
-    /// Compilation skipped. This happens when users invoke rustc to retrieve information such as
-    /// --version.
-    Skipped,
-}
-
 /// Holds information about a crate.
 #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
 pub struct Crate {
@@ -113,7 +105,7 @@ pub type Filename = Opaque;
 /// Holds information about an item in the crate.
 /// For now, it only stores the item DefId. Use functions inside `rustc_internal` module to
 /// use this item.
-#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
 pub struct CrateItem(pub DefId);
 
 impl CrateItem {
@@ -132,6 +124,10 @@ impl CrateItem {
     pub fn kind(&self) -> DefKind {
         with(|cx| cx.def_kind(self.0))
     }
+
+    pub fn requires_monomorphization(&self) -> bool {
+        with(|cx| cx.requires_monomorphization(self.0))
+    }
 }
 
 /// Return the function where execution starts if the current
@@ -220,6 +216,23 @@ pub trait Context {
 
     /// Create a new `Ty` from scratch without information from rustc.
     fn mk_ty(&mut self, kind: TyKind) -> Ty;
+
+    /// Get the body of an Instance.
+    /// FIXME: Monomorphize the body.
+    fn instance_body(&mut self, instance: InstanceDef) -> Body;
+
+    /// Get the instance type with generic substitutions applied and lifetimes erased.
+    fn instance_ty(&mut self, instance: InstanceDef) -> Ty;
+
+    /// Get the instance.
+    fn instance_def_id(&mut self, instance: InstanceDef) -> DefId;
+
+    /// Convert a non-generic crate item into an instance.
+    /// This function will panic if the item is generic.
+    fn mono_instance(&mut self, item: CrateItem) -> Instance;
+
+    /// Item requires monomorphization.
+    fn requires_monomorphization(&self, def_id: DefId) -> bool;
 }
 
 // A thread local variable that stores a pointer to the tables mapping between TyCtxt
diff --git a/compiler/stable_mir/src/mir.rs b/compiler/stable_mir/src/mir.rs
index a9dbc3463f8..3138bb1ec83 100644
--- a/compiler/stable_mir/src/mir.rs
+++ b/compiler/stable_mir/src/mir.rs
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
 mod body;
+pub mod mono;
 
 pub use body::*;
diff --git a/compiler/stable_mir/src/mir/mono.rs b/compiler/stable_mir/src/mir/mono.rs
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..d8e8ccb0454
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compiler/stable_mir/src/mir/mono.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+use crate::mir::Body;
+use crate::ty::{IndexedVal, Ty};
+use crate::{with, CrateItem, DefId, Error, Opaque};
+use std::fmt::Debug;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Debug)]
+pub enum MonoItem {
+    Fn(Instance),
+    Static(StaticDef),
+    GlobalAsm(Opaque),
+}
+
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]
+pub struct Instance {
+    /// The type of instance.
+    pub kind: InstanceKind,
+    /// An ID used to get the instance definition from the compiler.
+    /// Do not use this field directly.
+    pub def: InstanceDef,
+}
+
+#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum InstanceKind {
+    /// A user defined item.
+    Item,
+    /// A compiler intrinsic function.
+    Intrinsic,
+    /// A virtual function definition stored in a VTable.
+    Virtual,
+    /// A compiler generated shim.
+    Shim,
+}
+
+impl Instance {
+    /// Get the body of an Instance. The body will be eagerly monomorphized.
+    pub fn body(&self) -> Body {
+        with(|context| context.instance_body(self.def))
+    }
+
+    /// Get the instance type with generic substitutions applied and lifetimes erased.
+    pub fn ty(&self) -> Ty {
+        with(|context| context.instance_ty(self.def))
+    }
+}
+
+/// Try to convert a crate item into an instance.
+/// The item cannot be generic in order to be converted into an instance.
+impl TryFrom<CrateItem> for Instance {
+    type Error = crate::Error;
+
+    fn try_from(item: CrateItem) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        with(|context| {
+            if !context.requires_monomorphization(item.0) {
+                Ok(context.mono_instance(item))
+            } else {
+                Err(Error::new("Item requires monomorphization".to_string()))
+            }
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+/// Try to convert an instance into a crate item.
+/// Only user defined instances can be converted.
+impl TryFrom<Instance> for CrateItem {
+    type Error = crate::Error;
+
+    fn try_from(value: Instance) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
+        if value.kind == InstanceKind::Item {
+            Ok(CrateItem(with(|context| context.instance_def_id(value.def))))
+        } else {
+            Err(Error::new(format!("Item kind `{:?}` cannot be converted", value.kind)))
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct InstanceDef(usize);
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, Debug)]
+pub struct StaticDef(pub DefId);
+
+impl IndexedVal for InstanceDef {
+    fn to_val(index: usize) -> Self {
+        InstanceDef(index)
+    }
+    fn to_index(&self) -> usize {
+        self.0
+    }
+}