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-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/link.rs137
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/link/raw_dylib.rs1
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/lto.rs11
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/metadata.rs2
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/symbol_export.rs22
-rw-r--r--compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/write.rs18
6 files changed, 105 insertions, 86 deletions
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/link.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/link.rs
index c5792da2678..168077260a6 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/link.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/link.rs
@@ -3,10 +3,10 @@ mod raw_dylib;
 use std::collections::BTreeSet;
 use std::ffi::OsString;
 use std::fs::{File, OpenOptions, read};
-use std::io::{BufWriter, Write};
+use std::io::{BufReader, BufWriter, Write};
 use std::ops::{ControlFlow, Deref};
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
-use std::process::{ExitStatus, Output, Stdio};
+use std::process::{Output, Stdio};
 use std::{env, fmt, fs, io, mem, str};
 
 use cc::windows_registry;
@@ -68,6 +68,23 @@ pub fn ensure_removed(dcx: DiagCtxtHandle<'_>, path: &Path) {
     }
 }
 
+fn check_link_info_print_request(sess: &Session, crate_types: &[CrateType]) {
+    let print_native_static_libs =
+        sess.opts.prints.iter().any(|p| p.kind == PrintKind::NativeStaticLibs);
+    let has_staticlib = crate_types.iter().any(|ct| *ct == CrateType::Staticlib);
+    if print_native_static_libs {
+        if !has_staticlib {
+            sess.dcx()
+                .warn(format!("cannot output linkage information without staticlib crate-type"));
+            sess.dcx()
+                .note(format!("consider `--crate-type staticlib` to print linkage information"));
+        } else if !sess.opts.output_types.should_link() {
+            sess.dcx()
+                .warn(format!("cannot output linkage information when --emit link is not passed"));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// Performs the linkage portion of the compilation phase. This will generate all
 /// of the requested outputs for this compilation session.
 pub fn link_binary(
@@ -167,6 +184,12 @@ pub fn link_binary(
                 );
             }
 
+            if sess.target.binary_format == BinaryFormat::Elf {
+                if let Err(err) = warn_if_linked_with_gold(sess, &out_filename) {
+                    info!(?err, "Error while checking if gold was the linker");
+                }
+            }
+
             if output.is_stdout() {
                 if output.is_tty() {
                     sess.dcx().emit_err(errors::BinaryOutputToTty {
@@ -180,6 +203,8 @@ pub fn link_binary(
         }
     }
 
+    check_link_info_print_request(sess, &codegen_results.crate_info.crate_types);
+
     // Remove the temporary object file and metadata if we aren't saving temps.
     sess.time("link_binary_remove_temps", || {
         // If the user requests that temporaries are saved, don't delete any.
@@ -717,13 +742,10 @@ fn link_natively(
 
     // Invoke the system linker
     info!("{cmd:?}");
-    let retry_on_segfault = env::var("RUSTC_RETRY_LINKER_ON_SEGFAULT").is_ok();
     let unknown_arg_regex =
         Regex::new(r"(unknown|unrecognized) (command line )?(option|argument)").unwrap();
     let mut prog;
-    let mut i = 0;
     loop {
-        i += 1;
         prog = sess.time("run_linker", || exec_linker(sess, &cmd, out_filename, flavor, tmpdir));
         let Ok(ref output) = prog else {
             break;
@@ -839,54 +861,7 @@ fn link_natively(
             continue;
         }
 
-        // Here's a terribly awful hack that really shouldn't be present in any
-        // compiler. Here an environment variable is supported to automatically
-        // retry the linker invocation if the linker looks like it segfaulted.
-        //
-        // Gee that seems odd, normally segfaults are things we want to know
-        // about!  Unfortunately though in rust-lang/rust#38878 we're
-        // experiencing the linker segfaulting on Travis quite a bit which is
-        // causing quite a bit of pain to land PRs when they spuriously fail
-        // due to a segfault.
-        //
-        // The issue #38878 has some more debugging information on it as well,
-        // but this unfortunately looks like it's just a race condition in
-        // macOS's linker with some thread pool working in the background. It
-        // seems that no one currently knows a fix for this so in the meantime
-        // we're left with this...
-        if !retry_on_segfault || i > 3 {
-            break;
-        }
-        let msg_segv = "clang: error: unable to execute command: Segmentation fault: 11";
-        let msg_bus = "clang: error: unable to execute command: Bus error: 10";
-        if out.contains(msg_segv) || out.contains(msg_bus) {
-            warn!(
-                ?cmd, %out,
-                "looks like the linker segfaulted when we tried to call it, \
-                 automatically retrying again",
-            );
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        if is_illegal_instruction(&output.status) {
-            warn!(
-                ?cmd, %out, status = %output.status,
-                "looks like the linker hit an illegal instruction when we \
-                 tried to call it, automatically retrying again.",
-            );
-            continue;
-        }
-
-        #[cfg(unix)]
-        fn is_illegal_instruction(status: &ExitStatus) -> bool {
-            use std::os::unix::prelude::*;
-            status.signal() == Some(libc::SIGILL)
-        }
-
-        #[cfg(not(unix))]
-        fn is_illegal_instruction(_status: &ExitStatus) -> bool {
-            false
-        }
+        break;
     }
 
