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This commit is an implementation of [RFC 494][rfc] which removes the entire
`std::c_vec` module and redesigns the `std::c_str` module as `std::ffi`.
[rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0494-c_str-and-c_vec-stability.md
The interface of the new `CString` is outlined in the linked RFC, the primary
changes being:
* The `ToCStr` trait is gone, meaning the `with_c_str` and `to_c_str` methods
are now gone. These two methods are replaced with a `CString::from_slice`
method.
* The `CString` type is now just a wrapper around `Vec<u8>` with a static
guarantee that there is a trailing nul byte with no internal nul bytes. This
means that `CString` now implements `Deref<Target = [c_char]>`, which is where
it gains most of its methods from. A few helper methods are added to acquire a
slice of `u8` instead of `c_char`, as well as including a slice with the
trailing nul byte if necessary.
* All usage of non-owned `CString` values is now done via two functions inside
of `std::ffi`, called `c_str_to_bytes` and `c_str_to_bytes_with_nul`. These
functions are now the one method used to convert a `*const c_char` to a Rust
slice of `u8`.
Many more details, including newly deprecated methods, can be found linked in
the RFC. This is a:
[breaking-change]
Closes #20444
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This removes a large array of deprecated functionality, regardless of how
recently it was deprecated. The purpose of this commit is to clean out the
standard libraries and compiler for the upcoming alpha release.
Some notable compiler changes were to enable warnings for all now-deprecated
command line arguments (previously the deprecated versions were silently
accepted) as well as removing deriving(Zero) entirely (the trait was removed).
The distribution no longer contains the libtime or libregex_macros crates. Both
of these have been deprecated for some time and are available externally.
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Conflicts:
src/liballoc/lib.rs
src/libcollections/lib.rs
src/libcollections/slice.rs
src/libcore/ops.rs
src/libcore/prelude.rs
src/libcore/ptr.rs
src/librustc/middle/traits/project.rs
src/libstd/c_str.rs
src/libstd/io/mem.rs
src/libstd/io/mod.rs
src/libstd/lib.rs
src/libstd/path/posix.rs
src/libstd/path/windows.rs
src/libstd/prelude.rs
src/libstd/rt/exclusive.rs
src/libsyntax/lib.rs
src/test/compile-fail/issue-18566.rs
src/test/run-pass/deref-mut-on-ref.rs
src/test/run-pass/deref-on-ref.rs
src/test/run-pass/dst-deref-mut.rs
src/test/run-pass/dst-deref.rs
src/test/run-pass/fixup-deref-mut.rs
src/test/run-pass/issue-13264.rs
src/test/run-pass/overloaded-autoderef-indexing.rs
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Conflicts:
src/doc/guide.md
src/libcollections/bit.rs
src/libcollections/btree/node.rs
src/libcollections/slice.rs
src/libcore/ops.rs
src/libcore/prelude.rs
src/librand/rand_impls.rs
src/librustc/middle/check_match.rs
src/librustc/middle/infer/region_inference/mod.rs
src/librustc_driver/lib.rs
src/librustdoc/test.rs
src/libstd/bitflags.rs
src/libstd/io/comm_adapters.rs
src/libstd/io/mem.rs
src/libstd/io/mod.rs
src/libstd/io/net/pipe.rs
src/libstd/io/net/tcp.rs
src/libstd/io/net/udp.rs
src/libstd/io/pipe.rs
src/libstd/io/process.rs
src/libstd/io/stdio.rs
src/libstd/io/timer.rs
src/libstd/io/util.rs
src/libstd/macros.rs
src/libstd/os.rs
src/libstd/path/posix.rs
src/libstd/path/windows.rs
src/libstd/prelude/v1.rs
src/libstd/rand/mod.rs
src/libstd/rand/os.rs
src/libstd/sync/barrier.rs
src/libstd/sync/condvar.rs
src/libstd/sync/future.rs
src/libstd/sync/mpsc/mod.rs
src/libstd/sync/mpsc/mpsc_queue.rs
src/libstd/sync/mpsc/select.rs
src/libstd/sync/mpsc/spsc_queue.rs
src/libstd/sync/mutex.rs
