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this allows us to soundly use unnormalized projections for wf
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This reverts commit 6499c5e7fc173a3f55b7a3bd1e6a50e9edef782d, reversing
changes made to 78450d2d602b06d9b94349aaf8cece1a4acaf3a8.
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This reverts commit 1f0a96862ac9d4c6ca3e4bb500c8b9eac4d83049, reversing
changes made to bf242bb1199e25ca2274df5c4114e0c9436b74e9.
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Currently, any higher-ranked region errors involving opaque types
fall back to a generic "higher-ranked subtype error" message when
run under NLL. This PR adds better error message handling for this
case, giving us the same kinds of error messages that we currently
get without NLL:
```
error: implementation of `MyTrait` is not general enough
--> $DIR/opaque-hrtb.rs:12:13
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LL | fn foo() -> impl for<'a> MyTrait<&'a str> {
| ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^ implementation of `MyTrait` is not general enough
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= note: `impl MyTrait<&'2 str>` must implement `MyTrait<&'1 str>`, for any lifetime `'1`...
= note: ...but it actually implements `MyTrait<&'2 str>`, for some specific lifetime `'2`
error: aborting due to previous error
```
To accomplish this, several different refactoring needed to be made:
* We now have a dedicated `InstantiateOpaqueType` struct which
implements `TypeOp`. This is used to invoke `instantiate_opaque_types`
during MIR type checking.
* `TypeOp` is refactored to pass around a `MirBorrowckCtxt`, which is
needed to report opaque type region errors.
* We no longer assume that all `TypeOp`s correspond to canonicalized
queries. This allows us to properly handle opaque type instantiation
(which does not occur in a query) as a `TypeOp`.
A new `ErrorInfo` associated type is used to determine what
additional information is used during higher-ranked region error
handling.
* The body of `try_extract_error_from_fulfill_cx`
has been moved out to a new function `try_extract_error_from_region_constraints`.
This allows us to re-use the same error reporting code between
canonicalized queries (which can extract region constraints directly
from a fresh `InferCtxt`) and opaque type handling (which needs to take
region constraints from the pre-existing `InferCtxt` that we use
throughout MIR borrow checking).
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Once this anonymization has performed, we have no
way of recovering the original names during NLL
borrow checking. Keeping the original names allows
error messages in full NLL mode to contain the original
bound region names.
As a result, the typeck results may contain types that
differ only in the names used for their bound regions. However,
anonimization of bound regions does not guarantee that
all distinct types are unqual (e.g. not subtypes of each other).
For example, `for<'a> fn(&'a u32, &'a u32)` and
`for<'b, 'c> fn(&'b u32, &'c u32)` are subtypes of each other,
as explained here:
https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/blob/63cc2bb3d07d6c726dfcdc5f95cbe5ed4760641a/compiler/rustc_infer/src/infer/nll_relate/mod.rs#L682-L690
Therefore, any code handling types with higher-ranked regions already
needs to handle the case where two distinct `Ty`s are 'actually'
equal.
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As described in #57374, NLL currently produces unhelpful higher-ranked
trait bound (HRTB) errors when '-Zno-leak-check' is enabled.
This PR tackles one half of this issue - making the error message point
at the proper span. The error message itself is still the very generic
"higher-ranked subtype error", but this can be improved in a follow-up
PR.
The root cause of the bad spans lies in how NLL attempts to compute the
'blamed' region, for which it will retrieve a span for.
Consider the following code, which (correctly) does not compile:
```rust
let my_val: u8 = 25;
let a: &u8 = &my_val;
let b = a;
let c = b;
let d: &'static u8 = c;
```
This will cause NLL to generate the following subtype constraints:
d :< c
c :< b
b <: a
Since normal Rust lifetimes are covariant, this results in the following
region constraints (I'm using 'd to denote the lifetime of 'd',
'c to denote the lifetime of 'c, etc.):
'c: 'd
'b: 'c
'a: 'b
From this, we can derive that 'a: 'd holds, which implies that 'a: 'static
must hold. However, this is not the case, since 'a refers to 'my_val',
which does not outlive the current function.
When NLL attempts to infer regions for this code, it will see that the
region 'a has grown 'too large' - it will be inferred to outlive
'static, despite the fact that is not declared as outliving 'static
We can find the region responsible, 'd, by starting at the *end* of
the 'constraint chain' we generated above. This works because for normal
(non-higher-ranked) lifetimes, we generally build up a 'chain' of
lifetime constraints *away* from the original variable/lifetime.
That is, our original lifetime 'a is required to outlive progressively
more regions. If it ends up living for too long, we can look at the
'end' of this chain to determine the 'most recent' usage that caused
the lifetime to grow too large.
However, this logic does not work correctly when higher-ranked trait
bounds (HRTBs) come into play. This is because HRTBs have
*contravariance* with respect to their bound regions. For example,
this code snippet compiles:
```rust
let a: for<'a> fn(&'a ()) = |_| {};
let b: fn(&'static ()) = a;
```
Here, we require that 'a' is a subtype of 'b'. Because of
contravariance, we end up with the region constraint 'static: 'a,
*not* 'a: 'static
This means that our 'constraint chains' grow in the opposite direction
of 'normal lifetime' constraint chains. As we introduce subtypes, our
lifetime ends up being outlived by other lifetimes, rather than
outliving other lifetimes. Therefore, starting at the end of the
'constraint chain' will cause us to 'blame' a lifetime close to the original
definition of a variable, instead of close to where the bad lifetime
constraint is introduced.
This PR improves how we select the region to blame for 'too large'
universal lifetimes, when bound lifetimes are involved. If the region
we're checking is a 'placeholder' region (e.g. the region 'a' in
for<'a>, or the implicit region in fn(&())), we start traversing the
constraint chain from the beginning, rather than the end.
There are two (maybe more) different ways we generate region constraints for NLL:
requirements generated from trait queries, and requirements generated
from MIR subtype constraints. While the former always use explicit
placeholder regions, the latter is more tricky. In order to implement
contravariance for HRTBs, TypeRelating replaces placeholder regions with
existential regions. This requires us to keep track of whether or not an
existential region was originally a placeholder region. When we look for
a region to blame, we check if our starting region is either a
placeholder region or is an existential region created from a
placeholder region. If so, we start iterating from the beginning of the
constraint chain, rather than the end.
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This gives at least some explanation for why a borrow is expected to
last for a certain free region. Also:
* Reports E0373: "closure may outlive the current function" with NLL.
* Special cases the case of returning a reference to (or value
referencing) a local variable or temporary (E0515).
* Special case assigning a reference to a local variable in a closure
to a captured variable.
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Also change the order of the fake read for let and the AscribeUserType,
so that we use the better span and message from the fake read in errors.
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For some weird reason this fixes `intrinsic-move-val`. It also affects
various test heuristics. I removed one test (`reborrow_basic`) that
didn't seem to really be testing anything in particular anymore,
compared to all the other tests we've got.
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And add a test showing a universe violation getting caught.
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Fixes #48071
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