about summary refs log tree commit diff
path: root/src/libstd/str.rs
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'src/libstd/str.rs')
-rw-r--r--src/libstd/str.rs2446
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 2446 deletions
diff --git a/src/libstd/str.rs b/src/libstd/str.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index 3af3821486f..00000000000
--- a/src/libstd/str.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2446 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2012-2014 The Rust Project Developers. See the COPYRIGHT
-// file at the top-level directory of this distribution and at
-// http://rust-lang.org/COPYRIGHT.
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or
-// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license
-// <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
-// option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed
-// except according to those terms.
-
-/*!
-
-Unicode string manipulation (`str` type)
-
-# Basic Usage
-
-Rust's string type is one of the core primitive types of the language. While
-represented by the name `str`, the name `str` is not actually a valid type in
-Rust. Each string must also be decorated with a pointer. `String` is used
-for an owned string, so there is only one commonly-used `str` type in Rust:
-`&str`.
-
-`&str` is the borrowed string type. This type of string can only be created
-from other strings, unless it is a static string (see below). As the word
-"borrowed" implies, this type of string is owned elsewhere, and this string
-cannot be moved out of.
-
-As an example, here's some code that uses a string.
-
-```rust
-fn main() {
-    let borrowed_string = "This string is borrowed with the 'static lifetime";
-}
-```
-
-From the example above, you can see that Rust's string literals have the
-`'static` lifetime. This is akin to C's concept of a static string.
-
-String literals are allocated statically in the rodata of the
-executable/library. The string then has the type `&'static str` meaning that
-the string is valid for the `'static` lifetime, otherwise known as the
-lifetime of the entire program. As can be inferred from the type, these static
-strings are not mutable.
-
-# Mutability
-
-Many languages have immutable strings by default, and Rust has a particular
-flavor on this idea. As with the rest of Rust types, strings are immutable by
-default. If a string is declared as `mut`, however, it may be mutated. This
-works the same way as the rest of Rust's type system in the sense that if
-there's a mutable reference to a string, there may only be one mutable reference
-to that string. With these guarantees, strings can easily transition between
-being mutable/immutable with the same benefits of having mutable strings in
-other languages.
-
-# Representation
-
-Rust's string type, `str`, is a sequence of unicode codepoints encoded as a
-stream of UTF-8 bytes. All safely-created strings are guaranteed to be validly
-encoded UTF-8 sequences. Additionally, strings are not null-terminated
-and can contain null codepoints.
-
-The actual representation of strings have direct mappings to vectors: `&str`
-is the same as `&[u8]`.
-
-*/
-
-#![doc(primitive = "str")]
-
-use char::Char;
-use char;
-use clone::Clone;
-use cmp::{PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Equiv, Ordering};
-use container::Container;
-use default::Default;
-use fmt;
-use io::Writer;
-use iter::{Iterator, range, AdditiveIterator};
-use mem::transmute;
-use mem;
-use option::{None, Option, Some};
-use result::Result;
-use slice::Vector;
-use slice::{ImmutableVector, MutableVector};
-use string::String;
-use vec::Vec;
-
-pub use core::str::{from_utf8, CharEq, Chars, CharOffsets};
-pub use core::str::{Bytes, CharSplits};
-pub use core::str::{CharSplitsN, Words, AnyLines, MatchIndices, StrSplits};
-pub use core::str::{eq_slice, is_utf8, is_utf16, Utf16Items};
-pub use core::str::{Utf16Item, ScalarValue, LoneSurrogate, utf16_items};
-pub use core::str::{truncate_utf16_at_nul, utf8_char_width, CharRange};
-pub use core::str::{Str, StrSlice};
-
-/*
-Section: Creating a string
-*/
-
-/// Consumes a vector of bytes to create a new utf-8 string.
-///
-/// Returns `Err` with the original vector if the vector contains invalid
-/// UTF-8.
-pub fn from_utf8_owned(vv: Vec<u8>) -> Result<String, Vec<u8>> {
-    String::from_utf8(vv)
-}
-
-/// Convert a byte to a UTF-8 string
-///
-/// # Failure
-///
-/// Fails if invalid UTF-8
-pub fn from_byte(b: u8) -> String {
-    assert!(b < 128u8);
-    String::from_char(1, b as char)
-}
-
-/// Convert a char to a string
-pub fn from_char(ch: char) -> String {
-    let mut buf = String::new();
-    buf.push_char(ch);
-    buf
-}
-
-/// Convert a vector of chars to a string
-pub fn from_chars(chs: &[char]) -> String {
-    chs.iter().map(|c| *c).collect()
-}
-
-/// Methods for vectors of strings
-pub trait StrVector {
-    /// Concatenate a vector of strings.
-    fn concat(&self) -> String;
-
-    /// Concatenate a vector of strings, placing a given separator between each.
-    fn connect(&self, sep: &str) -> String;
-}
-
-impl<'a, S: Str> StrVector for &'a [S] {
-    fn concat(&self) -> String {
-        if self.is_empty() {
-            return String::new();
-        }
-
-        // `len` calculation may overflow but push_str but will check boundaries
-        let len = self.iter().map(|s| s.as_slice().len()).sum();
-
-        let mut result = String::with_capacity(len);
-
-        for s in self.iter() {
-            result.push_str(s.as_slice())
-        }
-
-        result
-    }
-
-    fn connect(&self, sep: &str) -> String {
-        if self.is_empty() {
-            return String::new();
-        }
-
-        // concat is faster
-        if sep.is_empty() {
-            return self.concat();
-        }
-
-        // this is wrong without the guarantee that `self` is non-empty
-        // `len` calculation may overflow but push_str but will check boundaries
-        let len = sep.len() * (self.len() - 1)
-            + self.iter().map(|s| s.as_slice().len()).sum();
-        let mut result = String::with_capacity(len);
-        let mut first = true;
-
-        for s in self.iter() {
-            if first {
-                first = false;
-            } else {
-                result.push_str(sep);
-            }
-            result.push_str(s.as_slice());
-        }
-        result
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a, S: Str> StrVector for Vec<S> {
-    #[inline]
-    fn concat(&self) -> String {
-        self.as_slice().concat()
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    fn connect(&self, sep: &str) -> String {
-        self.as_slice().connect(sep)
-    }
-}
-
-/*
-Section: Iterators
-*/
-
-// Helper functions used for Unicode normalization
-fn canonical_sort(comb: &mut [(char, u8)]) {
-    use iter::range;
-    use tuple::Tuple2;
-
-    let len = comb.len();
-    for i in range(0, len) {
-        let mut swapped = false;
-        for j in range(1, len-i) {
-            let class_a = *comb[j-1].ref1();
-            let class_b = *comb[j].ref1();
-            if class_a != 0 && class_b != 0 && class_a > class_b {
-                comb.swap(j-1, j);
-                swapped = true;
-            }
-        }
-        if !swapped { break; }
-    }
-}
-
-#[deriving(Clone)]
-enum DecompositionType {
-    Canonical,
-    Compatible
-}
-
-/// External iterator for a string's decomposition's characters.
-/// Use with the `std::iter` module.
-#[deriving(Clone)]
-pub struct Decompositions<'a> {
-    kind: DecompositionType,
-    iter: Chars<'a>,
-    buffer: Vec<(char, u8)>,
-    sorted: bool
-}
-
-impl<'a> Iterator<char> for Decompositions<'a> {
-    #[inline]
-    fn next(&mut self) -> Option<char> {
-        use unicode::normalization::canonical_combining_class;
-
-        match self.buffer.as_slice().head() {
-            Some(&(c, 0)) => {
-                self.sorted = false;
-                self.buffer.shift();
-                return Some(c);
-            }
-            Some(&(c, _)) if self.sorted => {
-                self.buffer.shift();
-                return Some(c);
-            }
-            _ => self.sorted = false
-        }
-
-        let decomposer = match self.kind {
-            Canonical => char::decompose_canonical,
-            Compatible => char::decompose_compatible
-        };
-
-        if !self.sorted {
-            for ch in self.iter {
-                let buffer = &mut self.buffer;
-                let sorted = &mut self.sorted;
-                decomposer(ch, |d| {
-                    let class = canonical_combining_class(d);
-                    if class == 0 && !*sorted {
-                        canonical_sort(buffer.as_mut_slice());
-                        *sorted = true;
-                    }
-                    buffer.push((d, class));
-                });
-                if *sorted { break }
-            }
-        }
-
-        if !self.sorted {
-            canonical_sort(self.buffer.as_mut_slice());
-            self.sorted = true;
-        }
-
-        match self.buffer.shift() {
-            Some((c, 0)) => {
-                self.sorted = false;
-                Some(c)
-            }
-            Some((c, _)) => Some(c),
-            None => None
-        }
-    }
-
-    fn size_hint(&self) -> (uint, Option<uint>) {
-        let (lower, _) = self.iter.size_hint();
-        (lower, None)
-    }
-}
-
-/// Replace all occurrences of one string with another
-///
-/// # Arguments
-///
-/// * s - The string containing substrings to replace
-/// * from - The string to replace
-/// * to - The replacement string
-///
-/// # Return value
-///
-/// The original string with all occurrences of `from` replaced with `to`
-pub fn replace(s: &str, from: &str, to: &str) -> String {
-    let mut result = String::new();
-    let mut last_end = 0;
-    for (start, end) in s.match_indices(from) {
-        result.push_str(unsafe{raw::slice_bytes(s, last_end, start)});
-        result.push_str(to);
-        last_end = end;
-    }
-    result.push_str(unsafe{raw::slice_bytes(s, last_end, s.len())});
-    result
-}
-
-/*
-Section: Misc
-*/
-
-/// Decode a UTF-16 encoded vector `v` into a string, returning `None`
-/// if `v` contains any invalid data.
-///
-/// # Example
-///
-/// ```rust
-/// use std::str;
-///
-/// // 𝄞music
-/// let mut v = [0xD834, 0xDD1E, 0x006d, 0x0075,
-///              0x0073, 0x0069, 0x0063];
-/// assert_eq!(str::from_utf16(v), Some("𝄞music".to_string()));
-///
-/// // 𝄞mu<invalid>ic
-/// v[4] = 0xD800;
-/// assert_eq!(str::from_utf16(v), None);
-/// ```
-pub fn from_utf16(v: &[u16]) -> Option<String> {
-    let mut s = String::with_capacity(v.len() / 2);
-    for c in utf16_items(v) {
-        match c {
-            ScalarValue(c) => s.push_char(c),
-            LoneSurrogate(_) => return None
-        }
-    }
-    Some(s)
-}
-
-/// Decode a UTF-16 encoded vector `v` into a string, replacing
-/// invalid data with the replacement character (U+FFFD).
-///
-/// # Example
-/// ```rust
-/// use std::str;
-///
-/// // 𝄞mus<invalid>ic<invalid>
-/// let v = [0xD834, 0xDD1E, 0x006d, 0x0075,
-///          0x0073, 0xDD1E, 0x0069, 0x0063,
-///          0xD834];
-///
-/// assert_eq!(str::from_utf16_lossy(v),
-///            "𝄞mus\uFFFDic\uFFFD".to_string());
-/// ```
-pub fn from_utf16_lossy(v: &[u16]) -> String {
-    utf16_items(v).map(|c| c.to_char_lossy()).collect()
-}
-
-// Return the initial codepoint accumulator for the first byte.
