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-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_ast/src/ast.rs35
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_ast/src/mut_visit.rs31
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_ast/src/visit.rs18
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/item.rs62
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/lib.rs4
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_ast_passes/src/ast_validation.rs6
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_ast_passes/src/node_count.rs4
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_ast_pretty/src/pprust/state.rs53
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/proc_macro_harness.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/standard_library_imports.rs4
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/test_harness.rs15
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_expand/src/config.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_expand/src/expand.rs108
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_expand/src/module.rs24
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_expand/src/mut_visit/tests.rs8
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_expand/src/parse/tests.rs4
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_hir/src/hir.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_lint/src/early.rs7
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_lint/src/passes.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/item.rs35
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_passes/src/hir_stats.rs10
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_resolve/src/late.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_resolve/src/lib.rs40
-rw-r--r--src/test/ui/ast-json/ast-json-noexpand-output.stdout2
-rw-r--r--src/test/ui/ast-json/ast-json-output.stdout2
-rw-r--r--src/test/ui/issues/issue-49040.stderr6
-rw-r--r--src/tools/clippy/clippy_lints/src/utils/ast_utils.rs9
27 files changed, 227 insertions, 270 deletions
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_ast/src/ast.rs b/compiler/rustc_ast/src/ast.rs
index cd0ad2b0150..3550055ac10 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_ast/src/ast.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_ast/src/ast.rs
@@ -486,8 +486,8 @@ pub struct WhereEqPredicate {
 
 #[derive(Clone, Encodable, Decodable, Debug)]
 pub struct Crate {
-    pub module: Mod,
     pub attrs: Vec<Attribute>,
+    pub items: Vec<P<Item>>,
     pub span: Span,
     /// The order of items in the HIR is unrelated to the order of
     /// items in the AST. However, we generate proc macro harnesses
@@ -2299,21 +2299,22 @@ impl FnRetTy {
     }
 }
 
-/// Module declaration.
-///
-/// E.g., `mod foo;` or `mod foo { .. }`.
+#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Encodable, Decodable, Debug)]
+pub enum Inline {
+    Yes,
+    No,
+}
+
+/// Module item kind.
 #[derive(Clone, Encodable, Decodable, Debug)]
-pub struct Mod {
-    /// A span from the first token past `{` to the last token until `}`.
-    /// For `mod foo;`, the inner span ranges from the first token
-    /// to the last token in the external file.
-    pub inner: Span,
-    /// `unsafe` keyword accepted syntactically for macro DSLs, but not
-    /// semantically by Rust.
-    pub unsafety: Unsafe,
-    pub items: Vec<P<Item>>,
-    /// `true` for `mod foo { .. }`; `false` for `mod foo;`.
-    pub inline: bool,
+pub enum ModKind {
+    /// Module with inlined definition `mod foo { ... }`,
+    /// or with definition outlined to a separate file `mod foo;` and already loaded from it.
+    /// The inner span is from the first token past `{` to the last token until `}`,
+    /// or from the first to the last token in the loaded file.
+    Loaded(Vec<P<Item>>, Inline, Span),
+    /// Module with definition outlined to a separate file `mod foo;` but not yet loaded from it.
+    Unloaded,
 }
 
 /// Foreign module declaration.
@@ -2710,7 +2711,9 @@ pub enum ItemKind {
     /// A module declaration (`mod`).
     ///
     /// E.g., `mod foo;` or `mod foo { .. }`.
-    Mod(Mod),
+    /// `unsafe` keyword on modules is accepted syntactically for macro DSLs, but not
+    /// semantically by Rust.
+    Mod(Unsafe, ModKind),
     /// An external module (`extern`).
     ///
     /// E.g., `extern {}` or `extern "C" {}`.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_ast/src/mut_visit.rs b/compiler/rustc_ast/src/mut_visit.rs
index 024d9687f31..c286738811c 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_ast/src/mut_visit.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_ast/src/mut_visit.rs
@@ -170,10 +170,6 @@ pub trait MutVisitor: Sized {
         noop_visit_ty_constraint(t, self);
     }
 
-    fn visit_mod(&mut self, m: &mut Mod) {
-        noop_visit_mod(m, self);
-    }
-
     fn visit_foreign_mod(&mut self, nm: &mut ForeignMod) {
         noop_visit_foreign_mod(nm, self);
     }
@@ -917,7 +913,13 @@ pub fn noop_visit_item_kind<T: MutVisitor>(kind: &mut ItemKind, vis: &mut T) {
             vis.visit_generics(generics);
             visit_opt(body, |body| vis.visit_block(body));
         }
-        ItemKind::Mod(m) => vis.visit_mod(m),
+        ItemKind::Mod(_unsafety, mod_kind) => match mod_kind {
+            ModKind::Loaded(items, _inline, inner_span) => {
+                vis.visit_span(inner_span);
+                items.flat_map_in_place(|item| vis.flat_map_item(item));
+            }
+            ModKind::Unloaded => {}
+        },
         ItemKind::ForeignMod(nm) => vis.visit_foreign_mod(nm),
         ItemKind::GlobalAsm(_ga) => {}
         ItemKind::TyAlias(box TyAliasKind(_, generics, bounds, ty)) => {
@@ -998,14 +1000,10 @@ pub fn noop_visit_fn_header<T: MutVisitor>(header: &mut FnHeader, vis: &mut T) {
     vis.visit_asyncness(asyncness);
 }
 
-pub fn noop_visit_mod<T: MutVisitor>(module: &mut Mod, vis: &mut T) {
-    let Mod { inner, unsafety: _, items, inline: _ } = module;
-    vis.visit_span(inner);
-    items.flat_map_in_place(|item| vis.flat_map_item(item));
-}
-
+// FIXME: Avoid visiting the crate as a `Mod` item, flat map only the inner items if possible,
+// or make crate visiting first class if necessary.
 pub fn noop_visit_crate<T: MutVisitor>(krate: &mut Crate, vis: &mut T) {
-    visit_clobber(krate, |Crate { module, attrs, span, proc_macros }| {
+    visit_clobber(krate, |Crate { attrs, items, span, proc_macros }| {
         let item_vis =
             Visibility { kind: VisibilityKind::Public, span: span.shrink_to_lo(), tokens: None };
         let item = P(Item {
@@ -1014,19 +1012,20 @@ pub fn noop_visit_crate<T: MutVisitor>(krate: &mut Crate, vis: &mut T) {
             id: DUMMY_NODE_ID,
             vis: item_vis,
             span,
-            kind: ItemKind::Mod(module),
+            kind: ItemKind::Mod(Unsafe::No, ModKind::Loaded(items, Inline::Yes, span)),
             tokens: None,
         });
         let items = vis.flat_map_item(item);
 
         let len = items.len();
         if len == 0 {
-            let module = Mod { inner: span, unsafety: Unsafe::No, items: vec![], inline: true };
-            Crate { module, attrs: vec![], span, proc_macros }
+            Crate { attrs: vec![], items: vec![], span, proc_macros }
         } else if len == 1 {
             let Item { attrs, span, kind, .. } = items.into_iter().next().unwrap().into_inner();
             match kind {
-                ItemKind::Mod(module) => Crate { module, attrs, span, proc_macros },
+                ItemKind::Mod(_, ModKind::Loaded(items, ..)) => {
+                    Crate { attrs, items, span, proc_macros }
+                }
                 _ => panic!("visitor converted a module to not a module"),
             }
         } else {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_ast/src/visit.rs b/compiler/rustc_ast/src/visit.rs
index c37d4cd9f79..32b9dd46bae 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_ast/src/visit.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_ast/src/visit.rs
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ impl<'a> FnKind<'a> {
 /// Each method of the `Visitor` trait is a hook to be potentially
 /// overridden. Each method's default implementation recursively visits
 /// the substructure of the input via the corresponding `walk` method;
-/// e.g., the `visit_mod` method by default calls `visit::walk_mod`.
+/// e.g., the `visit_item` method by default calls `visit::walk_item`.
 ///
 /// If you want to ensure that your code handles every variant
 /// explicitly, you need to override each method. (And you also need
@@ -87,9 +87,6 @@ pub trait Visitor<'ast>: Sized {
     fn visit_ident(&mut self, ident: Ident) {
         walk_ident(self, ident);
     }
-    fn visit_mod(&mut self, m: &'ast Mod, _s: Span, _attrs: &[Attribute], _n: NodeId) {
-        walk_mod(self, m);
-    }
     fn visit_foreign_item(&mut self, i: &'ast ForeignItem) {
         walk_foreign_item(self, i)
     }
@@ -238,14 +235,10 @@ pub fn walk_ident<'a, V: Visitor<'a>>(visitor: &mut V, ident: Ident) {
 }
 
 pub fn walk_crate<'a, V: Visitor<'a>>(visitor: &mut V, krate: &'a Crate) {
-    visitor.visit_mod(&krate.module, krate.span, &krate.attrs, CRATE_NODE_ID);
+    walk_list!(visitor, visit_item, &krate.items);
     walk_list!(visitor, visit_attribute, &krate.attrs);
 }
 
