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-rw-r--r--clippy_dev/src/utils.rs650
1 files changed, 567 insertions, 83 deletions
diff --git a/clippy_dev/src/utils.rs b/clippy_dev/src/utils.rs
index 206816398f5..ae2eabc45dd 100644
--- a/clippy_dev/src/utils.rs
+++ b/clippy_dev/src/utils.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,113 @@
+use aho_corasick::{AhoCorasick, AhoCorasickBuilder};
+use core::fmt::{self, Display};
+use core::slice;
+use core::str::FromStr;
+use rustc_lexer::{self as lexer, FrontmatterAllowed};
+use std::env;
+use std::fs::{self, OpenOptions};
+use std::io::{self, Read as _, Seek as _, SeekFrom, Write};
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 use std::process::{self, ExitStatus};
-use std::{fs, io};
 
 #[cfg(not(windows))]
 static CARGO_CLIPPY_EXE: &str = "cargo-clippy";
 #[cfg(windows)]
 static CARGO_CLIPPY_EXE: &str = "cargo-clippy.exe";
 
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum FileAction {
+    Open,
+    Read,
+    Write,
+    Create,
+    Rename,
+}
+impl FileAction {
+    fn as_str(self) -> &'static str {
+        match self {
+            Self::Open => "opening",
+            Self::Read => "reading",
+            Self::Write => "writing",
+            Self::Create => "creating",
+            Self::Rename => "renaming",
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[cold]
+#[track_caller]
+pub fn panic_file(err: &impl Display, action: FileAction, path: &Path) -> ! {
+    panic!("error {} `{}`: {}", action.as_str(), path.display(), *err)
+}
+
+/// Wrapper around `std::fs::File` which panics with a path on failure.
+pub struct File<'a> {
+    pub inner: fs::File,
+    pub path: &'a Path,
+}
+impl<'a> File<'a> {
+    /// Opens a file panicking on failure.
+    #[track_caller]
+    pub fn open(path: &'a (impl AsRef<Path> + ?Sized), options: &mut OpenOptions) -> Self {
+        let path = path.as_ref();
+        match options.open(path) {
+            Ok(inner) => Self { inner, path },
+            Err(e) => panic_file(&e, FileAction::Open, path),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Opens a file if it exists, panicking on any other failure.
+    #[track_caller]
+    pub fn open_if_exists(path: &'a (impl AsRef<Path> + ?Sized), options: &mut OpenOptions) -> Option<Self> {
+        let path = path.as_ref();
+        match options.open(path) {
+            Ok(inner) => Some(Self { inner, path }),
+            Err(e) if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound => None,
+            Err(e) => panic_file(&e, FileAction::Open, path),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Opens and reads a file into a string, panicking of failure.
+    #[track_caller]
+    pub fn open_read_to_cleared_string<'dst>(
+        path: &'a (impl AsRef<Path> + ?Sized),
+        dst: &'dst mut String,
+    ) -> &'dst mut String {
+        Self::open(path, OpenOptions::new().read(true)).read_to_cleared_string(dst)
+    }
+
+    /// Read the entire contents of a file to the given buffer.
+    #[track_caller]
+    pub fn read_append_to_string<'dst>(&mut self, dst: &'dst mut String) -> &'dst mut String {
+        match self.inner.read_to_string(dst) {
+            Ok(_) => {},
+            Err(e) => panic_file(&e, FileAction::Read, self.path),
+        }
+        dst
+    }
+
+    #[track_caller]
+    pub fn read_to_cleared_string<'dst>(&mut self, dst: &'dst mut String) -> &'dst mut String {
+        dst.clear();
+        self.read_append_to_string(dst)
+    }
+
+    /// Replaces the entire contents of a file.
+    #[track_caller]
+    pub fn replace_contents(&mut self, data: &[u8]) {
+        let res = match self.inner.seek(SeekFrom::Start(0)) {
+            Ok(_) => match self.inner.write_all(data) {
+                Ok(()) => self.inner.set_len(data.len() as u64),
+                Err(e) => Err(e),
+            },
+            Err(e) => Err(e),
+        };
+        if let Err(e) = res {
+            panic_file(&e, FileAction::Write, self.path);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// Returns the path to the `cargo-clippy` binary
 ///
 /// # Panics
@@ -14,34 +115,107 @@ static CARGO_CLIPPY_EXE: &str = "cargo-clippy.exe";
 /// Panics if the path of current executable could not be retrieved.
 #[must_use]
 pub fn cargo_clippy_path() -> PathBuf {
-    let mut path = std::env::current_exe().expect("failed to get current executable name");
+    let mut path = env::current_exe().expect("failed to get current executable name");
     path.set_file_name(CARGO_CLIPPY_EXE);
     path
 }
 