-// The first byte is special, only want bottom 5 bits for width 2, 4 bits
-// for width 3, and 3 bits for width 4
-macro_rules! utf8_first_byte(
-    ($byte:expr, $width:expr) => (($byte & (0x7F >> $width)) as u32)
-)
-
-// return the value of $ch updated with continuation byte $byte
-macro_rules! utf8_acc_cont_byte(
-    ($ch:expr, $byte:expr) => (($ch << 6) | ($byte & 63u8) as u32)
-)
-
-static TAG_CONT_U8: u8 = 128u8;
-
-/// Converts a vector of bytes to a new utf-8 string.
-/// Any invalid utf-8 sequences are replaced with U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER.
-///
-/// # Example
-///
-/// ```rust
-/// let input = bytes!("Hello ", 0xF0, 0x90, 0x80, "World");
-/// let output = std::str::from_utf8_lossy(input);
-/// assert_eq!(output.as_slice(), "Hello \uFFFDWorld");
-/// ```
-pub fn from_utf8_lossy<'a>(v: &'a [u8]) -> MaybeOwned<'a> {
-    if is_utf8(v) {
-        return Slice(unsafe { mem::transmute(v) })
-    }
-
-    static REPLACEMENT: &'static [u8] = bytes!(0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBD); // U+FFFD in UTF-8
-    let mut i = 0;
-    let total = v.len();
-    fn unsafe_get(xs: &[u8], i: uint) -> u8 {
-        unsafe { *xs.unsafe_ref(i) }
-    }
-    fn safe_get(xs: &[u8], i: uint, total: uint) -> u8 {
-        if i >= total {
-            0
-        } else {
-            unsafe_get(xs, i)
-        }
-    }
-
-    let mut res = String::with_capacity(total);
-
-    if i > 0 {
-        unsafe {
-            res.push_bytes(v.slice_to(i))
-        };
-    }
-
-    // subseqidx is the index of the first byte of the subsequence we're looking at.
-    // It's used to copy a bunch of contiguous good codepoints at once instead of copying
-    // them one by one.
-    let mut subseqidx = 0;
-
-    while i < total {
-        let i_ = i;
-        let byte = unsafe_get(v, i);
-        i += 1;
-
-        macro_rules! error(() => ({
-            unsafe {
-                if subseqidx != i_ {
-                    res.push_bytes(v.slice(subseqidx, i_));
-                }
-                subseqidx = i;
-                res.push_bytes(REPLACEMENT);
-            }
-        }))
-
-        if byte < 128u8 {
-            // subseqidx handles this
-        } else {
-            let w = utf8_char_width(byte);
-
-            match w {
-                2 => {
-                    if safe_get(v, i, total) & 192u8 != TAG_CONT_U8 {
-                        error!();
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    i += 1;
-                }
-                3 => {
-                    match (byte, safe_get(v, i, total)) {
-                        (0xE0        , 0xA0 .. 0xBF) => (),
-                        (0xE1 .. 0xEC, 0x80 .. 0xBF) => (),
-                        (0xED        , 0x80 .. 0x9F) => (),
-                        (0xEE .. 0xEF, 0x80 .. 0xBF) => (),
-                        _ => {
-                            error!();
-                            continue;
-                        }
-                    }
-                    i += 1;
-                    if safe_get(v, i, total) & 192u8 != TAG_CONT_U8 {
-                        error!();
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    i += 1;
-                }
-                4 => {
-                    match (byte, safe_get(v, i, total)) {
-                        (0xF0        , 0x90 .. 0xBF) => (),
-                        (0xF1 .. 0xF3, 0x80 .. 0xBF) => (),
-                        (0xF4        , 0x80 .. 0x8F) => (),
-                        _ => {
-                            error!();
-                            continue;
-                        }
-                    }
-                    i += 1;
-                    if safe_get(v, i, total) & 192u8 != TAG_CONT_U8 {
-                        error!();
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    i += 1;
-                    if safe_get(v, i, total) & 192u8 != TAG_CONT_U8 {
-                        error!();
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    i += 1;
-                }
-                _ => {
-                    error!();
-                    continue;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    if subseqidx < total {
-        unsafe {
-            res.push_bytes(v.slice(subseqidx, total))
-        };
-    }
-    Owned(res.into_string())
-}
-
-/*
-Section: MaybeOwned
-*/
-
-/// A `MaybeOwned` is a string that can hold either a `String` or a `&str`.
-/// This can be useful as an optimization when an allocation is sometimes
-/// needed but not always.
-pub enum MaybeOwned<'a> {
-    /// A borrowed string
-    Slice(&'a str),
-    /// An owned string
-    Owned(String)
-}
-
-/// `SendStr` is a specialization of `MaybeOwned` to be sendable
-pub type SendStr = MaybeOwned<'static>;
-
-impl<'a> MaybeOwned<'a> {
-    /// Returns `true` if this `MaybeOwned` wraps an owned string
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn is_owned(&self) -> bool {
-        match *self {
-            Slice(_) => false,
-            Owned(_) => true
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Returns `true` if this `MaybeOwned` wraps a borrowed string
-    #[inline]
-    pub fn is_slice(&self) -> bool {
-        match *self {
-            Slice(_) => true,
-            Owned(_) => false
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// Trait for moving into a `MaybeOwned`
-pub trait IntoMaybeOwned<'a> {
-    /// Moves self into a `MaybeOwned`
-    fn into_maybe_owned(self) -> MaybeOwned<'a>;
-}
-
-impl<'a> IntoMaybeOwned<'a> for String {
-    #[inline]
-    fn into_maybe_owned(self) -> MaybeOwned<'a> {
-        Owned(self)
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a> IntoMaybeOwned<'a> for &'a str {
-    #[inline]
-    fn into_maybe_owned(self) -> MaybeOwned<'a> { Slice(self) }
-}
-
-impl<'a> IntoMaybeOwned<'a> for MaybeOwned<'a> {
-    #[inline]
-    fn into_maybe_owned(self) -> MaybeOwned<'a> { self }
-}
-
-impl<'a> PartialEq for MaybeOwned<'a> {
-    #[inline]
-    fn eq(&self, other: &MaybeOwned) -> bool {
-        self.as_slice() == other.as_slice()
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a> Eq for MaybeOwned<'a> {}
-
-impl<'a> PartialOrd for MaybeOwned<'a> {
-    #[inline]
-    fn lt(&self, other: &MaybeOwned) -> bool {
-        self.as_slice().lt(&other.as_slice())
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a> Ord for MaybeOwned<'a> {
-    #[inline]
-    fn cmp(&self, other: &MaybeOwned) -> Ordering {
-        self.as_slice().cmp(&other.as_slice())
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a, S: Str> Equiv<S> for MaybeOwned<'a> {
-    #[inline]
-    fn equiv(&self, other: &S) -> bool {
-        self.as_slice() == other.as_slice()
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a> Str for MaybeOwned<'a> {
-    #[inline]
-    fn as_slice<'b>(&'b self) -> &'b str {
-        match *self {
-            Slice(s) => s,
-            Owned(ref s) => s.as_slice()
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a> StrAllocating for MaybeOwned<'a> {
-    #[inline]
-    fn into_string(self) -> String {
-        match self {
-            Slice(s) => s.to_string(),
-            Owned(s) => s
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a> Container for MaybeOwned<'a> {
-    #[inline]
-    fn len(&self) -> uint { self.as_slice().len() }
-}
-
-impl<'a> Clone for MaybeOwned<'a> {
-    #[inline]
-    fn clone(&self) -> MaybeOwned<'a> {
-        match *self {
-            Slice(s) => Slice(s),
-            Owned(ref s) => Owned(s.to_string())
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a> Default for MaybeOwned<'a> {
-    #[inline]
-    fn default() -> MaybeOwned<'a> { Slice("") }
-}
-
-impl<'a, H: Writer> ::hash::Hash<H> for MaybeOwned<'a> {
-    #[inline]
-    fn hash(&self, hasher: &mut H) {
-        match *self {
-            Slice(s) => s.hash(hasher),
-            Owned(ref s) => s.as_slice().hash(hasher),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a> fmt::Show for MaybeOwned<'a> {
-    #[inline]
-    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
-        match *self {
-            Slice(ref s) => s.fmt(f),
-            Owned(ref s) => s.fmt(f)
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// Unsafe operations
-pub mod raw {
-    use c_str::CString;
-    use libc;
-    use mem;
-    use raw::Slice;
-    use string::String;
-    use vec::Vec;
-
-    pub use core::str::raw::{from_utf8, c_str_to_static_slice, slice_bytes};
-    pub use core::str::raw::{slice_unchecked};
-
-    /// Create a Rust string from a *u8 buffer of the given length
-    pub unsafe fn from_buf_len(buf: *u8, len: uint) -> String {
-        let mut result = String::new();
-        result.push_bytes(mem::transmute(Slice {
-            data: buf,
-            len: len,
-        }));
-        result
-    }
-
-    /// Create a Rust string from a null-terminated C string
-    pub unsafe fn from_c_str(c_string: *libc::c_char) -> String {
-        let mut buf = String::new();
-        buf.push_bytes(CString::new(c_string, false).as_bytes_no_nul());
-        buf
-    }
-
-    /// Converts an owned vector of bytes to a new owned string. This assumes
-    /// that the utf-8-ness of the vector has already been validated
-    #[inline]
-    pub unsafe fn from_utf8_owned(v: Vec<u8>) -> String {
-        mem::transmute(v)
-    }
-
-    /// Converts a byte to a string.
-    pub unsafe fn from_byte(u: u8) -> String {
-        from_utf8_owned(vec![u])
-    }
-
-    /// Sets the length of a string
-    ///
-    /// This will explicitly set the size of the string, without actually
-    /// modifying its buffers, so it is up to the caller to ensure that
-    /// the string is actually the specified size.
-    #[test]
-    fn test_from_buf_len() {
-        use slice::ImmutableVector;
-        use str::StrAllocating;
-
-        unsafe {
-            let a = ~[65u8, 65u8, 65u8, 65u8, 65u8, 65u8, 65u8, 0u8];
-            let b = a.as_ptr();
-            let c = from_buf_len(b, 3u);
-            assert_eq!(c, "AAA".to_string());
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/*
-Section: Trait implementations
-*/
-
-/// Any string that can be represented as a slice
-pub trait StrAllocating: Str {
-    /// Convert `self` into a `String`, not making a copy if possible.
-    fn into_string(self) -> String;
-
-    /// Convert `self` into a `String`.
-    #[inline]
-    fn to_string(&self) -> String {
-        String::from_str(self.as_slice())
-    }
-
-    #[allow(missing_doc)]
-    #[deprecated = "replaced by .into_string()"]
-    fn into_owned(self) -> String {
-        self.into_string()
-    }
-
-    /// Escape each char in `s` with `char::escape_default`.