-pub fn walk_mod<'a, V: Visitor<'a>>(visitor: &mut V, module: &'a Mod) {
-    walk_list!(visitor, visit_item, &module.items);
-}
-
 pub fn walk_local<'a, V: Visitor<'a>>(visitor: &mut V, local: &'a Local) {
     for attr in local.attrs.iter() {
         visitor.visit_attribute(attr);
@@ -297,7 +290,12 @@ pub fn walk_item<'a, V: Visitor<'a>>(visitor: &mut V, item: &'a Item) {
             let kind = FnKind::Fn(FnCtxt::Free, item.ident, sig, &item.vis, body.as_deref());
             visitor.visit_fn(kind, item.span, item.id)
         }
-        ItemKind::Mod(ref module) => visitor.visit_mod(module, item.span, &item.attrs, item.id),
+        ItemKind::Mod(_unsafety, ref mod_kind) => match mod_kind {
+            ModKind::Loaded(items, _inline, _inner_span) => {
+                walk_list!(visitor, visit_item, items)
+            }
+            ModKind::Unloaded => {}
+        },
         ItemKind::ForeignMod(ref foreign_module) => {
             walk_list!(visitor, visit_foreign_item, &foreign_module.items);
         }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/item.rs b/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/item.rs
index cad2a21d1a4..8b740b77740 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/item.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/item.rs
@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ use rustc_span::source_map::{respan, DesugaringKind};
 use rustc_span::symbol::{kw, sym, Ident};
 use rustc_span::Span;
 use rustc_target::spec::abi;
-
 use smallvec::{smallvec, SmallVec};
-use std::collections::BTreeSet;
 use tracing::debug;
 
+use std::mem;
+
 pub(super) struct ItemLowerer<'a, 'lowering, 'hir> {
     pub(super) lctx: &'a mut LoweringContext<'lowering, 'hir>,
 }
@@ -34,25 +34,6 @@ impl ItemLowerer<'_, '_, '_> {
 }
 
 impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for ItemLowerer<'a, '_, '_> {
-    fn visit_mod(&mut self, m: &'a Mod, _s: Span, _attrs: &[Attribute], n: NodeId) {
-        let def_id = self.lctx.lower_node_id(n).expect_owner();
-
-        self.lctx.modules.insert(
-            def_id,
-            hir::ModuleItems {
-                items: BTreeSet::new(),
-                trait_items: BTreeSet::new(),
-                impl_items: BTreeSet::new(),
-                foreign_items: BTreeSet::new(),
-            },
-        );
-
-        let old = self.lctx.current_module;
-        self.lctx.current_module = def_id;
-        visit::walk_mod(self, m);
-        self.lctx.current_module = old;
-    }
-
     fn visit_item(&mut self, item: &'a Item) {
         let mut item_hir_id = None;
         self.lctx.with_hir_id_owner(item.id, |lctx| {
@@ -67,10 +48,18 @@ impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for ItemLowerer<'a, '_, '_> {
         if let Some(hir_id) = item_hir_id {
             self.lctx.with_parent_item_lifetime_defs(hir_id, |this| {
                 let this = &mut ItemLowerer { lctx: this };
-                if let ItemKind::Impl(box ImplKind { ref of_trait, .. }) = item.kind {
-                    this.with_trait_impl_ref(of_trait, |this| visit::walk_item(this, item));
-                } else {
-                    visit::walk_item(this, item);
+                match item.kind {
+                    ItemKind::Mod(..) => {
+                        let def_id = this.lctx.lower_node_id(item.id).expect_owner();
+                        let old_current_module =
+                            mem::replace(&mut this.lctx.current_module, def_id);
+                        visit::walk_item(this, item);
+                        this.lctx.current_module = old_current_module;
+                    }
+                    ItemKind::Impl(box ImplKind { ref of_trait, .. }) => {
+                        this.with_trait_impl_ref(of_trait, |this| visit::walk_item(this, item));
+                    }
+                    _ => visit::walk_item(this, item),
                 }
             });
         }
@@ -94,13 +83,13 @@ impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for ItemLowerer<'a, '_, '_> {
                 let hir_item = lctx.lower_trait_item(item);
                 let id = hir_item.trait_item_id();
                 lctx.trait_items.insert(id, hir_item);
-                lctx.modules.get_mut(&lctx.current_module).unwrap().trait_items.insert(id);
+                lctx.modules.entry(lctx.current_module).or_default().trait_items.insert(id);
             }
             AssocCtxt::Impl => {
                 let hir_item = lctx.lower_impl_item(item);
                 let id = hir_item.impl_item_id();
                 lctx.impl_items.insert(id, hir_item);
-                lctx.modules.get_mut(&lctx.current_module).unwrap().impl_items.insert(id);
+                lctx.modules.entry(lctx.current_module).or_default().impl_items.insert(id);
             }
         });
 
@@ -113,7 +102,7 @@ impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for ItemLowerer<'a, '_, '_> {
             let hir_item = lctx.lower_foreign_item(item);
             let id = hir_item.foreign_item_id();
             lctx.foreign_items.insert(id, hir_item);
-            lctx.modules.get_mut(&lctx.current_module).unwrap().foreign_items.insert(id);
+            lctx.modules.entry(lctx.current_module).or_default().foreign_items.insert(id);
         });
 
         visit::walk_foreign_item(self, item);
@@ -157,7 +146,7 @@ impl<'hir> LoweringContext<'_, 'hir> {
         &mut self,
         f: impl FnOnce(&mut LoweringContext<'_, '_>) -> T,
     ) -> T {
-        let old_in_scope_lifetimes = std::mem::replace(&mut self.in_scope_lifetimes, vec![]);
+        let old_in_scope_lifetimes = mem::replace(&mut self.in_scope_lifetimes, vec![]);
 
         // this vector is only used when walking over impl headers,
         // input types, and the like, and should not be non-empty in
@@ -172,12 +161,10 @@ impl<'hir> LoweringContext<'_, 'hir> {
         res
     }
 
-    pub(super) fn lower_mod(&mut self, m: &Mod) -> hir::Mod<'hir> {
+    pub(super) fn lower_mod(&mut self, items: &[P<Item>], inner: Span) -> hir::Mod<'hir> {
         hir::Mod {
-            inner: m.inner,
-            item_ids: self
-                .arena
-                .alloc_from_iter(m.items.iter().flat_map(|x| self.lower_item_id(x))),
+            inner,
+            item_ids: self.arena.alloc_from_iter(items.iter().flat_map(|x| self.lower_item_id(x))),
         }
     }
 