-/// Returns the path to the Clippy project directory
-///
-/// # Panics
-///
-/// Panics if the current directory could not be retrieved, there was an error reading any of the
-/// Cargo.toml files or ancestor directory is the clippy root directory
-#[must_use]
-pub fn clippy_project_root() -> PathBuf {
-    let current_dir = std::env::current_dir().unwrap();
-    for path in current_dir.ancestors() {
-        let result = fs::read_to_string(path.join("Cargo.toml"));
-        if let Err(err) = &result
-            && err.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
+pub struct Version {
+    pub major: u16,
+    pub minor: u16,
+}
+impl FromStr for Version {
+    type Err = ();
+    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
+        if let Some(s) = s.strip_prefix("0.")
+            && let Some((major, minor)) = s.split_once('.')
+            && let Ok(major) = major.parse()
+            && let Ok(minor) = minor.parse()
         {
-            continue;
+            Ok(Self { major, minor })
+        } else {
+            Err(())
+        }
+    }
+}
+impl Version {
+    /// Displays the version as a rust version. i.e. `x.y.0`
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn rust_display(self) -> impl Display {
+        struct X(Version);
+        impl Display for X {
+            fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+                write!(f, "{}.{}.0", self.0.major, self.0.minor)
+            }
+        }
+        X(self)
+    }
+
+    /// Displays the version as it should appear in clippy's toml files. i.e. `0.x.y`
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn toml_display(self) -> impl Display {
+        struct X(Version);
+        impl Display for X {
+            fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
+                write!(f, "0.{}.{}", self.0.major, self.0.minor)
+            }
         }
+        X(self)
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct ClippyInfo {
+    pub path: PathBuf,
+    pub version: Version,
+}
+impl ClippyInfo {
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn search_for_manifest() -> Self {
+        let mut path = env::current_dir().expect("error reading the working directory");
+        let mut buf = String::new();
+        loop {
+            path.push("Cargo.toml");
+            if let Some(mut file) = File::open_if_exists(&path, OpenOptions::new().read(true)) {
+                let mut in_package = false;
+                let mut is_clippy = false;
+                let mut version: Option<Version> = None;
+
+                // Ad-hoc parsing to avoid dependencies. We control all the file so this
+                // isn't actually a problem
+                for line in file.read_to_cleared_string(&mut buf).lines() {
+                    if line.starts_with('[') {
+                        in_package = line.starts_with("[package]");
+                    } else if in_package && let Some((name, value)) = line.split_once('=') {
+                        match name.trim() {
+                            "name" => is_clippy = value.trim() == "\"clippy\"",
+                            "version"
+                                if let Some(value) = value.trim().strip_prefix('"')
+                                    && let Some(value) = value.strip_suffix('"') =>
+                            {
+                                version = value.parse().ok();
+                            },
+                            _ => {},
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
 
-        let content = result.unwrap();
-        if content.contains("[package]\nname = \"clippy\"") {
-            return path.to_path_buf();
+                if is_clippy {
+                    let Some(version) = version else {
+                        panic!("error reading clippy version from {}", file.path.display());
+                    };
+                    path.pop();
+                    return ClippyInfo { path, version };
+                }
+            }
+
+            path.pop();
+            assert!(
+                path.pop(),
+                "error finding project root, please run from inside the clippy directory"
+            );
         }
     }
-    panic!("error: Can't determine root of project. Please run inside a Clippy working dir.");
 }
 