-    fn escape_default(&self) -> String {
-        let me = self.as_slice();
-        let mut out = String::with_capacity(me.len());
-        for c in me.chars() {
-            c.escape_default(|c| out.push_char(c));
-        }
-        out
-    }
-
-    /// Escape each char in `s` with `char::escape_unicode`.
-    fn escape_unicode(&self) -> String {
-        let me = self.as_slice();
-        let mut out = String::with_capacity(me.len());
-        for c in me.chars() {
-            c.escape_unicode(|c| out.push_char(c));
-        }
-        out
-    }
-
-    /// Replace all occurrences of one string with another.
-    ///
-    /// # Arguments
-    ///
-    /// * `from` - The string to replace
-    /// * `to` - The replacement string
-    ///
-    /// # Return value
-    ///
-    /// The original string with all occurrences of `from` replaced with `to`.
-    ///
-    /// # Example
-    ///
-    /// ```rust
-    /// let s = "Do you know the muffin man,
-    /// The muffin man, the muffin man, ...".to_string();
-    ///
-    /// assert_eq!(s.replace("muffin man", "little lamb"),
-    ///            "Do you know the little lamb,
-    /// The little lamb, the little lamb, ...".to_string());
-    ///
-    /// // not found, so no change.
-    /// assert_eq!(s.replace("cookie monster", "little lamb"), s);
-    /// ```
-    fn replace(&self, from: &str, to: &str) -> String {
-        let me = self.as_slice();
-        let mut result = String::new();
-        let mut last_end = 0;
-        for (start, end) in me.match_indices(from) {
-            result.push_str(unsafe{raw::slice_bytes(me, last_end, start)});
-            result.push_str(to);
-            last_end = end;
-        }
-        result.push_str(unsafe{raw::slice_bytes(me, last_end, me.len())});
-        result
-    }
-
-    #[allow(missing_doc)]
-    #[deprecated = "obsolete, use `to_string`"]
-    #[inline]
-    fn to_owned(&self) -> String {
-        use slice::Vector;
-
-        unsafe {
-            ::mem::transmute(Vec::from_slice(self.as_slice().as_bytes()))
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Converts to a vector of `u16` encoded as UTF-16.
-    fn to_utf16(&self) -> Vec<u16> {
-        let me = self.as_slice();
-        let mut u = Vec::new();
-        for ch in me.chars() {
-            let mut buf = [0u16, ..2];
-            let n = ch.encode_utf16(buf /* as mut slice! */);
-            u.push_all(buf.slice_to(n));
-        }
-        u
-    }
-
-    /// Given a string, make a new string with repeated copies of it.
-    fn repeat(&self, nn: uint) -> String {
-        let me = self.as_slice();
-        let mut ret = String::with_capacity(nn * me.len());
-        for _ in range(0, nn) {
-            ret.push_str(me);
-        }
-        ret
-    }
-
-    /// Levenshtein Distance between two strings.
-    fn lev_distance(&self, t: &str) -> uint {
-        let me = self.as_slice();
-        let slen = me.len();
-        let tlen = t.len();
-
-        if slen == 0 { return tlen; }
-        if tlen == 0 { return slen; }
-
-        let mut dcol = Vec::from_fn(tlen + 1, |x| x);
-
-        for (i, sc) in me.chars().enumerate() {
-
-            let mut current = i;
-            *dcol.get_mut(0) = current + 1;
-
-            for (j, tc) in t.chars().enumerate() {
-
-                let next = *dcol.get(j + 1);
-
-                if sc == tc {
-                    *dcol.get_mut(j + 1) = current;
-                } else {
-                    *dcol.get_mut(j + 1) = ::cmp::min(current, next);
-                    *dcol.get_mut(j + 1) = ::cmp::min(*dcol.get(j + 1),
-                                                      *dcol.get(j)) + 1;
-                }
-
-                current = next;
-            }
-        }
-
-        return *dcol.get(tlen);
-    }
-
-    /// An Iterator over the string in Unicode Normalization Form D
-    /// (canonical decomposition).
-    #[inline]
-    fn nfd_chars<'a>(&'a self) -> Decompositions<'a> {
-        Decompositions {
-            iter: self.as_slice().chars(),
-            buffer: Vec::new(),
-            sorted: false,
-            kind: Canonical
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// An Iterator over the string in Unicode Normalization Form KD
-    /// (compatibility decomposition).
-    #[inline]
-    fn nfkd_chars<'a>(&'a self) -> Decompositions<'a> {
-        Decompositions {
-            iter: self.as_slice().chars(),
-            buffer: Vec::new(),
-            sorted: false,
-            kind: Compatible
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl<'a> StrAllocating for &'a str {
-    #[inline]
-    fn into_string(self) -> String {
-        self.to_string()
-    }
-}
-
-/// Methods for owned strings
-pub trait OwnedStr {
-    /// Consumes the string, returning the underlying byte buffer.
-    ///
-    /// The buffer does not have a null terminator.
-    fn into_bytes(self) -> Vec<u8>;
-
-    /// Pushes the given string onto this string, returning the concatenation of the two strings.
-    fn append(self, rhs: &str) -> String;
-}
-
-impl OwnedStr for String {
-    #[inline]
-    fn into_bytes(self) -> Vec<u8> {
-        unsafe { mem::transmute(self) }
-    }
-
-    #[inline]
-    fn append(mut self, rhs: &str) -> String {
-        self.push_str(rhs);
-        self
-    }
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use iter::AdditiveIterator;
-    use default::Default;
-    use prelude::*;
-    use str::*;
-    use string::String;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_eq_slice() {
-        assert!((eq_slice("foobar".slice(0, 3), "foo")));
-        assert!((eq_slice("barfoo".slice(3, 6), "foo")));
-        assert!((!eq_slice("foo1", "foo2")));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_le() {
-        assert!("" <= "");
-        assert!("" <= "foo");
-        assert!("foo" <= "foo");
-        assert!("foo" != "bar");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_len() {
-        assert_eq!("".len(), 0u);
-        assert_eq!("hello world".len(), 11u);
-        assert_eq!("\x63".len(), 1u);
-        assert_eq!("\xa2".len(), 2u);
-        assert_eq!("\u03c0".len(), 2u);
-        assert_eq!("\u2620".len(), 3u);
-        assert_eq!("\U0001d11e".len(), 4u);
-
-        assert_eq!("".char_len(), 0u);
-        assert_eq!("hello world".char_len(), 11u);
-        assert_eq!("\x63".char_len(), 1u);
-        assert_eq!("\xa2".char_len(), 1u);
-        assert_eq!("\u03c0".char_len(), 1u);
-        assert_eq!("\u2620".char_len(), 1u);
-        assert_eq!("\U0001d11e".char_len(), 1u);
-        assert_eq!("ประเทศไทย中华Việt Nam".char_len(), 19u);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_find() {
-        assert_eq!("hello".find('l'), Some(2u));
-        assert_eq!("hello".find(|c:char| c == 'o'), Some(4u));
-        assert!("hello".find('x').is_none());
-        assert!("hello".find(|c:char| c == 'x').is_none());
-        assert_eq!("ประเทศไทย中华Việt Nam".find('华'), Some(30u));
-        assert_eq!("ประเทศไทย中华Việt Nam".find(|c: char| c == '华'), Some(30u));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_rfind() {
-        assert_eq!("hello".rfind('l'), Some(3u));
-        assert_eq!("hello".rfind(|c:char| c == 'o'), Some(4u));
-        assert!("hello".rfind('x').is_none());
-        assert!("hello".rfind(|c:char| c == 'x').is_none());
-        assert_eq!("ประเทศไทย中华Việt Nam".rfind('华'), Some(30u));
-        assert_eq!("ประเทศไทย中华Việt Nam".rfind(|c: char| c == '华'), Some(30u));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_collect() {
-        let empty = "".to_string();
-        let s: String = empty.as_slice().chars().collect();
-        assert_eq!(empty, s);
-        let data = "ประเทศไทย中".to_string();
-        let s: String = data.as_slice().chars().collect();
-        assert_eq!(data, s);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_into_bytes() {
-        let data = "asdf".to_string();
-        let buf = data.into_bytes();
-        assert_eq!(bytes!("asdf"), buf.as_slice());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_find_str() {
-        // byte positions
-        assert_eq!("".find_str(""), Some(0u));
-        assert!("banana".find_str("apple pie").is_none());
-
-        let data = "abcabc";
-        assert_eq!(data.slice(0u, 6u).find_str("ab"), Some(0u));
-        assert_eq!(data.slice(2u, 6u).find_str("ab"), Some(3u - 2u));
-        assert!(data.slice(2u, 4u).find_str("ab").is_none());
-
-        let string = "ประเทศไทย中华Việt Nam";
-        let mut data = string.to_string();
-        data.push_str(string);
-        assert!(data.as_slice().find_str("ไท华").is_none());
-        assert_eq!(data.as_slice().slice(0u, 43u).find_str(""), Some(0u));
-        assert_eq!(data.as_slice().slice(6u, 43u).find_str(""), Some(6u - 6u));
-
-        assert_eq!(data.as_slice().slice(0u, 43u).find_str("ประ"), Some( 0u));
-        assert_eq!(data.as_slice().slice(0u, 43u).find_str("ทศไ"), Some(12u));
-        assert_eq!(data.as_slice().slice(0u, 43u).find_str("ย中"), Some(24u));
-        assert_eq!(data.as_slice().slice(0u, 43u).find_str("iệt"), Some(34u));
-        assert_eq!(data.as_slice().slice(0u, 43u).find_str("Nam"), Some(40u));
-
-        assert_eq!(data.as_slice().slice(43u, 86u).find_str("ประ"), Some(43u - 43u));
-        assert_eq!(data.as_slice().slice(43u, 86u).find_str("ทศไ"), Some(55u - 43u));
-        assert_eq!(data.as_slice().slice(43u, 86u).find_str("ย中"), Some(67u - 43u));
-        assert_eq!(data.as_slice().slice(43u, 86u).find_str("iệt"), Some(77u - 43u));
-        assert_eq!(data.as_slice().slice(43u, 86u).find_str("Nam"), Some(83u - 43u));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_slice_chars() {
-        fn t(a: &str, b: &str, start: uint) {
-            assert_eq!(a.slice_chars(start, start + b.char_len()), b);
-        }
-        t("", "", 0);
-        t("hello", "llo", 2);
-        t("hello", "el", 1);
-        t("αβλ", "β", 1);
-        t("αβλ", "", 3);
-        assert_eq!("ะเทศไท", "ประเทศไทย中华Việt Nam".slice_chars(2, 8));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_concat() {
-        fn t(v: &[String], s: &str) {
-            assert_eq!(v.concat(), s.to_str().into_string());
-        }
-        t(["you".to_string(), "know".to_string(), "I'm".to_string(),
-          "no".to_string(), "good".to_string()], "youknowI'mnogood");
-        let v: &[String] = [];