@@ -327,7 +314,12 @@ impl<'hir> LoweringContext<'_, 'hir> {
                     hir::ItemKind::Fn(sig, generics, body_id)
                 })
             }
-            ItemKind::Mod(ref m) => hir::ItemKind::Mod(self.lower_mod(m)),
+            ItemKind::Mod(_, ref mod_kind) => match mod_kind {
+                ModKind::Loaded(items, _, inner_span) => {
+                    hir::ItemKind::Mod(self.lower_mod(items, *inner_span))
+                }
+                ModKind::Unloaded => panic!("`mod` items should have been loaded by now"),
+            },
             ItemKind::ForeignMod(ref fm) => {
                 if fm.abi.is_none() {
                     self.maybe_lint_missing_abi(span, id, abi::Abi::C);
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/lib.rs b/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/lib.rs
index 9d0b2cd5c67..05b417effd4 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/lib.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_ast_lowering/src/lib.rs
@@ -560,7 +560,7 @@ impl<'a, 'hir> LoweringContext<'a, 'hir> {
         visit::walk_crate(&mut MiscCollector { lctx: &mut self }, c);
         visit::walk_crate(&mut item::ItemLowerer { lctx: &mut self }, c);
 
-        let module = self.lower_mod(&c.module);
+        let module = self.lower_mod(&c.items, c.span);
         let attrs = self.lower_attrs(&c.attrs);
         let body_ids = body_ids(&self.bodies);
         let proc_macros =
@@ -608,7 +608,7 @@ impl<'a, 'hir> LoweringContext<'a, 'hir> {
     fn insert_item(&mut self, item: hir::Item<'hir>) -> hir::ItemId {
         let id = hir::ItemId { def_id: item.def_id };
         self.items.insert(id, item);
-        self.modules.get_mut(&self.current_module).unwrap().items.insert(id);
+        self.modules.entry(self.current_module).or_default().items.insert(id);
         id
     }
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_ast_passes/src/ast_validation.rs b/compiler/rustc_ast_passes/src/ast_validation.rs
index 8defd91c688..563bcda5190 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_ast_passes/src/ast_validation.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_ast_passes/src/ast_validation.rs
@@ -1054,12 +1054,14 @@ impl<'a> Visitor<'a> for AstValidator<'a> {
                 walk_list!(self, visit_attribute, &item.attrs);
                 return;
             }
-            ItemKind::Mod(Mod { inline, unsafety, .. }) => {
+            ItemKind::Mod(unsafety, ref mod_kind) => {
                 if let Unsafe::Yes(span) = unsafety {
                     self.err_handler().span_err(span, "module cannot be declared unsafe");
                 }
                 // Ensure that `path` attributes on modules are recorded as used (cf. issue #35584).
-                if !inline && !self.session.contains_name(&item.attrs, sym::path) {
+                if !matches!(mod_kind, ModKind::Loaded(_, Inline::Yes, _))
+                    && !self.session.contains_name(&item.attrs, sym::path)
+                {
                     self.check_mod_file_item_asciionly(item.ident);
                 }
             }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_ast_passes/src/node_count.rs b/compiler/rustc_ast_passes/src/node_count.rs
index 2971fa435c8..fb7e0d3450f 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_ast_passes/src/node_count.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_ast_passes/src/node_count.rs
@@ -20,10 +20,6 @@ impl<'ast> Visitor<'ast> for NodeCounter {
         self.count += 1;
         walk_ident(self, ident);
     }
-    fn visit_mod(&mut self, m: &Mod, _s: Span, _a: &[Attribute], _n: NodeId) {
-        self.count += 1;
-        walk_mod(self, m)
-    }
     fn visit_foreign_item(&mut self, i: &ForeignItem) {
         self.count += 1;
         walk_foreign_item(self, i)
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_ast_pretty/src/pprust/state.rs b/compiler/rustc_ast_pretty/src/pprust/state.rs
index 7f712643d19..82f6e936b76 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_ast_pretty/src/pprust/state.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_ast_pretty/src/pprust/state.rs
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ use rustc_ast::util::classify;
 use rustc_ast::util::comments::{gather_comments, Comment, CommentStyle};
 use rustc_ast::util::parser::{self, AssocOp, Fixity};
 use rustc_ast::{self as ast, BlockCheckMode, PatKind, RangeEnd, RangeSyntax};
-use rustc_ast::{GenericArg, MacArgs};
+use rustc_ast::{GenericArg, MacArgs, ModKind};
 use rustc_ast::{GenericBound, SelfKind, TraitBoundModifier};
 use rustc_ast::{InlineAsmOperand, InlineAsmRegOrRegClass};
 use rustc_ast::{InlineAsmOptions, InlineAsmTemplatePiece};
@@ -87,7 +87,6 @@ pub struct State<'a> {
     pub s: pp::Printer,
     comments: Option<Comments<'a>>,
     ann: &'a (dyn PpAnn + 'a),
-    is_expanded: bool,
 }
 
 crate const INDENT_UNIT: usize = 4;
@@ -103,12 +102,8 @@ pub fn print_crate<'a>(
     is_expanded: bool,
     edition: Edition,
 ) -> String {
-    let mut s = State {
-        s: pp::mk_printer(),
-        comments: Some(Comments::new(sm, filename, input)),
-        ann,
-        is_expanded,
-    };
+    let mut s =
+        State { s: pp::mk_printer(), comments: Some(Comments::new(sm, filename, input)), ann };
 
     if is_expanded && !krate.attrs.iter().any(|attr| attr.has_name(sym::no_core)) {
         // We need to print `#![no_std]` (and its feature gate) so that
@@ -132,7 +127,10 @@ pub fn print_crate<'a>(
         }
     }
 
-    s.print_mod(&krate.module, &krate.attrs);
+    s.print_inner_attributes(&krate.attrs);
+    for item in &krate.items {
+        s.print_item(item);
+    }
     s.print_remaining_comments();
     s.ann.post(&mut s, AnnNode::Crate(krate));
     s.s.eof()
@@ -853,7 +851,7 @@ impl<'a> PrintState<'a> for State<'a> {
 
 impl<'a> State<'a> {
     pub fn new() -> State<'a> {
-        State { s: pp::mk_printer(), comments: None, ann: &NoAnn, is_expanded: false }
+        State { s: pp::mk_printer(), comments: None, ann: &NoAnn }
     }
 
     // Synthesizes a comment that was not textually present in the original source
@@ -891,13 +889,6 @@ impl<'a> State<'a> {
         self.commasep_cmnt(b, exprs, |s, e| s.print_expr(e), |e| e.span)
     }
 
-    pub fn print_mod(&mut self, _mod: &ast::Mod, attrs: &[ast::Attribute]) {
-        self.print_inner_attributes(attrs);
-        for item in &_mod.items {
-            self.print_item(item);
-        }
-    }
-
     crate fn print_foreign_mod(&mut self, nmod: &ast::ForeignMod, attrs: &[ast::Attribute]) {
         self.print_inner_attributes(attrs);
         for item in &nmod.items {
@@ -1139,23 +1130,29 @@ impl<'a> State<'a> {
                 let body = body.as_deref();
                 self.print_fn_full(sig, item.ident, gen, &item.vis, def, body, &item.attrs);
             }
-            ast::ItemKind::Mod(ref _mod) => {
+            ast::ItemKind::Mod(unsafety, ref mod_kind) => {
                 self.head(self.to_string(|s| {
                     s.print_visibility(&item.vis);
-                    s.print_unsafety(_mod.unsafety);
+                    s.print_unsafety(unsafety);
                     s.word("mod");
                 }));
                 self.print_ident(item.ident);
 