 /// # Panics
@@ -57,86 +231,396 @@ pub fn exit_if_err(status: io::Result<ExitStatus>) {
     }
 }
 
-pub(crate) fn clippy_version() -> (u32, u32) {
-    fn parse_manifest(contents: &str) -> Option<(u32, u32)> {
-        let version = contents
-            .lines()
-            .filter_map(|l| l.split_once('='))
-            .find_map(|(k, v)| (k.trim() == "version").then(|| v.trim()))?;
-        let Some(("0", version)) = version.get(1..version.len() - 1)?.split_once('.') else {
-            return None;
-        };
-        let (minor, patch) = version.split_once('.')?;
-        Some((minor.parse().ok()?, patch.parse().ok()?))
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum UpdateStatus {
+    Unchanged,
+    Changed,
+}
+impl UpdateStatus {
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn from_changed(value: bool) -> Self {
+        if value { Self::Changed } else { Self::Unchanged }
+    }
+
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn is_changed(self) -> bool {
+        matches!(self, Self::Changed)
     }
-    let contents = fs::read_to_string("Cargo.toml").expect("Unable to read `Cargo.toml`");
-    parse_manifest(&contents).expect("Unable to find package version in `Cargo.toml`")
 }
 
-#[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
 pub enum UpdateMode {
-    Check,
     Change,
+    Check,
+}
+impl UpdateMode {
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn from_check(check: bool) -> Self {
+        if check { Self::Check } else { Self::Change }
+    }
 }
 
-pub(crate) fn exit_with_failure() {
-    println!(
-        "Not all lints defined properly. \
-                 Please run `cargo dev update_lints` to make sure all lints are defined properly."
-    );
-    process::exit(1);
+#[derive(Default)]
+pub struct FileUpdater {
+    src_buf: String,
+    dst_buf: String,
 }
+impl FileUpdater {
+    fn update_file_checked_inner(
+        &mut self,
+        tool: &str,
+        mode: UpdateMode,
+        path: &Path,
+        update: &mut dyn FnMut(&Path, &str, &mut String) -> UpdateStatus,
+    ) {
+        let mut file = File::open(path, OpenOptions::new().read(true).write(true));
+        file.read_to_cleared_string(&mut self.src_buf);
+        self.dst_buf.clear();
+        match (mode, update(path, &self.src_buf, &mut self.dst_buf)) {
+            (UpdateMode::Check, UpdateStatus::Changed) => {
+                eprintln!(
+                    "the contents of `{}` are out of date\nplease run `{tool}` to update",
+                    path.display()
+                );
+                process::exit(1);
+            },
+            (UpdateMode::Change, UpdateStatus::Changed) => file.replace_contents(self.dst_buf.as_bytes()),
+            (UpdateMode::Check | UpdateMode::Change, UpdateStatus::Unchanged) => {},
+        }
+    }
 