-        t(v, "");
-        t(["hi".to_string()], "hi");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_connect() {
-        fn t(v: &[String], sep: &str, s: &str) {
-            assert_eq!(v.connect(sep), s.to_str().into_string());
-        }
-        t(["you".to_string(), "know".to_string(), "I'm".to_string(),
-           "no".to_string(), "good".to_string()],
-          " ", "you know I'm no good");
-        let v: &[String] = [];
-        t(v, " ", "");
-        t(["hi".to_string()], " ", "hi");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_concat_slices() {
-        fn t(v: &[&str], s: &str) {
-            assert_eq!(v.concat(), s.to_str().into_string());
-        }
-        t(["you", "know", "I'm", "no", "good"], "youknowI'mnogood");
-        let v: &[&str] = [];
-        t(v, "");
-        t(["hi"], "hi");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_connect_slices() {
-        fn t(v: &[&str], sep: &str, s: &str) {
-            assert_eq!(v.connect(sep), s.to_str().into_string());
-        }
-        t(["you", "know", "I'm", "no", "good"],
-          " ", "you know I'm no good");
-        t([], " ", "");
-        t(["hi"], " ", "hi");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_repeat() {
-        assert_eq!("x".repeat(4), "xxxx".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("hi".repeat(4), "hihihihi".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("ไท华".repeat(3), "ไท华ไท华ไท华".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("".repeat(4), "".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("hi".repeat(0), "".to_string());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_unsafe_slice() {
-        assert_eq!("ab", unsafe {raw::slice_bytes("abc", 0, 2)});
-        assert_eq!("bc", unsafe {raw::slice_bytes("abc", 1, 3)});
-        assert_eq!("", unsafe {raw::slice_bytes("abc", 1, 1)});
-        fn a_million_letter_a() -> String {
-            let mut i = 0;
-            let mut rs = String::new();
-            while i < 100000 {
-                rs.push_str("aaaaaaaaaa");
-                i += 1;
-            }
-            rs
-        }
-        fn half_a_million_letter_a() -> String {
-            let mut i = 0;
-            let mut rs = String::new();
-            while i < 100000 {
-                rs.push_str("aaaaa");
-                i += 1;
-            }
-            rs
-        }
-        let letters = a_million_letter_a();
-        assert!(half_a_million_letter_a() ==
-            unsafe {raw::slice_bytes(letters.as_slice(),
-                                     0u,
-                                     500000)}.to_owned());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_starts_with() {
-        assert!(("".starts_with("")));
-        assert!(("abc".starts_with("")));
-        assert!(("abc".starts_with("a")));
-        assert!((!"a".starts_with("abc")));
-        assert!((!"".starts_with("abc")));
-        assert!((!"ödd".starts_with("-")));
-        assert!(("ödd".starts_with("öd")));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_ends_with() {
-        assert!(("".ends_with("")));
-        assert!(("abc".ends_with("")));
-        assert!(("abc".ends_with("c")));
-        assert!((!"a".ends_with("abc")));
-        assert!((!"".ends_with("abc")));
-        assert!((!"ddö".ends_with("-")));
-        assert!(("ddö".ends_with("dö")));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_is_empty() {
-        assert!("".is_empty());
-        assert!(!"a".is_empty());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_replace() {
-        let a = "a";
-        assert_eq!("".replace(a, "b"), "".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("a".replace(a, "b"), "b".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("ab".replace(a, "b"), "bb".to_string());
-        let test = "test";
-        assert!(" test test ".replace(test, "toast") ==
-            " toast toast ".to_string());
-        assert_eq!(" test test ".replace(test, ""), "   ".to_string());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_replace_2a() {
-        let data = "ประเทศไทย中华";
-        let repl = "دولة الكويت";
-
-        let a = "ประเ";
-        let a2 = "دولة الكويتทศไทย中华";
-        assert_eq!(data.replace(a, repl).as_slice(), a2);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_replace_2b() {
-        let data = "ประเทศไทย中华";
-        let repl = "دولة الكويت";
-
-        let b = "ะเ";
-        let b2 = "ปรدولة الكويتทศไทย中华";
-        assert_eq!(data.replace(b, repl).as_slice(), b2);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_replace_2c() {
-        let data = "ประเทศไทย中华";
-        let repl = "دولة الكويت";
-
-        let c = "中华";
-        let c2 = "ประเทศไทยدولة الكويت";
-        assert_eq!(data.replace(c, repl).as_slice(), c2);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_replace_2d() {
-        let data = "ประเทศไทย中华";
-        let repl = "دولة الكويت";
-
-        let d = "ไท华";
-        assert_eq!(data.replace(d, repl).as_slice(), data);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_slice() {
-        assert_eq!("ab", "abc".slice(0, 2));
-        assert_eq!("bc", "abc".slice(1, 3));
-        assert_eq!("", "abc".slice(1, 1));
-        assert_eq!("\u65e5", "\u65e5\u672c".slice(0, 3));
-
-        let data = "ประเทศไทย中华";
-        assert_eq!("ป", data.slice(0, 3));
-        assert_eq!("ร", data.slice(3, 6));
-        assert_eq!("", data.slice(3, 3));
-        assert_eq!("华", data.slice(30, 33));
-
-        fn a_million_letter_X() -> String {
-            let mut i = 0;
-            let mut rs = String::new();
-            while i < 100000 {
-                rs.push_str("华华华华华华华华华华");
-                i += 1;
-            }
-            rs
-        }
-        fn half_a_million_letter_X() -> String {
-            let mut i = 0;
-            let mut rs = String::new();
-            while i < 100000 {
-                rs.push_str("华华华华华");
-                i += 1;
-            }
-            rs
-        }
-        let letters = a_million_letter_X();
-        assert!(half_a_million_letter_X() ==
-            letters.as_slice().slice(0u, 3u * 500000u).to_owned());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_slice_2() {
-        let ss = "中华Việt Nam";
-
-        assert_eq!("华", ss.slice(3u, 6u));
-        assert_eq!("Việt Nam", ss.slice(6u, 16u));
-
-        assert_eq!("ab", "abc".slice(0u, 2u));
-        assert_eq!("bc", "abc".slice(1u, 3u));
-        assert_eq!("", "abc".slice(1u, 1u));
-
-        assert_eq!("中", ss.slice(0u, 3u));
-        assert_eq!("华V", ss.slice(3u, 7u));
-        assert_eq!("", ss.slice(3u, 3u));
-        /*0: 中
-          3: 华
-          6: V
-          7: i
-          8: ệ
-         11: t
-         12:
-         13: N
-         14: a
-         15: m */
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    #[should_fail]
-    fn test_slice_fail() {
-        "中华Việt Nam".slice(0u, 2u);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_slice_from() {
-        assert_eq!("abcd".slice_from(0), "abcd");
-        assert_eq!("abcd".slice_from(2), "cd");
-        assert_eq!("abcd".slice_from(4), "");
-    }
-    #[test]
-    fn test_slice_to() {
-        assert_eq!("abcd".slice_to(0), "");
-        assert_eq!("abcd".slice_to(2), "ab");
-        assert_eq!("abcd".slice_to(4), "abcd");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_trim_left_chars() {
-        let v: &[char] = &[];
-        assert_eq!(" *** foo *** ".trim_left_chars(v), " *** foo *** ");
-        assert_eq!(" *** foo *** ".trim_left_chars(&['*', ' ']), "foo *** ");
-        assert_eq!(" ***  *** ".trim_left_chars(&['*', ' ']), "");
-        assert_eq!("foo *** ".trim_left_chars(&['*', ' ']), "foo *** ");
-
-        assert_eq!("11foo1bar11".trim_left_chars('1'), "foo1bar11");
-        assert_eq!("12foo1bar12".trim_left_chars(&['1', '2']), "foo1bar12");
-        assert_eq!("123foo1bar123".trim_left_chars(|c: char| c.is_digit()), "foo1bar123");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_trim_right_chars() {
-        let v: &[char] = &[];
-        assert_eq!(" *** foo *** ".trim_right_chars(v), " *** foo *** ");
-        assert_eq!(" *** foo *** ".trim_right_chars(&['*', ' ']), " *** foo");
-        assert_eq!(" ***  *** ".trim_right_chars(&['*', ' ']), "");
-        assert_eq!(" *** foo".trim_right_chars(&['*', ' ']), " *** foo");
-
-        assert_eq!("11foo1bar11".trim_right_chars('1'), "11foo1bar");
-        assert_eq!("12foo1bar12".trim_right_chars(&['1', '2']), "12foo1bar");
-        assert_eq!("123foo1bar123".trim_right_chars(|c: char| c.is_digit()), "123foo1bar");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_trim_chars() {
-        let v: &[char] = &[];
-        assert_eq!(" *** foo *** ".trim_chars(v), " *** foo *** ");
-        assert_eq!(" *** foo *** ".trim_chars(&['*', ' ']), "foo");
-        assert_eq!(" ***  *** ".trim_chars(&['*', ' ']), "");
-        assert_eq!("foo".trim_chars(&['*', ' ']), "foo");
-
-        assert_eq!("11foo1bar11".trim_chars('1'), "foo1bar");
-        assert_eq!("12foo1bar12".trim_chars(&['1', '2']), "foo1bar");
-        assert_eq!("123foo1bar123".trim_chars(|c: char| c.is_digit()), "foo1bar");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_trim_left() {
-        assert_eq!("".trim_left(), "");
-        assert_eq!("a".trim_left(), "a");
-        assert_eq!("    ".trim_left(), "");
-        assert_eq!("     blah".trim_left(), "blah");
-        assert_eq!("   \u3000  wut".trim_left(), "wut");
-        assert_eq!("hey ".trim_left(), "hey ");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_trim_right() {
-        assert_eq!("".trim_right(), "");
-        assert_eq!("a".trim_right(), "a");
-        assert_eq!("    ".trim_right(), "");
-        assert_eq!("blah     ".trim_right(), "blah");
-        assert_eq!("wut   \u3000  ".trim_right(), "wut");
-        assert_eq!(" hey".trim_right(), " hey");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_trim() {
-        assert_eq!("".trim(), "");
-        assert_eq!("a".trim(), "a");
-        assert_eq!("    ".trim(), "");
-        assert_eq!("    blah     ".trim(), "blah");
-        assert_eq!("\nwut   \u3000  ".trim(), "wut");
-        assert_eq!(" hey dude ".trim(), "hey dude");
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_is_whitespace() {
-        assert!("".is_whitespace());
