x.py: Give a more helpful error message if curl isn't installed

This also abstracts checking for a command into `require`.

Before:

```
Updating only changed submodules
Submodules updated in 0.01 seconds
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "./x.py", line 11, in <module>
    bootstrap.main()
  ...
  File "/home/joshua/src/rust/src/bootstrap/bootstrap.py", line 137, in run
    ret = subprocess.Popen(args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 394, in __init__
    errread, errwrite)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/subprocess.py", line 1047, in _execute_child
    raise child_exception
OSError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory
```

After:

```
error: unable to run `curl --version`: [Errno 2] No such file or directory
Please make sure it's installed and in the path.
```

0 files changed, 0 insertions, 0 deletions