-/// Replaces a region in a file delimited by two lines matching regexes.
-///
-/// `path` is the relative path to the file on which you want to perform the replacement.
-///
-/// See `replace_region_in_text` for documentation of the other options.
-///
-/// # Panics
-///
-/// Panics if the path could not read or then written
-pub(crate) fn replace_region_in_file(
-    update_mode: UpdateMode,
+    fn update_file_inner(&mut self, path: &Path, update: &mut dyn FnMut(&Path, &str, &mut String) -> UpdateStatus) {
+        let mut file = File::open(path, OpenOptions::new().read(true).write(true));
+        file.read_to_cleared_string(&mut self.src_buf);
+        self.dst_buf.clear();
+        if update(path, &self.src_buf, &mut self.dst_buf).is_changed() {
+            file.replace_contents(self.dst_buf.as_bytes());
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn update_file_checked(
+        &mut self,
+        tool: &str,
+        mode: UpdateMode,
+        path: impl AsRef<Path>,
+        update: &mut dyn FnMut(&Path, &str, &mut String) -> UpdateStatus,
+    ) {
+        self.update_file_checked_inner(tool, mode, path.as_ref(), update);
+    }
+
+    #[expect(clippy::type_complexity)]
+    pub fn update_files_checked(
+        &mut self,
+        tool: &str,
+        mode: UpdateMode,
+        files: &mut [(
+            impl AsRef<Path>,
+            &mut dyn FnMut(&Path, &str, &mut String) -> UpdateStatus,
+        )],
+    ) {
+        for (path, update) in files {
+            self.update_file_checked_inner(tool, mode, path.as_ref(), update);
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn update_file(
+        &mut self,
+        path: impl AsRef<Path>,
+        update: &mut dyn FnMut(&Path, &str, &mut String) -> UpdateStatus,
+    ) {
+        self.update_file_inner(path.as_ref(), update);
+    }
+}
+
+/// Replaces a region in a text delimited by two strings. Returns the new text if both delimiters
+/// were found, or the missing delimiter if not.
+pub fn update_text_region(
     path: &Path,
     start: &str,
     end: &str,
-    write_replacement: impl FnMut(&mut String),
-) {
-    let contents = fs::read_to_string(path).unwrap_or_else(|e| panic!("Cannot read from `{}`: {e}", path.display()));
-    let new_contents = match replace_region_in_text(&contents, start, end, write_replacement) {
-        Ok(x) => x,
-        Err(delim) => panic!("Couldn't find `{delim}` in file `{}`", path.display()),
+    src: &str,
+    dst: &mut String,
+    insert: &mut impl FnMut(&mut String),
+) -> UpdateStatus {
+    let Some((src_start, src_end)) = src.split_once(start) else {
+        panic!("`{}` does not contain `{start}`", path.display());
     };
+    let Some((replaced_text, src_end)) = src_end.split_once(end) else {
+        panic!("`{}` does not contain `{end}`", path.display());
+    };
+    dst.push_str(src_start);
+    dst.push_str(start);
+    let new_start = dst.len();
+    insert(dst);
+    let changed = dst[new_start..] != *replaced_text;
+    dst.push_str(end);
+    dst.push_str(src_end);
+    UpdateStatus::from_changed(changed)
+}
+
+pub fn update_text_region_fn(
+    start: &str,
+    end: &str,
+    mut insert: impl FnMut(&mut String),
+) -> impl FnMut(&Path, &str, &mut String) -> UpdateStatus {
+    move |path, src, dst| update_text_region(path, start, end, src, dst, &mut insert)
+}
+
+#[must_use]
+pub fn is_ident_char(c: u8) -> bool {
+    matches!(c, b'a'..=b'z' | b'A'..=b'Z' | b'0'..=b'9' | b'_')
+}
+
+pub struct StringReplacer<'a> {
+    searcher: AhoCorasick,
+    replacements: &'a [(&'a str, &'a str)],
+}
+impl<'a> StringReplacer<'a> {
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn new(replacements: &'a [(&'a str, &'a str)]) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            searcher: AhoCorasickBuilder::new()
+                .match_kind(aho_corasick::MatchKind::LeftmostLongest)
+                .build(replacements.iter().map(|&(x, _)| x))
+                .unwrap(),
+            replacements,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Replace substrings if they aren't bordered by identifier characters.
+    pub fn replace_ident_fn(&self) -> impl Fn(&Path, &str, &mut String) -> UpdateStatus {
+        move |_, src, dst| {
+            let mut pos = 0;
+            let mut changed = false;
+            for m in self.searcher.find_iter(src) {
+                if !is_ident_char(src.as_bytes().get(m.start().wrapping_sub(1)).copied().unwrap_or(0))
+                    && !is_ident_char(src.as_bytes().get(m.end()).copied().unwrap_or(0))
+                {
+                    changed = true;
+                    dst.push_str(&src[pos..m.start()]);
+                    dst.push_str(self.replacements[m.pattern()].1);
+                    pos = m.end();
+                }
+            }
+            dst.push_str(&src[pos..]);
+            UpdateStatus::from_changed(changed)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum Token {
+    /// Matches any number of doc comments.
+    AnyDoc,
+    Ident(&'static str),
+    CaptureIdent,
+    LitStr,
+    CaptureLitStr,
+    Bang,
+    CloseBrace,
+    CloseBracket,
+    CloseParen,
+    /// This will consume the first colon even if the second doesn't exist.
+    DoubleColon,
+    Comma,
+    Eq,
+    Lifetime,
+    Lt,
+    Gt,
+    OpenBrace,
+    OpenBracket,
+    OpenParen,
+    Pound,
+}
+
+pub struct RustSearcher<'txt> {
+    text: &'txt str,
+    cursor: lexer::Cursor<'txt>,
+    pos: u32,
+
+    // Either the next token or a zero-sized whitespace sentinel.
+    next_token: lexer::Token,
+}
+impl<'txt> RustSearcher<'txt> {
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn new(text: &'txt str) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            text,
+            cursor: lexer::Cursor::new(text, FrontmatterAllowed::Yes),
+            pos: 0,