-        assert!(" ".is_whitespace());
-        assert!("\u2009".is_whitespace()); // Thin space
-        assert!("  \n\t   ".is_whitespace());
-        assert!(!"   _   ".is_whitespace());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_slice_shift_char() {
-        let data = "ประเทศไทย中";
-        assert_eq!(data.slice_shift_char(), (Some('ป'), "ระเทศไทย中"));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_slice_shift_char_2() {
-        let empty = "";
-        assert_eq!(empty.slice_shift_char(), (None, ""));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_is_utf8() {
-        // deny overlong encodings
-        assert!(!is_utf8([0xc0, 0x80]));
-        assert!(!is_utf8([0xc0, 0xae]));
-        assert!(!is_utf8([0xe0, 0x80, 0x80]));
-        assert!(!is_utf8([0xe0, 0x80, 0xaf]));
-        assert!(!is_utf8([0xe0, 0x81, 0x81]));
-        assert!(!is_utf8([0xf0, 0x82, 0x82, 0xac]));
-        assert!(!is_utf8([0xf4, 0x90, 0x80, 0x80]));
-
-        // deny surrogates
-        assert!(!is_utf8([0xED, 0xA0, 0x80]));
-        assert!(!is_utf8([0xED, 0xBF, 0xBF]));
-
-        assert!(is_utf8([0xC2, 0x80]));
-        assert!(is_utf8([0xDF, 0xBF]));
-        assert!(is_utf8([0xE0, 0xA0, 0x80]));
-        assert!(is_utf8([0xED, 0x9F, 0xBF]));
-        assert!(is_utf8([0xEE, 0x80, 0x80]));
-        assert!(is_utf8([0xEF, 0xBF, 0xBF]));
-        assert!(is_utf8([0xF0, 0x90, 0x80, 0x80]));
-        assert!(is_utf8([0xF4, 0x8F, 0xBF, 0xBF]));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_is_utf16() {
-        macro_rules! pos ( ($($e:expr),*) => { { $(assert!(is_utf16($e));)* } });
-
-        // non-surrogates
-        pos!([0x0000],
-             [0x0001, 0x0002],
-             [0xD7FF],
-             [0xE000]);
-
-        // surrogate pairs (randomly generated with Python 3's
-        // .encode('utf-16be'))
-        pos!([0xdb54, 0xdf16, 0xd880, 0xdee0, 0xdb6a, 0xdd45],
-             [0xd91f, 0xdeb1, 0xdb31, 0xdd84, 0xd8e2, 0xde14],
-             [0xdb9f, 0xdc26, 0xdb6f, 0xde58, 0xd850, 0xdfae]);
-
-        // mixtures (also random)
-        pos!([0xd921, 0xdcc2, 0x002d, 0x004d, 0xdb32, 0xdf65],
-             [0xdb45, 0xdd2d, 0x006a, 0xdacd, 0xddfe, 0x0006],
-             [0x0067, 0xd8ff, 0xddb7, 0x000f, 0xd900, 0xdc80]);
-
-        // negative tests
-        macro_rules! neg ( ($($e:expr),*) => { { $(assert!(!is_utf16($e));)* } });
-
-        neg!(
-            // surrogate + regular unit
-            [0xdb45, 0x0000],
-            // surrogate + lead surrogate
-            [0xd900, 0xd900],
-            // unterminated surrogate
-            [0xd8ff],
-            // trail surrogate without a lead
-            [0xddb7]);
-
-        // random byte sequences that Python 3's .decode('utf-16be')
-        // failed on
-        neg!([0x5b3d, 0x0141, 0xde9e, 0x8fdc, 0xc6e7],
-             [0xdf5a, 0x82a5, 0x62b9, 0xb447, 0x92f3],
-             [0xda4e, 0x42bc, 0x4462, 0xee98, 0xc2ca],
-             [0xbe00, 0xb04a, 0x6ecb, 0xdd89, 0xe278],
-             [0x0465, 0xab56, 0xdbb6, 0xa893, 0x665e],
-             [0x6b7f, 0x0a19, 0x40f4, 0xa657, 0xdcc5],
-             [0x9b50, 0xda5e, 0x24ec, 0x03ad, 0x6dee],
-             [0x8d17, 0xcaa7, 0xf4ae, 0xdf6e, 0xbed7],
-             [0xdaee, 0x2584, 0x7d30, 0xa626, 0x121a],
-             [0xd956, 0x4b43, 0x7570, 0xccd6, 0x4f4a],
-             [0x9dcf, 0x1b49, 0x4ba5, 0xfce9, 0xdffe],
-             [0x6572, 0xce53, 0xb05a, 0xf6af, 0xdacf],
-             [0x1b90, 0x728c, 0x9906, 0xdb68, 0xf46e],
-             [0x1606, 0xbeca, 0xbe76, 0x860f, 0xdfa5],
-             [0x8b4f, 0xde7a, 0xd220, 0x9fac, 0x2b6f],
-             [0xb8fe, 0xebbe, 0xda32, 0x1a5f, 0x8b8b],
-             [0x934b, 0x8956, 0xc434, 0x1881, 0xddf7],
-             [0x5a95, 0x13fc, 0xf116, 0xd89b, 0x93f9],
-             [0xd640, 0x71f1, 0xdd7d, 0x77eb, 0x1cd8],
-             [0x348b, 0xaef0, 0xdb2c, 0xebf1, 0x1282],
-             [0x50d7, 0xd824, 0x5010, 0xb369, 0x22ea]);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_raw_from_c_str() {
-        unsafe {
-            let a = box [65, 65, 65, 65, 65, 65, 65, 0];
-            let b = a.as_ptr();
-            let c = raw::from_c_str(b);
-            assert_eq!(c, "AAAAAAA".to_string());
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_as_bytes() {
-        // no null
-        let v = [
-            224, 184, 168, 224, 185, 132, 224, 184, 151, 224, 184, 162, 228,
-            184, 173, 229, 141, 142, 86, 105, 225, 187, 135, 116, 32, 78, 97,
-            109
-        ];
-        assert_eq!("".as_bytes(), &[]);
-        assert_eq!("abc".as_bytes(), &['a' as u8, 'b' as u8, 'c' as u8]);
-        assert_eq!("ศไทย中华Việt Nam".as_bytes(), v.as_slice());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    #[should_fail]
-    fn test_as_bytes_fail() {
-        // Don't double free. (I'm not sure if this exercises the
-        // original problem code path anymore.)
-        let s = "".to_string();
-        let _bytes = s.as_bytes();
-        fail!();
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_as_ptr() {
-        let buf = "hello".as_ptr();
-        unsafe {
-            assert_eq!(*buf.offset(0), 'h' as u8);
-            assert_eq!(*buf.offset(1), 'e' as u8);
-            assert_eq!(*buf.offset(2), 'l' as u8);
-            assert_eq!(*buf.offset(3), 'l' as u8);
-            assert_eq!(*buf.offset(4), 'o' as u8);
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_subslice_offset() {
-        let a = "kernelsprite";
-        let b = a.slice(7, a.len());
-        let c = a.slice(0, a.len() - 6);
-        assert_eq!(a.subslice_offset(b), 7);
-        assert_eq!(a.subslice_offset(c), 0);
-
-        let string = "a\nb\nc";
-        let lines: Vec<&str> = string.lines().collect();
-        let lines = lines.as_slice();
-        assert_eq!(string.subslice_offset(lines[0]), 0);
-        assert_eq!(string.subslice_offset(lines[1]), 2);
-        assert_eq!(string.subslice_offset(lines[2]), 4);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    #[should_fail]
-    fn test_subslice_offset_2() {
-        let a = "alchemiter";
-        let b = "cruxtruder";
-        a.subslice_offset(b);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn vec_str_conversions() {
-        let s1: String = "All mimsy were the borogoves".to_string();
-
-        let v: Vec<u8> = Vec::from_slice(s1.as_bytes());
-        let s2: String = from_utf8(v.as_slice()).unwrap().to_string();
-        let mut i: uint = 0u;
-        let n1: uint = s1.len();
-        let n2: uint = v.len();
-        assert_eq!(n1, n2);
-        while i < n1 {
-            let a: u8 = s1.as_slice()[i];
-            let b: u8 = s2.as_slice()[i];
-            debug!("{}", a);
-            debug!("{}", b);
-            assert_eq!(a, b);
-            i += 1u;
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_contains() {
-        assert!("abcde".contains("bcd"));
-        assert!("abcde".contains("abcd"));
-        assert!("abcde".contains("bcde"));
-        assert!("abcde".contains(""));
-        assert!("".contains(""));
-        assert!(!"abcde".contains("def"));
-        assert!(!"".contains("a"));
-
-        let data = "ประเทศไทย中华Việt Nam";
-        assert!(data.contains("ประเ"));
-        assert!(data.contains("ะเ"));
-        assert!(data.contains("中华"));
-        assert!(!data.contains("ไท华"));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_contains_char() {
-        assert!("abc".contains_char('b'));
-        assert!("a".contains_char('a'));
-        assert!(!"abc".contains_char('d'));
-        assert!(!"".contains_char('a'));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_utf16() {
-        let pairs =
-            [("𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌰\n".to_string(),
-              vec![0xd800_u16, 0xdf45_u16, 0xd800_u16, 0xdf3f_u16,
-                0xd800_u16, 0xdf3b_u16, 0xd800_u16, 0xdf46_u16,
-                0xd800_u16, 0xdf39_u16, 0xd800_u16, 0xdf3b_u16,
-                0xd800_u16, 0xdf30_u16, 0x000a_u16]),
-
-             ("𐐒𐑉𐐮𐑀𐐲𐑋 𐐏𐐲𐑍\n".to_string(),
-              vec![0xd801_u16, 0xdc12_u16, 0xd801_u16,
-                0xdc49_u16, 0xd801_u16, 0xdc2e_u16, 0xd801_u16,
-                0xdc40_u16, 0xd801_u16, 0xdc32_u16, 0xd801_u16,
-                0xdc4b_u16, 0x0020_u16, 0xd801_u16, 0xdc0f_u16,
-                0xd801_u16, 0xdc32_u16, 0xd801_u16, 0xdc4d_u16,
-                0x000a_u16]),
-
-             ("𐌀𐌖𐌋𐌄𐌑𐌉·𐌌𐌄𐌕𐌄𐌋𐌉𐌑\n".to_string(),
-              vec![0xd800_u16, 0xdf00_u16, 0xd800_u16, 0xdf16_u16,
-                0xd800_u16, 0xdf0b_u16, 0xd800_u16, 0xdf04_u16,
-                0xd800_u16, 0xdf11_u16, 0xd800_u16, 0xdf09_u16,
-                0x00b7_u16, 0xd800_u16, 0xdf0c_u16, 0xd800_u16,
-                0xdf04_u16, 0xd800_u16, 0xdf15_u16, 0xd800_u16,
-                0xdf04_u16, 0xd800_u16, 0xdf0b_u16, 0xd800_u16,
-                0xdf09_u16, 0xd800_u16, 0xdf11_u16, 0x000a_u16 ]),
-
-             ("𐒋𐒘𐒈𐒑𐒛𐒒 𐒕𐒓 𐒈𐒚𐒍 𐒏𐒜𐒒𐒖𐒆 𐒕𐒆\n".to_string(),
-              vec![0xd801_u16, 0xdc8b_u16, 0xd801_u16, 0xdc98_u16,
-                0xd801_u16, 0xdc88_u16, 0xd801_u16, 0xdc91_u16,
-                0xd801_u16, 0xdc9b_u16, 0xd801_u16, 0xdc92_u16,
-                0x0020_u16, 0xd801_u16, 0xdc95_u16, 0xd801_u16,
-                0xdc93_u16, 0x0020_u16, 0xd801_u16, 0xdc88_u16,
-                0xd801_u16, 0xdc9a_u16, 0xd801_u16, 0xdc8d_u16,
-                0x0020_u16, 0xd801_u16, 0xdc8f_u16, 0xd801_u16,
-                0xdc9c_u16, 0xd801_u16, 0xdc92_u16, 0xd801_u16,
-                0xdc96_u16, 0xd801_u16, 0xdc86_u16, 0x0020_u16,
-                0xd801_u16, 0xdc95_u16, 0xd801_u16, 0xdc86_u16,
-                0x000a_u16 ]),
-             // Issue #12318, even-numbered non-BMP planes
-             ("\U00020000".to_string(),
-              vec![0xD840, 0xDC00])];
-
-        for p in pairs.iter() {
-            let (s, u) = (*p).clone();
-            assert!(is_utf16(u.as_slice()));
-            assert_eq!(s.to_utf16(), u);
-
-            assert_eq!(from_utf16(u.as_slice()).unwrap(), s);
-            assert_eq!(from_utf16_lossy(u.as_slice()), s);
-
-            assert_eq!(from_utf16(s.to_utf16().as_slice()).unwrap(), s);
-            assert_eq!(from_utf16(u.as_slice()).unwrap().to_utf16(), u);
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_utf16_invalid() {
-        // completely positive cases tested above.