src/libstd/sync/once.rs
src/libstd/sync/rwlock.rs
src/libstd/sync/semaphore.rs
src/libstd/sync/task_pool.rs
src/libstd/sys/common/helper_thread.rs
src/libstd/sys/unix/process.rs
src/libstd/sys/unix/timer.rs
src/libstd/sys/windows/c.rs
src/libstd/sys/windows/timer.rs
src/libstd/sys/windows/tty.rs
src/libstd/thread.rs
src/libstd/thread_local/mod.rs
src/libstd/thread_local/scoped.rs
src/libtest/lib.rs
src/test/auxiliary/cci_capture_clause.rs
src/test/bench/shootout-reverse-complement.rs
src/test/bench/shootout-spectralnorm.rs
src/test/compile-fail/array-old-syntax-2.rs
src/test/compile-fail/bind-by-move-no-guards.rs
src/test/compile-fail/builtin-superkinds-self-type.rs
src/test/compile-fail/comm-not-freeze-receiver.rs
src/test/compile-fail/comm-not-freeze.rs
src/test/compile-fail/issue-12041.rs
src/test/compile-fail/unsendable-class.rs
src/test/run-pass/builtin-superkinds-capabilities-transitive.rs
src/test/run-pass/builtin-superkinds-capabilities-xc.rs
src/test/run-pass/builtin-superkinds-capabilities.rs
src/test/run-pass/builtin-superkinds-self-type.rs
src/test/run-pass/capturing-logging.rs
src/test/run-pass/closure-bounds-can-capture-chan.rs
src/test/run-pass/comm.rs
src/test/run-pass/core-run-destroy.rs
src/test/run-pass/drop-trait-enum.rs
src/test/run-pass/hashmap-memory.rs
src/test/run-pass/issue-13494.rs
src/test/run-pass/issue-3609.rs
src/test/run-pass/issue-4446.rs
src/test/run-pass/issue-4448.rs
src/test/run-pass/issue-8827.rs
src/test/run-pass/issue-9396.rs
src/test/run-pass/ivec-tag.rs
src/test/run-pass/rust-log-filter.rs
src/test/run-pass/send-resource.rs
src/test/run-pass/send-type-inference.rs
src/test/run-pass/sendable-class.rs
src/test/run-pass/spawn-types.rs
src/test/run-pass/task-comm-0.rs
src/test/run-pass/task-comm-10.rs
src/test/run-pass/task-comm-11.rs
src/test/run-pass/task-comm-13.rs
src/test/run-pass/task-comm-14.rs
src/test/run-pass/task-comm-15.rs
src/test/run-pass/task-comm-16.rs
src/test/run-pass/task-comm-3.rs
src/test/run-pass/task-comm-4.rs
src/test/run-pass/task-comm-5.rs
src/test/run-pass/task-comm-6.rs
src/test/run-pass/task-comm-7.rs
src/test/run-pass/task-comm-9.rs
src/test/run-pass/task-comm-chan-nil.rs
src/test/run-pass/task-spawn-move-and-copy.rs
src/test/run-pass/task-stderr.rs
src/test/run-pass/tcp-accept-stress.rs
src/test/run-pass/tcp-connect-timeouts.rs
src/test/run-pass/tempfile.rs
src/test/run-pass/trait-bounds-in-arc.rs
src/test/run-pass/trivial-message.rs
src/test/run-pass/unique-send-2.rs
src/test/run-pass/unique-send.rs
src/test/run-pass/unwind-resource.rs
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This commit is an implementation of [RFC 503][rfc] which is a stabilization
story for the prelude. Most of the RFC was directly applied, removing reexports.
Some reexports are kept around, however:
* `range` remains until range syntax has landed to reduce churn.
* `Path` and `GenericPath` remain until path reform lands. This is done to
prevent many imports of `GenericPath` which will soon be removed.
* All `io` traits remain until I/O reform lands so imports can be rewritten all
at once to `std::io::prelude::*`.
This is a breaking change because many prelude reexports have been removed, and
the RFC can be consulted for the exact list of removed reexports, as well as to
find the locations of where to import them.
[rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0503-prelude-stabilization.md
[breaking-change]
Closes #20068
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Conflicts:
src/libcollections/slice.rs
src/libcollections/vec.rs
src/libstd/sys/windows/os.rs
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It's useful to be able to save state.
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It's useful to be able to save state.
