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Diffstat (limited to 'src/libstd/iter.rs')
| -rw-r--r-- | src/libstd/iter.rs | 326 |
1 files changed, 326 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/src/libstd/iter.rs b/src/libstd/iter.rs new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..57a076bb082 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/libstd/iter.rs @@ -0,0 +1,326 @@ +// Copyright 2012-2013 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT +// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at +// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT. +// +// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or +// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license +// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your +// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed +// except according to those terms. + +/*! Composable internal iterators + +Internal iterators are functions implementing the protocol used by the `for` loop. + +An internal iterator takes `fn(...) -> bool` as a parameter, with returning `false` used to signal +breaking out of iteration. The adaptors in the module work with any such iterator, not just ones +tied to specific traits. For example: + +~~~~ +println(iter::to_vec(|f| uint::range(0, 20, f)).to_str()); +~~~~ + +An external iterator object implementing the interface in the `iterator` module can be used as an +internal iterator by calling the `advance` method. For example: + +~~~~ +use core::iterator::*; + +let xs = [0u, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5]; +let ys = [30, 40, 50, 60]; +let mut it = xs.iter().chain(ys.iter()); +for it.advance |&x: &uint| { + println(x.to_str()); +} +~~~~ + +Internal iterators provide a subset of the functionality of an external iterator. It's not possible +to interleave them to implement algorithms like `zip`, `union` and `merge`. However, they're often +much easier to implement. + +*/ + +use cmp::Ord; +use option::{Option, Some, None}; +use vec::OwnedVector; +use num::{One, Zero}; +use ops::{Add, Mul}; + +pub trait Times { + fn times(&self, it: &fn() -> bool) -> bool; +} + +/** + * Transform an internal iterator into an owned vector. + * + * # Example: + * + * ~~~ + * let xs = ~[1, 2, 3]; + * let ys = do iter::to_vec |f| { xs.each(|x| f(*x)) }; + * assert_eq!(xs, ys); + * ~~~ + */ +#[inline(always)] +pub fn to_vec<T>(iter: &fn(f: &fn(T) -> bool) -> bool) -> ~[T] { + let mut v = ~[]; + for iter |x| { v.push(x) } + v +} + +/** + * Return true if `predicate` is true for any values yielded by an internal iterator. + * + * Example: + * + * ~~~~ + * let xs = ~[1u, 2, 3, 4, 5]; + * assert!(any(|&x: &uint| x > 2, |f| xs.each(f))); + * assert!(!any(|&x: &uint| x > 5, |f| xs.each(f))); + * ~~~~ + */ +#[inline(always)] +pub fn any<T>(predicate: &fn(T) -> bool, + iter: &fn(f: &fn(T) -> bool) -> bool) -> bool { + for iter |x| { + if predicate(x) { + return true; + } + } + return false; +} + +/** + * Return true if `predicate` is true for all values yielded by an internal iterator. + * + * # Example: + * + * ~~~~ + * assert!(all(|&x: &uint| x < 6, |f| uint::range(1, 6, f))); + * assert!(!all(|&x: &uint| x < 5, |f| uint::range(1, 6, f))); + * ~~~~ + */ +#[inline(always)] +pub fn all<T>(predicate: &fn(T) -> bool, + iter: &fn(f: &fn(T) -> bool) -> bool) -> bool { + // If we ever break, iter will return false, so this will only return true + // if predicate returns true for everything. + iter(|x| predicate(x)) +} + +/** + * Return the first element where `predicate` returns `true`. Return `None` if no element is found. + * + * # Example: + * + * ~~~~ + * let xs = ~[1u, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]; + * assert_eq!(*find(|& &x: & &uint| x > 3, |f| xs.each(f)).unwrap(), 4); + * ~~~~ + */ +#[inline(always)] +pub fn find<T>(predicate: &fn(&T) -> bool, + iter: &fn(f: &fn(T) -> bool) -> bool) -> Option<T> { + for iter |x| { + if predicate(&x) { + return Some(x); + } + } + None +} + +/** + * Return the largest item yielded by an iterator. Return `None` if the iterator is empty. + * + * # Example: + * + * ~~~~ + * let xs = ~[8, 2, 3, 1, -5, 9, 11, 15]; + * assert_eq!