-                if _mod.inline || self.is_expanded {
-                    self.nbsp();
-                    self.bopen();
-                    self.print_mod(_mod, &item.attrs);
-                    self.bclose(item.span);
-                } else {
-                    self.s.word(";");
-                    self.end(); // end inner head-block
-                    self.end(); // end outer head-block
+                match mod_kind {
+                    ModKind::Loaded(items, ..) => {
+                        self.nbsp();
+                        self.bopen();
+                        self.print_inner_attributes(&item.attrs);
+                        for item in items {
+                            self.print_item(item);
+                        }
+                        self.bclose(item.span);
+                    }
+                    ModKind::Unloaded => {
+                        self.s.word(";");
+                        self.end(); // end inner head-block
+                        self.end(); // end outer head-block
+                    }
                 }
             }
             ast::ItemKind::ForeignMod(ref nmod) => {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/proc_macro_harness.rs b/compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/proc_macro_harness.rs
index 7582d980539..71bbae1161b 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/proc_macro_harness.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/proc_macro_harness.rs
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ pub fn inject(
     }
 
     let decls = mk_decls(&mut krate, &mut cx, &macros);
-    krate.module.items.push(decls);
+    krate.items.push(decls);
 
     krate
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/standard_library_imports.rs b/compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/standard_library_imports.rs
index 91566ec1ef2..3a81d076dc5 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/standard_library_imports.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/standard_library_imports.rs
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ pub fn inject(
     // .rev() to preserve ordering above in combination with insert(0, ...)
     for &name in names.iter().rev() {
         let ident = if rust_2018 { Ident::new(name, span) } else { Ident::new(name, call_site) };
-        krate.module.items.insert(
+        krate.items.insert(
             0,
             cx.item(
                 span,
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ pub fn inject(
         })),
     );
 
-    krate.module.items.insert(0, use_item);
+    krate.items.insert(0, use_item);
 
     krate
 }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/test_harness.rs b/compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/test_harness.rs
index 4ac22be3c27..28e82597843 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/test_harness.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_builtin_macros/src/test_harness.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 // Code that generates a test runner to run all the tests in a crate
 
 use rustc_ast as ast;
-use rustc_ast::attr;
 use rustc_ast::entry::EntryPointType;
 use rustc_ast::mut_visit::{ExpectOne, *};
 use rustc_ast::ptr::P;
+use rustc_ast::{attr, ModKind};
 use rustc_expand::base::{ExtCtxt, ResolverExpand};
 use rustc_expand::expand::{AstFragment, ExpansionConfig};
 use rustc_feature::Features;
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ impl<'a> MutVisitor for TestHarnessGenerator<'a> {
         noop_visit_crate(c, self);
 
         // Create a main function to run our tests
-        c.module.items.push(mk_main(&mut self.cx));
+        c.items.push(mk_main(&mut self.cx));
     }
 
     fn flat_map_item(&mut self, i: P<ast::Item>) -> SmallVec<[P<ast::Item>; 1]> {
@@ -103,9 +103,9 @@ impl<'a> MutVisitor for TestHarnessGenerator<'a> {
 
         // We don't want to recurse into anything other than mods, since
         // mods or tests inside of functions will break things
-        if let ast::ItemKind::Mod(mut module) = item.kind {
+        if let ast::ItemKind::Mod(..) = item.kind {
             let tests = mem::take(&mut self.tests);
-            noop_visit_mod(&mut module, self);
+            noop_visit_item_kind(&mut item.kind, self);
             let mut tests = mem::replace(&mut self.tests, tests);
 
             if !tests.is_empty() {
@@ -113,8 +113,12 @@ impl<'a> MutVisitor for TestHarnessGenerator<'a> {
                     if item.id == ast::DUMMY_NODE_ID { ast::CRATE_NODE_ID } else { item.id };
                 // Create an identifier that will hygienically resolve the test
                 // case name, even in another module.
+                let inner_span = match item.kind {
+                    ast::ItemKind::Mod(_, ModKind::Loaded(.., span)) => span,
+                    _ => unreachable!(),
+                };
                 let expn_id = self.cx.ext_cx.resolver.expansion_for_ast_pass(
-                    module.inner,
+                    inner_span,
                     AstPass::TestHarness,
                     &[],
                     Some(parent),
@@ -126,7 +130,6 @@ impl<'a> MutVisitor for TestHarnessGenerator<'a> {
                 }
                 self.cx.test_cases.extend(tests);
             }
-            item.kind = ast::ItemKind::Mod(module);
         }
         smallvec![P(item)]
     }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_expand/src/config.rs b/compiler/rustc_expand/src/config.rs
index b07bce94870..ad04fa9a958 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_expand/src/config.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_expand/src/config.rs
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ pub fn features(sess: &Session, mut krate: ast::Crate) -> (ast::Crate, Features)
         None => {
             // The entire crate is unconfigured.
             krate.attrs = Vec::new();
-            krate.module.items = Vec::new();
+            krate.items = Vec::new();
             Features::default()
         }
         Some(attrs) => {
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_expand/src/expand.rs b/compiler/rustc_expand/src/expand.rs
index f23e3b9f747..5a4737842f0 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_expand/src/expand.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_expand/src/expand.rs
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@ use rustc_ast::ptr::P;
 use rustc_ast::token;
 use rustc_ast::tokenstream::TokenStream;
 use rustc_ast::visit::{self, AssocCtxt, Visitor};
-use rustc_ast::{AttrItem, AttrStyle, Block, ItemKind, LitKind, MacArgs};
-use rustc_ast::{MacCallStmt, MacStmtStyle, MetaItemKind, NestedMetaItem};
+use rustc_ast::{AttrItem, AttrStyle, Block, Inline, ItemKind, LitKind, MacArgs};
+use rustc_ast::{MacCallStmt, MacStmtStyle, MetaItemKind, ModKind, NestedMetaItem};
 use rustc_ast::{NodeId, PatKind, Path, StmtKind, Unsafe};
 use rustc_ast_pretty::pprust;
 use rustc_attr::{self as attr, is_builtin_attr, HasAttrs};
@@ -350,6 +350,8 @@ impl<'a, 'b> MacroExpander<'a, 'b> {
         MacroExpander { cx, monotonic }
     }
 
+    // FIXME: Avoid visiting the crate as a `Mod` item,
+    // make crate a first class expansion target instead.
     pub fn expand_crate(&mut self, mut krate: ast::Crate) -> ast::Crate {
         let mut module = ModuleData {
             mod_path: vec![Ident::from_str(&self.cx.ecfg.crate_name)],
@@ -362,12 +364,13 @@ impl<'a, 'b> MacroExpander<'a, 'b> {
         self.cx.root_path = module.directory.clone();
         self.cx.current_expansion.module = Rc::new(module);
 
-        let orig_mod_span = krate.module.inner;
-
         let krate_item = AstFragment::Items(smallvec![P(ast::Item {
             attrs: krate.attrs,
             span: krate.span,
-            kind: ast::ItemKind::Mod(krate.module),
+            kind: ast::ItemKind::Mod(
+                Unsafe::No,
+                ModKind::Loaded(krate.items, Inline::Yes, krate.span)
+            ),
             ident: Ident::invalid(),
             id: ast::DUMMY_NODE_ID,
             vis: ast::Visibility {
@@ -379,28 +382,22 @@ impl<'a, 'b> MacroExpander<'a, 'b> {
         })]);
 