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This commit is a second pass stabilization for the `std::comm` module,
performing the following actions:
* The entire `std::comm` module was moved under `std::sync::mpsc`. This movement
reflects that channels are just yet another synchronization primitive, and
they don't necessarily deserve a special place outside of the other
concurrency primitives that the standard library offers.
* The `send` and `recv` methods have all been removed.
* The `send_opt` and `recv_opt` methods have been renamed to `send` and `recv`.
This means that all send/receive operations return a `Result` now indicating
whether the operation was successful or not.
* The error type of `send` is now a `SendError` to implement a custom error
message and allow for `unwrap()`. The error type contains an `into_inner`
method to extract the value.
* The error type of `recv` is now `RecvError` for the same reasons as `send`.
* The `TryRecvError` and `TrySendError` types have had public reexports removed
of their variants and the variant names have been tweaked with enum
namespacing rules.
* The `Messages` iterator is renamed to `Iter`
This functionality is now all `#[stable]`:
* `Sender`
* `SyncSender`
* `Receiver`
* `std::sync::mpsc`
* `channel`
* `sync_channel`
* `Iter`
* `Sender::send`
* `Sender::clone`
* `SyncSender::send`
* `SyncSender::try_send`
* `SyncSender::clone`
* `Receiver::recv`
* `Receiver::try_recv`
* `Receiver::iter`
* `SendError`
* `RecvError`
* `TrySendError::{mod, Full, Disconnected}`
* `TryRecvError::{mod, Empty, Disconnected}`
* `SendError::into_inner`
* `TrySendError::into_inner`
This is a breaking change due to the modification of where this module is
located, as well as the changing of the semantics of `send` and `recv`. Most
programs just need to rename imports of `std::comm` to `std::sync::mpsc` and
add calls to `unwrap` after a send or a receive operation.
[breaking-change]
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This commit is an implementation of [RFC 503][rfc] which is a stabilization
story for the prelude. Most of the RFC was directly applied, removing reexports.
Some reexports are kept around, however:
* `range` remains until range syntax has landed to reduce churn.
* `Path` and `GenericPath` remain until path reform lands. This is done to
prevent many imports of `GenericPath` which will soon be removed.
* All `io` traits remain until I/O reform lands so imports can be rewritten all
at once to `std::io::prelude::*`.
This is a breaking change because many prelude reexports have been removed, and
the RFC can be consulted for the exact list of removed reexports, as well as to
find the locations of where to import them.
[rfc]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rfcs/blob/master/text/0503-prelude-stabilization.md
[breaking-change]
Closes #20068
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More work on opt-in built in traits. `Send` and `Sync` are not opt-in, `OwnedPtr` renamed to `UniquePtr` and the `Send` and `Sync` traits are now unsafe.
NOTE: This likely needs to be rebased on top of the yet-to-land snapshot.
r? @nikomatsakis
cc #13231
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This commit is part of a series that introduces a `std::thread` API to
replace `std::task`.
In the new API, `spawn` returns a `JoinGuard`, which by default will
join the spawned thread when dropped. It can also be used to join
explicitly at any time, returning the thread's result. Alternatively,
the spawned thread can be explicitly detached (so no join takes place).
As part of this change, Rust processes now terminate when the main
thread exits, even if other detached threads are still running, moving
Rust closer to standard threading models. This new behavior may break code
that was relying on the previously implicit join-all.
In addition to the above, the new thread API also offers some built-in
support for building blocking abstractions in user space; see the module
doc for details.
Closes #18000
[breaking-change]
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This commit merges the `rustrt` crate into `std`, undoing part of the
facade. This merger continues the paring down of the runtime system.
Code relying on the public API of `rustrt` will break; some of this API
is now available through `std::rt`, but is likely to change and/or be
removed very soon.
[breaking-change]
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As part of the libstd facade efforts, this commit extracts the runtime interface
out of the standard library into a standalone crate, librustrt. This crate will
provide the following services:
* Definition of the rtio interface
* Definition of the Runtime interface
* Implementation of the Task structure
* Implementation of task-local-data
* Implementation of task failure via unwinding via libunwind
* Implementation of runtime initialization and shutdown
* Implementation of thread-local-storage for the local rust Task
Notably, this crate avoids the following services:
* Thread creation and destruction. The crate does not require the knowledge of
an OS threading system, and as a result it seemed best to leave out the
`rt::thread` module from librustrt. The librustrt module does depend on
mutexes, however.