     match prog {
@@ -1986,7 +1961,7 @@ fn add_post_link_args(cmd: &mut dyn Linker, sess: &Session, flavor: LinkerFlavor
 /// This method creates a synthetic object file, which contains undefined references to all symbols
 /// that are necessary for the linking. They are only present in symbol table but not actually
 /// used in any sections, so the linker will therefore pick relevant rlibs for linking, but
-/// unused `#[no_mangle]` or `#[used]` can still be discard by GC sections.
+/// unused `#[no_mangle]` or `#[used(compiler)]` can still be discard by GC sections.
 ///
 /// There's a few internal crates in the standard library (aka libcore and
 /// libstd) which actually have a circular dependence upon one another. This
@@ -2020,7 +1995,8 @@ fn add_linked_symbol_object(
 
     if file.format() == object::BinaryFormat::MachO {
         // Divide up the sections into sub-sections via symbols for dead code stripping.
-        // Without this flag, unused `#[no_mangle]` or `#[used]` cannot be discard on MachO targets.
+        // Without this flag, unused `#[no_mangle]` or `#[used(compiler)]` cannot be
+        // discard on MachO targets.
         file.set_subsections_via_symbols();
     }
 
@@ -3406,3 +3382,54 @@ fn add_lld_args(
         }
     }
 }
+
+// gold has been deprecated with binutils 2.44
+// and is known to behave incorrectly around Rust programs.
+// There have been reports of being unable to bootstrap with gold:
+// https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/139425
+// Additionally, gold miscompiles SHF_GNU_RETAIN sections, which are
+// emitted with `#[used(linker)]`.
+fn warn_if_linked_with_gold(sess: &Session, path: &Path) -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
+    use object::read::elf::{FileHeader, SectionHeader};
+    use object::read::{ReadCache, ReadRef, Result};
+    use object::{Endianness, elf};
+
+    fn elf_has_gold_version_note<'a>(
+        elf: &impl FileHeader,
+        data: impl ReadRef<'a>,
+    ) -> Result<bool> {
+        let endian = elf.endian()?;
+
+        let section =
+            elf.sections(endian, data)?.section_by_name(endian, b".note.gnu.gold-version");
+        if let Some((_, section)) = section {
+            if let Some(mut notes) = section.notes(endian, data)? {
+                return Ok(notes.any(|note| {
+                    note.is_ok_and(|note| note.n_type(endian) == elf::NT_GNU_GOLD_VERSION)
+                }));
+            }
+        }
+
+        Ok(false)
+    }
+
+    let data = ReadCache::new(BufReader::new(File::open(path)?));
+
+    let was_linked_with_gold = if sess.target.pointer_width == 64 {
+        let elf = elf::FileHeader64::<Endianness>::parse(&data)?;
+        elf_has_gold_version_note(elf, &data)?
+    } else if sess.target.pointer_width == 32 {
+        let elf = elf::FileHeader32::<Endianness>::parse(&data)?;
+        elf_has_gold_version_note(elf, &data)?
+    } else {
+        return Ok(());
+    };
+
+    if was_linked_with_gold {
+        let mut warn =
+            sess.dcx().struct_warn("the gold linker is deprecated and has known bugs with Rust");
+        warn.help("consider using LLD or ld from GNU binutils instead");
+        warn.emit();
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/link/raw_dylib.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/link/raw_dylib.rs
index 2c24378afe1..74f39022afb 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/link/raw_dylib.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/link/raw_dylib.rs
@@ -287,6 +287,7 @@ fn create_elf_raw_dylib_stub(sess: &Session, soname: &str, symbols: &[DllImport]
         (Architecture::X86_64, None) => elf::EM_X86_64,
         (Architecture::X86_64_X32, None) => elf::EM_X86_64,
         (Architecture::Hexagon, None) => elf::EM_HEXAGON,
+        (Architecture::LoongArch32, None) => elf::EM_LOONGARCH,
         (Architecture::LoongArch64, None) => elf::EM_LOONGARCH,
         (Architecture::M68k, None) => elf::EM_68K,
         (Architecture::Mips, None) => elf::EM_MIPS,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/lto.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/lto.rs
index 9fd984b6419..ce6fe8a191b 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/lto.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/lto.rs
@@ -56,12 +56,7 @@ impl<B: WriteBackendMethods> LtoModuleCodegen<B> {
     }
 