+
+            // Sentinel value indicating there is no read token.
+            next_token: lexer::Token {
+                len: 0,
+                kind: lexer::TokenKind::Whitespace,
+            },
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn peek_text(&self) -> &'txt str {
+        &self.text[self.pos as usize..(self.pos + self.next_token.len) as usize]
+    }
+
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn peek(&self) -> lexer::TokenKind {
+        self.next_token.kind
+    }
+
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn pos(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.pos
+    }
+
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn at_end(&self) -> bool {
+        self.next_token.kind == lexer::TokenKind::Eof
+    }
+
+    pub fn step(&mut self) {
+        // `next_len` is zero for the sentinel value and the eof marker.
+        self.pos += self.next_token.len;
+        self.next_token = self.cursor.advance_token();
+    }
+
+    /// Consumes the next token if it matches the requested value and captures the value if
+    /// requested. Returns true if a token was matched.
+    fn read_token(&mut self, token: Token, captures: &mut slice::IterMut<'_, &mut &'txt str>) -> bool {
+        loop {
+            match (token, self.next_token.kind) {
+                // Has to be the first match arm so the empty sentinel token will be handled.
+                // This will also skip all whitespace/comments preceding any tokens.
+                (
+                    _,
+                    lexer::TokenKind::Whitespace
+                    | lexer::TokenKind::LineComment { doc_style: None }
+                    | lexer::TokenKind::BlockComment {
+                        doc_style: None,
+                        terminated: true,
+                    },
+                ) => {
+                    self.step();
+                    if self.at_end() {
+                        // `AnyDoc` always matches.
+                        return matches!(token, Token::AnyDoc);
+                    }
+                },
+                (
+                    Token::AnyDoc,
+                    lexer::TokenKind::BlockComment { terminated: true, .. } | lexer::TokenKind::LineComment { .. },
+                ) => {
+                    self.step();
+                    if self.at_end() {
+                        // `AnyDoc` always matches.
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                },
+                (Token::AnyDoc, _) => return true,
+                (Token::Bang, lexer::TokenKind::Bang)
+                | (Token::CloseBrace, lexer::TokenKind::CloseBrace)
+                | (Token::CloseBracket, lexer::TokenKind::CloseBracket)
+                | (Token::CloseParen, lexer::TokenKind::CloseParen)
+                | (Token::Comma, lexer::TokenKind::Comma)
+                | (Token::Eq, lexer::TokenKind::Eq)
+                | (Token::Lifetime, lexer::TokenKind::Lifetime { .. })
+                | (Token::Lt, lexer::TokenKind::Lt)
+                | (Token::Gt, lexer::TokenKind::Gt)
+                | (Token::OpenBrace, lexer::TokenKind::OpenBrace)
+                | (Token::OpenBracket, lexer::TokenKind::OpenBracket)
+                | (Token::OpenParen, lexer::TokenKind::OpenParen)
+                | (Token::Pound, lexer::TokenKind::Pound)
+                | (
+                    Token::LitStr,
+                    lexer::TokenKind::Literal {
+                        kind: lexer::LiteralKind::Str { terminated: true } | lexer::LiteralKind::RawStr { .. },
+                        ..
+                    },
+                ) => {
+                    self.step();
+                    return true;
+                },
+                (Token::Ident(x), lexer::TokenKind::Ident) if x == self.peek_text() => {
+                    self.step();
+                    return true;
+                },
+                (Token::DoubleColon, lexer::TokenKind::Colon) => {
+                    self.step();
+                    if !self.at_end() && matches!(self.next_token.kind, lexer::TokenKind::Colon) {
+                        self.step();
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                    return false;
+                },
+                (
+                    Token::CaptureLitStr,
+                    lexer::TokenKind::Literal {
+                        kind: lexer::LiteralKind::Str { terminated: true } | lexer::LiteralKind::RawStr { .. },
+                        ..
+                    },
+                )
+                | (Token::CaptureIdent, lexer::TokenKind::Ident) => {
+                    **captures.next().unwrap() = self.peek_text();
+                    self.step();
+                    return true;
+                },
+                _ => return false,
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn find_token(&mut self, token: Token) -> bool {
+        let mut capture = [].iter_mut();
+        while !self.read_token(token, &mut capture) {
+            self.step();
+            if self.at_end() {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+        true
+    }
+
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn find_capture_token(&mut self, token: Token) -> Option<&'txt str> {
+        let mut res = "";
+        let mut capture = &mut res;
+        let mut capture = slice::from_mut(&mut capture).iter_mut();
+        while !self.read_token(token, &mut capture) {
+            self.step();
+            if self.at_end() {
+                return None;
+            }
+        }
+        Some(res)
+    }
+
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn match_tokens(&mut self, tokens: &[Token], captures: &mut [&mut &'txt str]) -> bool {
+        let mut captures = captures.iter_mut();
+        tokens.iter().all(|&t| self.read_token(t, &mut captures))
+    }
+}
 