         match self.fully_expand_fragment(krate_item).make_items().pop().map(P::into_inner) {
-            Some(ast::Item { attrs, kind: ast::ItemKind::Mod(module), .. }) => {
+            Some(ast::Item {
+                attrs,
+                kind: ast::ItemKind::Mod(_, ModKind::Loaded(items, ..)),
+                ..
+            }) => {
                 krate.attrs = attrs;
-                krate.module = module;
+                krate.items = items;
             }
             None => {
                 // Resolution failed so we return an empty expansion
                 krate.attrs = vec![];
-                krate.module = ast::Mod {
-                    inner: orig_mod_span,
-                    unsafety: Unsafe::No,
-                    items: vec![],
-                    inline: true,
-                };
+                krate.items = vec![];
             }
             Some(ast::Item { span, kind, .. }) => {
                 krate.attrs = vec![];
-                krate.module = ast::Mod {
-                    inner: orig_mod_span,
-                    unsafety: Unsafe::No,
-                    items: vec![],
-                    inline: true,
-                };
+                krate.items = vec![];
                 self.cx.span_err(
                     span,
                     &format!(
@@ -814,7 +811,9 @@ impl<'a, 'b> MacroExpander<'a, 'b> {
         impl<'ast, 'a> Visitor<'ast> for GateProcMacroInput<'a> {
             fn visit_item(&mut self, item: &'ast ast::Item) {
                 match &item.kind {
-                    ast::ItemKind::Mod(module) if !module.inline => {
+                    ast::ItemKind::Mod(_, mod_kind)
+                        if !matches!(mod_kind, ModKind::Loaded(_, Inline::Yes, _)) =>
+                    {
                         feature_err(
                             self.parse_sess,
                             sym::proc_macro_hygiene,
@@ -1271,52 +1270,47 @@ impl<'a, 'b> MutVisitor for InvocationCollector<'a, 'b> {
                     _ => unreachable!(),
                 })
             }
-            ast::ItemKind::Mod(ref mut old_mod @ ast::Mod { .. }) if ident != Ident::invalid() => {
+            ast::ItemKind::Mod(_, ref mut mod_kind) if ident != Ident::invalid() => {
                 let sess = &self.cx.sess.parse_sess;
                 let orig_ownership = self.cx.current_expansion.directory_ownership;
                 let mut module = (*self.cx.current_expansion.module).clone();
 
                 let pushed = &mut false; // Record `parse_external_mod` pushing so we can pop.
                 let dir = Directory { ownership: orig_ownership, path: module.directory };
-                let Directory { ownership, path } = if old_mod.inline {
-                    // Inline `mod foo { ... }`, but we still need to push directories.
-                    item.attrs = attrs;
-                    push_directory(&self.cx.sess, ident, &item.attrs, dir)
-                } else {
-                    // We have an outline `mod foo;` so we need to parse the file.
-                    let (new_mod, dir) = parse_external_mod(
-                        &self.cx.sess,
-                        ident,
-                        span,
-                        old_mod.unsafety,
-                        dir,
-                        &mut attrs,
-                        pushed,
-                    );
-
-                    let krate = ast::Crate {
-                        span: new_mod.inner,
-                        module: new_mod,
-                        attrs,
-                        proc_macros: vec![],
-                    };
-                    if let Some(extern_mod_loaded) = self.cx.extern_mod_loaded {
-                        extern_mod_loaded(&krate, ident);
+                let Directory { ownership, path } = match mod_kind {
+                    ModKind::Loaded(_, Inline::Yes, _) => {
+                        // Inline `mod foo { ... }`, but we still need to push directories.
+                        item.attrs = attrs;
+                        push_directory(&self.cx.sess, ident, &item.attrs, dir)
+                    }
+                    ModKind::Loaded(_, Inline::No, _) => {
+                        panic!("`mod` item is loaded from a file for the second time")
                     }
+                    ModKind::Unloaded => {
+                        // We have an outline `mod foo;` so we need to parse the file.
+                        let (items, inner_span, dir) =
+                            parse_external_mod(&self.cx.sess, ident, span, dir, &mut attrs, pushed);
+
+                        let krate =
+                            ast::Crate { attrs, items, span: inner_span, proc_macros: vec![] };
+                        if let Some(extern_mod_loaded) = self.cx.extern_mod_loaded {
+                            extern_mod_loaded(&krate, ident);
+                        }
 
-                    *old_mod = krate.module;
-                    item.attrs = krate.attrs;
-                    // File can have inline attributes, e.g., `#![cfg(...)]` & co. => Reconfigure.
-                    item = match self.configure(item) {
-                        Some(node) => node,
-                        None => {
-                            if *pushed {
-                                sess.included_mod_stack.borrow_mut().pop();
+                        *mod_kind = ModKind::Loaded(krate.items, Inline::No, inner_span);
+                        item.attrs = krate.attrs;
+                        // File can have inline attributes, e.g., `#![cfg(...)]` & co. => Reconfigure.
+                        item = match self.configure(item) {
+                            Some(node) => node,
+                            None => {
+                                if *pushed {
+                                    sess.included_mod_stack.borrow_mut().pop();
+                                }
+                                return Default::default();
                             }
-                            return Default::default();
-                        }
-                    };
-                    dir
+                        };
+                        dir
+                    }
                 };
 
                 // Set the module info before we flat map.
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_expand/src/module.rs b/compiler/rustc_expand/src/module.rs
index 171cb3fa8e6..076d3b02be9 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_expand/src/module.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_expand/src/module.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-use rustc_ast::{token, Attribute, Mod, Unsafe};
+use rustc_ast::ptr::P;
+use rustc_ast::{token, Attribute, Item};
 use rustc_errors::{struct_span_err, PResult};
 use rustc_parse::new_parser_from_file;
 use rustc_session::parse::ParseSess;
@@ -42,11 +43,10 @@ crate fn parse_external_mod(
     sess: &Session,
     id: Ident,
     span: Span, // The span to blame on errors.
-    unsafety: Unsafe,
     Directory { mut ownership, path }: Directory,
     attrs: &mut Vec<Attribute>,
     pop_mod_stack: &mut bool,
-) -> (Mod, Directory) {
+) -> (Vec<P<Item>>, Span, Directory) {
     // We bail on the first error, but that error does not cause a fatal error... (1)
     let result: PResult<'_, _> = try {
         // Extract the file path and the new ownership.
@@ -62,26 +62,22 @@ crate fn parse_external_mod(
 
         // Actually parse the external file as a module.
         let mut parser = new_parser_from_file(&sess.parse_sess, &mp.path, Some(span));
-        let mut module = parser.parse_mod(&token::Eof, unsafety)?;
-        module.0.inline = false;
-        module
+        let (mut inner_attrs, items, inner_span) = parser.parse_mod(&token::Eof)?;
+        attrs.append(&mut inner_attrs);
+        (items, inner_span)
     };
     // (1) ...instead, we return a dummy module.
-    let (module, mut new_attrs) = result.map_err(|mut err| err.emit()).unwrap_or_else(|_| {
-        let module = Mod { inner: Span::default(), unsafety, items: Vec::new(), inline: false };
-        (module, Vec::new())
-    });
-    attrs.append(&mut new_attrs);
+    let (items, inner_span) = result.map_err(|mut err| err.emit()).unwrap_or_default();
 
-    // Extract the directory path for submodules of `module`.
-    let path = sess.source_map().span_to_unmapped_path(module.inner);
+    // Extract the directory path for submodules of  the module.
+    let path = sess.source_map().span_to_unmapped_path(inner_span);
     let mut path = match path {
         FileName::Real(name) => name.into_local_path(),
         other => PathBuf::from(other.to_string()),
     };
     path.pop();
 
-    (module, Directory { ownership, path })
+    (items, inner_span, Directory { ownership, path })
 }
 
 fn error_on_circular_module<'a>(
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_expand/src/mut_visit/tests.rs b/compiler/rustc_expand/src/mut_visit/tests.rs
index be0300bad98..7e7155ad278 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_expand/src/mut_visit/tests.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_expand/src/mut_visit/tests.rs
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ use rustc_span::symbol::Ident;
 use rustc_span::with_default_session_globals;
 
 // This version doesn't care about getting comments or doc-strings in.
-fn fake_print_crate(s: &mut pprust::State<'_>, krate: &ast::Crate) {
-    s.print_mod(&krate.module, &krate.attrs)
+fn print_crate_items(krate: &ast::Crate) -> String {
+    krate.items.iter().map(|i| pprust::item_to_string(i)).collect::<Vec<_>>().join(" ")
 }
 