* Implementation of backtraces. There is no inherent requirement for the runtime
to be able to generate backtraces. As will be discussed later, this
functionality continues to live in libstd rather than librustrt.
As usual, a number of architectural changes were required to make this crate
possible. Users of "stable" functionality will not be impacted by this change,
but users of the `std::rt` module will likely note the changes. A list of
architectural changes made is:
* The stdout/stderr handles no longer live directly inside of the `Task`
structure. This is a consequence of librustrt not knowing about `std::io`.
These two handles are now stored inside of task-local-data.
The handles were originally stored inside of the `Task` for perf reasons, and
TLD is not currently as fast as it could be. For comparison, 100k prints goes
from 59ms to 68ms (a 15% slowdown). This appeared to me to be an acceptable
perf loss for the successful extraction of a librustrt crate.
* The `rtio` module was forced to duplicate more functionality of `std::io`. As
the module no longer depends on `std::io`, `rtio` now defines structures such
as socket addresses, addrinfo fiddly bits, etc. The primary change made was
that `rtio` now defines its own `IoError` type. This type is distinct from
`std::io::IoError` in that it does not have an enum for what error occurred,
but rather a platform-specific error code.
The native and green libraries will be updated in later commits for this
change, and the bulk of this effort was put behind updating the two libraries
for this change (with `rtio`).
* Printing a message on task failure (along with the backtrace) continues to
live in libstd, not in librustrt. This is a consequence of the above decision
to move the stdout/stderr handles to TLD rather than inside the `Task` itself.
The unwinding API now supports registration of global callback functions which
will be invoked when a task fails, allowing for libstd to register a function
to print a message and a backtrace.
The API for registering a callback is experimental and unsafe, as the
ramifications of running code on unwinding is pretty hairy.
* The `std::unstable::mutex` module has moved to `std::rt::mutex`.
* The `std::unstable::sync` module has been moved to `std::rt::exclusive` and
the type has been rewritten to not internally have an Arc and to have an RAII
guard structure when locking. Old code should stop using `Exclusive` in favor
of the primitives in `libsync`, but if necessary, old code should port to
`Arc<Exclusive<T>>`.
* The local heap has been stripped down to have fewer debugging options. None of
these were tested, and none of these have been used in a very long time.
[breaking-change]
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This is part of the ongoing renaming of the equality traits. See #12517 for more
details. All code using Eq/Ord will temporarily need to move to Partial{Eq,Ord}
or the Total{Eq,Ord} traits. The Total traits will soon be renamed to {Eq,Ord}.
cc #12517
[breaking-change]
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[breaking-change]
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* All of the *_val functions have gone from #[unstable] to #[stable]
* The overwrite and zeroed functions have gone from #[unstable] to #[stable]
* The uninit function is now deprecated, replaced by its stable counterpart,
uninitialized
[breaking-change]
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This is a stopgap until DST (#12938) lands.
Until DST lands, we cannot decompose &str into & and str, so we cannot
usefully take ToCStr arguments by reference (without forcing an
additional & around &str). So we are instead temporarily adding an
instance for &Path and StrBuf, so that we can take ToCStr as owned. When
DST lands, the &Path instance should be removed, the string instances
should be revisted, and arguments bound by ToCStr should be passed by
reference.
FIXMEs have been added accordingly.
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This commit revisits the `cast` module in libcore and libstd, and scrutinizes
all functions inside of it. The result was to remove the `cast` module entirely,
folding all functionality into the `mem` module. Specifically, this is the fate
of each function in the `cast` module.
* transmute - This function was moved to `mem`, but it is now marked as
#[unstable]. This is due to planned changes to the `transmute`
function and how it can be invoked (see the #[unstable] comment).
For more information, see RFC 5 and #12898
* transmute_copy - This function was moved to `mem`, with clarification that is
is not an error to invoke it with T/U that are different
sizes, but rather that it is strongly discouraged. This
function is now #[stable]
* forget - This function was moved to `mem` and marked #[stable]
* bump_box_refcount - This function was removed due to the deprecation of
managed boxes as well as its questionable utility.
* transmute_mut - This function was previously deprecated, and removed as part
of this commit.
* transmute_mut_unsafe - This function doesn't serve much of a purpose when it
can be achieved with an `as` in safe code, so it was
removed.