-    match update_mode {
-        UpdateMode::Check if contents != new_contents => exit_with_failure(),
-        UpdateMode::Check => (),
-        UpdateMode::Change => {
-            if let Err(e) = fs::write(path, new_contents.as_bytes()) {
-                panic!("Cannot write to `{}`: {e}", path.display());
+#[expect(clippy::must_use_candidate)]
+pub fn try_rename_file(old_name: &Path, new_name: &Path) -> bool {
+    match OpenOptions::new().create_new(true).write(true).open(new_name) {
+        Ok(file) => drop(file),
+        Err(e) if matches!(e.kind(), io::ErrorKind::AlreadyExists | io::ErrorKind::NotFound) => return false,
+        Err(e) => panic_file(&e, FileAction::Create, new_name),
+    }
+    match fs::rename(old_name, new_name) {
+        Ok(()) => true,
+        Err(e) => {
+            drop(fs::remove_file(new_name));
+            if e.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound {
+                false
+            } else {
+                panic_file(&e, FileAction::Rename, old_name);
             }
         },
     }
 }
 
-/// Replaces a region in a text delimited by two strings. Returns the new text if both delimiters
-/// were found, or the missing delimiter if not.
-pub(crate) fn replace_region_in_text<'a>(
-    text: &str,
-    start: &'a str,
-    end: &'a str,
-    mut write_replacement: impl FnMut(&mut String),
-) -> Result<String, &'a str> {
-    let (text_start, rest) = text.split_once(start).ok_or(start)?;
-    let (_, text_end) = rest.split_once(end).ok_or(end)?;
-
-    let mut res = String::with_capacity(text.len() + 4096);
-    res.push_str(text_start);
-    res.push_str(start);
-    write_replacement(&mut res);
-    res.push_str(end);
-    res.push_str(text_end);
-
-    Ok(res)
+pub fn write_file(path: &Path, contents: &str) {
+    fs::write(path, contents).unwrap_or_else(|e| panic_file(&e, FileAction::Write, path));
 }