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Previously, `rustc_transmute`'s layout representations were genericized
over `R`, a reference. Now, it's instead genericized over
representations of type and region. This allows us to move reference
transmutability logic from `rustc_trait_selection` to
`rustc_transmutability` (and thus unit test it independently of the
compiler), and — in a follow-up PR — will make it possible to support
analyzing function pointer transmutability with minimal surgery.
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The previous implementation was inconsistent about transitions that
apply for an init byte. For example, when answering a query, an init
byte could use corresponding init transition. Init byte could also use
uninit transition, but only when the corresponding init transition was
absent. This behaviour was incompatible with DFA union construction.
Define an uninit transition to match an uninit byte only and update
implementation accordingly. To describe that `Tree::uninit` is valid
for any value, build an automaton that accepts any byte value.
Additionally, represent byte ranges uniformly as a pair of integers to
avoid special case for uninit byte.
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In the `Tree` and `Dfa` representations of a type's layout, store byte
ranges rather than needing to separately store each byte value. This
permits us to, for example, represent a `u8` using a single 0..=255 edge
in the DFA rather than using 256 separate edges.
This leads to drastic performance improvements. For example, on the
author's 2024 MacBook Pro, the time to convert the `Tree` representation
of a `u64` to its equivalent DFA representation drops from ~8.5ms to
~1us, a reduction of ~8,500x. See `bench_dfa_from_tree`.
Similarly, the time to execute a transmutability query from `u64` to
`u64` drops from ~35us to ~1.7us, a reduction of ~20x. See
`bench_transmute`.
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Prior to this commit, the transmutability analysis used an intermediate
NFA representation of type layout. We then determinized this
representation into a DFA, upon which we ran the core transmutability
analysis. Unfortunately, determinizing NFAs is expensive. In this
commit, we avoid NFAs entirely by observing that Rust `union`s are the
only source of nondeterminism and that it is comparatively cheap to
compute the DFA union of DFAs.
We also implement Graphviz DOT debug formatting of DFAs.
Fixes rust-lang/project-safe-transmute#23
Fixes rust-lang/project-safe-transmute#24
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By either removing the function, or change the attribute to something
more precise.
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The previous commit updated `rustfmt.toml` appropriately. This commit is
the outcome of running `x fmt --all` with the new formatting options.
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In its first step of computing transmutability, `rustc_transmutability`
constructs a byte-level representation of type layout (`Tree`). Previously, this
representation was computed for ADTs by inspecting the ADT definition and
performing our own layout computations. This process was error-prone, verbose,
and limited our ability to analyze many types (particularly default-repr types).
In this PR, we instead construct `Tree`s from `rustc_target::abi::Layout`s. This
helps ensure that layout optimizations are reflected our analyses, and increases
the kinds of types we can now analyze, including:
- default repr ADTs
- transparent unions
- `UnsafeCell`-containing types
Overall, this PR expands the expressvity of `rustc_transmutability` to be much
closer to the transmutability analysis performed by miri. Future PRs will work
to close the remaining gaps (e.g., support for `Box`, raw pointers, `NonZero*`,
coroutines, etc.).
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resolves query instability issues, and probably better for performance
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...instead of `AtomicU64`, which is unavailable.
ref: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/92268#issuecomment-1197797990
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ref: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/92268#discussion_r927095154
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ref: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/92268#discussion_r925246903
ref: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/92268#discussion_r925250811
ref: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/92268#discussion_r925255782
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This initial implementation handles transmutations between types with specified layouts, except when references are involved.
Co-authored-by: Igor null <m1el.2027@gmail.com>
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