 // Change every identifier to "zz".
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ fn ident_transformation() {
         assert_pred!(
             matches_codepattern,
             "matches_codepattern",
-            pprust::to_string(|s| fake_print_crate(s, &krate)),
+            print_crate_items(&krate),
             "#[zz]mod zz{fn zz(zz:zz,zz:zz){zz!(zz,zz,zz);zz;zz}}".to_string()
         );
     })
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ fn ident_transformation_in_defs() {
         assert_pred!(
             matches_codepattern,
             "matches_codepattern",
-            pprust::to_string(|s| fake_print_crate(s, &krate)),
+            print_crate_items(&krate),
             "macro_rules! zz{(zz$zz:zz$(zz $zz:zz)zz+=>(zz$(zz$zz$zz)+))}".to_string()
         );
     })
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_expand/src/parse/tests.rs b/compiler/rustc_expand/src/parse/tests.rs
index f4fcaf5c0a4..56f25ffdb01 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_expand/src/parse/tests.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_expand/src/parse/tests.rs
@@ -309,8 +309,8 @@ fn out_of_line_mod() {
         .unwrap()
         .unwrap();
 
-        if let ast::ItemKind::Mod(ref m) = item.kind {
-            assert!(m.items.len() == 2);
+        if let ast::ItemKind::Mod(_, ref mod_kind) = item.kind {
+            assert!(matches!(mod_kind, ast::ModKind::Loaded(items, ..) if items.len() == 2));
         } else {
             panic!();
         }
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_hir/src/hir.rs b/compiler/rustc_hir/src/hir.rs
index 59b7266ce48..4df8c44e62b 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_hir/src/hir.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_hir/src/hir.rs
@@ -616,7 +616,7 @@ pub struct WhereEqPredicate<'hir> {
     pub rhs_ty: &'hir Ty<'hir>,
 }
 
-#[derive(Encodable, Debug, HashStable_Generic)]
+#[derive(Default, Encodable, Debug, HashStable_Generic)]
 pub struct ModuleItems {
     // Use BTreeSets here so items are in the same order as in the
     // list of all items in Crate
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/early.rs b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/early.rs
index 231edf442eb..cc3bf4095fd 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/early.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/early.rs
@@ -188,13 +188,6 @@ impl<'a, T: EarlyLintPass> ast_visit::Visitor<'a> for EarlyContextAndPass<'a, T>
         run_early_pass!(self, check_ident, ident);
     }
 
-    fn visit_mod(&mut self, m: &'a ast::Mod, s: Span, _a: &[ast::Attribute], n: ast::NodeId) {
-        run_early_pass!(self, check_mod, m, s, n);
-        self.check_id(n);
-        ast_visit::walk_mod(self, m);
-        run_early_pass!(self, check_mod_post, m, s, n);
-    }
-
     fn visit_local(&mut self, l: &'a ast::Local) {
         self.with_lint_attrs(l.id, &l.attrs, |cx| {
             run_early_pass!(cx, check_local, l);
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/passes.rs b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/passes.rs
index 828f283d2a9..ffbed3a0aff 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_lint/src/passes.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_lint/src/passes.rs
@@ -160,8 +160,6 @@ macro_rules! early_lint_methods {
             fn check_ident(a: Ident);
             fn check_crate(a: &ast::Crate);
             fn check_crate_post(a: &ast::Crate);
-            fn check_mod(a: &ast::Mod, b: Span, c: ast::NodeId);
-            fn check_mod_post(a: &ast::Mod, b: Span, c: ast::NodeId);
             fn check_foreign_item(a: &ast::ForeignItem);
             fn check_foreign_item_post(a: &ast::ForeignItem);
             fn check_item(a: &ast::Item);
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/item.rs b/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/item.rs
index cdea82f50ed..0f907859a19 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/item.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_parse/src/parser/item.rs
@@ -25,11 +25,9 @@ use tracing::debug;
 impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
     /// Parses a source module as a crate. This is the main entry point for the parser.
     pub fn parse_crate_mod(&mut self) -> PResult<'a, ast::Crate> {
-        let lo = self.token.span;
-        let (module, attrs) = self.parse_mod(&token::Eof, Unsafe::No)?;
-        let span = lo.to(self.token.span);
+        let (attrs, items, span) = self.parse_mod(&token::Eof)?;
         let proc_macros = Vec::new(); // Filled in by `proc_macro_harness::inject()`.
-        Ok(ast::Crate { attrs, module, span, proc_macros })
+        Ok(ast::Crate { attrs, items, span, proc_macros })
     }
 
     /// Parses a `mod <foo> { ... }` or `mod <foo>;` item.
@@ -37,35 +35,26 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
         let unsafety = self.parse_unsafety();
         self.expect_keyword(kw::Mod)?;
         let id = self.parse_ident()?;
-        let (module, mut inner_attrs) = if self.eat(&token::Semi) {
-            (Mod { inner: Span::default(), unsafety, items: Vec::new(), inline: false }, Vec::new())
+        let mod_kind = if self.eat(&token::Semi) {
+            ModKind::Unloaded
         } else {
             self.expect(&token::OpenDelim(token::Brace))?;
-            self.parse_mod(&token::CloseDelim(token::Brace), unsafety)?
+            let (mut inner_attrs, items, inner_span) =
+                self.parse_mod(&token::CloseDelim(token::Brace))?;
+            attrs.append(&mut inner_attrs);
+            ModKind::Loaded(items, Inline::Yes, inner_span)
         };
-        attrs.append(&mut inner_attrs);
-        Ok((id, ItemKind::Mod(module)))
+        Ok((id, ItemKind::Mod(unsafety, mod_kind)))
     }
 
     /// Parses the contents of a module (inner attributes followed by module items).
     pub fn parse_mod(
         &mut self,
         term: &TokenKind,
-        unsafety: Unsafe,
-    ) -> PResult<'a, (Mod, Vec<Attribute>)> {
+    ) -> PResult<'a, (Vec<Attribute>, Vec<P<Item>>, Span)> {
         let lo = self.token.span;
         let attrs = self.parse_inner_attributes()?;
-        let module = self.parse_mod_items(term, lo, unsafety)?;
-        Ok((module, attrs))
-    }
 
-    /// Given a termination token, parses all of the items in a module.
-    fn parse_mod_items(
-        &mut self,
-        term: &TokenKind,
-        inner_lo: Span,
-        unsafety: Unsafe,
-    ) -> PResult<'a, Mod> {
         let mut items = vec![];
         while let Some(item) = self.parse_item(ForceCollect::No)? {
             items.push(item);
@@ -82,9 +71,7 @@ impl<'a> Parser<'a> {
             }
         }
 
-        let hi = if self.token.span.is_dummy() { inner_lo } else { self.prev_token.span };
-
-        Ok(Mod { inner: inner_lo.to(hi), unsafety, items, inline: true })
+        Ok((attrs, items, lo.to(self.prev_token.span)))
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_passes/src/hir_stats.rs b/compiler/rustc_passes/src/hir_stats.rs
index 8d5a5bdf6b7..fac28281593 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_passes/src/hir_stats.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_passes/src/hir_stats.rs
@@ -124,11 +124,6 @@ impl<'v> hir_visit::Visitor<'v> for StatCollector<'v> {
         hir_visit::walk_item(self, i)
     }
 
-    fn visit_mod(&mut self, m: &'v hir::Mod<'v>, _s: Span, n: hir::HirId) {
-        self.record("Mod", Id::None, m);
-        hir_visit::walk_mod(self, m, n)
-    }
-
     fn visit_foreign_item(&mut self, i: &'v hir::ForeignItem<'v>) {
         self.record("ForeignItem", Id::Node(i.hir_id()), i);
         hir_visit::walk_foreign_item(self, i)
@@ -252,11 +247,6 @@ impl<'v> hir_visit::Visitor<'v> for StatCollector<'v> {
 }
 
 impl<'v> ast_visit::Visitor<'v> for StatCollector<'v> {
-    fn visit_mod(&mut self, m: &'v ast::Mod, _s: Span, _a: &[ast::Attribute], _n: NodeId) {
-        self.record("Mod", Id::None, m);
-        ast_visit::walk_mod(self, m)
-    }
-
     fn visit_foreign_item(&mut self, i: &'v ast::ForeignItem) {
         self.record("ForeignItem", Id::None, i);
         ast_visit::walk_foreign_item(self, i)
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_resolve/src/late.rs b/compiler/rustc_resolve/src/late.rs
index cca40a793dd..09ab84eaeb6 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_resolve/src/late.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_resolve/src/late.rs
@@ -1023,7 +1023,7 @@ impl<'a: 'ast, 'b, 'ast> LateResolutionVisitor<'a, 'b, 'ast> {
                 });
             }
 