-        // lead + eof
-        assert_eq!(from_utf16([0xD800]), None);
-        // lead + lead
-        assert_eq!(from_utf16([0xD800, 0xD800]), None);
-
-        // isolated trail
-        assert_eq!(from_utf16([0x0061, 0xDC00]), None);
-
-        // general
-        assert_eq!(from_utf16([0xD800, 0xd801, 0xdc8b, 0xD800]), None);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_utf16_lossy() {
-        // completely positive cases tested above.
-        // lead + eof
-        assert_eq!(from_utf16_lossy([0xD800]), "\uFFFD".to_string());
-        // lead + lead
-        assert_eq!(from_utf16_lossy([0xD800, 0xD800]), "\uFFFD\uFFFD".to_string());
-
-        // isolated trail
-        assert_eq!(from_utf16_lossy([0x0061, 0xDC00]), "a\uFFFD".to_string());
-
-        // general
-        assert_eq!(from_utf16_lossy([0xD800, 0xd801, 0xdc8b, 0xD800]),
-                   "\uFFFD𐒋\uFFFD".to_string());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_truncate_utf16_at_nul() {
-        let v = [];
-        assert_eq!(truncate_utf16_at_nul(v), &[]);
-
-        let v = [0, 2, 3];
-        assert_eq!(truncate_utf16_at_nul(v), &[]);
-
-        let v = [1, 0, 3];
-        assert_eq!(truncate_utf16_at_nul(v), &[1]);
-
-        let v = [1, 2, 0];
-        assert_eq!(truncate_utf16_at_nul(v), &[1, 2]);
-
-        let v = [1, 2, 3];
-        assert_eq!(truncate_utf16_at_nul(v), &[1, 2, 3]);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_char_at() {
-        let s = "ศไทย中华Việt Nam";
-        let v = box ['ศ','ไ','ท','ย','中','华','V','i','ệ','t',' ','N','a','m'];
-        let mut pos = 0;
-        for ch in v.iter() {
-            assert!(s.char_at(pos) == *ch);
-            pos += from_char(*ch).len();
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_char_at_reverse() {
-        let s = "ศไทย中华Việt Nam";
-        let v = box ['ศ','ไ','ท','ย','中','华','V','i','ệ','t',' ','N','a','m'];
-        let mut pos = s.len();
-        for ch in v.iter().rev() {
-            assert!(s.char_at_reverse(pos) == *ch);
-            pos -= from_char(*ch).len();
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_escape_unicode() {
-        assert_eq!("abc".escape_unicode(), "\\x61\\x62\\x63".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("a c".escape_unicode(), "\\x61\\x20\\x63".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\r\n\t".escape_unicode(), "\\x0d\\x0a\\x09".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("'\"\\".escape_unicode(), "\\x27\\x22\\x5c".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\x00\x01\xfe\xff".escape_unicode(), "\\x00\\x01\\xfe\\xff".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\u0100\uffff".escape_unicode(), "\\u0100\\uffff".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\U00010000\U0010ffff".escape_unicode(), "\\U00010000\\U0010ffff".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("ab\ufb00".escape_unicode(), "\\x61\\x62\\ufb00".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\U0001d4ea\r".escape_unicode(), "\\U0001d4ea\\x0d".to_string());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_escape_default() {
-        assert_eq!("abc".escape_default(), "abc".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("a c".escape_default(), "a c".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\r\n\t".escape_default(), "\\r\\n\\t".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("'\"\\".escape_default(), "\\'\\\"\\\\".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\u0100\uffff".escape_default(), "\\u0100\\uffff".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\U00010000\U0010ffff".escape_default(), "\\U00010000\\U0010ffff".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("ab\ufb00".escape_default(), "ab\\ufb00".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\U0001d4ea\r".escape_default(), "\\U0001d4ea\\r".to_string());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_total_ord() {
-        "1234".cmp(&("123")) == Greater;
-        "123".cmp(&("1234")) == Less;
-        "1234".cmp(&("1234")) == Equal;
-        "12345555".cmp(&("123456")) == Less;
-        "22".cmp(&("1234")) == Greater;
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_char_range_at() {
-        let data = "b¢€𤭢𤭢€¢b";
-        assert_eq!('b', data.char_range_at(0).ch);
-        assert_eq!('¢', data.char_range_at(1).ch);
-        assert_eq!('€', data.char_range_at(3).ch);
-        assert_eq!('𤭢', data.char_range_at(6).ch);
-        assert_eq!('𤭢', data.char_range_at(10).ch);
-        assert_eq!('€', data.char_range_at(14).ch);
-        assert_eq!('¢', data.char_range_at(17).ch);
-        assert_eq!('b', data.char_range_at(19).ch);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_char_range_at_reverse_underflow() {
-        assert_eq!("abc".char_range_at_reverse(0).next, 0);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_iterator() {
-        use iter::*;
-        let s = "ศไทย中华Việt Nam";
-        let v = box ['ศ','ไ','ท','ย','中','华','V','i','ệ','t',' ','N','a','m'];
-
-        let mut pos = 0;
-        let mut it = s.chars();
-
-        for c in it {
-            assert_eq!(c, v[pos]);
-            pos += 1;
-        }
-        assert_eq!(pos, v.len());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_rev_iterator() {
-        use iter::*;
-        let s = "ศไทย中华Việt Nam";
-        let v = box ['m', 'a', 'N', ' ', 't', 'ệ','i','V','华','中','ย','ท','ไ','ศ'];
-
-        let mut pos = 0;
-        let mut it = s.chars().rev();
-
-        for c in it {
-            assert_eq!(c, v[pos]);
-            pos += 1;
-        }
-        assert_eq!(pos, v.len());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_iterator_clone() {
-        let s = "ศไทย中华Việt Nam";
-        let mut it = s.chars();
-        it.next();
-        assert!(it.zip(it.clone()).all(|(x,y)| x == y));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_bytesator() {
-        let s = "ศไทย中华Việt Nam";
-        let v = [
-            224, 184, 168, 224, 185, 132, 224, 184, 151, 224, 184, 162, 228,
-            184, 173, 229, 141, 142, 86, 105, 225, 187, 135, 116, 32, 78, 97,
-            109
-        ];
-        let mut pos = 0;
-
-        for b in s.bytes() {
-            assert_eq!(b, v[pos]);
-            pos += 1;
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_bytes_revator() {
-        let s = "ศไทย中华Việt Nam";
-        let v = [
-            224, 184, 168, 224, 185, 132, 224, 184, 151, 224, 184, 162, 228,
-            184, 173, 229, 141, 142, 86, 105, 225, 187, 135, 116, 32, 78, 97,
-            109
-        ];
-        let mut pos = v.len();
-
-        for b in s.bytes().rev() {
-            pos -= 1;
-            assert_eq!(b, v[pos]);
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_char_indicesator() {
-        use iter::*;
-        let s = "ศไทย中华Việt Nam";
-        let p = [0, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 19, 20, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27];
-        let v = ['ศ','ไ','ท','ย','中','华','V','i','ệ','t',' ','N','a','m'];
-
-        let mut pos = 0;
-        let mut it = s.char_indices();
-
-        for c in it {
-            assert_eq!(c, (p[pos], v[pos]));
-            pos += 1;
-        }
-        assert_eq!(pos, v.len());
-        assert_eq!(pos, p.len());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_char_indices_revator() {
-        use iter::*;
-        let s = "ศไทย中华Việt Nam";
-        let p = [27, 26, 25, 24, 23, 20, 19, 18, 15, 12, 9, 6, 3, 0];
-        let v = ['m', 'a', 'N', ' ', 't', 'ệ','i','V','华','中','ย','ท','ไ','ศ'];
-
-        let mut pos = 0;
-        let mut it = s.char_indices().rev();
-
-        for c in it {
-            assert_eq!(c, (p[pos], v[pos]));
-            pos += 1;
-        }
-        assert_eq!(pos, v.len());
-        assert_eq!(pos, p.len());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_split_char_iterator() {
-        let data = "\nMäry häd ä little lämb\nLittle lämb\n";
-
-        let split: Vec<&str> = data.split(' ').collect();
-        assert_eq!( split, vec!["\nMäry", "häd", "ä", "little", "lämb\nLittle", "lämb\n"]);
-
-        let mut rsplit: Vec<&str> = data.split(' ').rev().collect();
-        rsplit.reverse();
-        assert_eq!(rsplit, vec!["\nMäry", "häd", "ä", "little", "lämb\nLittle", "lämb\n"]);
-
-        let split: Vec<&str> = data.split(|c: char| c == ' ').collect();
-        assert_eq!( split, vec!["\nMäry", "häd", "ä", "little", "lämb\nLittle", "lämb\n"]);
-
-        let mut rsplit: Vec<&str> = data.split(|c: char| c == ' ').rev().collect();
-        rsplit.reverse();
-        assert_eq!(rsplit, vec!["\nMäry", "häd", "ä", "little", "lämb\nLittle", "lämb\n"]);
-
-        // Unicode
-        let split: Vec<&str> = data.split('ä').collect();
-        assert_eq!( split, vec!["\nM", "ry h", "d ", " little l", "mb\nLittle l", "mb\n"]);
-
-        let mut rsplit: Vec<&str> = data.split('ä').rev().collect();
-        rsplit.reverse();
-        assert_eq!(rsplit, vec!["\nM", "ry h", "d ", " little l", "mb\nLittle l", "mb\n"]);
-
-        let split: Vec<&str> = data.split(|c: char| c == 'ä').collect();
-        assert_eq!( split, vec!["\nM", "ry h", "d ", " little l", "mb\nLittle l", "mb\n"]);
-
-        let mut rsplit: Vec<&str> = data.split(|c: char| c == 'ä').rev().collect();
-        rsplit.reverse();
-        assert_eq!(rsplit, vec!["\nM", "ry h", "d ", " little l", "mb\nLittle l", "mb\n"]);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_splitn_char_iterator() {
-        let data = "\nMäry häd ä little lämb\nLittle lämb\n";
-
-        let split: Vec<&str> = data.splitn(' ', 3).collect();
-        assert_eq!(split, vec!["\nMäry", "häd", "ä", "little lämb\nLittle lämb\n"]);
-
-        let split: Vec<&str> = data.splitn(|c: char| c == ' ', 3).collect();
-        assert_eq!(split, vec!["\nMäry", "häd", "ä", "little lämb\nLittle lämb\n"]);
-
-        // Unicode
-        let split: Vec<&str> = data.splitn('ä', 3).collect();
-        assert_eq!(split, vec!["\nM", "ry h", "d ", " little lämb\nLittle lämb\n"]);
-
-        let split: Vec<&str> = data.splitn(|c: char| c == 'ä', 3).collect();
-        assert_eq!(split, vec!["\nM", "ry h", "d ", " little lämb\nLittle lämb\n"]);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_rsplitn_char_iterator() {
-        let data = "\nMäry häd ä little lämb\nLittle lämb\n";
-
-        let mut split: Vec<&str> = data.rsplitn(' ', 3).collect();
-        split.reverse();
-        assert_eq!(split, vec!["\nMäry häd ä", "little", "lämb\nLittle", "lämb\n"]);
-
-        let mut split: Vec<&str> = data.rsplitn(|c: char| c == ' ', 3).collect();
-        split.reverse();
-        assert_eq!(split, vec!["\nMäry häd ä", "little", "lämb\nLittle", "lämb\n"]);