     /// Optimize this module within the given codegen context.
-    ///
-    /// This function is unsafe as it'll return a `ModuleCodegen` still
-    /// points to LLVM data structures owned by this `LtoModuleCodegen`.
-    /// It's intended that the module returned is immediately code generated and
-    /// dropped, and then this LTO module is dropped.
-    pub unsafe fn optimize(
+    pub fn optimize(
         self,
         cgcx: &CodegenContext<B>,
     ) -> Result<ModuleCodegen<B::Module>, FatalError> {
@@ -70,7 +65,7 @@ impl<B: WriteBackendMethods> LtoModuleCodegen<B> {
                 B::optimize_fat(cgcx, &mut module)?;
                 Ok(module)
             }
-            LtoModuleCodegen::Thin(thin) => unsafe { B::optimize_thin(cgcx, thin) },
+            LtoModuleCodegen::Thin(thin) => B::optimize_thin(cgcx, thin),
         }
     }
 
@@ -85,7 +80,7 @@ impl<B: WriteBackendMethods> LtoModuleCodegen<B> {
     }
 
     /// Run autodiff on Fat LTO module
-    pub unsafe fn autodiff(
+    pub fn autodiff(
         self,
         cgcx: &CodegenContext<B>,
         diff_fncs: Vec<AutoDiffItem>,
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/metadata.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/metadata.rs
index ec46c71b0e4..a16862c41ee 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/metadata.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/metadata.rs
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ pub(super) fn elf_e_flags(architecture: Architecture, sess: &Session) -> u32 {
 
             e_flags
         }
-        Architecture::LoongArch64 => {
+        Architecture::LoongArch32 | Architecture::LoongArch64 => {
             // Source: https://github.com/loongson/la-abi-specs/blob/release/laelf.adoc#e_flags-identifies-abi-type-and-version
             let mut e_flags: u32 = elf::EF_LARCH_OBJABI_V1;
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/symbol_export.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/symbol_export.rs
index 96aec9769d2..92b9b6e132e 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/symbol_export.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/symbol_export.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use std::collections::hash_map::Entry::*;
 
+use rustc_abi::{CanonAbi, X86Call};
 use rustc_ast::expand::allocator::{ALLOCATOR_METHODS, NO_ALLOC_SHIM_IS_UNSTABLE, global_fn_name};
 use rustc_data_structures::unord::UnordMap;
 use rustc_hir::def::DefKind;
@@ -14,7 +15,6 @@ use rustc_middle::ty::{self, GenericArgKind, GenericArgsRef, Instance, SymbolNam
 use rustc_middle::util::Providers;
 use rustc_session::config::{CrateType, OomStrategy};
 use rustc_symbol_mangling::mangle_internal_symbol;
-use rustc_target::callconv::Conv;
 use rustc_target::spec::{SanitizerSet, TlsModel};
 use tracing::debug;
 
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ fn reachable_non_generics_provider(tcx: TyCtxt<'_>, _: LocalCrate) -> DefIdMap<S
                 } else {
                     SymbolExportKind::Text
                 },
-                used: codegen_attrs.flags.contains(CodegenFnAttrFlags::USED)
+                used: codegen_attrs.flags.contains(CodegenFnAttrFlags::USED_COMPILER)
                     || codegen_attrs.flags.contains(CodegenFnAttrFlags::USED_LINKER)
                     || used,
             };
@@ -652,7 +652,7 @@ pub(crate) fn symbol_name_for_instance_in_crate<'tcx>(
 fn calling_convention_for_symbol<'tcx>(
     tcx: TyCtxt<'tcx>,
     symbol: ExportedSymbol<'tcx>,
-) -> (Conv, &'tcx [rustc_target::callconv::ArgAbi<'tcx, Ty<'tcx>>]) {
+) -> (CanonAbi, &'tcx [rustc_target::callconv::ArgAbi<'tcx, Ty<'tcx>>]) {
     let instance = match symbol {
         ExportedSymbol::NonGeneric(def_id) | ExportedSymbol::Generic(def_id, _)
             if tcx.is_static(def_id) =>
@@ -683,7 +683,7 @@ fn calling_convention_for_symbol<'tcx>(
         })
         .map(|fnabi| (fnabi.conv, &fnabi.args[..]))
         // FIXME(workingjubilee): why don't we know the convention here?
-        .unwrap_or((Conv::Rust, &[]))
+        .unwrap_or((CanonAbi::Rust, &[]))
 }
 
 /// This is the symbol name of the given instance as seen by the linker.
@@ -717,14 +717,14 @@ pub(crate) fn linking_symbol_name_for_instance_in_crate<'tcx>(
         _ => return undecorated,
     };
 
-    let (conv, args) = calling_convention_for_symbol(tcx, symbol);
+    let (callconv, args) = calling_convention_for_symbol(tcx, symbol);
 