-            ItemKind::Mod(_) | ItemKind::ForeignMod(_) => {
+            ItemKind::Mod(..) | ItemKind::ForeignMod(_) => {
                 self.with_scope(item.id, |this| {
                     visit::walk_item(this, item);
                 });
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_resolve/src/lib.rs b/compiler/rustc_resolve/src/lib.rs
index bca3c7b1b03..77fbbaa1532 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_resolve/src/lib.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_resolve/src/lib.rs
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #![doc(html_root_url = "https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/nightly-rustc/")]
 #![feature(box_patterns)]
 #![feature(bool_to_option)]
+#![feature(control_flow_enum)]
 #![feature(crate_visibility_modifier)]
 #![feature(format_args_capture)]
 #![feature(nll)]
@@ -23,11 +24,12 @@ use Determinacy::*;
 
 use rustc_arena::{DroplessArena, TypedArena};
 use rustc_ast::node_id::NodeMap;
+use rustc_ast::ptr::P;
 use rustc_ast::unwrap_or;
 use rustc_ast::visit::{self, Visitor};
 use rustc_ast::{self as ast, NodeId};
 use rustc_ast::{Crate, CRATE_NODE_ID};
-use rustc_ast::{ItemKind, Path};
+use rustc_ast::{ItemKind, ModKind, Path};
 use rustc_ast_lowering::ResolverAstLowering;
 use rustc_ast_pretty::pprust;
 use rustc_data_structures::fx::{FxHashMap, FxHashSet, FxIndexMap};
@@ -59,6 +61,7 @@ use rustc_span::{Span, DUMMY_SP};
 use smallvec::{smallvec, SmallVec};
 use std::cell::{Cell, RefCell};
 use std::collections::BTreeSet;
+use std::ops::ControlFlow;
 use std::{cmp, fmt, iter, ptr};
 use tracing::debug;
 
@@ -283,28 +286,21 @@ struct UsePlacementFinder {
 impl UsePlacementFinder {
     fn check(krate: &Crate, target_module: NodeId) -> (Option<Span>, bool) {
         let mut finder = UsePlacementFinder { target_module, span: None, found_use: false };
-        visit::walk_crate(&mut finder, krate);
+        if let ControlFlow::Continue(..) = finder.check_mod(&krate.items, CRATE_NODE_ID) {
+            visit::walk_crate(&mut finder, krate);
+        }
         (finder.span, finder.found_use)
     }
-}
 