-
-        // Unicode
-        let mut split: Vec<&str> = data.rsplitn('ä', 3).collect();
-        split.reverse();
-        assert_eq!(split, vec!["\nMäry häd ", " little l", "mb\nLittle l", "mb\n"]);
-
-        let mut split: Vec<&str> = data.rsplitn(|c: char| c == 'ä', 3).collect();
-        split.reverse();
-        assert_eq!(split, vec!["\nMäry häd ", " little l", "mb\nLittle l", "mb\n"]);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_split_char_iterator_no_trailing() {
-        let data = "\nMäry häd ä little lämb\nLittle lämb\n";
-
-        let split: Vec<&str> = data.split('\n').collect();
-        assert_eq!(split, vec!["", "Märy häd ä little lämb", "Little lämb", ""]);
-
-        let split: Vec<&str> = data.split_terminator('\n').collect();
-        assert_eq!(split, vec!["", "Märy häd ä little lämb", "Little lämb"]);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_rev_split_char_iterator_no_trailing() {
-        let data = "\nMäry häd ä little lämb\nLittle lämb\n";
-
-        let mut split: Vec<&str> = data.split('\n').rev().collect();
-        split.reverse();
-        assert_eq!(split, vec!["", "Märy häd ä little lämb", "Little lämb", ""]);
-
-        let mut split: Vec<&str> = data.split_terminator('\n').rev().collect();
-        split.reverse();
-        assert_eq!(split, vec!["", "Märy häd ä little lämb", "Little lämb"]);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_words() {
-        let data = "\n \tMäry   häd\tä  little lämb\nLittle lämb\n";
-        let words: Vec<&str> = data.words().collect();
-        assert_eq!(words, vec!["Märy", "häd", "ä", "little", "lämb", "Little", "lämb"])
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_nfd_chars() {
-        assert_eq!("abc".nfd_chars().collect::<String>(), "abc".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\u1e0b\u01c4".nfd_chars().collect::<String>(), "d\u0307\u01c4".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\u2026".nfd_chars().collect::<String>(), "\u2026".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\u2126".nfd_chars().collect::<String>(), "\u03a9".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\u1e0b\u0323".nfd_chars().collect::<String>(), "d\u0323\u0307".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\u1e0d\u0307".nfd_chars().collect::<String>(), "d\u0323\u0307".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("a\u0301".nfd_chars().collect::<String>(), "a\u0301".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\u0301a".nfd_chars().collect::<String>(), "\u0301a".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\ud4db".nfd_chars().collect::<String>(), "\u1111\u1171\u11b6".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\uac1c".nfd_chars().collect::<String>(), "\u1100\u1162".to_string());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_nfkd_chars() {
-        assert_eq!("abc".nfkd_chars().collect::<String>(), "abc".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\u1e0b\u01c4".nfkd_chars().collect::<String>(), "d\u0307DZ\u030c".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\u2026".nfkd_chars().collect::<String>(), "...".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\u2126".nfkd_chars().collect::<String>(), "\u03a9".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\u1e0b\u0323".nfkd_chars().collect::<String>(), "d\u0323\u0307".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\u1e0d\u0307".nfkd_chars().collect::<String>(), "d\u0323\u0307".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("a\u0301".nfkd_chars().collect::<String>(), "a\u0301".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\u0301a".nfkd_chars().collect::<String>(), "\u0301a".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\ud4db".nfkd_chars().collect::<String>(), "\u1111\u1171\u11b6".to_string());
-        assert_eq!("\uac1c".nfkd_chars().collect::<String>(), "\u1100\u1162".to_string());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_lines() {
-        let data = "\nMäry häd ä little lämb\n\nLittle lämb\n";
-        let lines: Vec<&str> = data.lines().collect();
-        assert_eq!(lines, vec!["", "Märy häd ä little lämb", "", "Little lämb"]);
-
-        let data = "\nMäry häd ä little lämb\n\nLittle lämb"; // no trailing \n
-        let lines: Vec<&str> = data.lines().collect();
-        assert_eq!(lines, vec!["", "Märy häd ä little lämb", "", "Little lämb"]);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_split_strator() {
-        fn t(s: &str, sep: &str, u: &[&str]) {
-            let v: Vec<&str> = s.split_str(sep).collect();
-            assert_eq!(v.as_slice(), u.as_slice());
-        }
-        t("--1233345--", "12345", ["--1233345--"]);
-        t("abc::hello::there", "::", ["abc", "hello", "there"]);
-        t("::hello::there", "::", ["", "hello", "there"]);
-        t("hello::there::", "::", ["hello", "there", ""]);
-        t("::hello::there::", "::", ["", "hello", "there", ""]);
-        t("ประเทศไทย中华Việt Nam", "中华", ["ประเทศไทย", "Việt Nam"]);
-        t("zzXXXzzYYYzz", "zz", ["", "XXX", "YYY", ""]);
-        t("zzXXXzYYYz", "XXX", ["zz", "zYYYz"]);
-        t(".XXX.YYY.", ".", ["", "XXX", "YYY", ""]);
-        t("", ".", [""]);
-        t("zz", "zz", ["",""]);
-        t("ok", "z", ["ok"]);
-        t("zzz", "zz", ["","z"]);
-        t("zzzzz", "zz", ["","","z"]);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_str_default() {
-        use default::Default;
-        fn t<S: Default + Str>() {
-            let s: S = Default::default();
-            assert_eq!(s.as_slice(), "");
-        }
-
-        t::<&str>();
-        t::<String>();
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_str_container() {
-        fn sum_len<S: Container>(v: &[S]) -> uint {
-            v.iter().map(|x| x.len()).sum()
-        }
-
-        let s = "01234".to_string();
-        assert_eq!(5, sum_len(["012", "", "34"]));
-        assert_eq!(5, sum_len(["01".to_string(), "2".to_string(),
-                               "34".to_string(), "".to_string()]));
-        assert_eq!(5, sum_len([s.as_slice()]));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_str_from_utf8() {
-        let xs = bytes!("hello");
-        assert_eq!(from_utf8(xs), Some("hello"));
-
-        let xs = bytes!("ศไทย中华Việt Nam");
-        assert_eq!(from_utf8(xs), Some("ศไทย中华Việt Nam"));
-
-        let xs = bytes!("hello", 0xff);
-        assert_eq!(from_utf8(xs), None);
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_str_from_utf8_owned() {
-        let xs = Vec::from_slice(bytes!("hello"));
-        assert_eq!(from_utf8_owned(xs), Ok("hello".to_string()));
-
-        let xs = Vec::from_slice(bytes!("ศไทย中华Việt Nam"));
-        assert_eq!(from_utf8_owned(xs), Ok("ศไทย中华Việt Nam".to_string()));
-
-        let xs = Vec::from_slice(bytes!("hello", 0xff));
-        assert_eq!(from_utf8_owned(xs),
-                   Err(Vec::from_slice(bytes!("hello", 0xff))));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_str_from_utf8_lossy() {
-        let xs = bytes!("hello");
-        assert_eq!(from_utf8_lossy(xs), Slice("hello"));
-
-        let xs = bytes!("ศไทย中华Việt Nam");
-        assert_eq!(from_utf8_lossy(xs), Slice("ศไทย中华Việt Nam"));
-
-        let xs = bytes!("Hello", 0xC2, " There", 0xFF, " Goodbye");
-        assert_eq!(from_utf8_lossy(xs), Owned("Hello\uFFFD There\uFFFD Goodbye".to_string()));
-
-        let xs = bytes!("Hello", 0xC0, 0x80, " There", 0xE6, 0x83, " Goodbye");
-        assert_eq!(from_utf8_lossy(xs), Owned("Hello\uFFFD\uFFFD There\uFFFD Goodbye".to_string()));
-
-        let xs = bytes!(0xF5, "foo", 0xF5, 0x80, "bar");
-        assert_eq!(from_utf8_lossy(xs), Owned("\uFFFDfoo\uFFFD\uFFFDbar".to_string()));
-
-        let xs = bytes!(0xF1, "foo", 0xF1, 0x80, "bar", 0xF1, 0x80, 0x80, "baz");
-        assert_eq!(from_utf8_lossy(xs), Owned("\uFFFDfoo\uFFFDbar\uFFFDbaz".to_string()));
-
-        let xs = bytes!(0xF4, "foo", 0xF4, 0x80, "bar", 0xF4, 0xBF, "baz");
-        assert_eq!(from_utf8_lossy(xs), Owned("\uFFFDfoo\uFFFDbar\uFFFD\uFFFDbaz".to_string()));
-
-        let xs = bytes!(0xF0, 0x80, 0x80, 0x80, "foo", 0xF0, 0x90, 0x80, 0x80, "bar");
-        assert_eq!(from_utf8_lossy(xs), Owned("\uFFFD\uFFFD\uFFFD\uFFFD\
-                                               foo\U00010000bar".to_string()));
-
-        // surrogates
-        let xs = bytes!(0xED, 0xA0, 0x80, "foo", 0xED, 0xBF, 0xBF, "bar");
-        assert_eq!(from_utf8_lossy(xs), Owned("\uFFFD\uFFFD\uFFFDfoo\
-                                               \uFFFD\uFFFD\uFFFDbar".to_string()));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_from_str() {
-      let owned: Option<String> = from_str("string");
-      assert_eq!(owned, Some("string".to_string()));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_maybe_owned_traits() {
-        let s = Slice("abcde");
-        assert_eq!(s.len(), 5);
-        assert_eq!(s.as_slice(), "abcde");
-        assert_eq!(s.to_str(), "abcde".to_string());
-        assert_eq!(format!("{}", s), "abcde".to_string());
-        assert!(s.lt(&Owned("bcdef".to_string())));
-        assert_eq!(Slice(""), Default::default());
-
-        let o = Owned("abcde".to_string());
-        assert_eq!(o.len(), 5);
-        assert_eq!(o.as_slice(), "abcde");
-        assert_eq!(o.to_str(), "abcde".to_string());
-        assert_eq!(format!("{}", o), "abcde".to_string());
-        assert!(o.lt(&Slice("bcdef")));
-        assert_eq!(Owned("".to_string()), Default::default());
-
-        assert!(s.cmp(&o) == Equal);
-        assert!(s.equiv(&o));
-
-        assert!(o.cmp(&s) == Equal);
-        assert!(o.equiv(&s));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_maybe_owned_methods() {
-        let s = Slice("abcde");
-        assert!(s.is_slice());
-        assert!(!s.is_owned());
-
-        let o = Owned("abcde".to_string());
-        assert!(!o.is_slice());
-        assert!(o.is_owned());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_maybe_owned_clone() {
-        assert_eq!(Owned("abcde".to_string()), Slice("abcde").clone());
-        assert_eq!(Owned("abcde".to_string()), Owned("abcde".to_string()).clone());
-        assert_eq!(Slice("abcde"), Slice("abcde").clone());
-        assert_eq!(Slice("abcde"), Owned("abcde".to_string()).clone());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_maybe_owned_into_string() {
-        assert_eq!(Slice("abcde").into_string(), "abcde".to_string());
-        assert_eq!(Owned("abcde".to_string()).into_string(), "abcde".to_string());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn test_into_maybe_owned() {
-        assert_eq!("abcde".into_maybe_owned(), Slice("abcde"));