* transmute_lifetime - This function was removed because it is likely a strong
indication that code is incorrect in the first place.
* transmute_mut_lifetime - This function was removed for the same reasons as
`transmute_lifetime`
* copy_lifetime - This function was moved to `mem`, but it is marked
`#[unstable]` now due to the likelihood of being removed in
the future if it is found to not be very useful.
* copy_mut_lifetime - This function was also moved to `mem`, but had the same
treatment as `copy_lifetime`.
* copy_lifetime_vec - This function was removed because it is not used today,
and its existence is not necessary with DST
(copy_lifetime will suffice).
In summary, the cast module was stripped down to these functions, and then the
functions were moved to the `mem` module.
transmute - #[unstable]
transmute_copy - #[stable]
forget - #[stable]
copy_lifetime - #[unstable]
copy_mut_lifetime - #[unstable]
[breaking-change]
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This module only contains wrappers for malloc and realloc with
out-of-memory checks.
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This primary fix brought on by this upgrade is the proper matching of the ```
and ~~~ doc blocks. This also moves hoedown to a git submodule rather than a
bundled repository.
Additionally, hoedown is stricter about code blocks, so this ended up fixing a
lot of invalid code blocks (ending with " ```" instead of "```", or ending with
"~~~~" instead of "~~~").
Closes #12776
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Closes #12640
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Closes #12702
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Issue #1457
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mut_offset)
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Signed-off-by: OGINO Masanori <masanori.ogino@gmail.com>
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This has been a long time coming. Conditions in rust were initially envisioned
as being a good alternative to error code return pattern. The idea is that all
errors are fatal-by-default, and you can opt-in to handling the error by
registering an error handler.
While sounding nice, conditions ended up having some unforseen shortcomings:
* Actually handling an error has some very awkward syntax:
let mut result = None;
let mut answer = None;
io::io_error::cond.trap(|e| { result = Some(e) }).inside(|| {
answer = Some(some_io_operation());
});
match result {
Some(err) => { /* hit an I/O error */ }
None => {
let answer = answer.unwrap();
/* deal with the result of I/O */
}
}
This pattern can certainly use functions like io::result, but at its core
actually handling conditions is fairly difficult
* The "zero value" of a function is often confusing. One of the main ideas
behind using conditions was to change the signature of I/O functions. Instead
of read_be_u32() returning a result, it returned a u32. Errors were notified
via a condition, and if you caught the condition you understood that the "zero
value" returned is actually a garbage value. These zero values are often
difficult to understand, however.
One case of this is the read_bytes() function. The function takes an integer
length of the amount of bytes to read, and returns an array of that size. The
array may actually be shorter, however, if an error occurred.
Another case is fs::stat(). The theoretical "zero value" is a blank stat
struct, but it's a little awkward to create and return a zero'd out stat
struct on a call to stat().
In general, the return value of functions that can raise error are much more
natural when using a Result as opposed to an always-usable zero-value.
* Conditions impose a necessary runtime requirement on *all* I/O. In theory I/O
is as simple as calling read() and write(), but using conditions imposed the
restriction that a rust local task was required if you wanted to catch errors
with I/O. While certainly an surmountable difficulty, this was always a bit of
a thorn in the side of conditions.
* Functions raising conditions are not always clear that they are raising
conditions. This suffers a similar problem to exceptions where you don't
actually know whether a function raises a condition or not. The documentation
likely explains, but if someone retroactively adds a condition to a function
there's nothing forcing upstream users to acknowledge a new point of task
failure.
* Libaries using I/O are not guaranteed to correctly raise on conditions when an
error occurs. In developing various I/O libraries, it's much easier to just
return `None` from a read rather than raising an error. The silent contract of
"don't raise on EOF" was a little difficult to understand and threw a wrench
into the answer of the question "when do I raise a condition?"
Many of these difficulties can be overcome through documentation, examples, and
general practice. In the end, all of these difficulties added together ended up
being too overwhelming and improving various aspects didn't end up helping that
much.
A result-based I/O error handling strategy also has shortcomings, but the
cognitive burden is much smaller. The tooling necessary to make this strategy as
usable as conditions were is much smaller than the tooling necessary for
conditions.
Perhaps conditions may manifest themselves as a future entity, but for now
we're going to remove them from the standard library.
Closes #9795
Closes #8968
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