-impl<'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for UsePlacementFinder {
-    fn visit_mod(
-        &mut self,
-        module: &'tcx ast::Mod,
-        _: Span,
-        _: &[ast::Attribute],
-        node_id: NodeId,
-    ) {
+    fn check_mod(&mut self, items: &[P<ast::Item>], node_id: NodeId) -> ControlFlow<()> {
         if self.span.is_some() {
-            return;
+            return ControlFlow::Break(());
         }
         if node_id != self.target_module {
-            visit::walk_mod(self, module);
-            return;
+            return ControlFlow::Continue(());
         }
         // find a use statement
-        for item in &module.items {
+        for item in items {
             match item.kind {
                 ItemKind::Use(..) => {
                     // don't suggest placing a use before the prelude
@@ -312,7 +308,7 @@ impl<'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for UsePlacementFinder {
                     if !item.span.from_expansion() {
                         self.span = Some(item.span.shrink_to_lo());
                         self.found_use = true;
-                        return;
+                        return ControlFlow::Break(());
                     }
                 }
                 // don't place use before extern crate
@@ -337,6 +333,18 @@ impl<'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for UsePlacementFinder {
                 }
             }
         }
+        ControlFlow::Continue(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'tcx> Visitor<'tcx> for UsePlacementFinder {
+    fn visit_item(&mut self, item: &'tcx ast::Item) {
+        if let ItemKind::Mod(_, ModKind::Loaded(items, ..)) = &item.kind {
+            if let ControlFlow::Break(..) = self.check_mod(items, item.id) {
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+        visit::walk_item(self, item);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/test/ui/ast-json/ast-json-noexpand-output.stdout b/src/test/ui/ast-json/ast-json-noexpand-output.stdout
index 02342af8dc5..0307875c154 100644
--- a/src/test/ui/ast-json/ast-json-noexpand-output.stdout
+++ b/src/test/ui/ast-json/ast-json-noexpand-output.stdout
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"module":{"inner":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"unsafety":"No","items":[{"attrs":[],"id":0,"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"vis":{"kind":"Inherited","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"tokens":null},"ident":{"name":"core","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"kind":{"variant":"ExternCrate","fields":[null]},"tokens":null}],"inline":true},"attrs":[{"kind":{"variant":"Normal","fields":[{"path":{"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"segments":[{"ident":{"name":"crate_type","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"id":0,"args":null}],"tokens":null},"args":{"variant":"Eq","fields":[{"lo":0,"hi":0},{"kind":{"variant":"Interpolated","fields":[{"variant":"NtExpr","fields":[{"id":0,"kind":{"variant":"Lit","fields":[{"token":{"kind":"Str","symbol":"lib","suffix":null},"kind":{"variant":"Str","fields":["lib","Cooked"]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"attrs":{"0":null},"tokens":{"0":[[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":{"variant":"Literal","fields":[{"kind":"Str","symbol":"lib","suffix":null}]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"]]}}]}]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"tokens":null},{"0":[[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":"Pound","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Joint"],[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":"Not","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"],[{"variant":"Delimited","fields":[{"open":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"close":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"Bracket",{"0":[[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":{"variant":"Ident","fields":["crate_type",false]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"],[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":"Eq","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"],[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":{"variant":"Literal","fields":[{"kind":"Str","symbol":"lib","suffix":null}]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"]]}]},"Alone"]]}]},"id":null,"style":"Inner","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}],"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"proc_macros":[]}
+{"attrs":[{"kind":{"variant":"Normal","fields":[{"path":{"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"segments":[{"ident":{"name":"crate_type","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"id":0,"args":null}],"tokens":null},"args":{"variant":"Eq","fields":[{"lo":0,"hi":0},{"kind":{"variant":"Interpolated","fields":[{"variant":"NtExpr","fields":[{"id":0,"kind":{"variant":"Lit","fields":[{"token":{"kind":"Str","symbol":"lib","suffix":null},"kind":{"variant":"Str","fields":["lib","Cooked"]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"attrs":{"0":null},"tokens":{"0":[[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":{"variant":"Literal","fields":[{"kind":"Str","symbol":"lib","suffix":null}]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"]]}}]}]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"tokens":null},{"0":[[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":"Pound","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Joint"],[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":"Not","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"],[{"variant":"Delimited","fields":[{"open":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"close":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"Bracket",{"0":[[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":{"variant":"Ident","fields":["crate_type",false]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"],[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":"Eq","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"],[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":{"variant":"Literal","fields":[{"kind":"Str","symbol":"lib","suffix":null}]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"]]}]},"Alone"]]}]},"id":null,"style":"Inner","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}],"items":[{"attrs":[],"id":0,"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"vis":{"kind":"Inherited","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"tokens":null},"ident":{"name":"core","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"kind":{"variant":"ExternCrate","fields":[null]},"tokens":null}],"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"proc_macros":[]}
diff --git a/src/test/ui/ast-json/ast-json-output.stdout b/src/test/ui/ast-json/ast-json-output.stdout
index 235f39c567b..d26530efe3e 100644
--- a/src/test/ui/ast-json/ast-json-output.stdout
+++ b/src/test/ui/ast-json/ast-json-output.stdout
@@ -1 +1 @@
-{"module":{"inner":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"unsafety":"No","items":[{"attrs":[{"kind":{"variant":"Normal","fields":[{"path":{"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"segments":[{"ident":{"name":"prelude_import","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"id":0,"args":null}],"tokens":null},"args":"Empty","tokens":null},null]},"id":null,"style":"Outer","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}],"id":0,"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"vis":{"kind":"Inherited","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"tokens":null},"ident":{"name":"","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"kind":{"variant":"Use","fields":[{"prefix":{"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"segments":[{"ident":{"name":"{{root}}","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"id":0,"args":null},{"ident":{"name":"std","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"id":0,"args":null},{"ident":{"name":"prelude","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"id":0,"args":null},{"ident":{"name":"v1","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"id":0,"args":null}],"tokens":null},"kind":"Glob","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"tokens":null},{"attrs":[{"kind":{"variant":"Normal","fields":[{"path":{"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"segments":[{"ident":{"name":"macro_use","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"id":0,"args":null}],"tokens":null},"args":"Empty","tokens":null},null]},"id":null,"style":"Outer","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}],"id":0,"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"vis":{"kind":"Inherited","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"tokens":null},"ident":{"name":"std","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"kind":{"variant":"ExternCrate","fields":[null]},"tokens":null},{"attrs":[],"id":0,"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"vis":{"kind":"Inherited","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"tokens":null},"ident":{"name":"core","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"kind":{"variant":"ExternCrate","fields":[null]},"tokens":null}],"inline":true},"attrs":[{"kind":{"variant":"Normal","fields":[{"path":{"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"segments":[{"ident":{"name":"crate_type","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"id":0,"args":null}],"tokens":null},"args":{"variant":"Eq","fields":[{"lo":0,"hi":0},{"kind":{"variant":"Interpolated","fields":[{"variant":"NtExpr","fields":[{"id":0,"kind":{"variant":"Lit","fields":[{"token":{"kind":"Str","symbol":"lib","suffix":null},"kind":{"variant":"Str","fields":["lib","Cooked"]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"attrs":{"0":null},"tokens":{"0":[[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":{"variant":"Literal","fields":[{"kind":"Str","symbol":"lib","suffix":null}]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"]]}}]}]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"tokens":null},{"0":[[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":"Pound","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Joint"],[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":"Not","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"],[{"variant":"Delimited","fields":[{"open":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"close":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"Bracket",{"0":[[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":{"variant":"Ident","fields":["crate_type",false]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"],[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":"Eq","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"],[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":{"variant":"Literal","fields":[{"kind":"Str","symbol":"lib","suffix":null}]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"]]}]},"Alone"]]}]},"id":null,"style":"Inner","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}],"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"proc_macros":[]}
+{"attrs":[{"kind":{"variant":"Normal","fields":[{"path":{"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"segments":[{"ident":{"name":"crate_type","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"id":0,"args":null}],"tokens":null},"args":{"variant":"Eq","fields":[{"lo":0,"hi":0},{"kind":{"variant":"Interpolated","fields":[{"variant":"NtExpr","fields":[{"id":0,"kind":{"variant":"Lit","fields":[{"token":{"kind":"Str","symbol":"lib","suffix":null},"kind":{"variant":"Str","fields":["lib","Cooked"]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"attrs":{"0":null},"tokens":{"0":[[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":{"variant":"Literal","fields":[{"kind":"Str","symbol":"lib","suffix":null}]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"]]}}]}]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"tokens":null},{"0":[[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":"Pound","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Joint"],[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":"Not","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"],[{"variant":"Delimited","fields":[{"open":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"close":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"Bracket",{"0":[[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":{"variant":"Ident","fields":["crate_type",false]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"],[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":"Eq","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"],[{"variant":"Token","fields":[{"kind":{"variant":"Literal","fields":[{"kind":"Str","symbol":"lib","suffix":null}]},"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"Alone"]]}]},"Alone"]]}]},"id":null,"style":"Inner","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}],"items":[{"attrs":[{"kind":{"variant":"Normal","fields":[{"path":{"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"segments":[{"ident":{"name":"prelude_import","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"id":0,"args":null}],"tokens":null},"args":"Empty","tokens":null},null]},"id":null,"style":"Outer","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}],"id":0,"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"vis":{"kind":"Inherited","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"tokens":null},"ident":{"name":"","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"kind":{"variant":"Use","fields":[{"prefix":{"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"segments":[{"ident":{"name":"{{root}}","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"id":0,"args":null},{"ident":{"name":"std","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"id":0,"args":null},{"ident":{"name":"prelude","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"id":0,"args":null},{"ident":{"name":"v1","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"id":0,"args":null}],"tokens":null},"kind":"Glob","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}]},"tokens":null},{"attrs":[{"kind":{"variant":"Normal","fields":[{"path":{"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"segments":[{"ident":{"name":"macro_use","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"id":0,"args":null}],"tokens":null},"args":"Empty","tokens":null},null]},"id":null,"style":"Outer","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}}],"id":0,"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"vis":{"kind":"Inherited","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"tokens":null},"ident":{"name":"std","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"kind":{"variant":"ExternCrate","fields":[null]},"tokens":null},{"attrs":[],"id":0,"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"vis":{"kind":"Inherited","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"tokens":null},"ident":{"name":"core","span":{"lo":0,"hi":0}},"kind":{"variant":"ExternCrate","fields":[null]},"tokens":null}],"span":{"lo":0,"hi":0},"proc_macros":[]}
diff --git a/src/test/ui/issues/issue-49040.stderr b/src/test/ui/issues/issue-49040.stderr
index 4134d6aa544..56befe3a0a7 100644
--- a/src/test/ui/issues/issue-49040.stderr
+++ b/src/test/ui/issues/issue-49040.stderr
@@ -7,10 +7,8 @@ LL | #![allow(unused_variables)];
 error[E0601]: `main` function not found in crate `issue_49040`
   --> $DIR/issue-49040.rs:1:1
    |
-LL | / #![allow(unused_variables)];
-LL | |
-LL | | fn foo() {}
-   | |__^ consider adding a `main` function to `$DIR/issue-49040.rs`
+LL | #![allow(unused_variables)];
+   | ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ consider adding a `main` function to `$DIR/issue-49040.rs`
 
 error: aborting due to 2 previous errors
 
diff --git a/src/tools/clippy/clippy_lints/src/utils/ast_utils.rs b/src/tools/clippy/clippy_lints/src/utils/ast_utils.rs
index 64232646972..9ff7ef7cc3b 100644
--- a/src/tools/clippy/clippy_lints/src/utils/ast_utils.rs
+++ b/src/tools/clippy/clippy_lints/src/utils/ast_utils.rs
@@ -241,9 +241,12 @@ pub fn eq_item_kind(l: &ItemKind, r: &ItemKind) -> bool {
                 && eq_generics(lg, rg)
                 && both(lb, rb, |l, r| eq_block(l, r))
         }
-        (Mod(l), Mod(r)) => {
-            l.inline == r.inline && over(&l.items, &r.items, |l, r| eq_item(l, r, eq_item_kind))
-        }
+        (Mod(lu, lmk), Mod(ru, rmk)) => lu == ru && match (lmk, rmk) {
+            (ModKind::Loaded(litems, linline, _), ModKind::Loaded(ritems, rinline, _)) =>
+                linline == rinline && over(litems, ritems, |l, r| eq_item(l, r, eq_item_kind)),
+            (ModKind::Unloaded, ModKind::Unloaded) => true,
+            _ => false,
+        },
         (ForeignMod(l), ForeignMod(r)) => {
             both(&l.abi, &r.abi, |l, r| eq_str_lit(l, r))
                 && over(&l.items, &r.items, |l, r| eq_item(l, r, eq_foreign_item_kind))