-        assert_eq!(("abcde".to_string()).into_maybe_owned(), Slice("abcde"));
-        assert_eq!("abcde".into_maybe_owned(), Owned("abcde".to_string()));
-        assert_eq!(("abcde".to_string()).into_maybe_owned(), Owned("abcde".to_string()));
-    }
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod bench {
-    extern crate test;
-    use self::test::Bencher;
-    use super::*;
-    use prelude::*;
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn char_iterator(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = "ศไทย中华Việt Nam; Mary had a little lamb, Little lamb";
-        let len = s.char_len();
-
-        b.iter(|| assert_eq!(s.chars().len(), len));
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn char_iterator_ascii(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = "Mary had a little lamb, Little lamb
-        Mary had a little lamb, Little lamb
-        Mary had a little lamb, Little lamb
-        Mary had a little lamb, Little lamb
-        Mary had a little lamb, Little lamb
-        Mary had a little lamb, Little lamb";
-        let len = s.char_len();
-
-        b.iter(|| assert_eq!(s.chars().len(), len));
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn char_iterator_rev(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = "ศไทย中华Việt Nam; Mary had a little lamb, Little lamb";
-        let len = s.char_len();
-
-        b.iter(|| assert_eq!(s.chars().rev().len(), len));
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn char_indicesator(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = "ศไทย中华Việt Nam; Mary had a little lamb, Little lamb";
-        let len = s.char_len();
-
-        b.iter(|| assert_eq!(s.char_indices().len(), len));
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn char_indicesator_rev(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = "ศไทย中华Việt Nam; Mary had a little lamb, Little lamb";
-        let len = s.char_len();
-
-        b.iter(|| assert_eq!(s.char_indices().rev().len(), len));
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn split_unicode_ascii(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = "ประเทศไทย中华Việt Namประเทศไทย中华Việt Nam";
-
-        b.iter(|| assert_eq!(s.split('V').len(), 3));
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn split_unicode_not_ascii(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        struct NotAscii(char);
-        impl CharEq for NotAscii {
-            fn matches(&mut self, c: char) -> bool {
-                let NotAscii(cc) = *self;
-                cc == c
-            }
-            fn only_ascii(&self) -> bool { false }
-        }
-        let s = "ประเทศไทย中华Việt Namประเทศไทย中华Việt Nam";
-
-        b.iter(|| assert_eq!(s.split(NotAscii('V')).len(), 3));
-    }
-
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn split_ascii(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = "Mary had a little lamb, Little lamb, little-lamb.";
-        let len = s.split(' ').len();
-
-        b.iter(|| assert_eq!(s.split(' ').len(), len));
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn split_not_ascii(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        struct NotAscii(char);
-        impl CharEq for NotAscii {
-            #[inline]
-            fn matches(&mut self, c: char) -> bool {
-                let NotAscii(cc) = *self;
-                cc == c
-            }
-            fn only_ascii(&self) -> bool { false }
-        }
-        let s = "Mary had a little lamb, Little lamb, little-lamb.";
-        let len = s.split(' ').len();
-
-        b.iter(|| assert_eq!(s.split(NotAscii(' ')).len(), len));
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn split_extern_fn(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = "Mary had a little lamb, Little lamb, little-lamb.";
-        let len = s.split(' ').len();
-        fn pred(c: char) -> bool { c == ' ' }
-
-        b.iter(|| assert_eq!(s.split(pred).len(), len));
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn split_closure(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = "Mary had a little lamb, Little lamb, little-lamb.";
-        let len = s.split(' ').len();
-
-        b.iter(|| assert_eq!(s.split(|c: char| c == ' ').len(), len));
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn split_slice(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = "Mary had a little lamb, Little lamb, little-lamb.";
-        let len = s.split(' ').len();
-
-        b.iter(|| assert_eq!(s.split(&[' ']).len(), len));
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn is_utf8_100_ascii(b: &mut Bencher) {
-
-        let s = bytes!("Hello there, the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog! \
-                        Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur. ");
-
-        assert_eq!(100, s.len());
-        b.iter(|| {
-            is_utf8(s)
-        });
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn is_utf8_100_multibyte(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = bytes!("𐌀𐌖𐌋𐌄𐌑𐌉ปรدولة الكويتทศไทย中华𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌰");
-        assert_eq!(100, s.len());
-        b.iter(|| {
-            is_utf8(s)
-        });
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn from_utf8_lossy_100_ascii(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = bytes!("Hello there, the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog! \
-                        Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur. ");
-
-        assert_eq!(100, s.len());
-        b.iter(|| {
-            let _ = from_utf8_lossy(s);
-        });
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn from_utf8_lossy_100_multibyte(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = bytes!("𐌀𐌖𐌋𐌄𐌑𐌉ปรدولة الكويتทศไทย中华𐍅𐌿𐌻𐍆𐌹𐌻𐌰");
-        assert_eq!(100, s.len());
-        b.iter(|| {
-            let _ = from_utf8_lossy(s);
-        });
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn from_utf8_lossy_invalid(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = bytes!("Hello", 0xC0, 0x80, " There", 0xE6, 0x83, " Goodbye");
-        b.iter(|| {
-            let _ = from_utf8_lossy(s);
-        });
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn from_utf8_lossy_100_invalid(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = Vec::from_elem(100, 0xF5u8);
-        b.iter(|| {
-            let _ = from_utf8_lossy(s.as_slice());
-        });
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn bench_connect(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let s = "ศไทย中华Việt Nam; Mary had a little lamb, Little lamb";
-        let sep = "→";
-        let v = [s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s, s];
-        b.iter(|| {
-            assert_eq!(v.connect(sep).len(), s.len() * 10 + sep.len() * 9);
-        })
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn bench_contains_short_short(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let haystack = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.";
-        let needle = "sit";
-
-        b.iter(|| {
-            assert!(haystack.contains(needle));
-        })
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn bench_contains_short_long(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let haystack = "\
-Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse quis lorem sit amet dolor \
-ultricies condimentum. Praesent iaculis purus elit, ac malesuada quam malesuada in. Duis sed orci \
-eros. Suspendisse sit amet magna mollis, mollis nunc luctus, imperdiet mi. Integer fringilla non \
-sem ut lacinia. Fusce varius tortor a risus porttitor hendrerit. Morbi mauris dui, ultricies nec \
-tempus vel, gravida nec quam.
-
-In est dui, tincidunt sed tempus interdum, adipiscing laoreet ante. Etiam tempor, tellus quis \
-sagittis interdum, nulla purus mattis sem, quis auctor erat odio ac tellus. In nec nunc sit amet \
-diam volutpat molestie at sed ipsum. Vestibulum laoreet consequat vulputate. Integer accumsan \
-lorem ac dignissim placerat. Suspendisse convallis faucibus lorem. Aliquam erat volutpat. In vel \
-eleifend felis. Sed suscipit nulla lorem, sed mollis est sollicitudin et. Nam fermentum egestas \
-interdum. Curabitur ut nisi justo.
-
-Sed sollicitudin ipsum tellus, ut condimentum leo eleifend nec. Cras ut velit ante. Phasellus nec \
-mollis odio. Mauris molestie erat in arcu mattis, at aliquet dolor vehicula. Quisque malesuada \
-lectus sit amet nisi pretium, a condimentum ipsum porta. Morbi at dapibus diam. Praesent egestas \
-est sed risus elementum, eu rutrum metus ultrices. Etiam fermentum consectetur magna, id rutrum \
-felis accumsan a. Aliquam ut pellentesque libero. Sed mi nulla, lobortis eu tortor id, suscipit \
-ultricies neque. Morbi iaculis sit amet risus at iaculis. Praesent eget ligula quis turpis \
-feugiat suscipit vel non arcu. Interdum et malesuada fames ac ante ipsum primis in faucibus. \
-Aliquam sit amet placerat lorem.
-
-Cras a lacus vel ante posuere elementum. Nunc est leo, bibendum ut facilisis vel, bibendum at \
-mauris. Nullam adipiscing diam vel odio ornare, luctus adipiscing mi luctus. Nulla facilisi. \
-Mauris adipiscing bibendum neque, quis adipiscing lectus tempus et. Sed feugiat erat et nisl \
-lobortis pharetra. Donec vitae erat enim. Nullam sit amet felis et quam lacinia tincidunt. Aliquam \
-suscipit dapibus urna. Sed volutpat urna in magna pulvinar volutpat. Phasellus nec tellus ac diam \
-cursus accumsan.
-
-Nam lectus enim, dapibus non nisi tempor, consectetur convallis massa. Maecenas eleifend dictum \
-feugiat. Etiam quis mauris vel risus luctus mattis a a nunc. Nullam orci quam, imperdiet id \
-vehicula in, porttitor ut nibh. Duis sagittis adipiscing nisl vitae congue. Donec mollis risus eu \
-leo suscipit, varius porttitor nulla porta. Pellentesque ut sem nec nisi euismod vehicula. Nulla \
-malesuada sollicitudin quam eu fermentum.";
-        let needle = "english";
-
-        b.iter(|| {
-            assert!(!haystack.contains(needle));
-        })
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn bench_contains_bad_naive(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let haystack = "aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa";
-        let needle = "aaaaaaaab";
-
-        b.iter(|| {
-            assert!(!haystack.contains(needle));
-        })
-    }
-
-    #[bench]
-    fn bench_contains_equal(b: &mut Bencher) {
-        let haystack = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.";
-        let needle = "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.";
-
-        b.iter(|| {
-            assert!(haystack.contains(needle));
-        })
-    }
-}