(max(|f| xs.each(f)).unwrap(), &15); + * ~~~~ + */ +#[inline] +pub fn max<T: Ord>(iter: &fn(f: &fn(T) -> bool) -> bool) -> Option<T> { + let mut result = None; + for iter |x| { + match result { + Some(ref mut y) => { + if x > *y { + *y = x; + } + } + None => result = Some(x) + } + } + result +} + +/** + * Return the smallest item yielded by an iterator. Return `None` if the iterator is empty. + * + * # Example: + * + * ~~~~ + * let xs = ~[8, 2, 3, 1, -5, 9, 11, 15]; + * assert_eq!(max(|f| xs.each(f)).unwrap(), &-5); + * ~~~~ + */ +#[inline] +pub fn min<T: Ord>(iter: &fn(f: &fn(T) -> bool) -> bool) -> Option<T> { + let mut result = None; + for iter |x| { + match result { + Some(ref mut y) => { + if x < *y { + *y = x; + } + } + None => result = Some(x) + } + } + result +} + +/** + * Reduce an iterator to an accumulated value. + * + * # Example: + * + * ~~~~ + * assert_eq!(fold(0i, |f| int::range(1, 5, f), |a, x| *a += x), 10); + * ~~~~ + */ +#[inline] +pub fn fold<T, U>(start: T, iter: &fn(f: &fn(U) -> bool) -> bool, f: &fn(&mut T, U)) -> T { + let mut result = start; + for iter |x| { + f(&mut result, x); + } + result +} + +/** + * Reduce an iterator to an accumulated value. + * + * `fold_ref` is usable in some generic functions where `fold` is too lenient to type-check, but it + * forces the iterator to yield borrowed pointers. + * + * # Example: + * + * ~~~~ + * fn product<T: One + Mul<T, T>>(iter: &fn(f: &fn(&T) -> bool) -> bool) -> T { + * fold_ref(One::one::<T>(), iter, |a, x| *a = a.mul(x)) + * } + * ~~~~ + */ +#[inline] +pub fn fold_ref<T, U>(start: T, iter: &fn(f: &fn(&U) -> bool) -> bool, f: &fn(&mut T, &U)) -> T { + let mut result = start; + for iter |x| { + f(&mut result, x); + } + result +} + +/** + * Return the sum of the items yielding by an iterator. + * + * # Example: + * + * ~~~~ + * let xs: ~[int] = ~[1, 2, 3, 4]; + * assert_eq!(do sum |f| { xs.each(f) }, 10); + * ~~~~ + */ +#[inline(always)] +pub fn sum<T: Zero + Add<T, T>>(iter: &fn(f: &fn(&T) -> bool) -> bool) -> T { + fold_ref(Zero::zero::<T>(), iter, |a, x| *a = a.add(x)) +} + +/** + * Return the product of the items yielded by an iterator. + * + * # Example: + * + * ~~~~ + * let xs: ~[int] = ~[1, 2, 3, 4]; + * assert_eq!(do product |f| { xs.each(f) }, 24); + * ~~~~ + */ +#[inline(always)] +pub fn product<T: One + Mul<T, T>>(iter: &fn(f: &fn(&T) -> bool) -> bool) -> T { + fold_ref(One::one::<T>(), iter, |a, x| *a = a.mul(x)) +} + +#[cfg(test)] +mod tests { + use super::*; + use prelude::*; + + #[test] + fn test_to_vec() { + let xs = ~[1, 2, 3]; + let ys = do to_vec |f| { xs.each(|x| f(*x)) }; + assert_eq!(xs, ys); + } + + #[test] + fn test_any() { + let xs = ~[1u, 2, 3, 4, 5]; + assert!(any(|&x: &uint| x > 2, |f| xs.each(f))); + assert!(!any(|&x: &uint| x > 5, |f| xs.each(f))); + } + + #[test] + fn test_all() { + assert!(all(|x: uint| x < 6, |f| uint::range(1, 6, f))); + assert!(!all(|x: uint| x < 5, |f| uint::range(1, 6, f))); + } + + #[test] + fn test_find() { + let xs = ~[1u, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]; + assert_eq!(*find(|& &x: & &uint| x > 3, |f| xs.each(f)).unwrap(), 4); + } + + #[test] + fn test_max() { + let xs = ~[8, 2, 3, 1, -5, 9, 11, 15]; + assert_eq!(max(|f| xs.each(f)).unwrap(), &15); + } + + #[test] + fn test_min() { + let xs = ~[8, 2, 3, 1, -5, 9, 11, 15]; + assert_eq!(min(|f| xs.each(f)).unwrap(), &-5); + } + + #[test] + fn test_fold() { + assert_eq!(fold(0i, |f| int::range(1, 5, f), |a, x| *a += x), 10); + } + + #[test] + fn test_sum() { + let xs: ~[int] = ~[1, 2, 3, 4]; + assert_eq!(do sum |f| { xs.each(f) }, 10); + } + + #[test] + fn test_empty_sum() { + let xs: ~[int] = ~[]; + assert_eq!(do sum |f| { xs.each(f) }, 0); + } + + #[test] + fn test_product() { + let xs: ~[int] = ~[1, 2, 3, 4]; + assert_eq!(do product |f| { xs.each(f) }, 24); + } + + #[test] + fn test_empty_product() { + let xs: ~[int] = ~[]; + assert_eq!(do product |f| { xs.each(f) }, 1); + } +} |