     // Decorate symbols with prefixes, suffixes and total number of bytes of arguments.
     // Reference: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/cpp/build/reference/decorated-names?view=msvc-170
-    let (prefix, suffix) = match conv {
-        Conv::X86Fastcall => ("@", "@"),
-        Conv::X86Stdcall => ("_", "@"),
-        Conv::X86VectorCall => ("", "@@"),
+    let (prefix, suffix) = match callconv {
+        CanonAbi::X86(X86Call::Fastcall) => ("@", "@"),
+        CanonAbi::X86(X86Call::Stdcall) => ("_", "@"),
+        CanonAbi::X86(X86Call::Vectorcall) => ("", "@@"),
         _ => {
             if let Some(prefix) = prefix {
                 undecorated.insert(0, prefix);
@@ -758,9 +758,9 @@ pub(crate) fn extend_exported_symbols<'tcx>(
     symbol: ExportedSymbol<'tcx>,
     instantiating_crate: CrateNum,
 ) {
-    let (conv, _) = calling_convention_for_symbol(tcx, symbol);
+    let (callconv, _) = calling_convention_for_symbol(tcx, symbol);
 
-    if conv != Conv::GpuKernel || tcx.sess.target.os != "amdhsa" {
+    if callconv != CanonAbi::GpuKernel || tcx.sess.target.os != "amdhsa" {
         return;
     }
 
diff --git a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/write.rs b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/write.rs
index 0fd4ed8475b..a41ca8ce28b 100644
--- a/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/write.rs
+++ b/compiler/rustc_codegen_ssa/src/back/write.rs
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ pub struct CodegenContext<B: WriteBackendMethods> {
     pub coordinator_send: Sender<Box<dyn Any + Send>>,
     /// `true` if the codegen should be run in parallel.
     ///
-    /// Depends on [`CodegenBackend::supports_parallel()`] and `-Zno_parallel_backend`.
+    /// Depends on [`ExtraBackendMethods::supports_parallel()`] and `-Zno_parallel_backend`.
     pub parallel: bool,
 }
 
@@ -416,8 +416,7 @@ fn generate_lto_work<B: ExtraBackendMethods>(
             B::run_fat_lto(cgcx, needs_fat_lto, import_only_modules).unwrap_or_else(|e| e.raise());
         if cgcx.lto == Lto::Fat && !autodiff.is_empty() {
             let config = cgcx.config(ModuleKind::Regular);
-            module =
-                unsafe { module.autodiff(cgcx, autodiff, config).unwrap_or_else(|e| e.raise()) };
+            module = module.autodiff(cgcx, autodiff, config).unwrap_or_else(|e| e.raise());
         }
         // We are adding a single work item, so the cost doesn't matter.
         vec![(WorkItem::LTO(module), 0)]
@@ -887,9 +886,7 @@ fn execute_optimize_work_item<B: ExtraBackendMethods>(
     let dcx = cgcx.create_dcx();
     let dcx = dcx.handle();
 
-    unsafe {
-        B::optimize(cgcx, dcx, &mut module, module_config)?;
-    }
+    B::optimize(cgcx, dcx, &mut module, module_config)?;
 
     // After we've done the initial round of optimizations we need to
     // decide whether to synchronously codegen this module or ship it
@@ -1020,7 +1017,7 @@ fn execute_lto_work_item<B: ExtraBackendMethods>(
     module: lto::LtoModuleCodegen<B>,
     module_config: &ModuleConfig,
 ) -> Result<WorkItemResult<B>, FatalError> {
-    let module = unsafe { module.optimize(cgcx)? };
+    let module = module.optimize(cgcx)?;
     finish_intra_module_work(cgcx, module, module_config)
 }
 
@@ -1036,7 +1033,7 @@ fn finish_intra_module_work<B: ExtraBackendMethods>(
         || module.kind == ModuleKind::Metadata
         || module.kind == ModuleKind::Allocator
     {
-        let module = unsafe { B::codegen(cgcx, dcx, module, module_config)? };
+        let module = B::codegen(cgcx, dcx, module, module_config)?;
         Ok(WorkItemResult::Finished(module))
     } else {
         Ok(WorkItemResult::NeedsLink(module))
@@ -1725,9 +1722,8 @@ fn start_executing_work<B: ExtraBackendMethods>(
             let dcx = cgcx.create_dcx();
             let dcx = dcx.handle();
             let module = B::run_link(&cgcx, dcx, needs_link).map_err(|_| ())?;
-            let module = unsafe {
-                B::codegen(&cgcx, dcx, module, cgcx.config(ModuleKind::Regular)).map_err(|_| ())?
-            };
+            let module =
+                B::codegen(&cgcx, dcx, module, cgcx.config(ModuleKind::Regular)).map_err(|_| ())?;
             compiled_modules.push(module);
         }